On June 25,1990,seven technicians from a radiation medicine department in Shanghai were accidently exposed to a50 Co gamma radiation source within a short duration at a large dose rate,causing 7 cases of bone marrow f...On June 25,1990,seven technicians from a radiation medicine department in Shanghai were accidently exposed to a50 Co gamma radiation source within a short duration at a large dose rate,causing 7 cases of bone marrow form of acute radiation sickness(ARS).This unfortunate large dose of irradiation incidence is called '6.25 radiation accident'.This article reports the clinical progress of this relatively homogenous external irradiation, doses,early management and therapeutic outcomes of the 7 cases of bone marrow form of ARS. Two cases of extremely severe degree bone marrow form of ARS received about ll￣12 Gy total body irradiation (TBI). The living duration of both patients was prolonged owing to semi-identical HLA of allogenous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). One of the patients lived 25 d and the other survived 9o d. The donor chromosome XX showed that BMT was fully engrafted and hematopoiesis was reconstructed in 'Wan'. The remaining 5 cases of severe and moderate degree bone marrow form of ARS received 5. 2 Gy,4.1 Gy,2.5 Gy,2.4 Gy and 2.0 Gy irradiation. As a result of appropriate treatment,these patients passed smoothly the four stages of the clinical course without macro-symptoms and signs at the critical stages, presented with no significant infection and hemorrhagic syndrome. No similar report has been presented in our country and other countries.The 5 cases of ARS were discharged from the hospital because of clinical convalescence.Differential therapeutic management including protective isolation is recommended,and the effect of antiradiation agents such as Estradiol benzoate and Chinese herbal medicines is evaluated. Selective use of antiinfectious antibiotics, whole blood and blood component transfusion,gamma globulin and fetal liver cell infusion when indicated are also discussed.Sorted out by Professor Mai Zhiguang (Division of Radiation Medicine, Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,200433)展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) on hematopoietic injury of acute radiation sickness in mice. Methods: Mice were subjected to whole-body 60Co γ ray irradiation, then bpBMP wa...Objective: To investigate the effect of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) on hematopoietic injury of acute radiation sickness in mice. Methods: Mice were subjected to whole-body 60Co γ ray irradiation, then bpBMP was put into spatium intermusculare or rhBMP-2m, PBK/ hBMP-2 -NIH3T3 cells were injected into abdominal cavity. The effect of BMPs on hematopoiesis including some hematological parameters, the survival rate of 30 d and formation of bone marrow CFU-GM colony were detected at postradiation. Results: pbBMP (purified bovine bone morphogenetic protein) increased the formation of bone marrow CFU-GM colony (P<0. 05) on d 10 after irradiation. rhBMP-2m increased the survival rate of mice irradiated by 7. 5 Gys Mice in control group died in 30 days, while 10%, 15% and 35% mice survived when they were injected i. p. with 0. 5 mg, 1. 0 mg and 2. 0 mg of rhBMP-2m respectively. All hematological parameters of treated mice were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0. 01). PBK/ hBMP-2 -NIH3T3 cells were established and transplanted into mice irradiated by 7. 0 Gy γ ray with i. p. . The survival ratio of treated mice was higher than that of negative control group (P<0. 01), and all hematopoietic parameters were increased statistically significantly (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Results indicate that in adult mice, BMPs can recover or treat the hematopoietic injury of acute radiation sickness, the mechanism may be related with repairing of hematopoietic injury.展开更多
In the case of a terrorist attack by a“dirty bomb”,blast injuries,external irradiation and the incorporation of radioactivity are to be expected.Departing from information about the radiological attack scenario with...In the case of a terrorist attack by a“dirty bomb”,blast injuries,external irradiation and the incorporation of radioactivity are to be expected.Departing from information about the radiological attack scenario with cesium-137 in the U.S.National Scenario Planning Guide,we estimated the radiological doses absorbed.Similar calculations were performed for a smaller plume size and a detonation in a subway.For conditions as described in the U.S.scenario,the committed effective dose amounted to a maximum of 848 mSv,even for very unfavorable conditions.Red bone marrow equivalent doses are insufcient to induce acute radiation sickness(ARS).In the case of a smaller plume size,the ARS threshold may be exceeded in some cases.In a subway bombing,doses are much higher and the occurrence of ARS should be expected.The health hazards from a dirty bomb attack will depend on the location and the explosive device.The derived Haddon matrix indicates that preparing for such an event includes education of all the medical staff about radiation effects,the time lines of radiation damages and the treatment priorities.Further determinants of the outcome include rapid evacuation even from difficult locations,the availability of a specific triage tool to rapidly identify victims at risk for ARS,the availability of an antidote stockpile and dedicated hospital beds to treat seriously irradiated victims.展开更多
文摘On June 25,1990,seven technicians from a radiation medicine department in Shanghai were accidently exposed to a50 Co gamma radiation source within a short duration at a large dose rate,causing 7 cases of bone marrow form of acute radiation sickness(ARS).This unfortunate large dose of irradiation incidence is called '6.25 radiation accident'.This article reports the clinical progress of this relatively homogenous external irradiation, doses,early management and therapeutic outcomes of the 7 cases of bone marrow form of ARS. Two cases of extremely severe degree bone marrow form of ARS received about ll￣12 Gy total body irradiation (TBI). The living duration of both patients was prolonged owing to semi-identical HLA of allogenous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). One of the patients lived 25 d and the other survived 9o d. The donor chromosome XX showed that BMT was fully engrafted and hematopoiesis was reconstructed in 'Wan'. The remaining 5 cases of severe and moderate degree bone marrow form of ARS received 5. 2 Gy,4.1 Gy,2.5 Gy,2.4 Gy and 2.0 Gy irradiation. As a result of appropriate treatment,these patients passed smoothly the four stages of the clinical course without macro-symptoms and signs at the critical stages, presented with no significant infection and hemorrhagic syndrome. No similar report has been presented in our country and other countries.The 5 cases of ARS were discharged from the hospital because of clinical convalescence.Differential therapeutic management including protective isolation is recommended,and the effect of antiradiation agents such as Estradiol benzoate and Chinese herbal medicines is evaluated. Selective use of antiinfectious antibiotics, whole blood and blood component transfusion,gamma globulin and fetal liver cell infusion when indicated are also discussed.Sorted out by Professor Mai Zhiguang (Division of Radiation Medicine, Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,200433)
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) on hematopoietic injury of acute radiation sickness in mice. Methods: Mice were subjected to whole-body 60Co γ ray irradiation, then bpBMP was put into spatium intermusculare or rhBMP-2m, PBK/ hBMP-2 -NIH3T3 cells were injected into abdominal cavity. The effect of BMPs on hematopoiesis including some hematological parameters, the survival rate of 30 d and formation of bone marrow CFU-GM colony were detected at postradiation. Results: pbBMP (purified bovine bone morphogenetic protein) increased the formation of bone marrow CFU-GM colony (P<0. 05) on d 10 after irradiation. rhBMP-2m increased the survival rate of mice irradiated by 7. 5 Gys Mice in control group died in 30 days, while 10%, 15% and 35% mice survived when they were injected i. p. with 0. 5 mg, 1. 0 mg and 2. 0 mg of rhBMP-2m respectively. All hematological parameters of treated mice were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0. 01). PBK/ hBMP-2 -NIH3T3 cells were established and transplanted into mice irradiated by 7. 0 Gy γ ray with i. p. . The survival ratio of treated mice was higher than that of negative control group (P<0. 01), and all hematopoietic parameters were increased statistically significantly (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Results indicate that in adult mice, BMPs can recover or treat the hematopoietic injury of acute radiation sickness, the mechanism may be related with repairing of hematopoietic injury.
基金Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology,Neuherberg Str.1180937 Munich,Germany。
文摘In the case of a terrorist attack by a“dirty bomb”,blast injuries,external irradiation and the incorporation of radioactivity are to be expected.Departing from information about the radiological attack scenario with cesium-137 in the U.S.National Scenario Planning Guide,we estimated the radiological doses absorbed.Similar calculations were performed for a smaller plume size and a detonation in a subway.For conditions as described in the U.S.scenario,the committed effective dose amounted to a maximum of 848 mSv,even for very unfavorable conditions.Red bone marrow equivalent doses are insufcient to induce acute radiation sickness(ARS).In the case of a smaller plume size,the ARS threshold may be exceeded in some cases.In a subway bombing,doses are much higher and the occurrence of ARS should be expected.The health hazards from a dirty bomb attack will depend on the location and the explosive device.The derived Haddon matrix indicates that preparing for such an event includes education of all the medical staff about radiation effects,the time lines of radiation damages and the treatment priorities.Further determinants of the outcome include rapid evacuation even from difficult locations,the availability of a specific triage tool to rapidly identify victims at risk for ARS,the availability of an antidote stockpile and dedicated hospital beds to treat seriously irradiated victims.
