The Effect of Comfort Nursing on the Compliance and Efficacy of Treatment for Children with Acute Otitis Media Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical effect of comfort nursing on children with acute otitis media.Methods:62 children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection who visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected for this study.They were divided into a study group(n=31)and a control group(n=31).Children in the control group received basic care,while children in the study group received comfort nursing along with basic care.The hearing thresholds,body temperature,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of children were compared.Results:After the nursing intervention,the hearing threshold and average body temperature of the children in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the treatment compliance of the children in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the nursing satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comfort nursing can improve the treatment effect,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of children with children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection.

Meta-analysis of the comparison between reduning injection and ribavirin injection for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of reduning injection in acute upper respiratory tract infection of children.Methods:Use computer to search PubMed,the Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Weipu database(VIP)and China Biomedical studies Service System(CBM)for randomized controlled trials(RCT)of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children,and the retrieval time is from their establishment to May,2022.After two researchers independently screened the studies,extracted data and evaluated the risk bias of studies,RevMan5.3 software was used to perform meta-analysis.Results:10 studies in total were included,involving 1466 patients.Results of the meta-analysis:total effective rate[RR=1.12,95%CI(1.07,1.16),P<0.00001],cure time[MD=-1.51,95%CI(-1.71,-1.32),P<0.00001],antipyretic time[MD=-1.32,95%CI(-1.72,-0.92),P<0.00001],disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running[MD=-1.04,95%CI(-1.45,-0.62),P<0.00001],disappearing time of cough[MD=-1.35,95%CI(-1.58,-1.13),P<0.00001],disappearing time of throat congestion[MD=-1.36,95%CI(-1.68,-1.03),P<0.00001],disappearing time of sore throat[MD=-1.55,95%CI(-1.74,-1.35),P<0.00001],the incidence of adverse reactions[RR=0.34,95%CI(0.20,0.57),P<0.0001].The differences between two groups in total effective rate,cure time,antipyretic time,disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running,disappearing time of cough,disappearing time of throat congestion,disappearing time of sore throat and the incidence of adverse reactions are all statistically significant(P<0.05).The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that three outcomes(total effective rate,cure time and disappearing time of sore throat)have unstable results,while others having stable results.Conclusion:Reduning injection is more effective than ribavirin injection in clinical,and it is better than ribavirin injection at relieving fever,nasal obstruction and nose running,cough and throat congestion.In addition,it’s safer in clinical than ribavirin injection.

Effectiveness and Safety of Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)for acute upper respiratory tract infection(AURTI).Database such as CNKI,Wan-fang,VIP,Sino Med,Web of science,Clinical Trials gov,Medline、EMBASE,CENTRAL,Cochrane Library were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)in treating AURTI from the estabslishment of the database to March 2019.A total of 2 reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and extracted material and the quality evaluation of the included studies.Quality evaluation adopted Cochrane Handbook 5.1 evaluation standards and tools.Rev Man5.3 was used to perform Meta-analysis for the adopted study.Finally a total of 4 RCTs involving 636 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that:compared with conventional Western medicine alone,Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)combined with Western medicine in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection can improve the total effective rate of clinical efficacy[RR=0.13,95%CI(0.06,0.29),P<0.00001],shorten the time of antipyretic time for acute upper respiratory tract infection[MD=–1.22,95%CI(–1.43,–1.00),P<0.00001],shorten the time of pharyngeal pain[MD=–1.97,95%CI(–2.97,–0.96),P<0.0001]and shorten the cough disappear time[MD=–1.97,95%CI(–2.97,–0.96),P<0.0001].There were 2 papers reporting adverse reactions during the study period,and one of them specifically reported diarrhea,nausea,vomiting and stomachache in the experimental group.In the control group:diarrhea,nausea and adverse reactions disappeared after drug withdrawal;the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.92%in the control group and 5.88%in the observation group.There was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P>0.05).Based on existing data and methods,the systematic evaluation showed that,compared with Western medicine alone,Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)combined with Western medicine alone could improve the total effective rate of clinical efficacy,reduce the time of fever,sore throat,and the disappearance of cough with less adverse reactions.However,due to the low quality of the included study,large samples,multicenter,randomized,double-blind trials and trials are still needed to randomized controlled trials with reference to the CONSORT standard and the STRICTA statement.

Impact of Training of Dispensers on Case Management of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections at Community Pharmacies in Pakistan

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of training of dispensers on the process of case management of ARI at community pharmacies in context to history taking and provision of advice working at community pharmacies in Islamabad, Pakistan. Method: A randomized, controlled, blinded intervention study was designed and implemented. Before the implementation of intervention, a baseline study was performed to assess the process of case management for ARI at community pharmacies. The study population included all community pharmacy outlets in Islamabad. After data collection, data was analyzed. The result of the study revealed that the overall process of disease management of ARI at community pharmacies in Pakistan is not satisfactory. Pharmacies of Islamabad which were visited in pre intervention phase (118) were divided into two geographical regions A (intervention) and B (control). From which thirty pharmacies were selected randomly from each region. The targeted group of the interventions was drug sellers. Keeping in view the results of the base line study an educational intervention was designed to improve the case management of ARI at community pharmacies in Pakistan. Results: No significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was seen in the process of history taking and advice provision in case of ARI management at community pharmacies between pre and post control groups. On the other hand significant difference in the process of history taking and provision of advice for ARI was observed in the intervention group before and after training. Conclusion: The study has highlighted that improvements in the current dispensing practices at community pharmacies are possible through appropriate educational interventions. The dispensers have the potential to provide fast and low cost healthcare to the masses in the country where the presence of doctors and qualified pharmacist is low;to date they are an untapped and underutilized source in the country.

ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF 42 CASES OF ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

We made clinical observations on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on acute upper respiratory tract infection and compared with the effect of paracetamol and Antondine, The result showed that acupuncture therapy could allay fever more rapidly than drugs, so long as the differentiation of syndromes is correct and the acupoint is selected properly.

Association Between Diurnal Temperature Range and Respiratory Tract Infections

Objective This study aimed to assess the association between emergency-room visits for respiratory tract infection （RTI） with diurnal temperature range （DTR）, a weather parameter closely associated with urbanization and global climate change. Methods We conducted a semiparametric time-series analysis to estimate the percentage increase in emergency-room visits for RTI associated with changes in DTR after adjustment for daily weather conditions （temperature and relative humidity） and outdoor air pollution. Results DTR was significantly associated with daily emergency-room visits for RTI. An increase of 1 ~C in the current-day （LO） and in the 2-day moving average （L01） DTR corresponded to a 0.94% [95% confidence interval （CI）, 0.34%-1.55%] and 2.08% （95% CI, 1.24%-2.93%） increase in emergency-room visits for RTI, respectively. Conclusion DTR was associated with increased risk of RTI. More studies are needed to understand the impact of DTR on respiratory health.

Human Bocavirus Infection in Children with Acute Respiratory Infection in Nairobi, Kenya

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age in developing countries with viruses contributing significantly to this problem. The recently identified parvovirus, Human Bocavirus (HBoV), has also been associated with ARI. Objective: To determine the frequency of HBoV in patients with ARI. Materials and Methods: Samples from 125 consenting patients with influenza like illness signs and symptoms were collected. DNA was extracted from these samples using the QIAamp DNA blood mini kit (Qiagen, Germany). Conventional PCR was carried out and the amplicons were examined in 2% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide. This was followed by sequencing of the HBoV positive samples. Results: Twenty one (16.8%) patients were found to have HBoV infection. Males (n = 61.9%) were mainly infected with HBoV. Local HBoV strains had 98.9% - 100% similarities and were found to cluster together with other strains obtained elsewhere. Conclusion: These findings suggest that HBoV plays a role in respiratory tract infections in children in Kenya just like it has been found elsewhere. It also sheds light on multiple infections associated with HBoV infections in Kenya.

Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Characteristics of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children and New Developments in Laboratory Testing

Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in children is the most common infectious disease in childhood, and its pathogens include viruses, bacteria and fungi, mycoplasma, chlamydia and rickettsia. In recent years, with the continuous development of pathogen detection methods, the diagnosis and treatment of acute respiratory infections has received more and more clinical attention. The clinical diagnosis and treatment characteristics of acute respiratory infections in children and the research of clinical laboratory detection methods have also been continuously developed. The author collected references to review the clinical features and new developments in laboratory testing of acute respiratory tract infection in children.

Influence of pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy on the infection status and immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection

Objective: To study the influence of pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy on the infection status and immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection. Methods: A total of 118 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection who were treated in the hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 were collected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, 59 cases in each group. Control group received conventional therapy, and observation group received pidotimod combined with conventional therapy. The differences in serum levels of inflammatory mediators, acute phase proteins and Th1/Th2 cytokines were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in serum levels of inflammatory mediators, acute phase proteins and Th1/Th2 cytokines were not statistically significant between the two groups. after 1 week of treatment, serum TNF-α, PCT, CRP, PAB, TRF and IL-4 contents of both groups of children were lower than those before treatment while IFN-γ contents as well as IFN-γ/ IL-4 levels were higher than those before treatment, and serum TNF-α, PCT, CRP, PAB, TRF and IL-4 contents of observation group were lower than those of control group while IFN-γ content as well as IFN-γ/ IL-4 level was higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Pidotimod combined with conventional drug therapy can effectively inhibit the infection status and optimize the Th1/Th2 cellular immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection.

血清LBP、CXCL-10对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值及其影响因素

目的探讨血清脂多糖结合蛋白(LBP)、血清CXC趋化因子配体-10(CXCL-10)对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值及其影响因素。方法将2021年7月至2022年6月该院收治的90例急性上呼吸道感染患儿纳入研究作为研究组。另选取同期于本院进行体检40例健康儿童作为健康组。根据痰液细菌培养结果将研究组患儿分为细菌感染组(51例)和非细菌感染组(39例)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清LBP、CXCL-10水平。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清LBP、CXCL-10对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值。采用多因素Logistic回归分析小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的影响因素。结果研究组血清LBP、CXCL-10水平高于健康组(P<0.05)。细菌感染组血清LBP、CXCL-10水平高于非细菌感染组(P<0.05)。血清LBP、CXCL-10单独及联合用于诊断小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.779(95%CI:0.724~0.822)、0.843(95%CI:0.796~0.898)、0.906(95%CI:0.852~0.959)。细菌感染组家庭成员吸烟、铁元素缺乏、钙元素缺乏者所占比例、年均抗菌药使用次数、血清LBP、CXCL-10水平均高于非细菌感染患者(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,年均抗菌药使用次数≥2次(OR=2.305,95%CI:1.483~3.582)、LBP≥104.26 ng/mL(OR=2.573,95%CI:1.446~4.578)、CXCL-10≥112.98 pg/mL(OR=1.208,95%CI:0.110~1.314)是小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论血清LBP、CXCL-10水平升高与儿童急性上呼吸道细菌感染密切相关,可作为鉴别诊断急性上呼吸道细菌感染的指标且二者联合诊断的效能更高。

华西广医1号急性毒性、鼻黏膜刺激性和增强免疫功能的研究

为初步了解拟开发医院雾化制剂华西广医1号的安全性和有效性,通过小鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠鼻黏膜刺激性试验和增强免疫功能的药效学试验方法研究了华西广医1号安全性和药效。结果表明:以0.34 g/mL药液24 h内雾化给药,对小鼠无明显急性毒性;对大鼠经鼻腔给药无明显刺激性;以0.068 g/mL雾化给药,有升高幼龄小鼠的胸腺指数的作用趋势;可升高环磷酰胺致免疫功能低下小鼠的巨噬细胞碳粒廓清指数K、校正指数α和外周血白细胞数目(white blood cell,WBC),红细胞数目(red blood cell,RBC)和血红蛋白浓度(hemoglobin,HGB)水平,并可升高溶血素值。可见,华西广医1号雾化给药小鼠的最大给药量为34 g/kg,无明显鼻黏膜刺激性,0.068 g/mL雾化给药有增强免疫功能,可用于预防上呼吸道感染。

儿童急性呼吸道感染者PA、PSP、CD64、sCD14-ST的变化及其诊断价值

目的 探讨儿童急性呼吸道感染者血前白蛋白(PA)、血清胰石蛋白(PSP)、免疫球蛋白G Fc段受体I(CD64)、可溶性白细胞分化抗原14亚型(sCD14-ST)的变化及其临床诊断价值。方法 回顾性选取2019年9月至2023年3月眉山市四所医院收治的498例儿童急性呼吸道感染患儿作为研究组,根据咽拭子细菌培养结果将其分为细菌感染组232例和非细菌感染组266例;另选取同期体检的健康儿童506例作为对照组。检测所有儿童的血清PA、PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数。比较三组儿童的临床资料,同时比较研究组和对照组以及细菌感染组和非细菌感染组患儿的血清PA、PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清PA、PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数单独及联合检测对儿童急性呼吸道感染的诊断价值。结果 研究组患儿的血清PA水平明显低于对照组,而血清PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数则明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);细菌感染组患儿的血清PA水平明显低于非细菌感染组,而血清PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数则明显高于非细菌感染组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);绘制ROC获得血清PA、PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数单独及联合检测诊断儿童急性呼吸道感染患儿的AUC分别为0.885、0.780、0.818、0.848、0.934。其中,联合诊断的AUC高于各项单独检测(P<0.05),且联合检测的敏感度和特异度为89.20%,81.40%,诊断价值均较高。结论 儿童急性呼吸道感染者血清PA水平呈低表达,血清PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数呈高表达;且细菌感染较非细菌感染的儿童急性呼吸道感染患儿血清PA水平降低,而血清PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平和CD64指数则升高;联合检测血清PA、PSP、外周血sCD14-ST水平、CD64指数有助于诊断儿童急性呼吸道感染。

百蕊颗粒治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染疗效及安全性系统评价

目的系统评价百蕊颗粒治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染(AURTI)的疗效及安全性。方法通过计算机系统检索中国知网、万方数据与维普网数据库自建库至2022年9月有关百蕊颗粒治疗儿童AURTI的随机对照研究,并按照Cochrane质量评价标准对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评估,运用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入文献10篇,涉及患儿1257例。Meta分析显示百蕊颗粒组总有效率高于对照组(OR=4.26,95%CI:2.94~6.16,P<0.00001)。依据疾病类型、治疗疗程进行亚组分析,结果显示,疱疹性咽峡炎患者与非疱疹性咽峡炎患者百蕊颗粒组总有效率均高于对照组(OR=5.34,95%CI:3.23~8.84,P<0.00001;OR=3.12,95%CI:1.80~5.42,P<0.0001);疗程3~5 d与6~7 d百蕊颗粒组总有效率均高于对照组(OR=5.24,95%CI:3.20~8.59,P<0.00001;OR=3.14,95%CI:1.79~5.52,P<0.0001)。百蕊颗粒组退热时间、咽喉部症状消退时间短于对照组(MD=-1.23,95%CI:-1.78~-0.68,P<0.0001;MD=-1.38,95%CI:-1.65~-1.11,P<0.00001)。百蕊颗粒组与对照组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(OR=2.09,95%CI:0.69~6.33,P=0.19)。结论百蕊颗粒治疗儿童AURTI疗效较好,且不会增加不良反应。

炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗对急性上呼吸道感染患儿炎症和症状恢复的影响

目的:观察炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗对急性上呼吸道感染患儿炎症和症状恢复的影响。方法:选取华中科技大学协和江北医院2021年12月—2023年12月收治的120例急性上呼吸道感染患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为研究组和对照组,每组各60例。对照组采用干扰素治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联用炎宁糖浆,比较两种方案的临床疗效。结果:研究组治疗总有效率和CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平高于对照组,中医证候积分、CD8^(+)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平低于对照组,止咳时间、鼻塞缓解时间和退热时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗急性上呼吸道感染效果较好,能够显著缓解患儿临床症状,减轻呼吸道炎症刺激,提高其免疫功能,治疗实用性更高。

血清MyD88和TRAF-6联合检测在儿童重度急性呼吸道感染诊断和预后评估中的价值

目的探讨血清髓系分化初级反应蛋白88(MyD88)、肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF-6)在儿童重度急性呼吸道感染辅助诊断和预后评估中的价值。方法选取2020年1月—2022年6月南阳市中心医院儿童急性呼吸道感染患儿80例(急性呼吸道感染组)。根据病原学检测结果分为非细菌感染组(42例)和细菌感染组(38例)。根据患儿病情严重程度分为轻度组(28例)、中度组(20例)、重度组(32例)。根据患儿预后情况分为预后良好组(58例)和预后不良组(22例)。以同期80名体检健康儿童为正常对照组。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估急性呼吸道感染患儿预后的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标诊断儿童重度急性呼吸道感染和评估预后的效能。结果急性呼吸道感染组血清MyD88、TRAF-6水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.001)。细菌感染组血清MyD88、TRAF-6水平显著高于非细菌感染组(P<0.001)。轻度组、中度组、重度组血清MyD88、TRAF-6水平依次升高(P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清MyD88、TRAF-6单项检测和联合检测诊断重度急性呼吸道感染的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.762、0.734、0.876。预后不良组细菌感染、下呼吸道感染、重度病情所占比例和白细胞(WBC)计数、反应蛋白(CRP)、MyD88、TRAF-6水平均显著高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,重度病情、CRP升高、MyD88升高、TRAF-6升高均是儿童急性呼吸道感染预后不良的危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为1.693、1.864、3.218、2.869,95%可信区间(CI)分别为1.142~2.510、1.228~2.830、1.561~6.633、1.511~5.446,P<0.05]。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清MyD88、TRAF-6、CRP单项检测和联合检测判断急性呼吸道感染患儿预后的AUC分别为0.848、0.900、0.817、0.951。结论急性呼吸道感染患儿血清MyD88、TRAF-6水平显著升高,联合检测对儿童重度急性呼吸道感染的辅助诊断和预后评估均有较高的临床价值。

三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治观察高原居民急性上呼吸道感染伴高热的疗效

目的:观察高原地区居民基于三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治思想,使用中药联合刺络放血治疗急性上呼吸道感染(AURI)伴高热的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年1月至2023年3月色达县人民医院收治的100例AURI伴高热的患者,按照治疗方式不同分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规抗病毒及吸氧、止咳、水电解质平衡等治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上接受中药联合刺络放血治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效、治疗前后中医证候积分、开始退热时间、发热总时间、退热后复发热比率、血清炎症因子水平及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者中医证候积分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者退热后发热率低于对照组,退热时间和退热起效时间短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素–6(IL–6)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在高原地区基于三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治思想,使用中药联合刺络放血治疗AURI伴高热的患者,治愈率高,退热速度快,可以有效降低血清炎症因子水平,安全性高。

外周血炎症指标联合检测在儿童下呼吸道早期感染中的诊断价值

目的探讨血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、全血中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合检测在儿童下呼吸道细菌和病毒早期感染中的鉴别诊断价值。方法收集自贡市第一人民医院2023年1—10月初诊入院的急性下呼吸道感染儿童215例为研究对象,根据感染病原体的类型将其分为细菌感染组(117例)和病毒感染组(98例)。对两组患儿血清IL-6、hs-CRP和全血NLR检测结果进行回顾性分析。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估血清IL-6、hs-CRP和NLR及三者联合检测的诊断价值。结果细菌感染组IL-6、hs-CRP和NLR指标均高于病毒感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IL-6、hs-CRP和NLR的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.839(95%CI:0.765~0.913)、0.783(95%CI:0.693~0.873)和0.840(95%CI:0.769~0.912)。IL-6、hs-CRP和NLR联合检测的AUC为0.875(95%CI:0.810~0.940)。IL-6、hs-CRP和NLR的最佳截断值分别为33.54 ng/L、32.15mg/L、9.62;IL-6单独诊断的灵敏度为67.1%、特异度为91.6%、约登指数为0.587;hs-CRP单独诊断的灵敏度为80.6%、特异度为72.9%、约登指数为0.600;NLR单独诊断的灵敏度为67.2%、特异度为91.7%、约登指数为0.589。三者联合诊断的灵敏度为79.2%、特异度为82.1%、约登指数为0.613。结论血清IL-6、hs-CRP和全血NLR测定均可用于儿童急性下呼吸道细菌感染和病毒感染的早期鉴别诊断,但三者联合检测诊断效能更高。

婴幼儿重点呼吸道病毒感染性疾病预防健康教育专家共识

婴幼儿是呼吸道病毒感染性疾病的高发群体。健康教育是传播疾病防控知识、预防疾病发生发展的有效措施之一。当前,公众对婴幼儿呼吸道病毒感染预防的关注度日益提高,但有关健康教育指导材料相对缺乏。中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心、中华预防医学会儿童保健分会组织专家,从健康教育基本内容、健康教育应用场景、健康教育实施方法、健康教育效果评价多个维度着手制定本共识,以提高各级医疗卫生机构医务人员的健康教育水平,促进全社会对婴幼儿呼吸道病毒感染性疾病的关注,预防疾病发生,降低疾病重症率,保障婴幼儿健康。

2016—2022年广东中山地区急性呼吸道感染患儿7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果分析

目的 分析2016—2022年广东中山地区急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)患儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、人腺病毒(HAdV)、流行性感冒病毒A型(IFV-A)、流行性感冒病毒B型(IFV-B)、人副流感病毒-1型(HPIV-1)、人副流感病毒-2型(HPIV-2)、人副流感病毒-3型(HPIV-3)等7种呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果。方法 回顾性收集2016年1月至2022年12月于中山市博爱医院住院治疗的60 265例ARTI患儿的临床资料,其中49 116例(81.50%)接受病原检查,年龄29 d~14周岁,将其纳入分析。于患儿入院当天或次日采集鼻咽拭子,应用直接免疫荧光法检测RSV、HAdV、IFV-A、IFV-B、HPIV-1、HPIV-2、HPIV-3抗原。结果 49 116例ARTI患儿中有11 210例(22.82%)至少1种病毒抗原检测结果为阳性,检出阳性11 462例次,检出率由高至低依次为RSV(13.84%)、IFV-A(3.14%)、HAdV(2.45%)、HPIV-3(1.76%)、IFV-B(1.15%)、HPIV-1(0.68%)、HPIV-2(0.32%)。RSV在2020年检出率最高,为19.15%,2022年最低,为7.74%;IFV-A在2021年检出率为0.00%,其他观察年份波动在2.32%~4.33%;HAdV在2019年检出率最高,为4.43%,2021年最低,为0.39%;IFV-B、HPIV-1、HPIV-2、HPIV-3在各观察年份检出率均较低。7种病毒在不同季节的检出率均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。RSV感染在夏季和冬季更常见;HAdV感染多发于夏季;IFV-A感染多发于冬季,秋季较少见。RSV、HPIV-3在29 d~<1岁年龄段检出率最高,分别为22.32%、2.90%;IFV-A、IFV-B在6~14岁年龄段检出率最高,分别为6.30%、3.17%;HAdV在3~<6岁年龄段检出率最高,为4.30%;HPIV-1在1~<3岁年龄段检出率最高,为0.85%。HPIV-2检出率在不同年龄段比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RSV在男性的检出率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他6种病毒在不同性别患儿检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。RSV主要检出于急性喘息性支气管炎患儿(28.17%);HAdV、IFV-A、IFV-B均在急性上呼吸道感染患儿检出率最高,分别为3.66%、4.91%、1.70%,而HPIV-3在急性上呼吸道感染患儿中检出率较低(1.20%)。结论 RSV、IFV-A、HAdV是广东中山地区ARTI患儿的主要病原。婴儿、男性为呼吸道病毒感染的高发群体。

1例血清T_(3)、FT_(3)值异常增高病例分析

1例行常规体检患者三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_(3))、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT_(3))异常增高,48h后再次采集患者空腹静脉血发现T_(3)、FT_(3)检测值回落,通过重复测定,不同实验室的仪器设备进行比对,排除检测错误。经讨论,该病例可能为轻型不典型亚急性甲状腺炎,但T_(3)、FT_(3)结果异常增高,T_(4)、FT_(4)、TSH、ATG、A-TPO正常,短时间再次采集静脉血检测T_(3)、FT_(3)值大部分回落,在临床极为少见,可提示临床持续观察检测,避免过度治疗。此外,需注意药物及内源性因素对检测结果产生的影响,避免误诊。