BACKGROUND Meningitis remains a significant source of mortality and morbidity,with an incidence of 1 per 100000 persons in the United States.Guidelines recommend obtaining blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)st...BACKGROUND Meningitis remains a significant source of mortality and morbidity,with an incidence of 1 per 100000 persons in the United States.Guidelines recommend obtaining blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)studies in patients presenting with acute meningitis syndrome,and beginning treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics based on the age and certain predisposing conditions.In some patients however,the diagnostic lumbar puncture(LP)is not performed due to a multitude of reasons,ranging from increased intracranial pressure to failed attempt.In such situations,appropriate therapy is initiated empirically and often continued without establishment of a definitive diagnosis.AIM To determine whether a diagnostic LP in acute meningitis syndrome was associated with a better outcome and less duration of antibiotic therapy,along with potential causes for deferral of procedure.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted amongst the patients presenting to a 360 bedded community hospital in central Massachusetts with a diagnosis of acute meningitis syndrome between January 2010-September 2022.The electronic health records were accessed to collect necessary demographic and clinical data,including etiology of meningitis,lumbar puncture results,reason for procedure deferral,duration of antibiotic therapy and clinical outcome.The patients were subsequently divided into two groups based on whether they received a LP or not,and data was analyzed.RESULTS A total of 169 patients admitted with acute meningitis syndrome between September 2010-2022 were included in the study.The mean age of the participants was 54.3 years(SD+/-19.2 years).LP was performed for 130(76.9%)participants,out of which,28(21.5%)showed some growth in CSF culture.The most commonly identified organism was streptococcus pneumoniae.Amongst the 39 patients in whom LP was deferred,the major reasons recorded were:Body habitus(n=6,15.4%),and unsuccessful attempt(n=4,10.3%).While 93(71.5%)patients with LP received antibiotic therapy,only 19(48.7%)patients without LP received the antibiotics,with the principal reason being spontaneous improvement in sensorium without any diagnosed source of infection.The mean duration of antibiotic use was 12.3 days(SD+/-5.6)in the LP group and 11.5 days(SD+/-7.0)in the non-LP group(P=0.56;statistically not significant).We observed higher long term sequalae in the non-LP group(n=6,15.4%)compared to the LP group(n=9,6.9%).Similarly,the death rate was higher in the non-LP group(n=7,18.0%)compared to the LP group(n=9,6.9%).CONCLUSION LP remains the cornerstone for diagnosing meningitis,but often CSF results are unavailable,leading to empiric treatment.Our study identified that body habitus and unsuccessful attempts were the most common reasons for LP not being performed,leading to empiric antibiotic coverage.There was no difference between the duration of antibiotics received by the two groups,but a lower proportion of patients without LP received antibiotics,attributed to a spontaneous improvement in sensorium.However,the residual neurological sequelae and death rates were higher in patients without LP,signifying a potential under-treatment.A LP remains crucial to diagnose meningitis,and a lack of CSF analysis predisposes to under-treatment,leading to higher neurological sequelae and increased chances of death.展开更多
Rationale:Dengue is the most important human arboviral disease.Neurological manifestations occur rarely in dengue.To the best of our knowledge,there is only one reported case of dengue-associated sudden sensorineural ...Rationale:Dengue is the most important human arboviral disease.Neurological manifestations occur rarely in dengue.To the best of our knowledge,there is only one reported case of dengue-associated sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)in Brazil untill now.Patient concerns:A 42-year-old man was presented to the emergency department with unconsciousness and generalized tonicclonic seizures.Diagnosis:Dengue-associated aseptic meningitis,acute kidney injury,and SSNHL.Interventions:The patient was treated with anticonvulsants and thiamine and underwent mechanical ventilation.He received combined ceftriaxone and acyclovir,which were later switched to meropenem,acyclovir and ampicillin empirically until culture results became available.He also required hemodialysis and plasmapheresis sessions and fresh frozen plasma and buffy coat transfusions until definitive diagnosis.Outcomes:The patient was discharged after improvement of his general condition and of his blood test results,but hearing loss remained.A six-month follow-up visit showed persistent deafness.Lessons:Dengue should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients from dengue-endemic areas presenting an acute febrile disease with neurological manifestations.To the best of our knowledge,this is the second reported case of dengueassociated SSNHL,suggesting an association between dengue and development of SSNHL.展开更多
Acute myeloid leukemia philadelphie positive (Ph+ AML) is a rare aggressive acute leukemia with poor prognosis. We report a patient with ph positive AML (FAB5), the transcript bcr/abl was not performed at diagnosis. S...Acute myeloid leukemia philadelphie positive (Ph+ AML) is a rare aggressive acute leukemia with poor prognosis. We report a patient with ph positive AML (FAB5), the transcript bcr/abl was not performed at diagnosis. She achieved complete remission after conventional induction chemotherapy. The consolidation therapy was based on Imatinib only due to infectious complications. She was in complete hematologic and cytogenetic remission for 19 months, and after she exhibited an isolated meningeal relapse. A second remission was achieved with intrathecal chemotherapy and cranial irradiation. Imatinib was switched to second generation Tyrosine kinase Inhibitor which had better diffusion into cerebrospinal fluid. She is in complete hematologic, cytogenetic and meningeal remission after 14 months of treatment. Imatinib monotherapy affords insufficient protection from CNS relapse. Second generation Tyrosine kinase Inhibitor seems to have better efficiency. Ph+ AML with monoblastic differentiation should be considered, like Ph+ ALL, at high risk of meningeal leukemia and should receive central nervous system prophylaxis.展开更多
Acute bacterial meningitis(ABM)is the medical emergency which warrants an early diagnosis and an aggressive therapy.Despite the availability of the potent newer antibiotics,the mortality caused by ABM and its complica...Acute bacterial meningitis(ABM)is the medical emergency which warrants an early diagnosis and an aggressive therapy.Despite the availability of the potent newer antibiotics,the mortality caused by ABM and its complications remain high in India,ranging from 16%to 32%.The aim of this case report is to present the rare isolation of Pseudomonas putida from cerebrospinal fluid sample.Besides this,the author also emphasizes the importance of correctly identifying the organism and thus the selection of the most accurate antibiotic from the susceptibility profile to allow for early recovery and to improve the patient outcome and survival.展开更多
目的分析2013-2021年宝鸡市急性脑炎脑膜炎症候群(Acute Meningeal and Encephalitis Syndrome,AMES)监测病例中乙型脑炎(乙脑)病例的构成和临床特征,为指导乙脑病例的诊断提供依据。方法按照宝鸡市AMES病例定义开展监测,所有病例进行...目的分析2013-2021年宝鸡市急性脑炎脑膜炎症候群(Acute Meningeal and Encephalitis Syndrome,AMES)监测病例中乙型脑炎(乙脑)病例的构成和临床特征,为指导乙脑病例的诊断提供依据。方法按照宝鸡市AMES病例定义开展监测,所有病例进行乙型脑炎病毒IgM抗体检测,对阳性病例按照入院诊断分为乙脑疑似病例组和非乙脑疑似病例组,比较两组病例临床表现与脑脊液生化特征的差异,比较监测实施前后宝鸡地区乙脑病例在陕西省的占比。结果2013-2021年共报告AMES病例2636例,乙脑IgM阳性158例,阳性率为5.99%,其中72例(45.57%)从入院诊断为疑似乙脑病例中检出,86例(54.43%)从AMES其它诊断中检出。临床表现为头痛、恶心、呕吐、抽搐比例在疑似和非疑似乙脑病例中无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发热、意识障碍、颈项强直、脑膜刺激征在疑似乙脑病例组高于非疑似乙脑病例组(P<0.05)。入院诊断为乙脑疑似病例和非乙脑疑似病例的脑脊液外观、蛋白含量、白细胞计数、葡萄糖和氯化物含量无统计学差异(P>0.05)。2005-2012年宝鸡市乙脑病例数占全省的10.65%(134/1258),2013-2021年占16.58%(161/971)。结论急性脑炎脑膜炎症候群监测可提高乙脑检出率,指导临床对乙型脑炎病例的诊断,应继续加强监测。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Meningitis remains a significant source of mortality and morbidity,with an incidence of 1 per 100000 persons in the United States.Guidelines recommend obtaining blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)studies in patients presenting with acute meningitis syndrome,and beginning treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics based on the age and certain predisposing conditions.In some patients however,the diagnostic lumbar puncture(LP)is not performed due to a multitude of reasons,ranging from increased intracranial pressure to failed attempt.In such situations,appropriate therapy is initiated empirically and often continued without establishment of a definitive diagnosis.AIM To determine whether a diagnostic LP in acute meningitis syndrome was associated with a better outcome and less duration of antibiotic therapy,along with potential causes for deferral of procedure.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted amongst the patients presenting to a 360 bedded community hospital in central Massachusetts with a diagnosis of acute meningitis syndrome between January 2010-September 2022.The electronic health records were accessed to collect necessary demographic and clinical data,including etiology of meningitis,lumbar puncture results,reason for procedure deferral,duration of antibiotic therapy and clinical outcome.The patients were subsequently divided into two groups based on whether they received a LP or not,and data was analyzed.RESULTS A total of 169 patients admitted with acute meningitis syndrome between September 2010-2022 were included in the study.The mean age of the participants was 54.3 years(SD+/-19.2 years).LP was performed for 130(76.9%)participants,out of which,28(21.5%)showed some growth in CSF culture.The most commonly identified organism was streptococcus pneumoniae.Amongst the 39 patients in whom LP was deferred,the major reasons recorded were:Body habitus(n=6,15.4%),and unsuccessful attempt(n=4,10.3%).While 93(71.5%)patients with LP received antibiotic therapy,only 19(48.7%)patients without LP received the antibiotics,with the principal reason being spontaneous improvement in sensorium without any diagnosed source of infection.The mean duration of antibiotic use was 12.3 days(SD+/-5.6)in the LP group and 11.5 days(SD+/-7.0)in the non-LP group(P=0.56;statistically not significant).We observed higher long term sequalae in the non-LP group(n=6,15.4%)compared to the LP group(n=9,6.9%).Similarly,the death rate was higher in the non-LP group(n=7,18.0%)compared to the LP group(n=9,6.9%).CONCLUSION LP remains the cornerstone for diagnosing meningitis,but often CSF results are unavailable,leading to empiric treatment.Our study identified that body habitus and unsuccessful attempts were the most common reasons for LP not being performed,leading to empiric antibiotic coverage.There was no difference between the duration of antibiotics received by the two groups,but a lower proportion of patients without LP received antibiotics,attributed to a spontaneous improvement in sensorium.However,the residual neurological sequelae and death rates were higher in patients without LP,signifying a potential under-treatment.A LP remains crucial to diagnose meningitis,and a lack of CSF analysis predisposes to under-treatment,leading to higher neurological sequelae and increased chances of death.
文摘Rationale:Dengue is the most important human arboviral disease.Neurological manifestations occur rarely in dengue.To the best of our knowledge,there is only one reported case of dengue-associated sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)in Brazil untill now.Patient concerns:A 42-year-old man was presented to the emergency department with unconsciousness and generalized tonicclonic seizures.Diagnosis:Dengue-associated aseptic meningitis,acute kidney injury,and SSNHL.Interventions:The patient was treated with anticonvulsants and thiamine and underwent mechanical ventilation.He received combined ceftriaxone and acyclovir,which were later switched to meropenem,acyclovir and ampicillin empirically until culture results became available.He also required hemodialysis and plasmapheresis sessions and fresh frozen plasma and buffy coat transfusions until definitive diagnosis.Outcomes:The patient was discharged after improvement of his general condition and of his blood test results,but hearing loss remained.A six-month follow-up visit showed persistent deafness.Lessons:Dengue should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients from dengue-endemic areas presenting an acute febrile disease with neurological manifestations.To the best of our knowledge,this is the second reported case of dengueassociated SSNHL,suggesting an association between dengue and development of SSNHL.
文摘Acute myeloid leukemia philadelphie positive (Ph+ AML) is a rare aggressive acute leukemia with poor prognosis. We report a patient with ph positive AML (FAB5), the transcript bcr/abl was not performed at diagnosis. She achieved complete remission after conventional induction chemotherapy. The consolidation therapy was based on Imatinib only due to infectious complications. She was in complete hematologic and cytogenetic remission for 19 months, and after she exhibited an isolated meningeal relapse. A second remission was achieved with intrathecal chemotherapy and cranial irradiation. Imatinib was switched to second generation Tyrosine kinase Inhibitor which had better diffusion into cerebrospinal fluid. She is in complete hematologic, cytogenetic and meningeal remission after 14 months of treatment. Imatinib monotherapy affords insufficient protection from CNS relapse. Second generation Tyrosine kinase Inhibitor seems to have better efficiency. Ph+ AML with monoblastic differentiation should be considered, like Ph+ ALL, at high risk of meningeal leukemia and should receive central nervous system prophylaxis.
文摘Acute bacterial meningitis(ABM)is the medical emergency which warrants an early diagnosis and an aggressive therapy.Despite the availability of the potent newer antibiotics,the mortality caused by ABM and its complications remain high in India,ranging from 16%to 32%.The aim of this case report is to present the rare isolation of Pseudomonas putida from cerebrospinal fluid sample.Besides this,the author also emphasizes the importance of correctly identifying the organism and thus the selection of the most accurate antibiotic from the susceptibility profile to allow for early recovery and to improve the patient outcome and survival.
文摘目的分析2013-2021年宝鸡市急性脑炎脑膜炎症候群(Acute Meningeal and Encephalitis Syndrome,AMES)监测病例中乙型脑炎(乙脑)病例的构成和临床特征,为指导乙脑病例的诊断提供依据。方法按照宝鸡市AMES病例定义开展监测,所有病例进行乙型脑炎病毒IgM抗体检测,对阳性病例按照入院诊断分为乙脑疑似病例组和非乙脑疑似病例组,比较两组病例临床表现与脑脊液生化特征的差异,比较监测实施前后宝鸡地区乙脑病例在陕西省的占比。结果2013-2021年共报告AMES病例2636例,乙脑IgM阳性158例,阳性率为5.99%,其中72例(45.57%)从入院诊断为疑似乙脑病例中检出,86例(54.43%)从AMES其它诊断中检出。临床表现为头痛、恶心、呕吐、抽搐比例在疑似和非疑似乙脑病例中无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发热、意识障碍、颈项强直、脑膜刺激征在疑似乙脑病例组高于非疑似乙脑病例组(P<0.05)。入院诊断为乙脑疑似病例和非乙脑疑似病例的脑脊液外观、蛋白含量、白细胞计数、葡萄糖和氯化物含量无统计学差异(P>0.05)。2005-2012年宝鸡市乙脑病例数占全省的10.65%(134/1258),2013-2021年占16.58%(161/971)。结论急性脑炎脑膜炎症候群监测可提高乙脑检出率,指导临床对乙型脑炎病例的诊断,应继续加强监测。
