Design,delivery and efficacy testing of therapeutic nucleic acids used to inhibit hepatitis C virus gene expression in vitro and in vivo

Despite major achievements in the treatment ofchronic hepatitis C with the combination ofinterferons and the nucleoside analog ribavirin themajority of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection cannot be treated effectively.Toimprove this response rate we used antisensetechnologies to inhibit HCV translation as possibleadditional option for experimental treatment.Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ODN) are

Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of <i>Aloe vera</i>: A Review

The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also most of the people for food and medicine. The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, anti-microbial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

Continuous Wear of Hydrogel Contact Lenses for Therapeutic Use

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and complications of continuous wear of etafilcon A for therapeutic use. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 228 eyes of 219 outpatients prescribed contact lens (CL) for one week of continuous therapeutic wear during 10 years. The reason for prescription of CLs, the primary disease, the duration of CL wear and the complications were assessed retrospectively. Results: The predominant reason for prescription of CLs was relief of pain or a foreign-body sensation (62.3%) and protection of the corneal epithelium (20.6%). The primary disease was post-penetrating keratoplasty (36.8%), followed by corneal epithelial erosion (14.5%), post-lamellar keratoplasty (14.0%) and bullous keratopathy (12.2%). The average duration of wearing single lens was 6.5 ± 3.2 days. The average duration of wearing CLs in total was 9.2 ± 10.7 months. The most frequent problem associated with continuous wear of CLs was their dropping out of CLs (12.3%). The complications associated with CLs included conjunctivitis with papillary hyperplasia, corneal erosion and superficial punctate keratitis, but corneal ulcer and corneal infiltrates were not found. Conclusion: Serious complications were not shown changing the lenses every week to keep to the prescribed time limit for continuous therapeutic wear, even if corneal epithelial barrier function is impaired.

Comparison of long-lasting therapeutic effects between succimer and penicillamine on hepatolenticular degeneration

AIM To compare the long term effect of succimer (Suc) with that of penicillamine (Pen) in treating hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with HLD were divided into 2 groups. Group A ( n =60) received Suc 750mg , po. bid. Group B ( n =60) received Pen 250mg , po. qid. The period of maintenance treatment varied from 6 months to 3 years, averaging 1 5 years. Symptoms and therapeutic effects were evaluated by modified Goldstein scale. RESULTS The total effectiveness of group A in two different periods of treatment were 80% and 85% respectively, higher than those of group B (58% and 59% respectively) ( P <0 05). Suc also had obvious curative effects for the patients who failed in the use of Pen. There were fewer side effect in group A than in group B ( P <0 05). Suc and Pen could increase urinary copper excretion effectively and continually. CONCLUSION Suc is more effective and safer than Pen. Clinically, it can replace Pen as first choice drug for long term maintenance therapy of HLD.

Functional dyspepsia of ulcer-dysmotility type:clinical incidence and therapeutic strategy

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Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract

Lymphadenectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for tumors of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical templatebased lymphadenectomy significantly improved patient survival in tumors of the renal pelvis. This benefit was more evident for patients with p T2 stage tumors or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy,which is likely to be associated with improved patient survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy,but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for patients with muscle-invasive disease,even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.

Blastocystis hominis as a cause of chronic diarrhea in low-resource settings:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Blastocystis hominis(B.hominis),an anaerobic unicellular protist parasite,is known for its diverse clinical manifestations upon infecting the human gastrointestinal tract.Although globally distributed,it is particularly prevalent in developing nations.Examining the symptoms and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings holds immense significance,providing healthcare practi-tioners with valuable insights to enhance patient care.AIM To synthesize existing evidence on the symptomatology and treatment outcomes of B.hominis infection in low-resource settings.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines,a systematic review was conducted.The search spanned electronic databases including PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar.After a comprehensive screening process,a thorough examination of the papers,adhering to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and data extraction from eligible studies was conducted.The findings underwent summarization through simple descriptive analysis.RESULTS The search yielded 1200 papers,with 17 meeting inclusion criteria.Chronic diarrhea due to B.hominis infection was reported in only two studies,while abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting emerged as the most commonly documented symptoms.Recovery rates after one week of treatment ranged from 71.8%to 100%,and after two weeks,from 60%to 100%.CONCLUSION In low-resource settings,chronic diarrhea resulting from B.hominis infection is infrequent.Common symptoms include abdominal pain,diarrhea,flatulence,constipation,and nausea/vomiting.Post-treatment,clinical outcomes are notably favorable,supporting the recommendation for treatment.Metronidazole is advocated as the first-line agent,with consideration for switching to a second-line option in cases of treatment failure or poor response.

Clinacanthus nutans:a review of the medicinal uses,pharmacology and phytochemistry

Clinacanthus nutans Lindau is known as snake grass belonging to the Acanlhaceae family.This plant has diverse and potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine for treating skin rashes,insects and snake bites,lesions caused by herpes simplex virus,diabetes,and gout in Malaysia.Indonesia.Thailand and China.Phylochemieal investigations documented the varied contents of bioaclive compounds from litis plant namely flavonoids,glycosides,glycoglyeerolipids.cerebrosides and monoacylmonogalatosylglycerol.The pharmacological experiment proved that various types of extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibited a broad range of biological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antiviral,antioxidant,and anti-diabetic activities.The lindings of toxicity study showed that extracts from this plant did not show any toxicity thus it can be used as strong therapeutic agents for specific diseased conditions.However,further experiments on chemical components and their mode of action showing biological activities are required to elucidate the complete phytochemical profile and assess to confirm their suitability tor future drugs.This review summarizes the medicinal uses,phytochemistry and pharmacology of this plant in order to explore its therapeutic potential and gaps necessitating for prospected research work.

High-intensity focused ultrasound extracorporeal ablation of liver tissuesin rabbits

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Controversies regarding transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have tantalized regenerative medicine with their therapeutic potential,yet a cloud of controversies looms over their clinical tran-splantation.This comprehensive review navigates the intricate landscape of MSC controversies,drawing upon 15 years of clinical experience and research.We delve into the fundamental properties of MSCs,exploring their unique immuno-modulatory capabilities and surface markers.The heart of our inquiry lies in the controversial applications of MSC transplantation,including the perennial debate between autologous and allogeneic sources,concerns about efficacy,and lingering safety apprehensions.Moreover,we unravel the enigmatic mechanisms surro-unding MSC transplantation,such as homing,integration,and the delicate balance between differentiation and paracrine effects.We also assess the current status of clinical trials and the ever-evolving regulatory landscape.As we peer into the future,we examine emerging trends,envisioning personalized medicine and innovative delivery methods.Our review provides a balanced and informed perspective on the controversies,offering readers a clear understanding of the complexities,challenges,and potential solutions in MSC transplantation.

USE OF CELL-BASED BIOASSAY FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF BOTANICAL THERAPEUTICS

The single most important factor in modernization efforts of traditional oriental medicines is the limited understanding of active compounds responsible for claimed therapeutic effects.Indeed,the unknown identity of biologically active molecules generates major difficulties associated with botanical therapeutics in general.This includes management of raw materials,poor understanding of

伐昔洛韦对比阿昔洛韦治疗带状疱疹疗效和安全性的Meta分析

目的:系统评价伐昔洛韦对比阿昔洛韦治疗带状疱疹的疗效和安全性,为临床提供循证参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、中文科技期刊数据库、中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据库,纳入伐昔洛韦(试验组)对比阿昔洛韦(对照组)治疗带状疱疹的随机对照试验(RCT),按照Cochrane系统评价员手册5.1.0评价纳入研究的质量并提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入12项RCT,合计1 059例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者总有效率[OR=4.64,95%CI(2.99,7.20),P<0.001]和治愈率[OR=2.93,95%CI(2.13,4.03),P<0.001]均显著高于对照组,后遗神经痛发生率[OR=0.39,95%CI(0.22,0.69),P=0.001]显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义[OR=0.79,95%CI(0.49,1.29),P=0.35]。结论:伐昔洛韦治疗带状疱疹疗效优于阿昔洛韦,可明显降低患者后遗神经痛发生率,两者安全性相当。

复方肝毒清对乙型肝炎病毒的体内外抑制作用

【目的】观察复方肝毒清的体内外抗乙肝病毒作用。【方法】体内实验采用先天感染鸭乙肝模型,检测用药前后鸭血清乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(DHBV DNA)的动态变化;体外实验采用2.2.15细胞为模型,检测用药后复方肝毒清对细胞培养上清中乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)的抑制作用。【结果】体内实验:给药第10天时血清DHBVDNA滴度显著下降(与模型组比较P<0.01).而停药第3天后又有回升,但仍低于模型组(P<0.01);体外实验:复方肝毒清对细胞分泌HBsAg的治疗指数(50％毒性浓度:50％抑制浓度)为66.81,对分泌HBeAg的治疗指数为34.18。【结论】复方肝毒清在体内外均具有抗乙肝病毒作用。

卡波西水痘样疹65例临床分析

目的:探讨儿童Kaposi水痘样疹的临床特征、易感因素和治疗方法。方法:对65例Kaposi水痘样疹患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:本组65例均有基础皮肤病损害,多由疱疹病毒感染而发病,主要临床表现为全身密集水疱,疱顶见脐凹。阿昔洛韦与胸腺肽配伍治疗效果优于单用阿昔洛韦。结论:Kaposi水痘样疹的患儿有细胞免疫低下的特点,阿昔洛韦与胸腺肽配伍有利于及时控制Kaposi水痘样疹急性期的病情。

阿昔洛韦软膏联合聚维酮碘软膏治疗带状疱疹皮损的疗效观察

目的:带状疱疹是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒引起的急性炎症性皮肤病,局部皮损的治疗影响带状疱疹的转归。本研究观察阿昔洛韦软膏联合聚维酮碘软膏治疗带状疱疹病毒感染后表现为单侧发疹、成簇水疱皮损的疗效。方法:我科2003年5月至2008年6月75例入选住院病人随机分为三组:A组,阿昔洛韦软膏治疗组(n=25);B组,聚维酮碘软膏治疗组(n=25);C组,联合治疗组(n=25)。三组患者均予阿昔洛韦每8小时0.5g静脉滴注,皮损均局部消毒后分别单用阿昔洛韦软膏、单用聚维酮碘软膏及联合阿昔洛韦软膏、聚维酮碘软膏外涂患处,之后覆盖无菌纱布,每天换药一次。观察3d、5d和7d后皮损变化情况。结果:联合用药3d、5d和7d后皮损的痊愈率和总有效率均优于单用阿昔洛韦软膏或聚维酮碘软膏(P<0.05),并发感染率也明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:阿昔洛韦软膏联合聚维酮碘软膏能更有效治疗带状疱疹局部皮损,早期即可取得较好的效果,具有更好的疗效和抗感染作用。

喷昔洛韦与阿昔洛韦治疗豚鼠单纯疱疹的疗效比较

为比较喷昔洛韦 (PCV)与阿昔洛韦 (ACV)对单纯疱疹的疗效 ,建立了豚鼠皮肤单纯疱疹的模型 ,比较不同时间的疗效积分和皮损处 1型单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV - 1)发现 :0 2 %PCV组对疱疹疗效及对HSV - 1抑制作用要比 1%ACV组好 ,表明PCV治疗单纯疱疹的疗效要比ACV好 ,其抗HSV -

阿昔洛韦与IFN序贯抗HBV感染时血清HBVDNA含量变化

目的为探讨HBV感染者单用IFN或阿昔洛韦（Acy）联合IFN序贯治疗时，血中HBVDNA水平变化与疗效关系．方法血清HBsAg，HBeAg，抗HBc：和HBVDNA皆阳性HBV感染者33例．IFN组15例，用重组IFNa-1b300万U，im，1次／d×14，1次／2d×36，共 50支；合用组 18例，用 Acy25 mg／（kg·d），iv计×15，接着 IFNa-1b300万 U，用法同 IFN组，IFN治疗20 d时再用 Acy 15 d，方法同前采用信号引物能量转移定量PCR，测定患者治疗前。中、治疗结束时血清HBVDNA水平并判断疗效．结果完全反应老干扰素治疗前血清HBVDNA含量（拷贝／L）范围 5．03×107～4．58×109；部分反应和无反应者范围 5.68×107～2．37×1015．Acy能降低血中HBVDNA含量，Acy联合IFN序贯治疗组完全反应率（72．2％）明显高于单用IFN组（46．6％）．结论先用Acy降低患者血中HBVDNA含量。

炎琥宁联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿手足口病130例

目的观察阿昔洛韦联合炎琥宁治疗手足口病的疗效。方法将130例手足口病患儿分为两组,对照组用阿昔洛韦治疗,治疗组用阿昔洛韦加炎琥宁。结果治疗组有效率高于对照组。两组有效率(P<0.05)差异有显著性。结论阿昔洛韦联合炎琥宁治疗手足口病有明显效果,且炎琥宁为中成药,不良反应少,值得推荐。

脑胶质瘤基因治疗中丙氧鸟苷对细胞系的毒性分析

目的 :研究丙氧鸟苷 ( GCV)对 C6BPBAG脑胶质瘤细胞、psi2细胞、psi2 STK细胞的毒性。方法 :将 C6BPBAG脑胶质瘤细胞、psi2细胞、psi2 STK细胞分别在不同浓度 GCV的培养基中培养 ,观察以上 3类细胞对 GCV的毒性反应。结果 :在有效浓度 ( 0 .0 1～ 1 0 μmol·L-1 )中 ,GCV对C6BPBAG脑胶质瘤细胞、psi2细胞几乎无伤害 ,而经改造后的 psi2 STK细胞对 GCV毒性明显提高。结论 :通过体外实验证实由逆转录病毒载体 ( STK)传导的 HSV- TK基因 ,在培养的 C6胶质瘤细胞中 ,可提高 GCV对 psi2

丙种球蛋白联合阿昔洛韦治疗新生儿水痘的疗效观察

目的探讨丙种球蛋白联合阿昔洛韦治疗新生儿水痘的疗效。方法回顾性选取2013年1月至2020年10月广州医科大学附属市八医院收治的60例新生儿水痘患者,其中,30例给予阿昔洛韦治疗作为对照组,30例给予丙种球蛋白联合阿昔洛韦治疗作为观察组。比较两组退热时间、疱疹结痂时间、住院天数、疗效及满意度。结果观察组退热时间、疱疹结痂时间、住院天数均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组皮肤感染、呼吸道感染、心肌损害等并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疗效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组家属治疗满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丙种球蛋白联合阿昔洛韦可以有效降低并发症发生率,改善新生儿症状,提高疗效及满意度。