Effective Development of Enterprise Emergency Management under the New Policy of Safety Production

In recent years,China has formed a more perfect emergency management system,and has achieved more significant results.The form of safety production has maintained a continuous good development trend,showing the characteristics of"two declines,one being basically flat,and one zero occurrence".In order to further strengthen the implementation of production safety responsibilities and resolutely prevent and contain extremely major accidents,the recent national production safety teleconference deployed 15 measures to pay close attention to the implementation,seriously pursue accountability,adhere to the red line,and immediately carry out in-depth and solid production safety inspections across the country.In such a high pressure situation,the ways to effectively carry out the security management of enterprises were briefly described in this paper.

Snapshot Survey of the Presence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Products, Articles, and the Environment in Ecuador

The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)is a legally binding instrument for 186 Parties(status:April 2023).Accordingly,among other responsibilities,countries are obliged to report the production,import,or export of the POPs listed in Annexes A,B,or C;provide information to registers;maintain inventories;and monitor the presence of POPs in the environment.In the broader context of international chemicals and waste management,producer responsibilities,harmonized reporting,and compliance with national and international regulations,Ecuador has addressed the newly listed group of perfluorinated alkyl substances(PFAS)in its national implementation plan and sent selected products from its national market for PFAS analysis.The products analyzed came from the initially listed fields of specific exemptions and acceptable purposes,including:fire-fighting foams;photographic aids;greasers/degreasers;various kinds of paper/packaging;textiles;and leather,coatings,cleaners,metal plating,and pesticides.Our results showed that the three PFAS presently listed in the Stockholm Convention could be quantified in only a few samples;additional PFAS,not yet listed in the Convention also had low detection frequencies.Although the number of samples was limited,the samples covered a large spectrum of sample matrices,making it possible to conclude that—once these products become waste and are regulated under the Basel Convention—they would not constitute a disposal problem.Nevertheless,verification of the presence of PFAS in products on the market is expected to pose an analytical challenge for both,developed and developing countries.

Oxidation of emerging organic contaminants by in-situ H_(2)O_(2) fenton system

The existence and risk of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)have been under consideration and paid much effort to degrade these pollutants.Fenton system is one of the most widely used technologies to solve this problem.The original Fenton system relies on the hydroxyl radicals produced by Fe(Ⅱ)/H_(2)O_(2) to oxidize the organic contaminants.However,the application of the Fenton system is limited by its low iron cycling efficiency and the high risks of hydrogen peroxide transportation and storage.The introduction of external energy(including light and electricity etc.)can effectively promote the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycle and the reduction of oxygen to produce hydrogen peroxide in situ.This review introduces three in-situ Fenton systems,which are electro-Fenton,Photo-Fenton,and chemical reaction.The mechanism,influencing factors,and catalysts of these three in-situ Fenton systems in degrading EOCs are discussed systematically.This review strengthens the understanding of Fenton and in-situ Fenton systems in degradation,offering further insight into the real application of the in-situ Fenton system in the removal of EOCs.

Construction of the All-region Linkage System for Emergency Management of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety in West China

Quality and safety of agricultural products are significant for national socioeconomic development,sustainable development,and vital interests of people.To safeguard quality and safety of agricultural products in west China is to safeguard economic safety and ecological safety of the country,public health and social stability,of which an important task is to properly handle emergencies concerning quality and safety of agricultural products.Considering actual conditions of west China,suggestions are given to construct the all-region linkage system for emergency management of agricultural product quality and safety in the local area,enhance the all-region linkage,and improve the linkage efficiency.

Expansion of Technical Innovation and Demand Determines Production Organization Pattern in Strategic Emerging Industries——Taking Example of TFT-LCD Industry

Taking the evolution process of TFT-LCD industry as an example,this paper applied history-friendly model to analyze the effect of technology innovation and learning,and market demand growth and fluctuation on the evolution of production organization pattern in strategic emerging industries.Our research indicates that:(1) when market demand maintains linear growth,continuous technology innovation capabilities of vertically integrated enterprises in leading position of an industry are the key factor in deciding whether dominant production organization pattern will shift from vertical integration to specialization;(2) when market demand is in cyclical fluctuation,the technology learning capabilities of specialized enterprises in catch-up position are the key factor in deciding whether dominant production organization pattern will shift from vertical integration to specialization;(3) when market demand growth is under cyclical fluctuation,if the relative gap between technology innovation capabilities of vertically integrated enterprises and technology learning capabilities of specialized enterprises remains constant,the phase when industry cycle moves from trough to plateau is the best time window for specialized enterprises to catch up with and overtake vertically integrated enterprises.Hence,policy design supporting the development of strategic emerging industries should give full consideration to factors like market demand environment and technology innovation and learning capabilities of domestic enterprises.

Introduction to China’s Earthquake Emergency Response System

Following the M_(S)6.4 earthquake that occurred on May 21,2021 in Yangbi,Yunnan,China,the earthquake emergency response system(EERS)responded immediately.The real-time software delivered many seismic parameters that provided a preliminary assessment of the earthquake.The 24-hour on-duty staff and scientific researchers revised these parameters and produced more detailed reports to understand the cause of the earthquake and the potential damage,which provided valuable information for emergency rescue operations and earthquake situation assessment.Emergency personnel were dispatched immedia-tely to the earthquake site to observe the aftershocks,investigate the damage,and guide and assist in the relief efforts.This paper describes the EERS response to the Yangbi earthquake to demonstrate the characteristics of the system and discuss the potential for further improvement.

New trends Emerge in China's Mother & Baby Products Market

China’s market for products and services designed for mothers,infants and children,experienced emerging developments in retail channels,according to a recent Roland Berger publication titled'China’s MotherInfant-Childproducts Market Research Report'.

加快形成新质生产力的重大战略意义及实现路径研究

新质生产力是以大数据、云计算、人工智能、绿色低碳技术为代表的新技术与数智化机器设备、数智化劳动者、数字基础设施、海量数据、算力、新能源、新材料等新要素紧密结合的生产力新形态。从新质战斗力到新质生产力是理论与实践发展的新飞跃。加快形成新质生产力有助于促进科技水平实现质的飞跃,推动产业转型升级,提升资源配置效率,增强发展新动能新优势,实现经济高质量发展。加快形成新质生产力需要从以下方面发力:构建与新质生产力相适应的科技创新体制和制度环境;优化升级传统基础设施,完善新型基础设施,筑牢新质生产力的基础保障;以新型举国体制实施重大科技项目攻关,强化新质生产力的科技支撑;培育发展数据要素市场,构建适应新质生产力发展的数据要素产权制度体系;加快推动数字产业化和产业数字化转型升级,提升数字赋能新质生产力水平;加大新质生产力所需人才的培养力度,为形成新质生产力提供人力资源的强力支撑;强化金融“供血”功能,全面优化保障新质生产力发展的金融供给;加速构筑算力竞争优势,夯实发展新质生产力的算力基础;以绿色科技推动绿色经济发展,增强发展新质生产力的绿色动能。

新质生产力的内涵要义、发展要求和发展重点

以习近平同志为核心的党中央更加重视解放和发展生产力,前瞻性地谋划和部署发展新质生产力。本文结合学习习近平总书记关于发展新质生产力的重要论述,探讨了发展新质生产力的内涵要义,提出新产业、新业态、新模式、新服务是发展新质生产力的产业载体,并将新质生产力的发展要求概括为创新驱动、以人为本、绿色低碳、融合赋能和链网联动。在此基础上,揭示发展新质生产力的战略意义和现实作用,提出发展新质生产力的战略重点包括:完善人才脱颖而出和合理流动的激励机制,加快传统产业高端化、智能化、绿色化、融合化转型,推动科技主导的生产力软要素更好地赋能生产力实体性要素转型升级,创新拓展数字经济和新兴产业、未来产业等新领域新赛道,打造发展新质生产力的高位载体和服务平台。

元宇宙融合新质生产力的价值维度、实现困境及推进路径

元宇宙的发展为新质生产力的进步提供了诸多可能,二者融合在促进自身发展的同时,也为各行各业带来了新的发展机遇和挑战。一方面元宇宙为新质生产力提供了多元发展方向;另一方面新质生产力强化了元宇宙虚实融合的新动能。但在具体实现过程中会面临核心技术不足、缺乏融合理念、制度建设滞后、资本进入限制等困境。为此,应从加强技术研发与应用、重视人才培养与技术支持体系建设、完善法律法规与监管政策框架、创新资本来源等方面推进元宇宙与新质生产力融合。

新质生产力:一个理论框架与指标体系

新质生产力是习近平总书记2023年9月在黑龙江考察调研期间提出的一个全新概念。它以科技创新为关键核心,在最大程度释放人的创造性和保护生态环境的基础上,以战略性新兴产业和未来产业为支柱,构建现代化产业体系。本文从生产力三个构成要件对应性构建了衡量指标,提出了1-2-3-4的新质生产力理论框架,为后续生产力研究奠定了基础。“1”即一个关键核心,以科技创新为关键核心;“2”即两个根本原则,即最大程度释放人的聪明智慧原则和最大限度保护生态环境原则;“3”即三个基本要求,即低污染、低消耗、低投入;“4”即四个主要内容,即形成新的竞争优势、培育现代企业群体、构建现代产业体系和建立良好生态环境。并提出培育新质生产力的四个主要路径:一是优化人力资本结构;二是健全科技创新体制;三是完善现有产业体系;四是营造良好生态环境。

基于四“新”维度的新质生产力发展路径研究

新质生产力的发展是推动我国经济转型,实现高质量发展的关键。基于四“新”维度,新质生产力相较于传统生产力是依靠技术突破创新而产生的生产力跃迁,是以新劳动者、新劳动对象、新劳动工具和新基础设施为核心的生产力。新质生产力依靠科技推动的本质没有发生变化,但其依靠持续的技术突破,摆脱了资源驱动型的传统发展模式,带来的是更清洁、更高效的环境友好型发展模式。随着我国科技创新能力持续增强、新兴产业不断发展壮大、能源转型和新型基础设施建设的不断加快,我国新质生产力发展条件呈现出逐年向好的态势,但也存在新劳动者储备不足、新劳动工具发展受限、新劳动对象应用场景欠缺、新型基础设施协调性较差等问题。新质生产力的发展一是要着重培养新科技人才、数字技术人才和“卡脖子”关键技术人才;二是要以基础研究为依托,推动整体科技创新能力提升,以实现真正的技术突破;三是要尽快建立起数据大市场;四是要以需求为导向推动新型基础设施建设,强调建用并重,强化以用促建。

新质生产力的基本意涵、实现机制与实践路径

习近平总书记创造性地提出了“新质生产力”这一全新概念,随着新质生产力日渐成为产业变革和社会发展的重要驱动力,有必要对新质生产力的基本意涵、实现机制与实践路径进行研究。新质生产力是生产力要素全新质态的生产力,由新质劳动者、新质劳动资料、新质劳动对象构成,主要表现为以数字技术为基础的数字生产力、以低碳绿色为核心价值的绿色生产力、以发展海洋经济为主的蓝色生产力。新质生产力的持续催生,需要理念引领机制、动力机制、主体参与机制和保障机制共同发挥作用。当前及未来我国加速发展新质生产力,应不断调整生产关系以适应生产力的发展要求,协调好政府与市场的关系,夯实新质生产力的人才储备基础,壮大战略性新兴产业和未来产业。

人工智能驱动新质生产力形成的生成逻辑、运行机制与实践进路

新质生产力作为生产力发展的质变形态,体现了人工智能、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术对传统生产方式和生产关系的根本性变革。人工智能对生产力的质性重塑集中体现在劳动者、劳动资料和劳动对象三大生产力要素上,即强化劳动者的劳动能力,引领劳动资料智能化与数字化革新,拓展劳动对象的范围和边界。作为新一轮产业变革的核心驱动力,人工智能从微观、中观、宏观三个层面促进新质生产力的形成。在企业微观层面,人工智能通过劳动要素替代效应推动劳动力需求向高技能的“脑力化”转换、人机交互模式的生产协同性赋能企业智能制造水平的高效能跃升、自动化生产的智能运转促进资源配置效率优化等路径实现企业生产要素配置的智能化形塑;在产业中观层面,人工智能促进传统产业数实深度融合、赋能数字化战略性新兴产业实现乘数增长、规模化应用重构智能产业链和创新链等途径促进产业转型升级,实现产业结构的智能化进阶;在国家宏观层面,人工智能技术的加速发展与应用赋能国家治理体系建设,推动社会治理精准化、政府决策科学化、公共服务高效化,形成了一种与新质生产力相适应的新型生产关系,实现国家治理的智能化转型。在生成式人工智能技术进化加速的新形势下,我国应进一步加快推动人工智能驱动新质生产力形成。一是坚持科技自主创新,以人工智能优化生产要素。健全人工智能人才培养机制,培育高技能水平的新型劳动者;提升人工智能场景创新能力,促进科技创新成果广泛应用;加快人工智能关键技术攻关,充分激活数据要素乘数效应潜能。二是加速推进产业数实深度融合,以人工智能大力推进现代化产业体系建设。推动传统产业智能化改造,实现基础设施连接能力迭代;培育壮大战略性新兴产业,构建人工智能的产业生态圈;探索先行先试改革,前瞻布局未来产业。三是建立健全人工智能治理体系,助力国家创新体系建设提质增效。以数字政府建设驱动国家治理的智能化转型;以智能赋能推动市场经济体系提质增效;以智能化发展提升国家创新体系效能。

城市创新创业活力与新兴产业核心技术:空间极化、规模门槛与中介效应

城市新企业、新资本和新发明涌现是孕育新兴产业核心技术的活力源泉,对加快形成新质生产力具有重要意义。利用中国城市面板数据考察创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术的影响及作用机制。研究发现:(1)城市创新创业活力显著促进新兴产业核心技术数量提升,在考虑一系列稳健性检验后结论仍然成立。(2)创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在“边际递增”的城市规模门槛特征,而对邻近城市产生显著的抑制作用,存在“马太效应”和“虹吸效应”。(3)城市创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在区域和梯度异质性,不同地理位置和文化区的城市存在显著差异,而资源型城市、智慧城市和创新型城市的分组回归体现了梯度性特征。(4)创新创业活力通过提升城市多样性,特别是专业化部门的多样性程度,促进新兴产业核心技术数量增长。

安全生产的政府监管深度与多元政策调适

安全生产的政府监管存在治理深度与事故风险严重程度失衡与错位的问题,即监管政策应用中出现的对重大风险轻微处置、对轻微风险严苛规制的现象,这会导致政策实施的低效,不利于发展与安全的统筹,甚至诱发外延风险,带来社会问题。为把握地方政府安全生产监管与风险治理的内在逻辑,以需求溢出理论为观察视角,构建“公共风险—治理深度—监管效能”分析框架,并结合T市开展“包容审慎监管”的案例,依照差异化的事故风险定位监管深度,形成“审慎—包容”两种治理深度不同的监管政策,同时推行监管效能的内部调适政策,在安全生产的同时,也对执法措施冲击群体利益的公共风险予以有效化解。

水利新质生产力的内涵界定及发展路径研究

新质生产力是符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。由于水利的基础性、战略性特征,水利新质生产力有着深刻的内涵。从生产力理论出发,提出水利新质生产力具有水利产业、水利部门和水要素三重维度。在每个维度上,水利新质生产力具有不同的战略定位。在新发展阶段,水利新质生产力具有促进水利行业自身强、支撑高质量发展和构建新型生产关系的价值。分析了水利新质生产力的发展路径,提出必须大幅度提升水利创新能力,形成发展水利新质生产力的直接动力;强化水利人才队伍建设,形成发展水利新质生产力的原动力;推进水利科技产业建设,形成水利新质生产力的发展载体;强化水要素的刚性约束,夯实发展水利新质生产力的关键基础。

新质生产力与现代化产业体系建设

随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的兴起,数据等新型生产要素不断涌现,生产力发展进入新阶段。建设现代化产业体系,关键在于大力发展新质生产力。立足于中国式现代化和经济高质量发展的新时代需求,新质生产力不断引领生产方式、商业模式和发展动能发生根本性变革,对推动经济社会发展和构建现代化产业体系的作用愈发明显。发展新质生产力与构建现代化产业体系是相辅相成、相互促进的,现代化产业体系是新质生产力的根本依托,新质生产力是现代化产业体系建设的助推器。新质生产力代表了生产力发展的最新阶段和方向,体现了现代科技创新的高度集成与应用,是引领现代化产业体系建设的重要动力源泉。在现代化产业体系建设过程中,必须全面融入新质生产力,形成与之高度契合的产业结构、组织形式和生态系统。为更快形成新质生产力,构建现代化产业体系,应积极攻克关键核心技术,优化升级产业链供应链,改造提升传统产业,培育壮大战略性新兴产业和未来产业,大力发展数字经济。

新型产业用地的概念辨析与规划引导机制研究

新型产业用地是新质生产力的核心孵化和承载空间,是对当前产业用地体系的重要创新与补充,厘清新型产业用地的概念内涵并探究其规划引导机制,对规范与促进新型产业用地的规划管理具有重要意义。本文首先辨析了新型产业用地的学术概念和政策界定,从土地出让市场指标分析比较了江苏省新型产业用地与江苏省和全国工业用地在土地出让指标上呈现出的相对地块面积小、平均地价高、开发强度大等特征,并从相关实践做法中总结出其规划引导具有用地功能混合、准入要求复杂等特点,进而指出其在规划引导、用地监管机制、用地效益等方面存在的问题,最后结合政策导向和实践需求,从“人、地、时、空、钱、势”六个维度提出了推进新型产业用地规划引导机制优化的策略建议。

海洋新质生产力的内涵特征、发展路径与政策建议

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