Introduction:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the associated impact of adoption of adaptation options to climate change and variability on household food security in the Muger sub-basin of the upper Blue-Nile ...Introduction:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the associated impact of adoption of adaptation options to climate change and variability on household food security in the Muger sub-basin of the upper Blue-Nile of Ethiopia using a comprehensive data of 442 sampled households from four representative districts’in the sub-basin.The study used a propensity score matching approach to evaluate the impact of adaptation options on household food security.Results:Results show that the decision to adopt adaptation options is found to be positively influenced by male household heads,family size,access to extension service,the size of landholding,and frequency of drought and floods over the past many years.The results further reveal that farmers adopting any of the adaptation options had higher food calorie intake per day per adult equivalent than those who did not.Conclusions:A policy that promotes the adoption of soil and water conservation measures,small-scale irrigation,agronomic practices,and livelihood diversification strategies should be central to food security strategy in the study area.展开更多
The long-term field experiment data at four representative agro-meteorological stations, together with a crop simulation model, were used to disentangle the contributions of climate change, variety renewal, and fertil...The long-term field experiment data at four representative agro-meteorological stations, together with a crop simulation model, were used to disentangle the contributions of climate change, variety renewal, and fertilization management to rice yield change in the past three decades. We found that during 1981-2009 varieties renewal increased rice yield by 16%-52%, management improvement increased yield by 0-16%, and the contribu- tions of climate change to rice yield varied from - 16% to 10%. Varieties renewal and management improvement offset the negative impacts of climate change on rice production. Among the major climate variables, decreases in solar radiation reduced rice yield on average by 0.1% per year. The impact of temperature change had an explicit spatial pattern. It increased yield by 0.04%-0.4% per year for single rice at Xinbin and Ganyu station and for late rice at Tongcheng station, by contrast reduced yield by 0.2%- 0.4% per year for single rice at Mianyang station and early rice at Tongcheng station. During 1981-2009, rice varieties renewal was characterized by increases in thermal requirements, grain number per spike and harvest index. The new varieties were less sensitive to climate change than old ones. The development of high thermal require- ments, high yield potential and heat tolerant rice varieties, together with improvement of agronomic management, should be encouraged to meet the challenges of climate change and increasing food demand in future.展开更多
基金All data collection,data analysis,and write-up of the study were supported by Addis Ababa University,African Climate Change Fellowship ProgramDAAD in-country scholarship program.
文摘Introduction:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the associated impact of adoption of adaptation options to climate change and variability on household food security in the Muger sub-basin of the upper Blue-Nile of Ethiopia using a comprehensive data of 442 sampled households from four representative districts’in the sub-basin.The study used a propensity score matching approach to evaluate the impact of adaptation options on household food security.Results:Results show that the decision to adopt adaptation options is found to be positively influenced by male household heads,family size,access to extension service,the size of landholding,and frequency of drought and floods over the past many years.The results further reveal that farmers adopting any of the adaptation options had higher food calorie intake per day per adult equivalent than those who did not.Conclusions:A policy that promotes the adoption of soil and water conservation measures,small-scale irrigation,agronomic practices,and livelihood diversification strategies should be central to food security strategy in the study area.
基金This study was supported by the Science and Technology Strategic Pilot Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences （No. XDA05090308） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 31561143003 and 41571088）.
文摘The long-term field experiment data at four representative agro-meteorological stations, together with a crop simulation model, were used to disentangle the contributions of climate change, variety renewal, and fertilization management to rice yield change in the past three decades. We found that during 1981-2009 varieties renewal increased rice yield by 16%-52%, management improvement increased yield by 0-16%, and the contribu- tions of climate change to rice yield varied from - 16% to 10%. Varieties renewal and management improvement offset the negative impacts of climate change on rice production. Among the major climate variables, decreases in solar radiation reduced rice yield on average by 0.1% per year. The impact of temperature change had an explicit spatial pattern. It increased yield by 0.04%-0.4% per year for single rice at Xinbin and Ganyu station and for late rice at Tongcheng station, by contrast reduced yield by 0.2%- 0.4% per year for single rice at Mianyang station and early rice at Tongcheng station. During 1981-2009, rice varieties renewal was characterized by increases in thermal requirements, grain number per spike and harvest index. The new varieties were less sensitive to climate change than old ones. The development of high thermal require- ments, high yield potential and heat tolerant rice varieties, together with improvement of agronomic management, should be encouraged to meet the challenges of climate change and increasing food demand in future.
