Adaptive channel estimation based on pilot signals and transform-domain processing in SISO/MIMO OFDM systems

Based on the transform-domain characteristics of pilot signals,a band suppression filter is used as a transform-domain filter to restrain the interference of noise in channel estimation.The performance effect on channel estimation for an orthogonal frequency division multiplex （OFDM） system by different energy coefficients in the transform domain and the energy coefficient under the different signal-to-noise ratios （SNR） are also analyzed.A new energy coefficient expression is deduced.It is theoretically proven that dynamically selecting an energy coefficient can significantly improve the performance of channel estimation.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance close to the theoretic bounds of perfect channel estimation. The algorithm is adapted to single-input single-output （SISO） OFDM and multi-input multi-output （MIMO） OFDM systems.

Power optimization algorithm for OFDM underwater acoustic communication using adaptive channel estimation

An adaptive channel estimation algorithm for the channel length is proposed to construct a channel estimation model suitable for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)underwater acoustic communication signals for the dependence of traditional channel estimation algorithms on channel length information.This algorithm can be adopted to evaluate channel estimation quality in real time and to adaptively adjust the channel length of the channel estimation algorithm according to the evaluation result,which satisfies the need of accurate estimation of unknown underwater acoustic channels and communication application;based on the study on the relationship between the OFDM communication bit error rate and the subcarrier signal to noise ratio,a self-adjusting optimization scheme for OFDM subcarrier transmitting power is proposed,which realizes underwater communication with the low bit error rate through higher energy efficiency.The validity of the research content is verified through simulation and field experiments.

Adaptive Bit Loading Scheme with Semi-Blind Channel Estimation for OFDMSystems

An adaptive bit loading and power-allocation scheme is proposed in order to augment the performance of the system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM）, which is based on the maximum power margin. Coinciding with the adaptive loading scheme, a semi-blind channel estimation algorithm using subspace decomposition method is proposed, which uses the information in the cyclic prefix. An initial channel state information is estimated by using the training sequences with the method of interpolation filtering. The proposed adaptive scheme is simulated on an OFDM wireless local area network（WLAN） system in a time-varying channel. The performance is compared to the constant loading scheme.

AN EFFICIENT RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR ADAPTIVE OFDM CELLULAR SYSTEMS

This paper presents an efficient Radio Resource Management (RRM) strategy for adaptive Orthogo-nal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) cellular systems. In the proposed strategy, only those users who have the same distance from their base stations can reuse a same subcarrier. This can guarantee the received Carrier-to-Interference ratio (C/I) of each subcarrier to be acceptable as required by system planning. Then by employing different modulation scheme on each subcarrier according to its received C/I, system spectral effi-ciency can be gracefully increased. Analytical and simulation results show that the spectral efficiency is im-proved by 40% without sacrificing the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance and call blocking probability and sys-tem capacity of the proposed strategy is better than conventional systems.

TIME-FREQUENCY 2-D LMS BASED LONG-RANGE CHANNEL PREDICTION FOR WIRELESS OFDM SYSTEMS

Adaptive modulation can optimize the spectrum efficiency and system performance with the channel state information achieved by the long-range channel prediction. To avoid re-estimating channel correlation function as the channel stationarity varies and to track the channel adaptively, LMS （Least-Mean-Square） based long-range channel prediction is discussed in the existing literature, but it needs long observation interval to reach the convergence. Given that all OFDM （Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing） subcarriers have the identical time-domain correlation and stationarity during the same time interval, this paper proposed a 2-D LMS based predictor which updates the filter weights in both time and frequency domain. The proposed scheme can effectively decrease the observation intervals and significantly speed up the convergence than the conventional LMS and Parallel LMS （PLMS）. Complexity analysis and simulation results prove that the proposed scheme can improve the BER （Bit Error Rate） performance and spectrum efficiency with negligible complexity increase.

POWER ALLOCATION AND ADAPTIVE MODULATION STRATEGY FOR MIMO-OFDM SYSTEMS WITH IMPERFECT CSI

The presented scheme named M-CAP (Maximum CAPacity) uses the CSI (Channel State Information) and its statistics to deduce an equivalent channel according to which the transmit power is allocated to the subchannels. And then modulation scheme is determined adaptively according to the power allocated to each subchannel. The advantage of the M-CAP scheme is that it combines power allocation and adaptive modulation while maintaining a large capacity. We demonstrate by computer simulations that the proposed M-CAP scheme can significantly improve system performance compared with the traditional schemes.

A NOVEL ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM OF CPE CORRECTION FOR OFDM SYSTEMS

On the basis of the analysis of the effect of PHase Noise (PHN) and Common Phase Error (CPE) on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, a cost function is constructed. By the cost function and the idea of Least-Mean-Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, the adaptive algorithm for the correction of CPE is presented. The simulations have been performed to investigate the performance for tracking PHN and estimating CPE, the results show that the algorithm performs soundly.

基于排序码本的水声自适应OFDM通信中信道状态信息反馈研究

水声(UWA)信道时延扩展大等特点导致信道频响(CFR)快衰落,水声通信(UWAC)技术发展受到挑战。发射端获取有效可靠的信道状态信息(CSI)是自适应通信的前提,针对水声自适应正交频分复用(OFDM)通信的需求,该文提出基于排序码本的信道状态信息分组排序拟合反馈算法(CSI-GSFF),包括分组、排序、数据拟合3个步骤。该算法首先将相邻导频子载波分组,以组为反馈单元;然后对各组内的导频子载波按照信道增益值进行排序,以减轻水声信道频响快衰落造成的反馈开销大等不利影响;最后进行多项式拟合,排序操作有效地降低了拟合阶数。通过实测海试时变信道数据仿真,结果表明,该文提出的信道状态信息反馈算法能够基本达到完美信道状态信息情形下的水声自适应OFDM通信系统误码率性能,同时可以有效地减少反馈开销。

Time-domain clustered transmit power adaptation for OFDM system in fading channels

This paper proposes a time-domain clustered transmitter power adaptation scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, which can significantly reduce the feedback amount during power adaptation comparison with conventional frequency-domain adaptation schemes. It was found that the cluster size plays an important role on the adaptation performance, especially for the vehicular environment. Simulation results showed that using Lagrange interpolation to obtain an explicit curve of Doppler frequency vs cluster size yields good trade-off between the resulted bit error rate (BER) and the amount of feedback.

基于OFDM载波通信技术的变压器油色谱数据传输方法

由于常规的变压器油色谱数据传输方法未进行编码处理导致传输效果不佳,文章设计一种基于正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)载波通信技术的变压器油色谱数据传输方法。利用色谱分析仪获取数据,进行归一化处理和特征提取,以获取数据的关键信息,并对其进行编码。计算数据的覆盖范围,并根据覆盖情况制定合适的传输协议。在OFDM支持下评估信道质量,根据信道状况分配子载波,动态调整分配结果,计算传输频率,实现高效的数据传输。实验结果表明,该方法误码率低,传输效果较好。

宽带OFDM系统中的简化滤波查表预失真算法

为了解决宽带正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)系统中放大器有记忆非线性特性给系统带来的失真问题,提出了一种简化的滤波查表(simplified filter look-up table,S-FLUT)预失真方法。该方法由一个无记忆预失真器子系统串联一个自适应滤波器子系统构成,能有效解决放大器带来的失真问题,同时采用简化的自适应更新结构,可以弥补原滤波查表法反馈支路结构复杂、收敛精度低的缺点。

基于多簇模型的自适应OFDM系统信道预测方法

基于多簇宽带无线信道模型,提出了一种用于自适应正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的信道预测方法。利用无线传播环境中多径成簇到达的特征,将信道预测过程分成学习、估计和预测三个阶段,在通信开始阶段,通过发送大量导频得到簇的个数和时延参数,在通信过程中,根据簇参数对导频个数和图案进行自适应调整,结合自回归方法,预测未来信道变化。本方法可以降低导频使用量,提高系统频谱利用效率,其预测性能通过蒙特卡洛仿真得到了验证。

QC-LDPC码在OFDM-IDMA系统中的性能研究

为了寻求一个从多址接入技术、调制技术到纠错编码方案等方面,满足下一代无线移动通信高速率、高可靠性需求的整系统解决方案,设计了一种新的基于准循环的LDPC(quasi cyclic low density parity check codes,QC-LDPC)编码的OFDM-IDMA(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-interleave division multiple access)系统,在高斯白噪声信道下分别从编码码率及帧长2个方面对该系统进行了研究与分析,并与基于卷积码编码的OFDM-IDMA系统的性能进行了比较。仿真结果表明:这种新系统能够获得更大的编码增益和提供更高品质的通信服务,非常适合未来移动通信中高可靠性、高速率数据传输业务的需求。

改进的OFDM系统自适应资源分配算法

在自适应正交频分复用(OFDM:Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)系统中,传统迭代注水功率分配(IWFP:Iterative Water-Filling Power)算法对星座规模量化程度要求过高,实际应用性不强。为此,在发射总功率和系统误码率上限恒定的条件下,提出了一种基于IWFP算法的改进算法。该算法在IWFP算法基础上进行了比特和功率分配的二次调整,算法更加符合系统调制的星座规模和实际发射需求。仿真结果表明,在误比特率(BER:Bit Error Rate)为10-4时,改进算法对信噪比的要求比IWFP算法高约3 dB,比未经自适应调制的OFDM系统功率比特分配算法即等功率分配算法(EPA:Equalization Power Algorithm)低8 dB,接近于系统的最优性能,且运算复杂度不高。

自适应Turbo-OFDM系统性能研究

分析了多径衰落信道下Turbo编码OFDM系统特性,推导出OFDM系统中Turbo码的译码算法,确定平均信噪比是影响系统性能的重要参数;研究了译码迭代次数对Turbo-OFDM系统的影响,提出一种自适应Turbo-OFDM系统方案,可以兼顾译码性能和译码速度,得到较低的平均误比特率和较高的平均译码速度。仿真结果说明,在平坦慢衰落信道下,采用该文提出的OFDM系统中Turbo码译码算法,不损失性能的同时,降低了对信道估计精度的要求;对于目标误比特率为10时,采用自适应Turbo-OFDM系统方案,与固定迭代4次的方案相比,平均误比特率降低了33%,提高了系统-4性能;而与固定迭代8次的方案相比,迭代次数降低了约1/3,提高了译码速度。

一种自适应跨层空间子信道分配算法——基于多用户MIMO/OFDM系统

MI MO/OFDM是未来宽带无线通信接口的有效架构。本文提出了一种自适应跨层空间子信道分配算法,在多用户MI MO/OFDM系统中,联合链路层截短ARQ(T-ARQ)技术,以获取物理层最大的系统吞吐量为目标,推导了子载波分配准则,并给出了相应的算法流程。仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的性能,有效地提高了系统的传输速率。

高速窄带OFDM电力线通信实时动态频谱分配

动态频谱分配应用于实际电力线通信系统面临分配策略、实时算法等诸多挑战,到目前为止还未见有公开报道。定义并设计了一个实际的基于正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)的高速窄带电力线通信系统构架,并提出一种适用于该系统的动态频谱分配策略和对应的实时实现算法。该算法在任一种调制方式下将子载波进行分组,并对各个子载波组的功率进行排序,选择可用的子载波组,根据速率最大化准则确定最优的调制方式并分配功率。该算法与Hughes-Hartogs算法相比,具有较低的运算复杂度和较少的信令开销,与传统的等功率分配方式相比,误码性能更好。仿真结果和实验结果证明了该算法的有效性和优越性。

基于SAMP重构算法的OFDM系统稀疏信道估计方法

为了提高OFDM系统稀疏信道估计的精度和减少导频子载波的数目,本文将OFDM系统频率选择衰落信道时域稀疏冲激响应的参数估计问题转化为压缩感知理论中在稀疏度未知及存在噪声干扰情形下复数稀疏信号的重构问题,提出了分别基于基追踪降噪(BPDN)和稀疏度自适应匹配追踪(SAMP)的两种OFDM系统稀疏信道估计方法。在导频数和信噪比均相同的情形,与传统的最小二乘法(LS)、匹配追踪-最小二乘法(MP-LS)的信道估计方法相比,仿真结果表明所提出的两种方法无须将信道的稀疏度作为先验知识,并具有归一化均方误差小和误比特率低的优点。在所提出的两种方法中,基于SAMP的方法比基于BPDN的方法具有运行速度快、性能更接近Cramer-Rao界的优点,且导频子载波仅为系统子载波的12.5%,信噪比约大于10dB时,采用基于SAMP的方法在信道稀疏度未知的情形也能获得满足实际应用的误比特率。

存在信道相关时V-BLAST OFDM系统的功率分配算法

针对存在信道相关及信道估计误差的V-BLAST OFDM系统,提出一种以误比特率为优化目标的自适应功率分配算法。采用基于波束成形的去相关方法降低系统相关性以提升系统性能。发送端在总功率约束条件下,以瞬时误比特率(BER)为优化目标,采用拉格朗日极值法得到自适应功率分配矩阵。仿真结果表明,该算法结合去相关方法可提升V-BLAST OFDM系统的BER性能,且随着信噪比的增大,性能提升明显。

面向OFDM接收机的一种自适应自动增益控制策略

针对大动态范围、高峰均比的OFDM信号,提出了一种新的自适应自动增益控制(AGC)策略.本策略采用具有混合增益补偿系数的平均绝对误差自动增益控制结构,并增加了可编程的绝对能量误差参考门限,实现了灵活的多步长增益补偿机制.同时,考虑到低功耗设计的要求,AGC电路可以给出增益调整成功标志信号.此外,该算法具有良好的可扩展性.