Lattice structure adaptive IIR notch filter based on least square kurtosis

A new variable step-size algorithm for a second-order lattice form structure adaptive infinite impulse response （IIR） notch filter to detection and estimation frequency of sinusoids in Gaussian noises is proposed. Utilizing least square kurtosis of output signals as a cost function, the new gradient-based algorithm to update frequency of the adaptive IIR notch filter and the new variable step-size algorithm are given. The computer simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better ability in suppressing colored Gaussian noises and better accuracy in estimating parameters at low SNR than previous algorithms.

IMPROVED FXLMS ALGORITHM BASED ON ADAPTIVE NOTCH FILTER APPROACH

An improved algorithm is presented to identify the secondary path based on the adaptive notch filter approach. Since the interference from the narrow band excitation signal is suppressed by the adaptive notch filter, the convergent speed of the on-line control path identification process is significantly improved. As a result, the controller performance is greatly enhanced. Besides the algorithm development, some important factors, such as the influence of reference signal on the controller convergent speed, are also discussed. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by experimental results.

A novel algorithm of adaptive IIR lattice notch filter and performance analysis

A novel adaptive algorithm of IIR lattice notch filter realized by all-pass filter is presented. The time-averaged estimation of cross correlation of the present instantaneous input signal and the past output signal is used to update the step-size, leading to a considerably improved convergence rate in a low SNR situation and reduced steady-state bias and MSE. The theoretical expression for steady-state bounds on the step-size is derived, and the influence factors on the stable performance of the algorithm theoretically are analyzed. A normalized power factor is then introduced to control variation of step-size in its steady-state bounds. This technique prevents divergence due to the influence of large power input signal and improves robustness. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate superiority of the proposed method.

Multi-Frequency Interference Detection and Mitigation Using Multiple Adaptive IIR Notch Filter with Lattice Structure

Radio Frequency Interferences (RFI), such as strong Continuous Wave Interferences (CWI), can influence the Quality of Service (QoS) of communications, increasing the Bit Error Rate (BER) and decreasing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in any wireless transmission, including in a Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-S2) receiver. Therefore, this paper presents an algorithm for detecting and mitigating a Multi-tone Continuous Wave Interference (MCWI) using a Multiple Adaptive Notch Filter (MANF), based on the lattice form structure. The Adaptive Notch Filter (ANF) is constructed using the second-order IIR NF. The approach consists in developing a robust low-complexity algorithm for removing unknown MCWI. The MANF model is a multistage model, with each stage consisting of two ANFs: the adaptive IIR notch filter Hl(z) and the adaptive IIR notch filter HN(z), which can detect and mitigate CWI. In this model, the ANF is used for estimating the Jamming-to-Signal Ratio (JSR) and the frequency of the interference (w(0)) by using an LMS-based algorithm. The depth of the notch is then adjusted based on the estimation of the JSR. In contrast, the ANF HN(z) is used to mitigate the CW interference. Simulation results show that the proposed ANF is an effective method for eliminating/reducing the effects of MCWI, and yields better system performance than full suppression (kN=1) for low JSR values, and mostly the same performance for high JSR values. Moreover, the proposed can detect low and high JSR and track hopping frequency interference and provides better Bit error ratio (BER) performance compared to the case without an IIR notch filter.

BER of OFDM System with Multiple NBI Rejection Cascade Complex Coefficient Adaptive IIR Notch Filter

In this paper, rejection of multiple narrowband interferers in a binary phase shift keying modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (BPSK-OFDM) system is investigated. The BPSK-OFDM system in consideration operates in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. A cascade complex coefficient adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filter with gradient-based algorithm is used to reject the interferers. Bit error ratio (BER) performance of the system is studied and a general closed-form expression is derived assuming negligible steady-state leakage NBI and by estimating the decision variable as Gaussian distributed based on Central Limit Theorem (CLT). Dependence of the BER performance on the notch bandwidth coefficient is demonstrated by the analysis. Extensive simulation results are included to substantiate accuracy of the analysis.

TIME-VARYING AR MODELING AND ADAPTIVE IIR NOTCH FILTER FOR ANTI-JAMMING DSSS RECEIVER

Using Time-Varying AR (TVAR) model and adaptive notch filter is a new method for the non-stationary jammer suppression in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS). The performance of TVAR model for Instantaneous Frequency (IF) estimation will be affected by some factors such as basis functions. Focusing on this problem, the optimal basis function of TVAR model for the IF estimation of the LFM signal is obtained in this paper. Besides the depth and width of notching, the phase properties of notch filter affect the Signal-to-Interference plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) of correlation output to the narrowband jammer suppression in DSSS, in response to the problem the closed solution of correlation output SINR improvement has been derived when a single frequency jammer passes through direct IIR notch filter, and its performance has been compared with those of five coefficient FIR filters. Later, a novel method for LFM jammer suppression based on Fourier basis TVAR model and direct IIR notch filter is proposed. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

基于ANF的共直流母线OW-PMSM低次谐波抑制研究

针对共直流母线开绕组永磁同步电机(OW-PMSM)非线性因素引起的低次谐波,采用基于最小均方(LMS)算法的自适应陷波器(ANF)对系统中3次、5次、7次谐波进行抑制。首先,分析了OW-PMSM中低次谐波产生的机理;然后,借助Matlab/Simulink探讨了120°解耦调制策略消除逆变器侧调制引起的零序电流,研究了ANF提取系统中相应频次的谐波,将提取的电流谐波补偿到电流环中;再次,抑制了由非线性因素等引起的低次谐波;最后,仿真及试验结果表明,采用ANF后系统中3次、5次、7次谐波含量明显降低。

驱动高速开关的无刷直流电机SMO-ANF-DTC方法

无刷直流电机具有高效率和低噪声优点,在高速开关(high speed switch,HSS)的驱动方面具有良好的应用前景,但是电机转矩脉动会影响高速开关的稳态和动态调控性能。为此,研究了一种基于优化滑模观测器-自适应陷波器-直接转矩控制(SMO-ANF-DTC)的转矩脉动抑制方法。通过构建外环速度环和内环电流环的双闭环控制提升系统的精确度和抗干扰能力;在直接转矩控制基础上加入优化滑模观测器和自适应滤波器,进行电机驱动的谐波抑制。该控制方法在进行转矩脉动抑制的同时,提升了电机控制的精度和稳定性。通过仿真对比了传统控制策略与提出控制策略的相电流波形和转矩波形,在使用SMO-ANF-DTC控制方法后,相电流输出波形与转矩波形顶部的波动明显减少。结果表明所提出的控制策略能够提升电机的性能。

Adaptive removal of power-line interference from high resolution ECG

The paper presents a novel approach to adaptive removal of power-line interference, taken to be at 50 Hz, from high resolution ECG sampled at 1 KHz. ECG data consists of 12 lead data. Each of the 12 leads contains power line interference at the time of acquisition. So power line interference needs to be removed from each lead. An approach that uses the power spectral density over the range of interest is used to determine the exact frequency of the interfering component and filter coefficients for the desired notch filter are determined using an interpolation technique.

基于改进自适应陷波的双馈风电场时变次同步振荡抑制策略

双馈风电场经串补电容并网时,可能引发次同步控制相互作用(subsynchronous control interaction,SSCI),严重威胁系统安全稳定运行。通过在风机控制器中引入陷波器可有效阻断SSCI,然而固定参数陷波器难以适应实际系统中次同步振荡表现出的频率大范围时变特征。为解决这一问题,该文提出一种基于改进自适应陷波(adaptive notch filter,ANF)的双馈风电场时变次同步振荡抑制策略。首先,分析ANF安装于风机转子侧变流器(rotor-side converter,RSC)不同位置时对次同步振荡分量的阻断效果,确定ANF的最佳安装位置;其次,基于紧缩技术近似投影子空间跟踪算法(projection approximation subspace tracking based on the deflation technique,PASTd)在线获取次同步振荡信息,提出总体控制架构,设计基于量测数据辨识的ANF中心频率更新策略;最终,在考虑风速、风机台数、无功出力、电网拓扑变化等多种影响因素的情况下,验证控制策略对频率时变次同步振荡的抑制效果。与现有方法相比,所提控制策略不依赖于系统的准确数学模型,且具备较强的鲁棒性和适应性。

低计算量的窄带ANC算法优化及实车DSP系统试验分析

车内主动噪声控制中常使用的传统滤波-x最小均方(Filtered-x Least Mean Square,FxLMS)算法由于计算复杂度高,往往导致系统硬件算力不足,降噪效果不理想。文章提出一种基于改进局部次级通路建模方法的自适应陷波(Local-secondary-path Filtered-x Least Mean Square,LFxLMS)算法及其相应的窄带主动噪声控制(LFxLMS-based Narrowband Active Noise Control,LFx-NANC)系统。所提出的改进局部次级通路建模方法具有更高的建模精度,且该系统相较于传统系统大大降低了计算复杂度。通过基于Matlab软件的仿真分析,验证了该系统对稳态及非稳态多谐波噪声的降噪性能。基于ADSP-21489控制器搭建车内双通道LFx-NANC系统,实现了在稳态工况下主驾位置处二、四、六阶降噪量分别达到34.67、21.41、10.29 dB(A);在加速工况下主驾位置处总声压级和二阶降噪量分别达到6.01 dB(A)和20.40 dB(A),同时在其他位置均有较好的降噪效果。文中提出的方法为主动噪声控制的工程应用提供了参考。

基于自适应陷波与重复控制的主动磁悬浮轴承系统谐波振动抑制

由转子质量不平衡和传感器跳动引起的谐波振动是磁悬浮转子系统中的主要扰动。为了抑制这些干扰,提出了一种基于重复控制和可变相位自适应陷波反馈的谐波振动抑制的复合控制方法。首先通过建立磁悬浮转子系统模型,分析了不同干扰振动力的产生机理。然后,设计了插入式重复控制器,抑制传感器跳动引起的谐波振动,利用自适应陷波滤波器在线提取同频信号自适应补偿不平衡,通过改变不同频率下的相位角来保持系统的稳定性,并对同频位移刚度进行补偿,使系统在较宽的速度范围内自抑制谐波振动。最后,通过仿真和实验对提出的控制方法进行了验证。实验结果表明,一次、三次和五次谐波振动分别减少94.4%,90.4%和85.9%,采用所提出的复合控制方法可以有效抑制谐波振动。验证了所提控制方法的有效性。

基于ANF-PLL的电网电压基波正负序分离方法

为了满足并网变流器在电网电压不对称情况下的控制需求,需要快速准确地提取出基波正负序分量的幅值和相位。在电网电压不对称时,负序分量会在同步参考坐标系锁相环(phase locked loop based on synchronization reference frame,SRF-PLL)的dq轴分量中产生2倍工频波动,影响基波分量和相位的提取结果。该文通过将自适应陷波器(adaptive notch filter,ANF)加入到同步参考坐标系锁相环的结构中,提出了一种能够实现正负序分量分离的自适应陷波器锁相环(phase locked loop with ANF,ANF-PLL)方法。该方法利用ANF陷波器的2个相互正交的输出量分别抵消电网电压dq轴分量中由于负序分量造成的2倍工频波动,以此消除了电网电压不对称对同步信号检测的影响,并且可以同时提取出基波负序分量的幅值和相位。与其它方法相比,该方法无需进行正负序解耦或瞬时对称分量分离,在单同步参考坐标系下实现了基波正负序分量的分离提取,结构更加简单,减少了计算量。实验结果表明,文中提出的方法能够在电网电压不对称与频率变化的情况下准确提取出基波正负序分量的幅值与相位,并且具有良好的动态性能。

基于RVM和ANF的电压暂降检测识别

提出了一种基于关联向量机和自适应陷波器的电压暂降检测识别方法。通过一自适应陷波器,快速完成电压暂降特征检测(包括持续时间、幅值、相位跳变等),并从其输出提取出9个暂降关键特征信息。采用关联向量机分类模型对提取的特征信息进行训练与识别。仿真算例证明,该法快速有效完成电压暂降分类,识别出故障、电机启动和变压器激磁引起的三种电压暂降,精度高、实时性好,可应用于电能质量实时监测系统。

主被动结合的弹性高超声速飞行器鲁棒自适应控制

针对高超声速飞行器轻质材料和细长体构型引起的显著气动伺服弹性问题,提出了一种主被动结合的鲁棒自适应控制方法。首先,通过引入辨识性能评价和监测机制设计复合自适应参数辨识方法,并给出滤波估计策略,实现弹性振动频率与弹性模态的高效在线估计。其次,采用奇异摄动理论将刚弹一体化模型分解为刚弹子系统,针对弹性子系统,基于频率辨识值构建级联型自适应陷波器实现被动陷波抑制,并结合模态估计值设计主动反馈控制保证弹性模态的稳定收敛;针对刚体子系统,设计基于有限时间滑模扰动观测器的鲁棒跟踪控制,综合两个子系统的控制量得到最终升降舵偏转。最后,通过仿真验证了该方法能够有效保证气动伺服弹性影响下高超声速飞行器的弹性抑制和刚体控制性能。

压电微动台数据驱动迭代前馈补偿与自适应抑振

为消除压电驱动柔性微定位平台高精控制对平台不确定动力学模型的依赖性,提出了一种数据驱动无模型迭代前馈补偿和自适应陷波滤波结合的控制方法来提高平台的跟踪性能。首先,建立了数据驱动无模型迭代前馈控制器,提高系统对噪声和其他干扰的鲁棒性,同时,证明了在无模型迭代前馈作用下,连续参考输入跟踪误差的有界性和闭环系统的稳定性;其次,构建了自适应陷波滤波器来消除平台谐振的影响,对误差信号进行快速傅里叶变换,并设计谐振频率在线提取算法,实现对陷波滤波器参数的在线实时整定,来进一步提升轨迹跟踪精度;最后,利用所设计的无模型迭代前馈控制器和自适应陷波滤波器对压电微动台进行轨迹跟踪实验。实验结果表明:在跟踪三角波信号时,与单独比例-积分(Proportional Integral,PI)控制和结合自适应陷波滤波器的PI控制相比较,最大跟踪误差分别减小78.25%和70.83%,能够有效提升平台的稳定性和跟踪精度。

基于ANF和VS-DFE的科氏流量计频率跟踪方法

自适应陷波滤波器(ANF)对科氏流量计信号频率的持续跟踪精度不高。综合基于Steiglitz-Mcbride系统辨识方法(SMM)的新式ANF收敛速度快和变步长直接频率估计(VS-DFE)计算量小的优势,提出一种两者交替工作的科氏流量计频率跟踪方法。给出了该方法基本思想、原理分析和实现步骤,实验分析了其主要性能。结果表明,该方法兼具新式ANF收敛速度快、短时频率跟踪精度高和VS-DFE持续跟踪频率缓变能力强的特点,比常用的格型ANF方法收敛速度快、跟踪精度高,比单一采用新式ANF计算更为简便、持续跟踪能力更好。

电网畸变不平衡条件下基于MAF-ANF的谐波检测方法研究

有源电力滤波器(Active Power Filter,APF)补偿电流检测环节对其补偿性能有着重要的影响。三相电网电压不对称且畸变时,传统的p-q法和i_p-i_q法无法准确实现对负荷综合补偿。为此文中引入基于滑动平均滤波器-自适应陷波滤波器(MAF-ANF)的方法实现对非理想电网电压条件下网侧电压的处理,得到平衡无畸变的电网电压,并对负载电流处理,得到准确的基波电流正序分量。然后对传统p-q法进行改进,得到了基于MAF-ANF的谐波检测方法,该方法较传统方法谐波检测精度提高,取得了更好的补偿效果。最后通过Simulink仿真证明了在非理想电网电压条件下所提检测算法的正确性和有效性。

自适应Notch滤波器在阵列信号处理中的应用

为了不增大阵列尺度采用信号处理方法得到高分辨率的波束指向性,首先利用Notch滤波器的"离线重构"实现窄带波束形成,进而结合其瞬时相位估计方法,研究了基于自适应Notch滤波器的恒定束宽波束形成技术,利用信号处理方法将矢量传感器阵列接收的低频窄带信号转化为具有指向性的较高频率波束,并采用虚拟阵元技术消除波束栅瓣的影响,给出了实际应用中具体的信号处理方法。仿真和湖试验证表明这种基于自适应Notch滤波器的恒定束宽波束形成方法是合理可行的。最后,针对适应实时信号处理的要求提出将这种方法与目标自动跟踪系统相结合的改进方向。