Radon-Nikodym Theorem of Signed Additive Fuzzy Measure

This is subsequent of , by using the theory of additive fuzzy measure and signed additive fuzzy measure , we prove the Radon_Nikodym Theorem and Lebesgue decomposition Theorem of signed additive fuzzy measure.

Signed Additive Fuzzy Measure

In this paper, we introduce the concept of signed additive fuzzy measure on a class of fuzzy sets, then, on certain condition, a series of decomposition theorems of signed additive fuzzy measure are proved.

New Problems of Boiler Corrosion after Coupling Combustion of Coal and Biomass and Anti-Corrosion Technologies

This study explores the corrosion issues arising from the coupled combustion of coal and biomass and proposes potential solutions.Biomass,as a renewable energy source,offers advantages in energy-saving and carbon reduction.However,the corrosive effects of alkali metal compounds,sulfur(S)and chlorine(Cl)elements in the ash after combustion cannot be underestimated due to the high volatile content of biomass fuels.We investigate the corrosion mechanisms,as well as the transfer of Cl and alkali metal elements during this process.Comparative corrosion analyses are conducted among coal-fired boilers,pure biomass boilers and boilers with coupled combustion.Various biomass types in co-firing are studied to understand different corrosion outcomes.The main factors influencing corrosion include the physicochemical properties of biomass feedstock,furnace temperature and heating surface materials,with the chemical composition and ash content of biomass playing a dominant role.Currently,the methods used for anti-corrosion include water washing pretreatment of biomass feedstock,application of novel alloys and coatings and the development of additives to inhibit fouling,ash deposition and corrosion.Efficient inhibitors are economical and easy to produce.Additionally,biomass can be converted into biomass gasification gas,although challenges related to tar still need to be addressed.

The mean correcting martingale measures for exponential additive processes

The mean correcting martingale measure for the stochastic process defined as the exponential of an additive process is constructed. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of mean correcting martingale are also obtained. The investigation of this paper will establish a unified way that is applicable both to the case of Ldvy processes and that of the sums of independent random variables. As an application, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions that the discounted stock price process is a martingale.

Using Non-Additive Measure for Optimization-Based Nonlinear Classification

Over the past few decades, numerous optimization-based methods have been proposed for solving the classification problem in data mining. Classic optimization-based methods do not consider attribute interactions toward classification. Thus, a novel learning machine is needed to provide a better understanding on the nature of classification when the interaction among contributions from various attributes cannot be ignored. The interactions can be described by a non-additive measure while the Choquet integral can serve as the mathematical tool to aggregate the values of attributes and the corresponding values of a non-additive measure. As a main part of this research, a new nonlinear classification method with non-additive measures is proposed. Experimental results show that applying non-additive measures on the classic optimization-based models improves the classification robustness and accuracy compared with some popular classification methods. In addition, motivated by well-known Support Vector Machine approach, we transform the primal optimization-based nonlinear classification model with the signed non-additive measure into its dual form by applying Lagrangian optimization theory and Wolfes dual programming theory. As a result, 2n – 1 parameters of the signed non-additive measure can now be approximated with m (number of records) Lagrangian multipliers by applying necessary conditions of the primal classification problem to be optimal. This method of parameter approximation is a breakthrough for solving a non-additive measure practically when there are relatively small number of training cases available (mn-1). Furthermore, the kernel-based learning method engages the nonlinear classifiers to achieve better classification accuracy. The research produces practically deliverable nonlinear models with the non-additive measure for classification problem in data mining when interactions among attributes are considered.

Pseudometric Generating Property of Fuzzy Measures Convergence in Fuzzy Measure

The relations among three kinds of structural characteristics of fuzzy measure: (1) pseudometric generating property; (2) pseudometric generating property of type p; (3) null null additivity, and the convergence for sequence of measurable function on semi continuous fuzzy measure space are discussed. A set of equivalent conditions for each of these structural characteristics are presented, respectively. It is proved that null null additivity is equivalent to pseudometric generating property for a finite fuzzy measure on S compact space.

The Effect of Cerium Dioxide (CeO_2) in an Anti-corrosion and Self-lubricating Coating

The effect of cerium dioxide(CeO_2)as an additive on the structure and properties of a melting type coating has been studied by means of microhardness measurement,scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis. The results show that cerium dioxide can modify the microstructure and tribological properties of the coating. Model LIC-23 composite coating which contains CeO_2 performs well as a self-lubricating coating in hydrochloric acid solution.

Nikodým-Type Theorems for Lattice Group-Valued Measures with Respect to Filter Convergence

We present some convergence and boundedness theorems with respect to filter convergence for lattice group-valued measures. We give a direct proof, based on the sliding hump argument. Furthermore we pose some open problems.

Determination of Surface Roughness in Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing Based on Laser Vision Sensing

Wire and arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) shows a great promise for fabricating fully dense metal parts by means of melting materials in layers using a welding heat source. However, due to a large layer height produced in WAAM, an unsatisfactory surface roughness of parts processed by this technology has been a key issue. A methodology based on laser vision sensing is proposed to quantitatively calculate the surface roughness of parts deposited by WAAM.Calibrations for a camera and a laser plane of the optical system are presented. The reconstruction precision of the laser vision system is verified by a standard workpiece. Additionally, this determination approach is utilized to calculate the surface roughness of a multi-layer single-pass thin-walled part. The results indicate that the optical measurement approach based on the laser vision sensing is a simple and effective way to characterize the surface roughness of parts deposited by WAAM. The maximum absolute error is less than 0.15 mm. The proposed research provides the foundation for surface roughness optimization with different process parameters.

A review on stress determination and control in metal-based additive manufacturing

Metal additive manufacturing(MAM)is an emerging and disruptive technology that builds three-dimensional(3D)components by adding layer-upon-layer of metallic materials.The complex cyclic thermal history and highly localized energy can produce large temperature gradients,which will,in turn,lead to compressive and tensile stress during the MAM process and eventually result in residual stress.Being an issue of great concern,residual stress,which can cause distortion,delamination,cracking,etc.,is considered a key mechanical quantity that affects the manufacturing quality and service performance of MAM parts.In this review paper,the ongoing work in the field of residual stress determination and control for MAM is described with a particular emphasis on the experimental measurement/control methods and numerical models.We also provide insight on what still requires to be achieved and the research opportunities and challenges.

Stability of [BMIM]HSO_4 for using as additive during zinc electrowinning from acidic sulfate solution

The stability of ionic liquid additive 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate （[BMIM]HSO4） during zinc electrowinning from acidic sulfate solution was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with the traditional industrial additives, gelatine and gum arabic, [BMIM]HSO4 has more excellent chemical and thermal stabilities. The inhibition effects of gelatine and gum arabic on the zinc electrocrystallization are observed to markedly weaken due to their part degradation after 12 h longtime successive electrolysis and high temperature （90 ℃） treatments. In contrast, the activity of [BMIM]HSO4 is practically unaffected after 24 h longtime successive electrolysis and high temperature treatments. These results are corroborated with the corresponding morphological analysis of the cathodic deposits.

Population-Based and Personalized Design of Total Knee Replacement Prosthesis for Additive Manufacturing Based on Chinese Anthropometric Data

At present,most total knee replacement(TKR)prostheses on the market are designed according to the sizes of Caucasians.However,extensive studies have indicated that human anatomies differ among different ethnicities.A number of reports have indicated that Chinese TKR patients do not match with available prostheses.In this study,computed tomography(CT)images of 52 knees of Chinese men and women were used for anthropometric measurements.Index and geometric measurements were definedand used for correlation analysis.Key parameters from the measurement results were identified.Detailed geometries of knees were measured as coordinates.A deformable three-dimensional(3D)knee modelbased on anatomical coordinates correlating with the identified key parameters was generated.A pros-thesis was then designed according to the analyzed results.Surface matching analysis,bone resectionanalysis,and cadaveric trials were conducted and compared with commercial products to validate theproposed design.The femoral component designed by this study resulted in the highest accuracy(rootmean square point-to-surface(RMS PS),(1.08±0.20)mm)and lowest amount of resected bone volume(27412mm^(3))in comparison with two commercial knee prostheses.This study suggests a new approachfor population-based patient-specific femoral prosthesis design With a single,easilty acquired dimen-sion-namely,epicondyle width(ECW)-as input,a patient-specific femoral prosthesis can be designed according to the analyzed measured data and manufactured by additive manufacturing(AM)methods.Meanwhile,the reconstructed femoral condylar surface was compared with the femoral condylar surfacein the original CT scanning data The average RMS PS distance of the reconstructed femoral condylar surface among all data was(1.10±0.18)mm,which is comparable to other statistical shape modeling methods using multiple radiographs as input data.There is a need to develop an anthropometric-based knee prosthesis for the Chinese population.Based on the anthropometry of the Chinese population,our new design fits Chinese patients better and reserves more bone volume compared with current commercial prostheses,which is an essential step toward AM for personalized knee prostheses.

APPROXIMATION OF ADDITIVE FUNCTIONALS OF THE SYMMETRIC HUNT PROCESSES AND ITS APPLICATION

Approximate theorem of positive continuous additive functionals is discussed and then used to give a d-dimensional analogue to the representation of additive functiouals of one-dimensional Brownian Motion with respect to local time.

构造物理化学的理论纲要和应用前景

构造物理化学是地质力学在“构造结合建造”领域兴起的研究方向,发展为探讨构造作用过程中岩石物理变化与化学变化相关性的交叉学科领域。针对“构造力能否影响化学平衡”的地球科学难题,作者开展矿田地质构造的深入研究,进行构造力影响压力的探索。构造应力场可以分解为两部分:一部分是应力差,使岩石发生变形;另一部分是平均应力部分,即各向相等的正压应力状态,使岩石体积变化。后者称为“构造附加静水压力”。“构造附加静水压力”叠加在其地质作用引起的压力之上,改变该点的压力并影响其他物理化学条件,由此控制成岩成矿地球化学过程。构造物理化学是研究“构造力改变物理化学条件进而影响化学过程”,即研究构造引起的构造附加压力、温度等物理化学条件及其控制物理化学过程的领域。构造物理化学和“成矿深度构造校正”等理论方法预测胶东金矿深部存在“第二富集带”已得到证实,为胶东成为全球第三大金矿区提供了理论和方法方面的支撑。经过30多年科研和找矿实践,构造物理化学产生了广泛学术影响;中国地质学会地质力学专业委员会1996年设立“构造物理化学专业学组”,中国地球物理学会2018年批准成立“构造物理化学专业委员会”。构造物理化学需继续深入研究的问题有:构造附加静水压力问题,构造作用影响温度问题,构造作用改变岩石物理性质问题,构造作用影响地质P-T相图问题,还要发展“构造结合建造”的构造变形岩相观测研究方法等。构造物理化学在地壳异常压力和地壳深部压力状态、构造对油气的驱动和圈闭问题、成岩成矿深度的构造校正测算和隐伏矿床预测、超高压变质带的“构造增压壳内成因”问题、煤变形-变质作用的物理化学条件、临界成矿的热力学分析、地震灾害流体对于岩石系统的构造物理化学约束以及构造变形岩相基础上的地球物理勘查等方面推广应用已取得长足进展,且具有广阔的发展前景。

增材制造小缺陷的显微CT检测

通过高精度金属增材制造技术设计制造了两组不同类型的缺陷试件,并基于显微CT检测技术和缺陷解剖金相检测方式,研究显微CT对增材制造小缺陷的实际检测能力。试验结果表明,显微CT在体素尺寸5μm下能有效检出尺寸为20μm的人工缺陷;金相检测与CT检测结果基本一致,缺陷尺寸测量差小于10μm;由于部分体积效应的影响,更小尺寸缺陷的尺寸测量结果误差更大。

基于Choquet模糊积分的煤矿安全投入经济效益评价

为提高煤矿企业的经济效益,合理安排各项安全投入,构建一种解决指标间相关性的模型。首先,剖析基于安全投入的经济效益的影响因素,在此基础上构建一套较为科学合理的结构指标体系;其次,利用熵权法确定各个指标的权重;然后,针对指标之间存在的相关性,基于安全投入结构,引入熵权-基于2-可加模糊测度的Choquet模糊积分模型,计算经济效益评价值;最后,选取某煤矿进行实证分析,验证所构建模型的可行性和有效性。结果表明:所构建的模型比逼近理想解排序(TOPSIS)法更具有可靠性;该模型考虑指标之间相互影响、相互关联情况,能够得到较为准确、科学的评价结果。

基于红外成像的FDM打印轨迹测量及质量评价方法

熔融沉积型(fused deposition modeling, FDM)增材制造是一个热加工过程,打印温度与运行精度的研究是2个相对独立的方向,红外成像中高温熔丝的形状信息通常得不到有效的利用,无法在温度监控的同时对打印设备的实时运行状态进行检测。提出了一种基于红外成像的FDM打印轨迹测量及质量评价方法,采用红外相机对FDM打印机的热加工过程进行连续测量,通过建立打印机系统坐标系与相机世界坐标系的位姿解算模型,以及动态帧间红外特征匹配的全局相机运动位姿解算模型,实现了对末端喷嘴运行位姿的实时测量,得到了精确的打印轨迹信息。在此基础上,建立了空间打印轨迹与红外图像中高温熔丝间的物像映射关系,并在图像域对打印过程中的典型缺陷进行了质量评价,其中图像处理平均耗时为25.9 ms,红外相机位姿测量的重投影误差为0.7像素,正常打印状态下,系统计算得到的理想打印轨迹与红外图像内高温区域的平均交并比为0.61。实验结果表明,该方法能够对打印过程中出现的模型错位、出料异常等典型问题进行准确识别,为打印质量在线评价的相关研究提供了一种新的解决途径。

基于红外激光积分球的硅探测器响应非线性研究

0.9μm是我国高温标准光电和辐射法热力学温度测量的主要工作波段之一,因此对该波段下滤光片辐射计的非线性的研究十分重要。基于单相干光源双光路的光通量倍增法设计并搭建了硅探测器光谱响应非线性测量系统,利用双紫外熔融石英分光镜实现光通量的调控,通过积分球使探测器视场被完全充满,提高入射光在探测器光敏面作用区域的重复性,采用高吸收光阱避免光通量调控过程中的多次反射。实验通过切换中性密度滤波片来实现对光电流范围扩展,表征了0.9μm滤光片辐射计在1.6×10-8~8×10-6 A光电流范围内的非线性,单次测量的非线性值为-8.7×10-5~4.8×10-5,单次测量结果标准不确定度优于3.7×10-4,累积测量的非线性值为-2.7×10-4,标准不确定度优于7.6×10-4。

Action mechanism of antioxidation and anticorrosion and molecular design for perfluoropolyether fluid additives (Ⅱ)——Synthesis and measurement of N-substituted perfluoropolyalkylether phenyla-mide

Three kinds of the antioxidation and anticorrosion additives from the N-substituted per-fluoropolyalkylether phenylamide (PFPEA) were selected and synthesized. UV and IR spectral analyses were carried out, and strong absorption peaks of UV from benzene ring are about 240.7, 215.4 and 230.1 nm, respectively. The characteristic peaks of IR from the C=O are about 1713.9, 1712.2 and 1710.8 cm-1, respectively. The antioxidant and anticorrosive property was tested for the three synthesized additives. The results show that the weight loss of lubrication oil can decrease by 1/7, 1/9 and 1/25 respectively after adding synthesized additives. The thermal decomposition temperature(TD) in the presence of AI2O3 can increase by 19-22℃. From theoretic and experimental study it indicates that the PFPEAs with nitrogen heteroatom not only accepts electron from perfluoropolyalkylether oxygen radical (RfO.) to form a stable adduct and to prevent RfO. decomposing further, but also donates electron to form chemical adsorption film and to protect metal from corrosion. These additives have shown the better property of the antioxidation and anticorrosion. An electron-releasing group, or phenyl group, introduced to the N-atom of this kind of compound can improve the antioxidant and anticorrosive efficiency of the additives.

食品添加剂使用安全与合规性问题初探

随着国民经济的高速增长,人们自身生活水平和饮食结构产生较大的变化。食品添加剂可以更好地丰富食物的口感、色泽,延长食品保质期等,但长时间食用食品添加剂会对人体造成较大的伤害。在此情况下,部分企业需要控制好食品添加剂的剂量,在保障安全的前提下合理合规使用食品添加剂。在使用食品添加剂前需要做好层层审批工作,并且也要做好全过程监督管理工作,更好地保障加工食物的质量和安全性,遵循并符合相应的法律法规。基于此,本文主要分析食品添加剂使用不科学的原因,提出食品添加剂安全和合规性使用措施,以期为部分人员提供参考。