免疫出生错误(inborn errors of immunity,IEI)是由遗传因素导致免疫结构或功能障碍所致的一类疾病,可累及固有免疫和适应性免疫。2022年IEI新分类包含485种IEI,分为十大类疾病。近年来随着分子生物学的快速发展,许多IEI的具体发病机制...免疫出生错误(inborn errors of immunity,IEI)是由遗传因素导致免疫结构或功能障碍所致的一类疾病,可累及固有免疫和适应性免疫。2022年IEI新分类包含485种IEI,分为十大类疾病。近年来随着分子生物学的快速发展,许多IEI的具体发病机制得以揭示,使得基因治疗在该类疾病的临床前和临床研究成为可能。该文综述基因治疗在IEI中的研究和应用,以进一步提高临床医生对IEI诊治的认知。展开更多
Human cells contain two types of adenosine deaminases(ADA)each with unique properties:ADA1,which is present in all cells where it modulates intracellular functions and extracellular signaling,and ADA2,which is secrete...Human cells contain two types of adenosine deaminases(ADA)each with unique properties:ADA1,which is present in all cells where it modulates intracellular functions and extracellular signaling,and ADA2,which is secreted by immune cells.The exact intracellular functions of ADA2 remain undetermined and less defined than those of ADA1.ADA2 has distinct characteristics,such as low adenosine affinity,heparin-binding ability,and putative lysosomal entry.Here,we confirm that ADA2 is a lysosomal protein that binds toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)agonists,specifically CpG oligodeoxynucleotides(CpG ODNs).We show that interferon-alpha(IFN-α)is secreted in response to TLR9 activation by CpG ODNs and natural DNA and markedly increases when ADA2 expression is downregulated in plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs).Additionally,the pretreatment of pDCs with RNA further stimulates IFN-αsecretion by pDCs after activation with CpG ODNs.Our findings indicate that ADA2 regulates TLR9 responses to DNA in activated pDCs.In conclusion,decreasing ADA2 expression or blocking it with specific oligonucleotides can enhance IFN-αsecretion from pDCs,improving immune responses against intracellular infections and cancer.展开更多
目的分析中国人群腺苷脱氨酶2缺乏症(deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2,DADA2)致病基因频率,为有效开展中国人群DADA2的防控和干预工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年1月于北京智因东方转化医学研究中心有限公司进行全...目的分析中国人群腺苷脱氨酶2缺乏症(deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2,DADA2)致病基因频率,为有效开展中国人群DADA2的防控和干预工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年1月于北京智因东方转化医学研究中心有限公司进行全外显子组测序的11.1万例原始数据,对ADA2基因致病和可能致病性突变进行携带者筛查,分析ADA2基因杂合突变的类型和等位基因频率。结果发现29种ADA2基因致病和可能致病性杂合突变,其中6种[c.730G>T(p.E244X)、c.1049_c.1061 delAGCTGCCTTACTT(p.K350Tfs*14)、c.940A>T(p.K314X)、c.1239+2(IVS8)T>C、c.1240-1(IVS8)G>A、c.1087C>T(p.Q363X)]既往未见报道,等位基因累计频率为0.58%。人群基因频率最高的为p.F355L(0.5%),其次为p.Y453C(0.014%)和p.P193L(0.013%),其他26种位点均小于0.01%,为罕见突变位点。结论通过筛查丰富了ADA2基因突变谱,明确了中国地区人群的ADA2基因突变的携带率约1/171,推测中国人群的DADA2患病率约1/116964。展开更多
PTPN22 has been previously found associated with coronary artery disease(CAD). In the present note we have studied the effect of p53 codon 72,acid phosphatse locus 1(ACP1) and adenosine deaminase(ADA) genetic polymorp...PTPN22 has been previously found associated with coronary artery disease(CAD). In the present note we have studied the effect of p53 codon 72,acid phosphatse locus 1(ACP1) and adenosine deaminase(ADA) genetic polymorphism on the strength of association between PTPN22 and CAD. We have studied 133 non diabetic subjects with CAD,122 non diabetic cardiovascular patients without CAD and 269 healthy blood donors. Informed written consent was obtained from all subjects and the study was approved by the Ethical Committee. A high significant association between PTPN22 and CAD is observed in carriers of *A allele of ACP1 with a higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to controls and to non diabetic subjects with cardiovascular diseasewithout CAD. A similar pattern is observed in carriers of *Pro allele of p53 codon 72 with a higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to other groups. A highly significant association between PTPN22 and CAD is observed in carriers of ADA2 *2 allele with higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to other group. There is a high significant correlation between the number of factors that contributes to increase the strength of association between PTPN22 *T and CAD and the proportion of *T carriers in CAD. ACP1,p53 codon 72 and ADA are involved in immune reaction and give an important additive contribution to the strength of association between PTPN22 and CAD. This study stresses the importance of the simultaneous analysis of multiple genes functionally related to a specific disease: the approach may give important hints to understand multifactorial disorders.展开更多
目的探究乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者肝脏正常组织和癌组织中腺嘌呤转变为次黄嘌呤(adenine to inosine,A-to-I)RNA编辑活性的影响。方法从基因表达数据库(gene expression omnib...目的探究乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者肝脏正常组织和癌组织中腺嘌呤转变为次黄嘌呤(adenine to inosine,A-to-I)RNA编辑活性的影响。方法从基因表达数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)收集28套成对正常组织和癌组织的转录组数据,分为HBV阴性正常组织(HBV-N)组、HBV阴性癌组织(HBV-T)组、HBV阳性正常组织(HBV+N)组和HBV阳性癌组织(HBV+T)组。用SPRINT软件进行位点鉴定后,从催化酶表达水平、位点编辑水平和位点所在基因的基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)富集通路层面进行分析。结果在正常组织和癌组织中均发现HBV感染时腺苷酸脱氨酶1(adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1,ADAR1)表达水平更高。癌组织中HBV阳性样本的A-to-I RNA编辑水平上升,正常组织中则无此现象。两类组织中HBV阳性样本编辑基因显著富集在细胞增殖、基因调控相关信号通路。结论HBV感染上调ADAR1的表达,从而改变宿主编辑事件活性,这对HCC的发生发展可能有促进作用。展开更多
文摘免疫出生错误(inborn errors of immunity,IEI)是由遗传因素导致免疫结构或功能障碍所致的一类疾病,可累及固有免疫和适应性免疫。2022年IEI新分类包含485种IEI,分为十大类疾病。近年来随着分子生物学的快速发展,许多IEI的具体发病机制得以揭示,使得基因治疗在该类疾病的临床前和临床研究成为可能。该文综述基因治疗在IEI中的研究和应用,以进一步提高临床医生对IEI诊治的认知。
文摘Human cells contain two types of adenosine deaminases(ADA)each with unique properties:ADA1,which is present in all cells where it modulates intracellular functions and extracellular signaling,and ADA2,which is secreted by immune cells.The exact intracellular functions of ADA2 remain undetermined and less defined than those of ADA1.ADA2 has distinct characteristics,such as low adenosine affinity,heparin-binding ability,and putative lysosomal entry.Here,we confirm that ADA2 is a lysosomal protein that binds toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)agonists,specifically CpG oligodeoxynucleotides(CpG ODNs).We show that interferon-alpha(IFN-α)is secreted in response to TLR9 activation by CpG ODNs and natural DNA and markedly increases when ADA2 expression is downregulated in plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs).Additionally,the pretreatment of pDCs with RNA further stimulates IFN-αsecretion by pDCs after activation with CpG ODNs.Our findings indicate that ADA2 regulates TLR9 responses to DNA in activated pDCs.In conclusion,decreasing ADA2 expression or blocking it with specific oligonucleotides can enhance IFN-αsecretion from pDCs,improving immune responses against intracellular infections and cancer.
文摘PTPN22 has been previously found associated with coronary artery disease(CAD). In the present note we have studied the effect of p53 codon 72,acid phosphatse locus 1(ACP1) and adenosine deaminase(ADA) genetic polymorphism on the strength of association between PTPN22 and CAD. We have studied 133 non diabetic subjects with CAD,122 non diabetic cardiovascular patients without CAD and 269 healthy blood donors. Informed written consent was obtained from all subjects and the study was approved by the Ethical Committee. A high significant association between PTPN22 and CAD is observed in carriers of *A allele of ACP1 with a higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to controls and to non diabetic subjects with cardiovascular diseasewithout CAD. A similar pattern is observed in carriers of *Pro allele of p53 codon 72 with a higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to other groups. A highly significant association between PTPN22 and CAD is observed in carriers of ADA2 *2 allele with higher proportion of *T allele carriers in non diabetic subjects with CAD as compared to other group. There is a high significant correlation between the number of factors that contributes to increase the strength of association between PTPN22 *T and CAD and the proportion of *T carriers in CAD. ACP1,p53 codon 72 and ADA are involved in immune reaction and give an important additive contribution to the strength of association between PTPN22 and CAD. This study stresses the importance of the simultaneous analysis of multiple genes functionally related to a specific disease: the approach may give important hints to understand multifactorial disorders.
文摘目的探究乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染对肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者肝脏正常组织和癌组织中腺嘌呤转变为次黄嘌呤(adenine to inosine,A-to-I)RNA编辑活性的影响。方法从基因表达数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)收集28套成对正常组织和癌组织的转录组数据,分为HBV阴性正常组织(HBV-N)组、HBV阴性癌组织(HBV-T)组、HBV阳性正常组织(HBV+N)组和HBV阳性癌组织(HBV+T)组。用SPRINT软件进行位点鉴定后,从催化酶表达水平、位点编辑水平和位点所在基因的基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)富集通路层面进行分析。结果在正常组织和癌组织中均发现HBV感染时腺苷酸脱氨酶1(adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1,ADAR1)表达水平更高。癌组织中HBV阳性样本的A-to-I RNA编辑水平上升,正常组织中则无此现象。两类组织中HBV阳性样本编辑基因显著富集在细胞增殖、基因调控相关信号通路。结论HBV感染上调ADAR1的表达,从而改变宿主编辑事件活性,这对HCC的发生发展可能有促进作用。