Research progress and application prospect of functional adhesive materials in the field of oil and gas drilling and production

By summarizing the composition,classification,and performance characterization of functional adhesive materials,the adhesion mechanisms of functional adhesive materials,such as adsorption/surface reaction,diffusion,mechanical interlocking,and electrostatic adsorption,are expounded.The research status of these materials in oil and gas drilling and production engineering field such as lost circulation prevention/control,wellbore stabilization,hydraulic fracturing,and profile control and water plugging,and their application challenges and prospects in oil and gas drilling and production are introduced comprehensively.According to the applications of functional adhesive materials in the field of oil and gas drilling and production at this stage,the key research directions of functional adhesive materials in the area of oil and gas drilling and production are proposed:(1)blending and modifying thermoplastic resins or designing curable thermoplastic resins to improve the bonding performance and pressure bearing capacity of adhesive lost circulation materials;(2)introducing low-cost adhesive groups and positive charge structures into polymers to reduce the cost of wellbore strengthening agents and improve their adhesion performance on the wellbore;(3)introducing thermally reversible covalent bond into thermosetting resin to prevent backflow of proppant and improve the compressive strength of adhesive proppant;(4)introducing thermally reversible covalent bonds into thermoplastic polymers to improve the temperature resistance,salt-resistance and water shutoff performance of adhesive water shutoff agents.

Preliminary Application of Combinatorial Measurement and Regression Analysis Method to High Precision Instrumental Analysis

With determination micro-Fe by 1, 10-phenanthroline spectrophotometry for example, they are systematically introduced the combinatorial measurement and regression analysis method application about metheodic principle, operation step and data processing in the instrumental analysis, including: calibration curve best linear equation is set up, measurand best linear equation is set up, and calculation of best value of a concentration. The results showed that mean of thrice determination , s = 0 μg/mL, RSD = 0. Results of preliminary application are simply introduced in the basic instrumental analysis for atomic absorption spectrophotometry, ion-selective electrodes, coulometry and polarographic analysis and are contrasted to results of normal measurements.

High precision patternable liquid metal based conductor and adhesive substrate enabled stretchable hybrid systems

Stretchable hybrid systems have been attracting tremendous attention for their essential role in soft robotics,on-skin electronics,and implantable devices.Both rigid and soft functional modules are typically required in those devices.Consequently,ensuring stable electrical contact between rigid and soft modules is a vital part.Here,we propose a simple,universal,and scalable strategy for the stretchable hybrid system through a highly precise printable liquid metal particle-based conductor and adhesive fluorine rubber substrate.The properties of liquid metal particle-based conductors could be easily tuned to realize high-precision patterning,large-scale printing,and the ability to print on various substrates.Additionally,the fluorine rubber substrate could form strong interfacial adhesion with various components and materials through simply pressing and heating,hence enabling stable electrical contact.Furthermore,we prepared a stretchable hybrid light-emitting diode(LED)display system and employed it in on-skin visualization of pressure levels,which perfectly combined rigid and soft modules,thus demonstrating the promising potential applications in complex multifunctional stretchable hybrid systems for emerging technologies.

Research of Digital Manufacturing Technology Application on Ultra-precision Optical Workpiece Machining

Digital manufacturing technology can be used in optical field to solve many problems caused by traditional machining. According to the characters of digital manufacturing and the practical applications of ultra-precision machining,the process of digital ultra-precision machining and its technical contents were presented in this paper. In the conclusions,it was stated that the digitalization of ultra-precision machining will be an economical and efficient way for the production of new sorts of optical workpieces.

Influence of adhesive layer properties on laser-generated ultrasonic waves in thin bonded plates

This paper studies quantitatively the generation of Lamb waves in thin bonded plates subjected to laser illumination, after considering the viscoelasticity of the adhesive layer. The displacements of such plates have been calculated in the frequency domain by using the finite element method, and the time domain response has been reconstructed by applying an inverse fast Fourier transform. Numerical results are presented showing the normal surface displacement for several configurations： a single aluminum plate, a three-layer bonded plate, and a two-layer plate. The characteristics of the laser-generated Lamb waves for each particular case have been investigated. In addition, the sensitivity of the transient responses to variations of material properties （elastic modulus, viscoelastic modulus, and thickness） of the adhesive layer has been studied in detail.

Natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogel for biomedical applications

Hydrogel is a polymer network system that can form a hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure through different cross-linking methods.In recent years,hydrogels have received considerable attention due to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability by introducing different cross-linking mechanisms and functional components.Compared with synthetic hydrogels,natural polymer-based hydrogels have low biotoxicity,high cell affinity,and great potential for biomedical fields;however,their mechanical properties and tissue adhesion capabilities have been unable to meet clinical requirements.In recent years,many efforts have been made to solve these issues.In this review,the recent progress in the field of natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels is highlighted.The authors first introduce the general design principles for the natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels being used as excellent tissue adhesives and the challenges associated with their design.Next,their usages in biomedical applications are summarised,such as wound healing,haemostasis,nerve repair,bone tissue repair,cartilage tissue repair,electronic devices,and other tissue repairs.Finally,the potential challenges of natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels are presented.

Using chaos to improve measurement precision

If the measuring signals were input to the chaotic dynamic system as initial parameters, the system outputs might be in steady state, periodic state or chaos state. If the chaotic dynamic system outputs controlled in the periodic states, the periodic numbers would be changed most with the signals. Our novel method is to add chaotic dynamic vibration to the measurement or sensor system.The sensor sensitivity and precision of a measurement system would be improved with this method. Chaotic dynamics measurement algorithms are given and their sensitivity to parameters are analyzed in this paper. The effects of noises on the system are discussed.

Benchmarking Approach to Compare Web Applications Static Analysis Tools Detecting OWASP Top Ten Security Vulnerabilities

To detect security vulnerabilities in a web application,the security analyst must choose the best performance Security Analysis Static Tool(SAST)in terms of discovering the greatest number of security vulnerabilities as possible.To compare static analysis tools for web applications,an adapted benchmark to the vulnerability categories included in the known standard Open Web Application Security Project(OWASP)Top Ten project is required.The information of the security effectiveness of a commercial static analysis tool is not usually a publicly accessible research and the state of the art on static security tool analyzers shows that the different design and implementation of those tools has different effectiveness rates in terms of security performance.Given the significant cost of commercial tools,this paper studies the performance of seven static tools using a new methodology proposal and a new benchmark designed for vulnerability categories included in the known standard OWASP Top Ten project.Thus,the practitioners will have more precise information to select the best tool using a benchmark adapted to the last versions of OWASP Top Ten project.The results of this work have been obtaining using widely acceptable metrics to classify them according to three different degree of web application criticality.

Advanced Irrigation Engineering： Precision and Precise

Irrigation advances in precision irrigation （PI） or site specific irrigation （SSI） have been considerable in research; however, commercialization lags. SSI/PI has applications when soil texture variability affects soil water holding capacity or when crop yield or biotic stresses （insects or diseases） are spatially variable. SSI/PI uses variable rate application technologies, mainly with center-pivots or lateral-move or linear irrigation machines, to match crop needs or soil water holding constraints. Variable rate applications are achieved by variable nozzle flow rates, pulsing nozzle flows, or multiple nozzles on separate submains. Newer center pivot and linear machines are controlled by on-board microprocessor systems that can be integrated with supervisory control and data acquisition controllers for both communication and control of the variable rate application for specific sets of nozzles or individual nozzles for management zones. Communication for center pivot or linear controllers typically uses radio telemetry, wireless interact links, or cellular telephones. Precision irrigation has limited utility without precise irrigation scheduling （temporally and spatially）. Plant or soil sensors are used to initiate or complete an irrigation event. Automated weather stations provide site information for determining the irrigation requirement using crop models or simpler reference evapotranspiration （ET）, data to be used with crop coefficients. Remote sensing is being used to measure crop water status or crop development from spectral reflectance. Near-surface remote sensing with sensors mounted on moving irrigation systems provide critical spatial integration from point weather networks and feedback on crop ET and irrigation controls in advanced automated systems for SSI/PI.

A Comprehensive Method for Evaluating Precision of Transfer Alignment on a Moving Base

In this study, we propose the use of the Degree of Alignment(DOA) in engineering applications for evaluating the precision of and identifying the transfer alignment on a moving base. First, we derive the statistical formula on the basis of estimations. Next, we design a scheme for evaluating the transfer alignment on a moving base, for which the attitude error cannot be directly measured. Then, we build a mathematic estimation model and discuss Fixed Point Smoothing(FPS), Returns to Scale(RTS), Inverted Sequence Recursive Estimation(ISRE), and Kalman filter estimation methods, which can be used when evaluating alignment accuracy. Our theoretical calculations and simulated analyses show that the DOA reflects not only the alignment time and accuracy but also differences in the maneuver schemes, and is suitable for use as an integrated evaluation index. Furthermore, all four of these algorithms can be used to identify the transfer alignment and evaluate its accuracy. We recommend RTS in particular for engineering applications. Generalized DOAs should be calculated according to the tactical requirements.

A Review: Natural Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Applications

As the mimic biology becomes more and more important in the field of technology, superhydrophobic materials in the natural world have also become common. Superhydrophobic surfaces are used to prevent water droplets from wetting themselves which contain the micro- and nano-structures named hierarchical surfaces and exhibit the high water contact angles (WCA) that are greater than 150˚and perfect application foreground in both our daily lives and industry. In this work, we first discuss several surface properties and their numerical models. And then we list the surface properties of a variety of natural superhydrophobic surfaces and sum up their similarities and differences. The most recent strategies of how to apply natural superhydrophobic surfaces are also introduced within the past several years. In addition, we talk about the limitations of the current generation of superhydrophobic surfaces and prospects which looks for solutions to the problems. This review aims to enable researchers to learn more about the principles and mechanisms of superhydrophobicity and perceive the new methods for creating and modifying it.

Correlation between Chemical Glass Components and the Glass Sticking on Sputtered PtIr Physical Vapour Deposition Coatings for Precision Blank Moulding

The increasing demand on high quality optical systems with complex geometries, low tolerances and a low installation space necessitates new replicative production systems for complex optical glass elements. The technology precision blank moulding shows promising properties to comply with these demands on an industrial bulk production. Due to the required high surface quality and low surface roughness of produced optical elements, moulding dies must have comparable low roughness and defect-free surfaces. To reduce wear and chemical interaction with the hot glass, moulding dies are often coated with a thin sputtered physical vapour deposition (PVD) coating. The objective of this research work was to analyze the diffusion behaviour inside different industrially used low-Tg (transformation point) glasses and their interaction with three different noble metal coating systems during an application oriented heating test. Therefore, three different PtIr coating systems with different interlayers (50 nm nickel as reference, 20 nm chromium, without interlayer) were deposited and tested in combination with six different industrially used low-Tg glasses. Using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) a diffusion of the light alkali and alkaline earth metals (sodium, potassium, calcium) was detected. The interaction between glass and coating was analyzed by EDS, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The different chemical compositions of the glasses have a significant influence on the interaction between glass and coating system. Several correlations between the chemical composition of the glasses and the amount of glass adhesion on the three coating systems were identified. The percentage of ions allocated to network modifiers lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide correlates with the intensity of the interaction between coating and glass. The intensity of glass adhesion on the reference coating system PtIr/Ni is related with the zinc content in the glasses. Due to a diffusion process of the nickel interlayer, a direct correlation between the zinc content in the glasses and glass adhesion exists. The coating system with chromium interlayer showed comparable results to the system without interlayer.

Atomically precise copper nanoclusters as ultrasmall molecular aggregates:Appealing compositions,structures,properties,and applications

Metal nanoclusters(NCs)are ultrasmall molecular aggregates consisting of dozens to hundreds of metal atoms consolidated by organic ligands,which represent an emerging area of nanoscience.Amide a myriad of metal NCs,copper NCs(CuNCs)comprise a low-cost,high-value subclass that has attracted great attention.The variable copper cores and diversity of protecting ligands have rendered CuNCs interesting molecular aggregates featuring structural and compositional versatility,hence showing distinctive properties and potential applications.In the present review,we have summarized the progress on atomically precise CuNCs that exhibit a range of appealing properties and applications in different fields.This review is expected to provide not only an overview of the current development on atomically precise CuNCs,but also possible directions for the future design of novel CuNCs for fundamental studies and practical applications.

基于形色筛选的苹果园羽化害虫粘连图像分割方法

针对苹果园害虫识别过程中的粘连问题,提出了一种基于形色筛选的害虫粘连图像分割方法。首先,采集苹果园害虫图像,聚焦于羽化害虫。害虫在羽化过程中已完成大部分生长发育,其外部形态、颜色、纹理更为稳定显著。因此,基于不同种类害虫的形色特征信息分析,来获取害虫HSV分割阈值和模板轮廓。其次,利用形状因子判定分割粘连区域,通过颜色分割法和轮廓定位分割法来实现非种间与种间粘连害虫的分割。最后,对采集的苹果园害虫图像进行了试验分析,采用基于形色筛选的分割法对单个害虫进行分割,结果表明,本文方法的平均分割率、平均分割错误率和平均分割有效率分别为101%、3.14%和96.86%,分割效果优于传统图像分割方法。此外,通过预定义的颜色阈值,本文方法实现了棉铃虫、桃蛀螟与玉米螟的精准分类,平均分类准确率分别为97.77%、96.75%与96.83%。同时,以Mask R-CNN模型作为识别模型,平均识别精度作为评价指标,分别对已用本文方法和未用本文方法分割的害虫图像进行识别试验。结果表明,已用本文方法分割的棉铃虫、桃蛀螟和玉米螟害虫图像平均识别精度分别为96.55%、94.80%与95.51%,平均识别精度分别提高16.42、16.59、16.46个百分点。这表明该方法可为果园害虫精准识别提供理论和方法基础。

中重度宫腔粘连应用中医临床决策系统效果分析

[目的]探讨中医临床决策系统在治疗中重度宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion,IUA)中的应用及效果。[方法]采用随机对照试验进行前瞻性研究,选择2022年1月至12月在杭州市某三级甲等中医院行宫腔镜下子宫粘连松解术的中重度IUA患者,根据是否通过中医优势病种临床决策系统进行辨证论治分为对照组(51例)、决策系统组(53例)、临床医师组(54例),比较3组患者治疗前后月经量改善、美国生育协会(American Fertility Society,AFS)评分、子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流参数、中医伴随症候疗效。[结果]治疗后3组患者月经量比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组均有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者宫腔AFS评分比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组显著下降(P<0.01),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者子宫内膜厚度显著增加,子宫内膜血流参数显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但治疗前后组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者中医伴随症候疗效比较,临床医师组较对照组、决策系统组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组与决策系统组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]中医临床决策系统用于中重度IUA的治疗可显著改善患者月经量,降低术后AFS评分,防止粘连再发生。

“精准滴灌式”党员教育管理模式在高校学生社区中的实践运用

当前,高校要推进“一站式”学生社区综合管理工作必须紧紧围绕党建引领,将党建文化、专业学习、校园文化等内容充分融入到社区管理和活动之中,使学生社区切实成为融思想教育、行为导向、生活服务、文化熏陶为一体的“第二课堂”主阵地和学校立德树人的新高地。近年来,韶关学院积极探索“精准滴灌式”党员教育管理模式在高校学生社区的实践运用,尤其在强化党建引领、优化社区软硬件设施建设、凸显学生自我管理的主体作用与持续推进和完善制度建设等方面,为“一站式”学生社区综合管理的深入开展提供强有力的平台与保障,确保其在立德树人根本任务上发挥实效。

基于机电一体化技术的精准农业机械应用研究

随着我国实体制造业和农业机械化水平的不断提高,农业机械逐渐向着更加智能化、精准化的方向发展,其中,机电一体化技术作为推动农业机械发展进步的关键技术之一,可有效提高我国农业机械的技术水平,促进农业生产的标准化程度。基于此,该文结合机电一体化在精准农业机械领域的运行模式,阐述机电一体化对精准农业机械的影响,分析了机电一体化技术在该领域的应用现状,并对机电一体化技术在精准农机领域发展方向进行了展望。

多模式传感器在农业机械中的应用:精准农业的实现

提升农业生产力和生产效率是国家发展农业的重要举措。为满足现代化农业发展需求,实现精准农业,农业机械的科学控制是其重要一环,传感器作为控制部分的执行元件,具有高效、简单、可靠的特点,可应用于多种模式、多个场景中。通过阐述不同农业机械常见的传感器特点,总结不同传感器在农业机械中的应用情况,分析精准农业中农业机械传感器的发展趋势,为实现不同功能效果的传感器发展提供一定的思路。

泛在空间定位的概念框架与服务

全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)时空信息服务面临复杂场景的信号覆盖性难题,无法解决“无处不在”的泛在时空服务需求。为此,开展基于北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)信号的室内外无缝导航定位技术研究和系统研制,实现泛在空间定位服务非常必要。本文首先定义了“地上/室外定位+地下/室内定位+云上定位”的泛在空间定位体系概念,提出了泛在空间定位体系架构、信号信息架构、应用服务架构,给出了体系关键技术、应用服务类型、应用模式,构建了泛在空间定位试验网络,开展了针对典型场景的地上/室外定位、地下/室内定位和云上定位性能的初步示范验证、测试结果分析与服务能力评估。研究结果表明:以BDS为核心的泛在空间定位试验网络可提供泛在时空信息服务,能够将BDS导航定位服务从开阔空间全面拓展到半遮蔽及全遮蔽空间。