This study examined the adipocytokine-vascular interactions and link between epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery atherosclerosis.Thirty-four patients undergoing open heart surgery were chosen randomly, and d...This study examined the adipocytokine-vascular interactions and link between epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery atherosclerosis.Thirty-four patients undergoing open heart surgery were chosen randomly, and divided into groupⅠ(non-coronary artery disease group) and group Ⅱ(coronary artery disease group).Blood samples were taken through peripheral vein prior to surgery.Plasma levels of a panel of proteins (adiponectin, IL-10, TNF-α) were detected by using ELISA.Epicardial adipose tissue was taken near the proximal tract of the right coronary artery and subcutaneous adipose was taken from the leg before cardiopulmonary bypassing, adiponectin and CD68+ were detected by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.Our results showed that plasma adiponectin level was significantly lower in the group Ⅱ as compared with group Ⅰ(P【0.05).There were no differences in plasma concentration (IL-10, TNF-α, tatal-chol, HDL-chol, LDL-chol) between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ.The number of CD68+ cells in epicardial adipose tissue of group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in subcutaneous adipose tissue.Adiponectin mRNA expression was 6 fold higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue than in epicardial adipose tissue of group Ⅱ (P【0.01).Furthermore, the level of adiponectin mRNA in the epicardial adipose tissue in group Ⅱ was also significantly lower than in group Ⅰ (P【0.05).We are led to conclude that inflammation that occurs locally in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of GW4064 on the expression of adipokines and their receptors during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and in HepG2 cells.
Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most common complications of diabetes.It is an important cause of diabetes disability and death.DN is a systemic metabolic syndrome.In its pathogenesis,the interaction of various ...Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most common complications of diabetes.It is an important cause of diabetes disability and death.DN is a systemic metabolic syndrome.In its pathogenesis,the interaction of various cell activities and a large number of cytokine biological activities,the activation of signal pathways and so on are involved in the development of DN.At present,the clinical treatment of DN is mainly Western medicine,but it has limitations such as strong toxicity,high side effects and poor compliance.Therefore,the discovery of natural anti-DN substances has also become an important means to treat DN.Mulberry leaves are the dry leaves of Morus alba L.It is not only a traditional Chinese medicine,but also a dual-purpose medicinal material for medicine and food.It has the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat,cooling blood and brightening eyes,tonifying and so on.Mulberry leaf polysaccharide(MLP)is a kind of high molecular compound in mulberry leaves.It has many pharmacological effects,such as hypoglycemic,antioxidant,anti-stress,anti-virus and so on.Therefore,the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy are reviewed in this paper,so as to provide references for further research and application.The pathogenesis of DN is complex,and the mechanism of renal injury has not been completely clarified.The current studies believe that DN is closely related to heredity,abnormal glucose metabolism,abnormal lipid metabolism,microcirculation disorder,cytokine action,oxidative stress and so on.Relevant studies show that the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharide in the prevention and treatment of DN mainly include:①Effect on transforming factor-β1(TGF-β1):TGF-β1 has become an important cytokine involved in the formation of renal fibrosis by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation and the production of extracellular matrix(ECM).MLP can significantly inhibit TGF-β1 protein,and then inhibit the synthesis of extracellular matrix by renal interstitial fibroblasts and inhibit the realization of fibrosis.②Effect on insulin receptor substrate(IRS-1):IRS-1 is an important signal molecule at the beginning of IR signal transduction.The decrease of IRS-1 gene expression or the decrease of expression can affect the effective transmission of IR signal and lead to the development and deterioration of diabetes. MPL can significantly increase the expression of IRS-1 mRNA in liver tissue of DN rats, so as to prevent and treat DN. ③ Effect on the expression of resistin protein in adipose tis sue. Resistin is a secretory polypeptide derived from adipose tissue and is specifically expressed in white adipose tissue and is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Experimental studies show that MLP can effectively reduce the expression of resistin protein in white adipose tissue of T2DM rats, indicating that MLP may reduce the level of IR by inhibiting the expression of resistin in adipose tissue, thereby reducing the insulin resistance state of T2DM rats, so as to achieve the goal of treating diabetes. ④ Effect on adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1): adiponectin can improve insulin resistance, reduce blood glucose and lipid. AdipoR1 is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and kidney. Studies have shown that AdipoR1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of DN. The results showed that MLP could reduce the blood glucose and blood lipid level and up regulate the expression of AdipoR1 mRNA in DN rats, suggesting that MLP may delay the occurrence and development of DN. This article reviewed the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy, and provided a useful basis for further development and utilization of mul berry leaf polysaccharides in the treatment of DN.展开更多
目的探讨脂联素水平在β1-肾上腺素受体自身抗体(autoantibodies against the second extra-cellular loop of theβ1-adrenoceptor,β1-AA)诱导糖尿病发生发展中的作用。方法收集45例诊断糖尿病患者和42例健康体检者的血清,ELISA法检...目的探讨脂联素水平在β1-肾上腺素受体自身抗体(autoantibodies against the second extra-cellular loop of theβ1-adrenoceptor,β1-AA)诱导糖尿病发生发展中的作用。方法收集45例诊断糖尿病患者和42例健康体检者的血清,ELISA法检测血清中β1-AA及脂联素水平;建立β1-AA主动免疫小鼠模型,动态检测小鼠血糖变化;标记法芯片技术筛选主动免疫模型小鼠外周血清中发生改变的细胞因子,进一步从大体及细胞水平进行验证。结果与健康体检者相比,糖尿病患者血清β1-AA效价及阳性率均增高[(0.82±0.31)vs.(0.12±0.10),57.7%vs.0.1%,P<0.001],脂联素水平降低[(0.19±0.09)vs.(1.08±0.62),P<0.001];主动免疫8周时,免疫组小鼠空腹血糖明显高于对照组[(14.0±0.81)mmol/L vs.(5.03±0.21)mmol/L,P<0.001)],且空腹葡萄糖耐量试验呈阳性;芯片结果显示,主动免疫8周时,小鼠外周血清中脂联素水平显著低于对照组(变化比值>100);蛋白免疫印迹法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应显示,主动免疫8周脂肪组织脂联素蛋白及mRNA水平均低于对照组;细胞实验发现,β1-AA刺激后,3T3-L1细胞脂联素分泌减少。结论脂联素在β1-AA诱导的糖尿病发生发挥重要作用。展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30872541 C160502)fund for Doctoral Program of Ministry of Education of China (No.200804871116)
文摘This study examined the adipocytokine-vascular interactions and link between epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery atherosclerosis.Thirty-four patients undergoing open heart surgery were chosen randomly, and divided into groupⅠ(non-coronary artery disease group) and group Ⅱ(coronary artery disease group).Blood samples were taken through peripheral vein prior to surgery.Plasma levels of a panel of proteins (adiponectin, IL-10, TNF-α) were detected by using ELISA.Epicardial adipose tissue was taken near the proximal tract of the right coronary artery and subcutaneous adipose was taken from the leg before cardiopulmonary bypassing, adiponectin and CD68+ were detected by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.Our results showed that plasma adiponectin level was significantly lower in the group Ⅱ as compared with group Ⅰ(P【0.05).There were no differences in plasma concentration (IL-10, TNF-α, tatal-chol, HDL-chol, LDL-chol) between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ.The number of CD68+ cells in epicardial adipose tissue of group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in subcutaneous adipose tissue.Adiponectin mRNA expression was 6 fold higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue than in epicardial adipose tissue of group Ⅱ (P【0.01).Furthermore, the level of adiponectin mRNA in the epicardial adipose tissue in group Ⅱ was also significantly lower than in group Ⅰ (P【0.05).We are led to conclude that inflammation that occurs locally in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.
文摘目的探讨黄芪葛根汤对高血脂症模型大鼠血脂,血清瘦素(LEP)、脂联素、脂联素受体2(Adipo R2)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。方法选取80只SPF级成年雄性SD大鼠,随机选取20只作为对照组,其余大鼠随机分为模型组、黄芪葛根汤组、黄芪组、葛根组共4组,每组15只。造模成功后第2天,黄芪葛根汤组、黄芪组、葛根组按照10 m L/kg进行灌胃给药,2次/d;模型组和对照组给予等量生理盐水,连续给药30 d。给药过程中,对照组喂养基础饲料,其余大鼠给予高脂饲料喂养。对所有组大鼠的血脂、LEP表达、脂联素、脂联素受体2、PPARα的mRNA和蛋白的表达情况进行观察对比。结果以高脂饲料喂养大鼠8周后,大鼠血清中血脂,LEP表达显著升高,脂联素、脂联素受体2、PPAR的mRNA和蛋白的表达均显著降低,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。大鼠高血脂症模型建立后,给予黄芪,葛根及黄芪葛根汤治疗,实验组大鼠血脂、LEP水平显著降低,脂联素、脂联素受体2、PPAR的mRNA和蛋白水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而相较于黄芪组和葛根组,黄芪葛根汤治疗组大鼠的各项指标均接近正常大鼠水平。结论黄芪葛根汤能够有效改善高血脂症大鼠的各临床指标,有显著的降血脂作用。
基金Supported by Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Projects,No.2011B050400009Scientific Research Projects of Hubei Province Education Department,No.B2014055
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of GW4064 on the expression of adipokines and their receptors during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and in HepG2 cells.
文摘Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most common complications of diabetes.It is an important cause of diabetes disability and death.DN is a systemic metabolic syndrome.In its pathogenesis,the interaction of various cell activities and a large number of cytokine biological activities,the activation of signal pathways and so on are involved in the development of DN.At present,the clinical treatment of DN is mainly Western medicine,but it has limitations such as strong toxicity,high side effects and poor compliance.Therefore,the discovery of natural anti-DN substances has also become an important means to treat DN.Mulberry leaves are the dry leaves of Morus alba L.It is not only a traditional Chinese medicine,but also a dual-purpose medicinal material for medicine and food.It has the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat,cooling blood and brightening eyes,tonifying and so on.Mulberry leaf polysaccharide(MLP)is a kind of high molecular compound in mulberry leaves.It has many pharmacological effects,such as hypoglycemic,antioxidant,anti-stress,anti-virus and so on.Therefore,the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy are reviewed in this paper,so as to provide references for further research and application.The pathogenesis of DN is complex,and the mechanism of renal injury has not been completely clarified.The current studies believe that DN is closely related to heredity,abnormal glucose metabolism,abnormal lipid metabolism,microcirculation disorder,cytokine action,oxidative stress and so on.Relevant studies show that the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharide in the prevention and treatment of DN mainly include:①Effect on transforming factor-β1(TGF-β1):TGF-β1 has become an important cytokine involved in the formation of renal fibrosis by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation and the production of extracellular matrix(ECM).MLP can significantly inhibit TGF-β1 protein,and then inhibit the synthesis of extracellular matrix by renal interstitial fibroblasts and inhibit the realization of fibrosis.②Effect on insulin receptor substrate(IRS-1):IRS-1 is an important signal molecule at the beginning of IR signal transduction.The decrease of IRS-1 gene expression or the decrease of expression can affect the effective transmission of IR signal and lead to the development and deterioration of diabetes. MPL can significantly increase the expression of IRS-1 mRNA in liver tissue of DN rats, so as to prevent and treat DN. ③ Effect on the expression of resistin protein in adipose tis sue. Resistin is a secretory polypeptide derived from adipose tissue and is specifically expressed in white adipose tissue and is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Experimental studies show that MLP can effectively reduce the expression of resistin protein in white adipose tissue of T2DM rats, indicating that MLP may reduce the level of IR by inhibiting the expression of resistin in adipose tissue, thereby reducing the insulin resistance state of T2DM rats, so as to achieve the goal of treating diabetes. ④ Effect on adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1): adiponectin can improve insulin resistance, reduce blood glucose and lipid. AdipoR1 is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle and kidney. Studies have shown that AdipoR1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of DN. The results showed that MLP could reduce the blood glucose and blood lipid level and up regulate the expression of AdipoR1 mRNA in DN rats, suggesting that MLP may delay the occurrence and development of DN. This article reviewed the pharmacological effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy, and provided a useful basis for further development and utilization of mul berry leaf polysaccharides in the treatment of DN.
文摘目的探讨脂联素水平在β1-肾上腺素受体自身抗体(autoantibodies against the second extra-cellular loop of theβ1-adrenoceptor,β1-AA)诱导糖尿病发生发展中的作用。方法收集45例诊断糖尿病患者和42例健康体检者的血清,ELISA法检测血清中β1-AA及脂联素水平;建立β1-AA主动免疫小鼠模型,动态检测小鼠血糖变化;标记法芯片技术筛选主动免疫模型小鼠外周血清中发生改变的细胞因子,进一步从大体及细胞水平进行验证。结果与健康体检者相比,糖尿病患者血清β1-AA效价及阳性率均增高[(0.82±0.31)vs.(0.12±0.10),57.7%vs.0.1%,P<0.001],脂联素水平降低[(0.19±0.09)vs.(1.08±0.62),P<0.001];主动免疫8周时,免疫组小鼠空腹血糖明显高于对照组[(14.0±0.81)mmol/L vs.(5.03±0.21)mmol/L,P<0.001)],且空腹葡萄糖耐量试验呈阳性;芯片结果显示,主动免疫8周时,小鼠外周血清中脂联素水平显著低于对照组(变化比值>100);蛋白免疫印迹法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应显示,主动免疫8周脂肪组织脂联素蛋白及mRNA水平均低于对照组;细胞实验发现,β1-AA刺激后,3T3-L1细胞脂联素分泌减少。结论脂联素在β1-AA诱导的糖尿病发生发挥重要作用。
