The Positioning Strategies of Immigrants： A Case Study of Female Immigrants to Germany From Former Soviet Countries

In the process of transition from one social order to another, immigrants implement intentional or circumstantial adjustment strategies to position themselves in the new social structure, Within the broad perspective of immigrants＇ incorporation into the receiving society, the present paper focuses on analysis at the micro-level, i,e., bottom-up strategies. These coping strategies define the social positioning of an individual. Through the structure-agency theoretical framework, this article analyses adjustment strategies used by immigrants in order to become members of the receiving society. This is discovered through semi-structured biographical interviews with female immigrants to Germany from former Soviet countries conducted by the author in 2012-2013 in Kaiserslautern. Several positioning strategies emerged in the course of these interviews： ＂destination as a way to a better life＂; ＂trip to joint self＂ which includes ＂identity as a task＂ and change of the behavioral patterns; shift in gender roles; usage of the imported educational capital; work of a ＂stranger next door＂; and social networking, The analysis of immigrants＇ adjustment strategies allows one to see the complexity of the incorporation processes into the receiving society： from essential personality traits such as imagination and aspirations, identity and roles to practically applicable aspects such as education, work, and networking.

加入WTO与南京市对外开放战略的转变

Entering WTO, indicates that China is going on to the new stage of opening to the outside world. If the open - door policy in the past is said to be active and political, it can be said to be passive and systemic after China joints the world group. Necessary adjustments must be made in the strategy of opening to the out side world on the development of economy in Nanjing.

A modified model for concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials

This paper presents a study on the concur- rent topology optimization of a structure and its material microstructure. A modified optimization model is proposed by introducing microstructure orientation angles as a new type of design variable. The new model is based on the assumptions that a structure is made of a material with the same microstructure, and the material may have a different orientation within the design domain of the structure. The homogenization theory is applied to link the material and structure scales. An additional post-processing technique is developed for modifying the obtained design to avoid local optima caused by the use of orientation angle variables. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the viabil- ity and effectiveness of the proposed model. It is found that significant improvement in structural performance can be achieved by optimizing the orientation of microstructures in concurrent topology optimization of structures and materials.

America's Journey to Energy Independence and Its Revelation on China's Energy Supply Security

Ever since 2005, the US' shale oil and gas production growth and effective adjustment of domestic energy consumption mix have made it possible for the country to be less dependent upon imported energy and gain energy independence. What should we learn from it to guarantee energy supply security? This paper tried to answer the question.

Hybrid-panel-based new design idea for large reflector antenna

Large reflector antennas are widely used as radio telescopes and active main reflectors are generally applied to improve the surface accuracy. Considering that the high cost has been one important problem in engineering, it is worth discussing whether it is necessary to install actuators on all the panels. Thus, in this paper, a hybrid-panel-based new design idea for large reflector antenna is proposed. Assuming that the actuators are installed only in the region of the reflector with large deformations and there are no actuators in other region to reduce the actuator number, the surface accuracies and the corresponding electromagnetic(EM) performances calculated by three different panel adjustment strategies are compared. The most effective method is that the deformed reflector should be first preadjusted to reduce the gravity deformation and then the panels equipped with actuators should be adjusted to the locations determined by the best fitting reflector(BFR) derived by the deformed reflector with no actuators. A 35 m reflector antenna is adopted as an example to calculate the surface accuracy and EM performance when parts of the panels are equipped with actuators. The simulation results show that there is no need to install actuators on all panels and the presented method can greatly reduce the number of actuators with guaranteed surface accuracy. Thus, during the antenna structural design phase, once the surface accuracy requirement is given, the number of actuators can be minimized to reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs as much as possible. This paper can provide valuable guidance for the design of an active main reflector with hybrid panels.

Fully Distributed Risk-based Robust Reserve Scheduling for Bulk Hybrid AC-DC Systems

To enhance the cost-effectiveness of bulk hybrid AC-DC power systems and promote wind consumption,this paper proposes a two-stage risk-based robust reserve scheduling(RRRS)model.Different from traditional robust optimization,the proposed model applies an adjustable uncertainty set rather than a fixed one.Thereby,the operational risk is optimized together with the dispatch schedules,with a reasonable admissible region of wind power obtained correspondingly.In addition,both the operational base point and adjustment capacity of tielines are optimized in the RRRS model,which enables reserve sharing among the connected areas to handle the significant wind uncertainties.Based on the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM),a fully distributed framework is presented to solve the RRRS model in a distributed way.A dynamic penalty factor adjustment strategy(DPA)is also developed and applied to enhance its convergence properties.Since only limited information needs to be exchanged during the solution process,the communication burden is reduced and regional information is protected.Case studies on the 2-area 12-bus system and 3-area 354-bus system illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and approach.

Decomposition-Based Multi-Objective Optimization for Energy-Aware Distributed Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling with Multiprocessor Tasks

This paper addresses the Energy-Aware Distributed Hybrid Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Multiprocessor Tasks(EADHFSPMT)by considering two objectives simultaneously,i.e.,makespan and total energy consumption.It consists of three sub-problems,i.e.,job assignment between factories,job sequence in each factory,and machine allocation for each job.We present a mixed inter linear programming model and propose a Novel MultiObjective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition(NMOEA/D).We specially design a decoding scheme according to the characteristics of the EADHFSPMT.To initialize a population with certain diversity,four different rules are utilized.Moreover,a cooperative search is designed to produce new solutions based on different types of relationship between any solution and its neighbors.To enhance the quality of solutions,two local intensification operators are implemented according to the problem characteristics.In addition,a dynamic adjustment strategy for weight vectors is designed to balance the diversity and convergence,which can adaptively modify weight vectors according to the distribution of the non-dominated front.Extensive computational experiments are carried out by using a number of benchmark instances,which demonstrate the effectiveness of the above special designs.The statistical comparisons to the existing algorithms also verify the superior performances of the NMOEA/D.

Study on the Current US Strategic Adjustment in the Middle East

After the end of the Cold War,the US pushed its hegemonic strategy fully in the Middle East depending on its position as the only super power in the world and tried to establish its hegemony in the Middle East with military interference and political reconstruction.However,the Iraq war that the US launched in 2003 has not only consumed much of its own strength but also caused many conditions that the US cannot deal with,such as the increase of the Iranian theocratic power,the expanding of terrorism,and the spread of Islamic people’s uprisings.Faced with the combination and the development of anti-US forces,the US has to adjust its strategy and replace military hegemony with an offshore balancing strategy.The offshore balancing strategy stresses that the US should transfer the responsibility of maintaining the regional security to the allies in this region and encourages them to form a balance to contain the hostile Islamic forces.At the same time,the US should withdraw its military force from the Middle East region.It will be helpful to avoid the hostile Islamic forces to prompt the anti-US sentiment and to maintain hegemony for the US in the region with a more cover way.

The Upheaval in the Middle East and China’s Middle East Policy

Due to more than one-year’s upheaval,many Middle Eastern countries experienced regime change,and Syria is the next target and center of this political swirl.The rise of Islamic force is a serious problem for these countries in transition to deal with.Because of this upheaval,the Middle Eastern configuration is facing challenges;the contradiction within regional powers is experiencing growth and decline.The adjustment of America’s Middle East policy has affected the trend of Middle East situation.China’s“non-interference in others’internal affairs”principle gains international society’s interpretation,and China’s diplomacy towards the Middle East is facing important opportunity and enormous challenges.China should seize the opportunity and seek the new development of China-Middle East relations.

A dual-targeted multifunctional nanoformulation for potential prevention and therapy of Alzheimer’s disease

Antioxidation and adjustable treatment strategies are critical for the effective treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,we design a dual-targeted Prussian blue nanoformulation(PTCN)that can cross the blood-brain barrier and target amyloid beta aggregates further exert antioxidant effects.An adjustable gradient dosing strategy with PTCN is used for the first time to design the preventive and therapeutic trials based on the severity of oxidative stress at different AD stages.The results show that PTCN could effectively ameliorate AD-related pathological processes,improve the cognitive decline,and rescue hippocampal atrophy of APP/PS1 mice in both preventive and therapeutic trials.Altogether,PTCN provided here is a successful combination of three traditional biomaterials with good biosafety,which has broad prospects for the early prevention,mild remission,and late treatment of AD,and is expected to be developed into personalized therapeutic drugs and healthcare products for clinical AD in the future.

Global hydraulic stability analysis for dynamic regulation in multi-zone variable air volume air-conditioning system

Variable air volume air-conditioning system(VAV system)has multiple control loops that interfered with each other,which has serious impacts on its actual operation effect.To solve this problem,the index of global hydraulic stability,which takes the physical quantity of the pipe network pressure and the air flow rate as reference,is proposed based on Graph theory,and a pipe network model for the hydraulic calculation is built.Then,the simulation study based on the actual operation data is carried out in MATLAB.The distribution of the pressure and the air flow in the pipe network is obtained,and the action interferences among adjacent terminal boxes are analyzed based on global hydraulic stability under damper position regulation strategy(DP strategy)and fan frequency regulation strategy(FF strategy).Results indicate that the FF strategy can decrease the total change distance of the damper position compared with the DP strategy,and then the fluctuation of the pressure and the air flow can be reduced.The contribution of this study is to provide an evaluation index of global hydraulic stability,which can also be used in other air-conditioning systems with multiple terminals and multiple control loops.