AIM： To report the clinical impact of adrenal endoscop-ic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration （EUS-FNA） in the evaluation of patients with adrenal gland enlargement or mass.METHODS： In a retrospective single-center...AIM： To report the clinical impact of adrenal endoscop-ic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration （EUS-FNA） in the evaluation of patients with adrenal gland enlargement or mass.METHODS： In a retrospective single-center case-series, patients undergoing EUS-FNA of either adrenal gland from 1997-2011 in our tertiary care center were included. Medical records were reviewed and results of EUS, cytology, adrenal size change on follow-up imag-ing ≥ 6 mo after EUS and any repeat EUS or surgery were abstracted. A lesion was considered benign if： （1） EUS-FNA cytology was benign and the lesion remained 〈 1 cm from its original size on follow-up computed tomography （CT）, magnetic resonance imaging or repeat EUS ≥ 6 mo after EUS-FNA; or （2） subsequent adrenalectomy and surgical pathology was benign. RESULTS： Ninety-four patients had left （n = 90） and/or right （n = 5） adrenal EUS-FNA without adverse events. EUS indications included： cancer staging or suspected recurrence （n = 31）, pancreatic （n = 20）, medi-astinal （n = 10）, adrenal （n = 7）, lung （n = 7） mass or other indication （n = 19）. Diagnoses after adrenal EUS-FNA included metastatic lung （n = 10）, esophageal （n= 5）, colon （n = 2）, or other cancer （n = 8）; benign primary adrenal mass or benign tissue （n = 60）; or was non-diagnostic （n = 9）. Available follow-up confrmed a benign lesion in 5/9 non-diagnostic aspirates and 32/60 benign aspirates. Four of the 60 benign aspirates were later confrmed as malignant by repeat biopsy, follow-up CT, or adrenalectomy. Adrenal EUS-FNA diagnosed metastatic cancer in 24, and ruled out metastasis in 10 patients. For the diagnosis of malignancy, EUS-FNA of either adrenal had sensitivity, specifcity, positive predic-tive value and negative predictive value of 86%, 97%, 96% and 89%, respectively.CONCLUSION： Adrenal gland EUS-FNA is safe, mini-mally invasive and a sensitive technique with signifcant impact in the management of adrenal gland mass or enlargement.展开更多
Cystic lymphangiomas of the adrenal gland are rare. A 79-year-old female presented in the emergency room with epigastric discomfort, and an immovable mass was palpated in her abdomen upon physical examination. Imaging...Cystic lymphangiomas of the adrenal gland are rare. A 79-year-old female presented in the emergency room with epigastric discomfort, and an immovable mass was palpated in her abdomen upon physical examination. Imaging studies revealed a large cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail. The radiologic impression ruled out the possibility of a mucinous cystic neoplasm, or a pseudocyst in the pancreas. The operative findings demonstrated that the cystic mass originated in the left adrenal gland. A laparoscopic excision of the cystic mass was performed, and immunohistochemistry confirmed that this mass was a lymphangioma of the adrenal gland. Several prior reports have suggested that lymphangioma can mimic renal or splenic cysts. However, lymphangioma cases mimicking pancreatic cysts are very rare.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metastases to adrenal glands originate principally from lung, breast, or gastrointestinal cancers, followed by malignant melanoma and thyroid neoplasms. We present an unusual case of uterine cancer metastas...BACKGROUND Metastases to adrenal glands originate principally from lung, breast, or gastrointestinal cancers, followed by malignant melanoma and thyroid neoplasms. We present an unusual case of uterine cancer metastasizing to the adrenal glands with a review of the English literature on the management of this rare disease. CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of endometrial cancer (grade 2;International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics III A) was hospitalized in November 2017 for a left adrenal mass found on a follow-up computed tomography scan 3 years after her gynecological surgery. Laboratory test results were normal. A laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no chemotherapy was administered. The pathological report confirmed an adrenal endometrioid metastasis. At 36 mo of follow-up, the patient is alive and well, with no evidence of recurrent disease. A literature review identified only 11 previously-published cases of adrenal metastases from uterine cancer. CONCLUSION Adrenal metastasis from uterine cancer is very rare. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy may be an effective treatment in selected cases of localized adrenal metastasis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare,benign,non-functioning mass that occurs in the adrenal gland.It is composed of an admixture of hematopoietic elements and mature adipose tissue,similar to bone marrow.Even at l...BACKGROUND Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare,benign,non-functioning mass that occurs in the adrenal gland.It is composed of an admixture of hematopoietic elements and mature adipose tissue,similar to bone marrow.Even at large sizes,adrenal myelolipomas are usually asymptomatic and often incidentally found by ultrasonography or computed tomography(CT)scan.This paper describes an unusual case of adrenal myelolipoma presenting as flank pain.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old male with severe right flank pain underwent a CT scan revealing a huge mass extending into the suprarenal space.The mass showed a fat component with retroperitoneal hemorrhage.The tumor was treated laparoscopically,and pathologic examination revealed features of myelolipoma originating from the adrenal gland.CONCLUSION Adrenal myelolipomas are generally asymptomatic and can be treated conservatively.However,rupture and hemorrhage of the tumor can cause symptoms requiring surgical removal.展开更多
目的探讨产前超声及MRI在胎儿肾上腺区病变中的诊断价值,分析各病变的特征性影像表现。方法回顾性分析广东省妇幼保健院2013年3月至2022年12月间22例产前发现肾上腺区病变胎儿(平均胎龄30周,男女比为15∶7)的影像资料,所有产妇产前均行...目的探讨产前超声及MRI在胎儿肾上腺区病变中的诊断价值,分析各病变的特征性影像表现。方法回顾性分析广东省妇幼保健院2013年3月至2022年12月间22例产前发现肾上腺区病变胎儿(平均胎龄30周,男女比为15∶7)的影像资料,所有产妇产前均行超声检查,其中14例行MRI检查。由有胎儿疾病诊断经验的超声及放射科医师各两名采用双盲法阅片,同种检查两名医师诊断结果不一致时讨论后得出一致意见。结果22例胎儿中的14例病理诊断为肾上腺神经母细胞瘤(NB);2例产前及产后多次随访复查病灶变小至消失,结合影像学表现诊断为肾上腺血肿;5例术后病理为胎儿腹腔内肺隔离症(IEPS);1例术后病理为肾上腺畸胎瘤。超声及MRI均准确诊断NB、肾上腺血肿和IEPS,均将畸胎瘤误诊为NB。肾上腺NB可呈囊性、囊实性或实性肿块,部分可见钙化,可双侧发病,且在胎儿期即可发生肝内转移;肾上腺血肿在出血初期超声表现为高回声,之后逐渐缩小液化为无回声,最后逐渐钙化或消失,MRI可见病灶分层,T1WI可见高信号影;IEPS超声表现为均匀实性或囊实性占位,实性占多数,可见体循环供血血管,单次激发快速自旋回波(single shot fast spin echo,SSFSE)序列图像中表现为均匀实性或囊实性高信号影,信号强度高于或等同于肺组织,病灶与膈肌联系紧密;畸胎瘤在超声表现为混杂回声,SSFSE序列表现为混杂信号肿块,产前乏脂肪畸胎瘤与NB鉴别困难。结论产前超声及MRI对胎儿肾上腺区病变均有较高的诊断价值,两种检查互相补充,可提高诊断准确率。展开更多
Adenomatoid tumors are the most commonly located .in male and female genital tracts, but they are rarely found in extragenital locations, especially in adrenal glands. These tumors are considered as benign neoplasms o...Adenomatoid tumors are the most commonly located .in male and female genital tracts, but they are rarely found in extragenital locations, especially in adrenal glands. These tumors are considered as benign neoplasms of mesothelial derivation, and pathologically show glandular tubules lined by epitheloid cells with intervening trabeculae with a characteristic mixture of adenoidal, angiomatoid, cystic and solid patterns, in addition to focal calcifications and signet-ring like cells frequently.2 Because of the lack of radiological specificity,展开更多
文摘AIM： To report the clinical impact of adrenal endoscop-ic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration （EUS-FNA） in the evaluation of patients with adrenal gland enlargement or mass.METHODS： In a retrospective single-center case-series, patients undergoing EUS-FNA of either adrenal gland from 1997-2011 in our tertiary care center were included. Medical records were reviewed and results of EUS, cytology, adrenal size change on follow-up imag-ing ≥ 6 mo after EUS and any repeat EUS or surgery were abstracted. A lesion was considered benign if： （1） EUS-FNA cytology was benign and the lesion remained 〈 1 cm from its original size on follow-up computed tomography （CT）, magnetic resonance imaging or repeat EUS ≥ 6 mo after EUS-FNA; or （2） subsequent adrenalectomy and surgical pathology was benign. RESULTS： Ninety-four patients had left （n = 90） and/or right （n = 5） adrenal EUS-FNA without adverse events. EUS indications included： cancer staging or suspected recurrence （n = 31）, pancreatic （n = 20）, medi-astinal （n = 10）, adrenal （n = 7）, lung （n = 7） mass or other indication （n = 19）. Diagnoses after adrenal EUS-FNA included metastatic lung （n = 10）, esophageal （n= 5）, colon （n = 2）, or other cancer （n = 8）; benign primary adrenal mass or benign tissue （n = 60）; or was non-diagnostic （n = 9）. Available follow-up confrmed a benign lesion in 5/9 non-diagnostic aspirates and 32/60 benign aspirates. Four of the 60 benign aspirates were later confrmed as malignant by repeat biopsy, follow-up CT, or adrenalectomy. Adrenal EUS-FNA diagnosed metastatic cancer in 24, and ruled out metastasis in 10 patients. For the diagnosis of malignancy, EUS-FNA of either adrenal had sensitivity, specifcity, positive predic-tive value and negative predictive value of 86%, 97%, 96% and 89%, respectively.CONCLUSION： Adrenal gland EUS-FNA is safe, mini-mally invasive and a sensitive technique with signifcant impact in the management of adrenal gland mass or enlargement.
基金Supported by The Soonchunhyang University Research Fund
文摘Cystic lymphangiomas of the adrenal gland are rare. A 79-year-old female presented in the emergency room with epigastric discomfort, and an immovable mass was palpated in her abdomen upon physical examination. Imaging studies revealed a large cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail. The radiologic impression ruled out the possibility of a mucinous cystic neoplasm, or a pseudocyst in the pancreas. The operative findings demonstrated that the cystic mass originated in the left adrenal gland. A laparoscopic excision of the cystic mass was performed, and immunohistochemistry confirmed that this mass was a lymphangioma of the adrenal gland. Several prior reports have suggested that lymphangioma can mimic renal or splenic cysts. However, lymphangioma cases mimicking pancreatic cysts are very rare.
文摘BACKGROUND Metastases to adrenal glands originate principally from lung, breast, or gastrointestinal cancers, followed by malignant melanoma and thyroid neoplasms. We present an unusual case of uterine cancer metastasizing to the adrenal glands with a review of the English literature on the management of this rare disease. CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of endometrial cancer (grade 2;International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics III A) was hospitalized in November 2017 for a left adrenal mass found on a follow-up computed tomography scan 3 years after her gynecological surgery. Laboratory test results were normal. A laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no chemotherapy was administered. The pathological report confirmed an adrenal endometrioid metastasis. At 36 mo of follow-up, the patient is alive and well, with no evidence of recurrent disease. A literature review identified only 11 previously-published cases of adrenal metastases from uterine cancer. CONCLUSION Adrenal metastasis from uterine cancer is very rare. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy may be an effective treatment in selected cases of localized adrenal metastasis.
基金Supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant Funded by the Korean Government(Ministry of Science and ICT),No.2019R1G1A1100422.
文摘BACKGROUND Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare,benign,non-functioning mass that occurs in the adrenal gland.It is composed of an admixture of hematopoietic elements and mature adipose tissue,similar to bone marrow.Even at large sizes,adrenal myelolipomas are usually asymptomatic and often incidentally found by ultrasonography or computed tomography(CT)scan.This paper describes an unusual case of adrenal myelolipoma presenting as flank pain.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old male with severe right flank pain underwent a CT scan revealing a huge mass extending into the suprarenal space.The mass showed a fat component with retroperitoneal hemorrhage.The tumor was treated laparoscopically,and pathologic examination revealed features of myelolipoma originating from the adrenal gland.CONCLUSION Adrenal myelolipomas are generally asymptomatic and can be treated conservatively.However,rupture and hemorrhage of the tumor can cause symptoms requiring surgical removal.
文摘目的探讨产前超声及MRI在胎儿肾上腺区病变中的诊断价值,分析各病变的特征性影像表现。方法回顾性分析广东省妇幼保健院2013年3月至2022年12月间22例产前发现肾上腺区病变胎儿(平均胎龄30周,男女比为15∶7)的影像资料,所有产妇产前均行超声检查,其中14例行MRI检查。由有胎儿疾病诊断经验的超声及放射科医师各两名采用双盲法阅片,同种检查两名医师诊断结果不一致时讨论后得出一致意见。结果22例胎儿中的14例病理诊断为肾上腺神经母细胞瘤(NB);2例产前及产后多次随访复查病灶变小至消失,结合影像学表现诊断为肾上腺血肿;5例术后病理为胎儿腹腔内肺隔离症(IEPS);1例术后病理为肾上腺畸胎瘤。超声及MRI均准确诊断NB、肾上腺血肿和IEPS,均将畸胎瘤误诊为NB。肾上腺NB可呈囊性、囊实性或实性肿块,部分可见钙化,可双侧发病,且在胎儿期即可发生肝内转移;肾上腺血肿在出血初期超声表现为高回声,之后逐渐缩小液化为无回声,最后逐渐钙化或消失,MRI可见病灶分层,T1WI可见高信号影;IEPS超声表现为均匀实性或囊实性占位,实性占多数,可见体循环供血血管,单次激发快速自旋回波(single shot fast spin echo,SSFSE)序列图像中表现为均匀实性或囊实性高信号影,信号强度高于或等同于肺组织,病灶与膈肌联系紧密;畸胎瘤在超声表现为混杂回声,SSFSE序列表现为混杂信号肿块,产前乏脂肪畸胎瘤与NB鉴别困难。结论产前超声及MRI对胎儿肾上腺区病变均有较高的诊断价值,两种检查互相补充,可提高诊断准确率。
文摘Adenomatoid tumors are the most commonly located .in male and female genital tracts, but they are rarely found in extragenital locations, especially in adrenal glands. These tumors are considered as benign neoplasms of mesothelial derivation, and pathologically show glandular tubules lined by epitheloid cells with intervening trabeculae with a characteristic mixture of adenoidal, angiomatoid, cystic and solid patterns, in addition to focal calcifications and signet-ring like cells frequently.2 Because of the lack of radiological specificity,
