Novel PIKfyve/Tubulin Dual-target Inhibitor as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective:In B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),current intensive chemotherapies for adult patients fail to achieve durable responses in more than 50%of cases,underscoring the urgent need for new therapeutic regimens for this patient population.The present study aimed to determine whether HZX-02-059,a novel dual-target inhibitor targeting both phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase(PIKfyve)and tubulin,is lethal to B-ALL cells and is a potential therapeutic for B-ALL patients.Methods:Cell proliferation,vacuolization,apoptosis,cell cycle,and in-vivo tumor growth were evaluated.In addition,Genome-wide RNA-sequencing studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying the anti-leukemia activity of HZX-02-059 in B-ALL.Results:HZX-02-059 was found to inhibit cell proliferation,induce vacuolization,promote apoptosis,block the cell cycle,and reduce in-vivo tumor growth.Downregulation of the p53 pathway and suppression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway and the downstream transcription factors c-Myc and NF-κB were responsible for these observations.Conclusion:Overall,these findings suggest that HZX-02-059 is a promising agent for the treatment of B-ALL patients resistant to conventional therapies.

Individualized leukemia cell-population profiles in common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients

Immunophenotype is critical for diagnosing common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (common ALL) and detecting minimal residual disease. We developed a protocol to explore the immunophenotypic profiles of common ALL based on the expression levels of the antigens associated with B lymphoid development, including IL-7Rα (CD127), cytoplasmic CD79a (cCD79a), CD19, VpreB (CD179a), and sIgM, which are successive and essential for progression of B cells along their developmental pathway. Analysis of the immunophenotypes of 48 common ALL cases showed that the immunophenotypic patterns were highly heterogeneous, with the leukemic cell population differing from case to case. Through the comprehensive analysis of immunophenotypic patterns, the profiles of patient-specific composite leukemia cell populations could provide detailed information helpful for the diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and individualized therapies for common ALL.

Comparison of the Effects of L-asparaginase and Pegaspargase in the Treatment of Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective:To compare the effect of L-asparaginase and pegaspargase in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Methods:In this study,96 patients who received treatment at the Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected.The control group received L-asparaginase treatment,and the observation group received pegaspargase treatment.The curative effect and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups.Results:Comparing the experimental statistical results of the observation and the control groups,it can be concluded that the effect of the former group is better than that of the latter group in terms of clinical curative effect and statistics of adverse reactions.Conclusion:In the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia,the application of pegaspargase therapy has a significantly better clinical effect and is worthy of further promotion.

Adult Acute T Cell Leukemia Presenting as Acute Renal Failure, Parotid Swelling and Loss of Vision

A rare case of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with loss of vision, parotid swelling, hematuria and acute renal failure has been presented in a 40-year-old male. Acute T cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia should also be kept in differential diagnosis of hematuria, acute renal failure and loss of vision.

Macrophage Activation Syndrome in a Context of Pre-B Type Lymphoblastic Acute Leucemia: A Case Report

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is linked to inappropriate stimulation of macrophage cells in the bone marrow and lymphoid system, resulting in abnormal phagocytosis of figurative blood elements and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is a rare and serious hyper-inflammatory condition of diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. MAS is characterized by non-specific clinical and laboratory signs associated with images of hemophagocytosis. MAS is either “primary” (familial or pediatric forms), or “secondary/reactive” to infection, neoplasia, or autoimmune disease. Hemopathies dominate MAS secondary to neoplasia. B-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of B lymphoid progenitors, blocked at an early stage of differentiation, leading to suppression of polyclonal hematopoiesis and subsequent development of signs associated with bone marrow failure. In this context, we report the observation of a macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with ALL, diagnosed at Hôpital Principal de Dakar/Senegal, in a 69-year-old patient with a well-controlled type 2 diabetes under oral antidiabetic therapy (OAD) and good general condition.

Outcomes of Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and the Significance of Pretransplantation Minimal Residual Disease： Analysis from a Single Center of China

Background：The postremission therapics for adult patients generally contain consolidation chemotherapy,allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （auto-HSCT）.Because of the various results from different centers,the optimal therapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL） patients is still uncertain.This study aimed to better understand predictive factors and role of auto-HSCT in the postremission thcrapy for adult ALL patients.Methods：The outcomes of 135 adult patients with ALL,who received the first auto-HSCT in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center of Blood Diseases Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1,1994 to February 28,2014,were retrospectively analyzed.Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and simultaneous effects of multiple covariates were estimated with the Cox model.Results：Overall survival （OS） and disease-free survival （DFS） at 5 years for the whole cohort were 59.1 ± 4.5% and 59.0 ± 4.4%,respectively.The cumulative nonrelapse mortality and relapse rate at 5 years were 4.5 ± 0.03% and 36.6 ± 0.19%.For both OS and DFS,acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia,high lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） at diagnosis,blast cell proportion ≥5% on the 15th day of induction therapy,and extramedullary infiltration before HSCT were the poor prognosis factors.In addition,age ≥35 years predicted poor DFS.Only T-ALL and high LDH were the independent undesirable factors associated with OS and DFS in Cox regression model.For 44 patients who had results of pretransplantation minimal residual disease （MRD）,positive MRD （MRD ≥0.01%） indicated poor OS （P =0.044） and DFS （P =0.008）.Furthermore,for the standard risk group,the patients with negative MRD （MRD 〈0.01%） had better results （OS at 18 months was 90.0 ± 9.5%,while for the patients with positive MRD OS was 50.0 ± 35.4%,P =0.003;DFS at 18 months was 90.0 ± 9.5%,while for the positive MRD group DFS was 0%,P 〈 0.001）.Conclusions：This study confirmed that auto-HSCT combined with posttransplantation maintenance chemotherapy could be an option for adult ALL patients and pretransplantation MRD may play a significant role in the direction of therapy for adult ALL patients.

Advances in the development of chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapy is effective in refractory/relapsed(R/R)B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL).This review focuses on achievements,current obstacles,and future directions in CAR-T research.A high complete remission rate of 68%to 93%could be achieved after anti-CD19 CAR-T treatment for B-ALL.Cytokine release syndrome and CAR-T-related neurotoxicity could be managed.In view of difficulties collecting autologous lymphocytes,universal CAR-T is a direction to explore.Regarding the high relapse rate after anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy,the main solutions have been developing new targets including CD22 CAR-T,or CD19/CD22 dual CAR-T.Additionally,some studies showed that bridging into transplant post-CAR-T could improve leukemia-free survival.Some patients who did not respond to CAR-T therapy were found to have an abnormal conformation of the CD19 exon or trogocytosis.Anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy for R/R B-ALL is effective.From individual to universal CAR-T,from one target to multi-targets,CAR-T-cell has a chance to be off the shelf in the future.

Preclinical characterization and comparison between CD3/CD19 bispecific and novel CD3/CD19/CD20 trispecific antibodies against B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia:targeted immunotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The CD19-targeting bispecific T-cell engager blinatumomab has shown remarkable efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.However,several studies showed that blinatumomab has a short plasma half-life due to its low molecular weight,and thus its clinical use is limited.Furthermore,multiple trials have shown that approximately 30%of blinatumomab-relapsed cases are characterized by CD19 negative leukemic cells.Here,we design and characterize two novel antibodies,A-319 and A-2019.Blinatumomab and A-319 are CD3/CD19 bispecific antibodies with different molecular sizes and structures,and A-2019 is a novel CD3/CD19/CD20 trispecific antibody with an additional anti-CD20 function.Our in vitro,ex vivo,and in vivo experiments demonstrated that A-319 and A-2019 are potent antitumor agents and capable of recruiting CD3 positive T cells,enhancing T-cell function,mediating B-cell depletion,and eventually inhibiting tumor growth in Raji xenograft models.The two molecules are complementary in terms of efficacy and specificity profile.The activity of A-319 demonstrated superior to that of A-2019,whereas A-2019 has an additional capability to target CD20 in cells missing CD19,suggesting its potential function against CD19 weak or negative CD20 positive leukemic cells.

Haploidentical transplantation has a superior graft-versus-leukemia effect than HLA-matched sibling transplantation for Ph- high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Background: Compared with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donor (MSD) transplantation, it remains unclear whether haploidentical donor (HID) transplantation has a superior graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect for Philadelphia-negative (Ph-) high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This study aimed to compare the GVL effect between HID and MSD transplantation for Ph- high-risk B-ALL.Methods: This study population came from two prospective multicenter trials (NCT01883180, NCT02673008). Immunosuppressant withdrawal and prophylactic or pre-emptive donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) were administered in patients without active graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) to prevent relapse. All patients with measurable residual disease (MRD) positivity posttransplantation (post-MRD+) or non-remission (NR) pre-transplantation received prophylactic/pre-emptive interventions. The primary endpoint was the incidence of post-MRD+.Results: A total of 335 patients with Ph- high-risk B-ALL were enrolled, including 145 and 190, respectively, in the HID and MSD groups. The 3-year cumulative incidence of post-MRD+ was 27.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.2%-34.7%) and 42.6% (35.5%-49.6%) in the HID and MSD groups(P = 0.003), respectively. A total of 156 patients received DLI, including 60 (41.4%) and 96 (50.5%), respectively, in the HID and MSD groups (P= 0.096). The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 18.6% (95% CI: 12.7%-25.4%) and 25.9% (19.9%-32.3%;P = 0.116) in the two groups, respectively. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 67.4% (95% CI: 59.1%-74.4%) and 61.6% (54.2%-68.1%;P = 0.382), leukemia-free survival (LFS) was 63.4% (95% CI: 55.0%-70.7%) and 58.2% (50.8%-64.9%;P= 0.429), and GVHD-free/relapse-free survival (GRFS) was 51.7% (95% CI: 43.3%-59.5%) and 37.8% (30.9%-44.6%;P= 0.041), respectively, in the HID and MSD groups.Conclusion: HID transplantation has a lower incidence of post-MRD+ than MSD transplantation, suggesting that HID transplantation might have a superior GVL effect than MSD transplantation for Ph- high-risk B-ALL patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01883180, NCT02673008.

Bioinformatics analysis of microRNA comprehensive regulatory network in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Objective To reveal the involvement of molecules in the pathogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)by bioinformatics analyses.Methods The microarray data of B-ALL were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and Qlucore Omics Explorer software was used to screen differentially expressed miRNA.Based on the differentially

Is there a role for B lymphocyte chimerism in the monitoring of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation?

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and significance of B-cell chimerism for the detection of early engraftment, transplant rejection, and disease relapse. Methods: The dynamic monitoring of lineage-specific cell subtypes (B, T, and NK cells) was made in 20 B-cell acute lympho-blastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In the early period after allo-HSCT, the latest establishment of B-cell complete chimerism (CC) was observed in a majority of patients. Results: The percentage of donor cells of B-cell lineage was lower than the percent of T-cell lineage in most of the mixed chimerism (MC) patients. During graft rejection, the frequency of patients with decreasing MC of B-, T-and NK-cell lineage were 5/5, 2/5, and 2/5. When disease relapsed, five patients showed a faster decrease of the donor percent of B-cells than of T-or NK-cells. Only one patient displayed a more rapid decrease in NK-cells than in T-or B-cells. Conclusion: Monitoring of B-cell chimerism after HSCT seems to be valuable for insuring complete engraftment, anticipating graft rejection, and relapse in B-ALL patients. Copyright ? 2015, Chinese Medical Association Production. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Donor-derived CD 19 CAR-T Cells versus Chemotherapy Plus Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Treatment of Recurrent CD 19-positive B-ALL after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)versus chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion(chemo-DLI)for treating relapsed CD 19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with B-ALL who relapsed after allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-two patients were treated with CAR-T cells(CAR-T group),and 21 with chemotherapy plus DLI(chemo-DLI group).The complete remission(CR)and minimal residual disease(MRD)-negative CR rates,leukemia-free survival(LFS)rate,overall survival(OS)rate,and incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD),cytokine release syndrome(CRS)and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS)were compared between the two groups.Results:The CR and MRD-negative CR rates in the CAR-T group(77.3%and 61.5%)were significantly higher than those in the chemo-DLI group(38.1%and 23.8%)(P=0.008 and P=0.003).The 1-and 2-year LFS rates in the CAR-T group were superior to those in the chemo-DLI group:54.5%and 50.0%vs.9.5%and 4.8%(P=0.0001 and P=0.00004).The 1-and 2-year OS rates in the CAR-T versus chemo-DLI group were 59.1%and 54.5%vs.19%and 9.5%(P=0.011 and P=0.003).Six patients(28.6%)with grade 2-4 aGVHD were identified in the chemo-DLI group.Two patients(9.1%)in the CAR-T group developed grade 1-2 aGVHD.Nineteen patients(86.4%)developed CRS in the CAR-T group,comprising grade 1-2 CRS in 13 patients(59.1%)and grade 3 CRS in 6 patients(27.3%).Two patients(9.1%)developed grade 1-2 ICANS.Conclusion:Donor-derived anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy may be better,safer,and more effective than chemo-DLI for B-ALL patients who relapse after allo-HSCT.

Culturing adequate CAR-T cells from less peripheral blood to treat B-cell malignancies

Objective:Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T(CAR-T)cells have shown impressive results against relapsed/refractory B cell malignancies.However,the traditional manufacture of CAR-T cells requires leukapheresis to isolate large amounts of peripheral blood T cells,thus making some patients ineligible for the procedure.Methods:We developed a simple method for CAR-T cell preparation requiring small volumes of peripheral blood.First,CD3+T cells isolated from 50 mL peripheral blood from patients(B-cell malignancies)were stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3/RetroNectin in 6-well plates and then transduced with CAR-expressing lentiviral vector.After 4 d,the T cells were transferred to culture bags for large-scale CAR-T cell expansion.In vitro and animal experiments were performed to evaluate the activity of the manufactured CAR-T cells.Finally,29 patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)and 9 patients with B-cell lymphoma were treated with the CAR-T cells.Results:The CAR-T cells were expanded to 1–3×10^(8) cells in 8–10 d and successfully killed B cell-derived malignant tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.For patients with B-ALL,the complete remission rate was 93%1 month after CAR-T cell infusion;after 12 months,the overall survival(OS)and leukemia-free survival rates were 69%and 31%,respectively.For patients with lymphoma,the objective response rate(including complete and partial remission)was 78%2 months after CAR-T cell infusion,and after 12 months,the OS and progression-free survival rates were 71%and 43%,respectively.Cytokine-release syndrome(CRS)occurred in 65.51%and 55.56%of patients with B-ALL and B-cell lymphoma,respectively;severe CRS developed in 20.69%of patients with B-ALL and in no patients with lymphoma.Conclusions:Our novel method can generate sufficient numbers of CAR-T cells for clinical use from 50–100 mL peripheral blood,thus providing an alternative means of CAR-T cell generation for patients ineligible for leukapheresis.

CGH-based microarray detection of cryptic and novel copy number alterations and balanced translocations in cytogenetically abnormal cases of b-cell all

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children, with the majority of cases being of precursor B-cell phenoltype. Conventional cytogenetic analysis plays an important role in the diagnosis of B-cell ALL, identifying characteristic chromosomal abnormalities associated with a given prognosis therein facilitating optimized treatment. The more recent introduction of microarray technology to the analysis of B-cell ALL has afforded both higher resolution for the detection of known abnormalities and an ability to identify novel copy number abnormalities (CNAs) with potential clinical relevance. In the current study, microarray analysis was performed on 20 cytogenetically abnormal B-cell ALL cases (10 pediatric and 10 adult), while a novel microarray-based balanced-translocation detection methodology (translocation CGH or tCGH) was applied to that subset of cases with a known or suspected recurrent balanced translocation. Standard microarray analysis identified that CNAs was not detected by previous conventional cytogenetics in 75% (15/20) cases. tCGH identified 9/9 (100%) balanced translocations defining BCR/ABL1 (x4), ETV6/RUNX1 (x3), and MLL/AFF1 (x2) breakpoints with high resolution. The results illustrate the improved molecular detail afforded by these technologies and a comparison of translocation breakpoints, CNAs and patient age offers new insights into tumor biology with potential prognostic significance.

FBXW7在成人T细胞性急性淋巴细胞白血病中的突变研究

背景:F-Box和WD40蛋白7(F-Box and WD40 domain protein 7,FBXW7)是E3泛素连接酶复合物的组份,控制NOTCH1,c-MYC和Cyclin E等多种蛋白的降解。目的:研究成人T细胞性急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)中FBXW7基因突变。方法:通过对54例成人T-ALL患者FBXW7外显子5-12进行扩增、克隆和测序,分析FBXW7突变的发生率、突变位点和类型、与NOTCH1突变的相关性及其临床预后意义。结果:本组成人T-ALL中FBXW7突变率11.1%,共发现4种点突变(R465H,R465L,R479P和R505C)和1个插入/缺失突变,FBXW7突变全部位于WD40结构域。研究还发现,FBXW7突变患者中83.3%同时存在NOTCH1突变,与FBXW7突变并存的NOTCH1突变均发生于HD结构域,包括点突变(L1574P,L1596H和L1600P),和缺失/插入突变。此外,研究还显示,FBXW7单独突变组患者的总生存时间比无突变组延长(P=0.049)。结论:FBXW7突变可能在NOTCH1介导的TALL发病机制有重要作用。

成人T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病中NOTCH1突变的特征研究

本研究旨在阐明NOTCH1突变在成人T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)中的特征及临床意义。通过对42例成人T-ALL患者外显子(exon)26/异二聚体N末端(HD-N)、exon27/异二聚体C末端(HD-C)、exon28和exon34/脯氨酸-谷氨酸-丝氨酸-苏氨酸(PEST)区域进行扩增、克隆和测序,研究NOTCH1突变的发生率、突变位点和类型、突变与临床和实验室指标的相关性及其预后意义。结果显示,本组成人T-ALL中NOTCH1突变率66.7%(28/42),共发现45种NOTCH1突变,最多见于HD-N(48.9%,22/45)和PEST(40.0%,18/45);HD-N结构域突变最多位于氨基酸位点1575(L1575P)(25.0%,7/28),PEST结构域突变最多位于氨基酸位点2443(14.3%,4/28);初诊时白细胞计数大于10×109/L者NOTCH1突变组显著高于无突变组(91.7%vs 54.5%,P=0.021);骨髓原始及幼稚淋巴细胞比例超过50%者突变组显著高于无突变组(95.8%vs 57.1%,P=0.006);流式免疫表型CD10阳性表达率突变组显著高于无突变组(51.9%vs 0%,P=0.006)),CD15和CD11b阳性表达率突变组显著低于无突变组(分别为5.3%vs 42.9%,P=0.047和0%vs 57.1%,P=0.002)。结论:成人T-ALL的NOTCH1突变具有不同于儿童的突变特征和预后意义,而且中国成人T-ALL的NOTCH1突变与西方国家相比可能存在差异。

61例成人急性淋巴细胞白血病患者的临床特征和疗效分析

目的:探讨成人急性淋巴细胞白血病(acute lymphoblastic leukemia,ALL)患者的临床特征与疗效的关系。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2014年12月东南大学附属中大医院血液科连续收治的≥15岁的61例ALL患者临床资料。分析患者的临床和生物学特征与完全缓解率(CR)的关系。用COX回归进行与总生存时间(overall survival,OS)和无疾病生存时间(disease free survival,DFS)有关的危险因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果:61例患者经1个疗程诱导化疗后44例获得CR,总CR率72.13%。发病时年龄、初诊时外周血白细胞计数、初诊时有无CNS-L、髓系抗原表达、Ph染色体情况等均是影响诱导缓解率的重要因素(P<0.05)。61例患者2年OS率为28.13%,中位生存期为11个月(95%CI 9.58-12.42)。44例获得CR的患者中,2年OS率为39.57%,2年DFS率为34.29%。单因素分析显示,患者的发病年龄、初诊时WBC计数、诱导缓解是否达到CR、在CR后是否接受巩固治疗或异基因HSCT治疗,均为影响成人ALL的预后因素。多因素分析显示,发病时高龄(P=0.001)、诱导化疗未达到CR(P=0.018)及CR后未进行巩固治疗(P=0.027)是影响OS的独立危险因素;诱导化疗未达到CR(P=0.002)及CR后未进行巩固治疗(P=0.005)是影响DFS的独立危险因素。结论:成人ALL化疗的CR率高,但总OS率低,争取CR及在CR后继续巩固维持治疗可提高长期生存率。

PAX5基因在成人急性淋巴细胞白血病中的突变和表达特征研究

PAX5是paired-box(PAX)家族重要转录因子。本研究旨在深入探究PAX5基因在成人急性淋巴细胞白血病(acute lymphocytic leukemia,ALL)中的突变、表达特征及其临床意义。应用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、基因组PCR、克隆和测序技术等检测101例成人ALL患者PAX5基因片段缺失、PAX5基因外显子(exon)2-10的突变;采用定量PCR方法检测PAX5基因表达特征;并研究PAX5突变和表达与临床特征、实验室指标的相关性及其预后意义。结果显示,本组成人ALL患者PAX5突变率7.9%,均发生于B-ALL;共发现PAX5突变类型9种(缺失突变4种、点突变4种和插入突变1种);PAX5突变组年龄≥50岁患者数显著多于无突变组(62.5%vs 21.5%)(P=0.031);PAX5高表达与低表达组之间的B细胞亚型、初诊血小板计数和免疫表型有显著统计学差异(P<0.05);首次诱导治疗完全缓解率在PAX5高表达组高于低表达组(86.7%vs 62.5%)(P=0.030),6个月总生存率PAX5高表达组高于低表达组(75.0%vs 50.0%)(P=0.034)。结论:PAX5基因在成人B-ALL患者中存在缺失、插入和点突变等多种类型突变和异常表达,并与临床参数相关联,具有重要的临床意义。

成人急性淋巴细胞白血病CRLF2突变特点及其临床意义

目的:探讨成人急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)中CRLF2突变特点及其与预后关系。方法:特异性扩增CRLF2外显子,其后DNA纯化、测序,分析突变类型、突变发生率及其临床特点。结果:本组共检测到6种基因改变类型,其中R186S提示预后较好,L86I、F232F、W255C可能与预后不良有关。结论:CRLF2突变在成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的发生发展中起着重要作用,其存在可能提示不良预后。

成人急性T淋巴细胞白血病患者髓系抗原的表达

目的:观察成人急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)患者中髓系抗原(MyAg)的表达及意义。方法:采用CD45/SSC参数设门多色流式细胞术检测63例成人T-ALL患者骨髓细胞的免疫表型,分析MyAg+T-ALL患者的临床特征。结果:①49.2%的成人T-ALL患者表达MyAg,以CD13(33.3%)和CD33(25.4%)为主,CD117和CD64阳性率分别为12.7%和3.2%,未检测到CD14表达。②MyAg+T-ALL患者高白细胞性白血病和肝脾浸润发生率及CD2的表达均低于MyAg-T-ALL患者(χ2分别为6.232,5.769和4.872,P均<0.05),2组诱导死亡率(3/22vs3/29)及完全缓解率(14/19vs23/26)差异无统计学意义(χ2分别为0.006,1.640,P均>0.05)。MyAg单一表达或联合表达对成人T-ALL患者的临床特征无影响。结论:MyAg的表达在成人T-ALL中并不少见;MyAg表达与高白细胞性白血病、肝脾浸润、CD2表达有关,与诱导治疗反应无关。