Relationship among Health Related Quality of Life, Quality of Sleep, and Oral Health Condition

Japan’s aging rate (ratio of elderly aged 65 and older to total population) has exceeded 20%. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between Health Related Quality of Life, Body Mass Index (BMI), and sleep quality. Subjects were 51 adults over 55 years old with chronic disease who living in the community. Instruments and structured interviews were used giving due consideration to privacy. Interviews were conducted within 10 - 20 minutes at the out-patient department. The evaluation instruments included bodymass index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.321, p < 0.05) between PSQI and QOL (OHIP-14) scores was confirmed with sleep quality being lower with lower QOL scores. A negative correlation (ρ = ?0.339, p < 0.05) between physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) of HRQOL was confirmed, demonstrating that PCS was low, and the level of MCS was high. Sleep quality was found lower among those with lower oral health-related QOL scores. Moreover, in subjects with lower MCS scores, the PCS scores were found to be higher. Accordingly, it was considered appropriate that dental treatment and care, support the maintenance of activities and sleep, and mental health promotion which are likely requisites critical for elderly persons’ maintenance of independent lifestyles in their familiar community.

中国四省55岁及以上人群轻度认知功能障碍变化情况及其人口经济学影响

目的探讨中国河北省、浙江省、陕西省和湖南省(四省)≥55岁人群轻度认知功能障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)变化情况及其人口经济学影响。方法选取“神经系统疾病专病社区队列研究”未患阿尔兹海默病、参与两轮调查、具有完整的基线人口经济学数据及两轮认知功能数据者4687人,采用广义估计方程分析人口经济学因素对MCI的影响。结果2018年和2020年中国四省≥55岁未患阿尔兹海默病人群MCI检出率分别为48.56%和42.56%。基线认知功能正常(normal cognition,NC)者MCI发生率为30.11%,基线MCI者逆转率为44.24%。多因素分析结果显示,随年龄增加、家庭人均月收入降低,MCI发生风险增加,MCI逆转可能性减小。在基线NC人群中,初中及以上组发生MCI的风险比文盲组低35%(RR=0.65,95%CI 0.53~0.80);居住在农村者MCI发生风险较城市居民低(RR=0.56,95%CI 0.49~0.65);有慢性病史者发生MCI风险是无慢性病史者的1.17倍(95%CI 1.03~1.32)。在基线MCI人群中,随文化程度提升,MCI逆转可能性增加;有工作者MCI逆转可能性是无工作者的1.04倍(95%CI 1.00~1.08)。结论中国四省≥55岁人群MCI发生率和逆转率均较高。高龄、文化程度低、收入水平低是认知功能障碍的危险因素。