Perceptions of the effectiveness of Advanced Practice Nurses on a neurosurgery unit in a Canadian Tertiary Care Centre:A pre-and-post implementation design

Objectives:A framework for the advanced practice nurse(APN)role was developed in our Canadian Tertiary Care Centre,delineating five domains of advanced nursing practice:clinical practice,consultation,research,education and leadership.The goal of this study was to evaluate perceptions of the effectiveness of the implementation of an innovative APN role on an in-patient Neurosurgery unit.Methods:A pre-and-post implementation design,incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data,was utilized.An innovative APN role was implemented within the Neurosurgery program focusing on the clinical domain and required the successful candidates to be NP prepared.This APN role was designed to improve patient flow,documentation,communication and patient and staff satisfaction.Three primary outcomes were measured:pre-implementation questionnaire(nurses),post-implementation questionnaire(nurses and residents)and number of pages to the on-call resident.Results:Survey scores by nurses and residents indicated improvement across all aspects studied.Average scores increased from 1.1 to 2.6,reflecting an overall statistically significant increase.The number of pages to the on-call resident also showed a decrease.Conclusion:Perceptions of patient care delivery and professional collaboration improved following implementation of the APN role.Responses indicated that APNs significantly impacted patient care and improved nurses and residents'job satisfaction.

A review of advanced practice nursing in the United States, Canada, Australia and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China

This paper provides an overview of Advanced Practice Nursing(APN)in the USA,Canada,Australia and Hong Kong.It is based upon documents presented to the China Medical Board(CMB)China Nursing Network(CNN)as background for discussions held by the CNN in Shanghai.It discusses the APN role in these countries and regions according to topics identified by the CNN.These are APN educational preparation;role legitimacy;capacity requirements;scope of practice,domains of activities and limited rights for prescription and referral;professional promotion ladder;accreditation system;and,perfor-mance evaluation system.Both Canada and Australia have adapted many aspects of the USA model of APN to fit their specific legislative requirements and local conditions.Hong Kong has taken a different path which may be of interest in the Chinese context.

Strategic directions and actions for advanced practice nursing in China

There is a need and opportunity for China to develop education and practice innovations given that advance practice nurses (APNs) improve health care and outcomes.The China Medical Board (CMB)China Nursing Network (CCNN) began planning for an Advanced Nursing Practice Program for education and career development that will facilitate CCNN's contributions to meeting national nursing policy priorities.This paper presents the discussion,recommendations and action plans developed at the inaugural planning meeting on June 26,2015 at Fudan University in Shanghai.The recommendations are:Develop standards for advanced nursing practice;Develop Master's level curricula based on the standards;Commence pilot projects across a number of University affiliated hospitals;and Prepare clinical tutors and faculty.The strategic directions and actions are: Develop a clinical career ladder system;Expand the nursing role from hospital to community;and Build a specialty nurse accreditation system.

A survey of moral distress in certified registered nurse anesthetists:A theoretical perspective for change in ethics education for advance practice nurses

Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between moral distress that may affect patient safety,and the clinical practice model,assessing ethical decision-making skills of certified registered nurse anesthetists(CRNAs).Methods:A survey using the Ethical Stress Scale(ESS)and the Ethical Assessment Skills Survey(EASS)was conducted with 134 CRNAs.Results:Results indicated no significant effect of practice model on level of moral distress or perceived ethical assessment skill knowledge[Wilks's lambda=0.952,F(6,256)=1.068,P=0.382,n^(2)=0.02].A statistically significant positive correlation existed between importance and skill(r=0.275,P=0.001).CRNAs felt skilled to manage the actions or activities they deemed important.Conclusion:CRNAs who perceived a higher skill level in addressing ethical issues experienced lower levels of moral distress.Findings indicate content-specific curricula for the CRNAs need to be evaluated for ethical decision-making skill assessment content.

Contextualisation of Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure Model through Development of Curricula for Advanced Practice Nursing and Midwifery

Background: An Advanced Practice Nurse is a generalist or specialized nurse who has acquired thorough graduate education a minimum of a master’s degree. The need for Advanced Practice Nurses is increasingly recognized globally. This paper describes the process, which was undertaken by School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia in reviewing and developing advanced practice nursing and midwifery curricula which will be implemented using the Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure model (EECE). Materials and Methods: The curricula development/review process utilized a modified Taba’s Model which followed a step-by-step approach including: 1) desk review, 2) diagnosis of needs (needs assessment), 3) stakeholder consultations, 4) content development, 5) validations and approval from which several lessons were learnt and recommendations made. Findings and recommendations from different stages were used as a basis for reviewing and developing advanced practice nursing and midwifery curricula. Results: Desk review needs assessment and stakeholder consultations identified both strengths and weaknesses in the existing curricula. Major strengths were duration and core courses which met the minimum requirement for postgraduate nursing and midwifery training. Major weaknesses/gaps included some content that was too basic for the master’s level and the delayed exposure to practicum sites which limited the development of advanced practice skills. Others were inadequate competence for advanced practice, inadequate research methodology course, lack of content to foster development of personal soft skills and predominant use of traditional teaching methods. Stakeholders recommended implementing advanced, clinical and hands-on Masters of Nursing and Midwifery programmes which resulted in the review of four existing and development of five demand-driven curricula. Conclusion: The reviewed and developed curricula were strengthened to close the identified gaps. Both the reviewed and developed curricula have been implemented using the Early and Enhanced Clinical Exposure Model with a view to producing Advanced Practice Nurses and Midwives who are competent to meet diverse health care needs and contribute to improving patient outcomes.

Nurses Perception of Advance Nurse Practitioners Roles in Public Hospitals: A Qualitative Study

Aim: To explore the nurses’ perceptions about the advanced nurses’ practitioner’s role in public hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Background: Advanced nurse practitioners are one of the leading professionals who contribute to health promotion, disease prevention, health counseling and patient education. However, misunderstandings of their roles may have an impact on the performances of the function that limits their access and the use of significant resources that can help patients to obtain treatment. Methods: This is a qualitative exploratory study conducted on nurses working in three public hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among fourteen nurses between October-January 2020. The three public hospitals were based in Eastern (1) and Central (2) Saudi Arabia regions. Data analysis was conducted through thematic analysis utilizing inductive and deductive coding. Results: The study found that the role of Advanced Practice Nurses will enhance, motivate, and sustain the status of nurses in Saudi Arabia. Findings indicated that advanced practitioners’ educational preparedness, organizational, and contextual factors are important factors that need to be addressed to promote their role and to improve nurse’s perception about the APN role in clinical practice. Conclusion: This research provided new evidence to support the need to raise understanding of the role of advanced nurse practitioners among nurse members, advanced nurses and clinical nurse specialists who wish to enhance quality healthcare delivery and job satisfaction in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Recognizing the factors that comprise the function and status of APNs will assist health-care officials to make informed decisions when designing a national policy and a plan for the implementation and the development of the role of APNs.

Current status of clinical nursing specialists and the demands of osteoporosis specialized nurses in China's Mainland

The clinical nursing specialist(CNS)is an expert who applies an expanded range of practical,theoretical,and research-based competencies to the care of patients within in a specialty clinical area within the larger discipline of nursing.A large number of studies consistently conclude that the CNS is a valuable healthcare resource that provides highquality clinical and evidence-based nursing practice and improves patient outcome.The CNS has been involved in healthcare practices for many years,with an increasingly diverse role.However,the training for the CNS in China is only in a preliminary developmental stage.The aim of this article is to review the history and development of the CNS role.Furthermore,the epidemiologic status of osteoporosis,as well as the feasibility and necessity of developing training programs in China for the osteoporosis CNS,will be discussed.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)

Objective： This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of clinical nurse specialist （CNS） interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. COPD significantly affects people＇s health worldwide. With the development in nursing, CNSs are playing increasingly important roles in different departments. However, the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in COPD are not as well organized as the studies on the effectiveness of CNSs in bronchiectasis and asthma. Therefore, this review aims to find some updated evidence on the CNS interventions for patients with COPD and on whether these interventions are effective.Methods： A narrative analysis of the data was performed for the eligible studies. Four databases were chosen： CINAHL, MEDLINE, British Nursing Index, and Cochrane Library. Other websites such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, National Health Service Evidence, Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists, and National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialist were searched as well. Two reviewers performed study identification independently, and all the retrieved articles were stored using the EndNote X7 software. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration＇s risk of bias tool. Results： A total of nine studies were included in this review. There were five current interventions by CNSs for patients with COPD. These interventions were home nursing support, CNS]s supported discharge, multidisciplinary cooperation programs, nurse-led care programs, and self-care management education. The effectiveness of these five interventions was evaluated individually. There is low- to moderate-quality evidence indicating that home nursing support interventions may have a positive effect on mortality and quality of life. No significant difference in quality of life has been found between the CNS-supported discharge intervention and the usual service. The multidisciplinary cooperation program probably had a positive effect on quality ot life in patients with COPD. Both nurse-led care and self-care management education intervention had a positive effect on mortality of patients with COPD.Conclusions： The findings of this review provide updated evidence on the effectiveness of CNS interventions for patients with COPD. Although nine trials were included and five types of interventions were identified, there is still lack of high-quality evidence.

Advanced practice nurses transitional care promotes anticoagulation therapy of warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients in South China

Background Advanced practice chronic conditions. However, nurse transitional care has been proofed to be important for older adults with such effectiveness has never been studied in the management of appropriate Warfarin use in clinical practice. Methods A total of 97 patients were randomly distributed into control group who received usual care, and interventional group who received transitional care provided by APNs. A 12-month observation of both groups were recorded by physicians and APNs and the impact of APNs on the managing of Warfarin therapy was also evaluated based on time in the therapeutic range （TTR）. Results APNs transitional care significantly （P 〈 0.01） improved patients＇ adherence, increased TTR and high TTR ratio compared with control group. Re-admission due to stroke was significantly （P 〈 0.01） reduced by APNs transitional care. Conclusion APNs transitional care improves patients＇ knowledge on AF and reduces stroke risk. The current research strongly suggest the necessity of APNs transitional interventional in managing anticoagulation therapy in AF patients in China.

What are the barriers to implementing nurse practitioners’ role in health settings?

Background:Nurse practitioners can assist the healthcare system by administering care to patients with medical or complex or chronic conditions by providing medical and nursing care in an expanded scope of practice.However,there are barriers that influence the implementation of nurse practitioners'role in health settings.Influences among systemic or organization levels have impeded nurse practitioners'role implementation.All 10 studies included in this integrative review are critically explained based on the relevant information categorised into three themes:a lack of clarity regarding nurse practitioners'role,fees for service physician remuneration and resistance from other health professionals.The 10 studies included in this integrative review reveal barriers to nurse practitioners'role implementation in health settings.Objectives:The aim of this integrative literature review is to identify the barriers to implement the nurse practitioners'role.Therefore,the following research question is posed:"What are the barriers to implementing the nurse practitioners'role in health settings?".Methods:An integrative review of the medical and nursing research literature has been conducted using a systemic search accessing CINAHL,Medline,Scopus and PubMed databases.The identified 287 articles have been narrowed to 10 articles based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.A limitation search was applied at the beginning of the search phase to assist in identifying the range and type of studies potentially available for synthesis.The srearch was limited to human,peer reviewed and full text articles available in English language without a date limitation to obtain a large number of avilable studies that were relevant to the topic.Finding:The literature search resulted in 10 primary studies that met the inclusion criteria.All studies included in this integrative review reveal barriers to nurse practitioners'role implementation in health settings.All studies found three barriers that can impact on the implementation which are:the lack of clarity of nurse practitioners'role,fees for service physician remuneration and resistance from other health professionals.Conclusion:Health settings must prepare the surrounding environment and the culture before implementing a new role,such as that of nurse practitioners.Implementing new roles into the organization is not straightforward:multiple influences can affect the implementation,such as barriers.Understanding the involvement of nurse practitioners'role in health settings by health care providers have to be visible and clear and changes that may occur as a result of implementing the role need to be identified to ensure the successful implementation.

高级实践护士角色能力评价研究进展

目前国际上较认可的高级实践护士(APN)角色能力评价工具有APN评估工具包、Scarpa的APN角色评估工具、Strong高级实践角色描述工具(M-Strong APRD)和胜任力角色评价工具(PEAC Tool)等。角色能力评价指标包括患者质量安全指标、护理专业发展指标、多学科合作指标和对医疗保健系统的影响指标等。本文旨在总结国际上APN角色能力评价的方法,为我国APN角色能力评价提供理论依据。在临床应用时,可将角色能力评价工具和角色能力评价指标相结合,综合应用多维度的评价方式进行全面地评价,以更好地明确APN的独立贡献。

高级护理实践课程思政“永生花”体系的构建与实践

目的构建高级护理实践课程思政“永生花”体系,解决课程思政痛点问题。方法调研分析学情,梳理传统课程思政的不足,构建高级护理实践课程思政“永生花”体系,在2022级护理研究生中进行教学改革。结果该体系解决了传统课程思政的痛点问题,使学生专业学习有收获、思政育人有成效、科研创新有成果、师资团队有影响。研究结果显示,学生经教改后的人文素养、职业认同感和考试成绩得分均高于教改前,并高于接受传统教学的学生(均P<0.05)。结论该体系为培养符合国家健康战略需求、人民健康需要的高水平护理硕士提供了借鉴。

基于高级实践护士核心能力的护理研究生综合实训实践教学模式的设计与实施

目的:构建基于高级实践护士核心能力为导向的护理研究生综合实训实践教学模式,并探讨其实施效果。方法:以2021级103名护理研究生为对照组,2022级145名护理研究生为试验组。对照组采用传统综合护理实践教学方法进行培养,试验组采用基于高级实践护士核心能力为主导的综合实训实践教学模式进行培养,比较两组护生实训成绩和教学满意度。结果:对照组实训成绩(80.19±7.61)分,试验组(85.00±6.98)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);且试验组教学满意度高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:基于高级实践护士核心能力为导向的护理研究生综合实训实践教学模式可有效提高护理综合实训的教学质量,并提高教学满意度。

导航护士的国际经验及其对我国的启示

文章概述了国外导航护士的定义及相近概念,从承担者、角色职能、工作内容、实践过程来分析国外导航护士的实践及临床效益和社会效益,探讨其对我国的启示,以期为我国导航护士的实践和护理人才培养提供借鉴。

帕金森病专科护士的教育培训及资格认证现状

帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)是一种常见于中老年人的神经系统退变性疾病,临床上以静止性震颤、运动迟缓、肌强直和姿势平衡障碍为主要特征[1],将导致患者有不同程度的功能损害并伴随生活质量降低[2]。中晚期帕金森病患者睡眠障碍、消化道症状明显重于早期帕金森病患者[3-4],产生病耻感,严重影响患者生活质量和社会负担。帕金森病专科护士为帕金森人群护理提供科学、高效的护理方案,发挥其职能及核心作用。

护理硕士研究生对高级实践护士的认知与期望现状及影响因素分析

目的:了解护理硕士研究生对高级实践护士(APN)的期望和认知现状,分析其影响因素。方法:于2023年10月~11月,采用便利抽样法,以设有护理硕士学位点的6所高等院校的全日制在读护理硕士研究生为研究对象,采用自行编制的“护理硕士研究生对APN角色的期望与认知调查问卷”进行问卷调查,并分析其影响因素。结果:共有294名全日制在读护理硕士研究生参与本研究,其中期望APN的工作形式为负责整体管理、不具体分管床位者占比47.96%;期望其在科室的权力与护士长相同者占比55.78%;期望通过APN基地脱产培训完成认证考核者占比56.12%。在认知方面,护理硕士研究生对APN的认知总分为(44.06±8.67)分,其中角色定位维度得分最低;多元线性回归分析显示,认知水平的影响因素包括未来从事临床护理的家庭支持情况、所在高校开设高级护理实践相关课程的情况、研究生导师类型、硕士学位类型,共可解释回归方程32.4%的变异量。结论:护理硕士研究生在对APN的角色期望表现出临床实践逃避意愿,倾向于从事管理工作;对APN的认知处于中等水平,应注重从提升护理硕士研究生从事临床护理的家庭支持、改善高校开设高级护理实践相关课程的情况、关注不同导师类型及学位类型的护理硕士研究生的培养差异等方面提升其对APN的认知水平和树立积极的临床实践价值观,推动APN在我国的发展。

中美营养支持专科护士的发展现状及启示

对美国和我国营养支持专科护士的起源与发展、准入条件与认证考核、实践范畴、培养模式以及对美国营养支持专科护士的优点进行分析,并针对我国营养支持专科护士的现状提出建议,以期为我国营养支持专科护士的发展提供参考。

置信职业行为在高级实践护士培养中的应用进展

介绍了置信职业行为的定义、置信职业行为与胜任力的关系,分析了置信职业行为在高级实践护士培养中的开发与应用,对国内外高级实践护士置信职业行为框架进行比较与分析,提出置信职业行为为高级实践护士的胜任力评估提供了一个有效的工具和方法,护理教育者应构建我国的置信职业行为框架,以期为我国未来高级实践护士的培养与评价提供依据。

护士处方权研究现状及策略探索

为有效解决人口老龄化、慢性病高发、医生短缺等全球化重大卫生挑战,护士处方已成为国外医疗机构优化卫生资源配置、提高医疗效率和满足患者需求的有效手段。而随着我国专科护士队伍的不断壮大,授予其护士处方权已成为中国护理事业发展的迫切需求之一。本文对护士处方权的职责范围、应用场景、积极意义以及制约因素等方面进行综述,并提出相对应的策略和建议,为后续促进处方权在我国本土化推行提供理论依据和参考。

澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位人才培养现状及启示

通过比较我国与澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位研究生人才培养项目在办学规模、师资情况、教育模式、课程设置、临床实践与评估、毕业要求方面的现状,提出了立足我国实际的教学改革建议,为完善具有中国特色的护理硕士专业学位研究生教育培养体系,培养健康中国建设所需要的高级护理人才提供参考。