Pulse oximetry in pediatric care:Balancing advantages and limitations

BACKGROUND Pulse oximetry has become a cornerstone technology in healthcare,providing non-invasive monitoring of oxygen saturation levels and pulse rate.Despite its widespread use,the technology has inherent limitations and challenges that must be addressed to ensure accurate and reliable patient care.AIM To comprehensively evaluate the advantages,limitations,and challenges of pulse oximetry in clinical practice,as well as to propose recommendations for optimizing its use.METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies related to pulse oximetry and its applications in various clinical settings.Relevant articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria,and data were synthesized to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic.RESULTS Pulse oximetry offers numerous advantages,including non-invasiveness,real-time feedback,portability,and costeffectiveness.However,several limitations and challenges were identified,including motion artifacts,poor peripheral perfusion,ambient light interference,and patient-specific factors such as skin pigmentation and hemoglobin variants.Recommendations for optimizing pulse oximetry use include technological advancements,education and training initiatives,quality assurance protocols,and interdisciplinary collaboration.CONCLUSION Pulse oximetry is crucial in modern healthcare,offering invaluable insights into patients’oxygenation status.Despite its limitations,pulse oximetry remains an indispensable tool for monitoring patients in diverse clinical settings.By implementing the recommendations outlined in this review,healthcare providers can enhance the effectiveness,accessibility,and safety of pulse oximetry monitoring,ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of care.

Defining Quantum Advantage for Building a Sustainable MVP to Deliver Quantum Computing Services

Quantum Computing (QC) is hailed as the future of computers. After Google’s claim of achieving Quantum Supremacy in 2019, several groups challenged the claim. Some QC experts attribute catastrophic risks that unrestrained QC may cause in the future by collapsing the current cryptographic cybersecurity infrastructure. These predictions are relevant only if QC becomes commercially viable and sustainable in the future. No technology can be a one-way ticket to catastrophe, and neither can the definition of superiority of that technology be. If there are catastrophic risks, large-scale QC can never enter the public domain as a minimum viable product (MVP) unless there are safeguards in place. Those safeguards should obviously become an integral part of the definition of its superiority over the legacy systems. NIST (National Institute of Standards & Technology) is pursuing the standardization of Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) as that safeguard. However, with all the 82 candidate PQCs failing and companies already offering QC as a service, there’s an urgent need for an alternate strategy to mitigate the impending Q-Day threat and render QC sustainable. Our research proposes a novel encryption-agnostic cybersecurity approach to safeguard QC. It articulates a comprehensive definition of an MVP that can potentially set a sustainable gold standard for defining commercially viable quantum advantage over classical computing.

The Role of Digitalization in Enhancing Outward Foreign Direct Investment:New Advantages for Chinese Enterprises

With the rapid development of big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,and other technologies,digital construction has gradually become a crucial means of enterprise development,significantly impacting the operation and management activities of enterprises.Outward Foreign Direct Investment(OFDI)is one of the key pathways for Chinese enterprises to“go global,”contributing to improved economic efficiency and promoting national economic development.Therefore,studying the advantages of digitalization in OFDI activities will aid in exploring effective methods for Chinese enterprises to engage in OFDI within the digital economy and provide an important foundation for strategic enterprise planning and national policy formulation.This paper combines the current state of OFDI among Chinese enterprises,analyzes the advantages and roles of digital construction in OFDI,and explores relevant countermeasures,aiming to provide theoretical references for enterprises’OFDI activities in the context of digitalization.

Evaluation of the Clinical Advantages of Laparoscopic Transverse Abdominal Wall Suspension in the Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Objective:To evaluate the clinical advantages of laparoscopic transverse abdominal wall suspension in treating pelvic organ prolapse.Methods:Sixty patients diagnosed with moderate to severe pelvic organ prolapse and underwent surgical treatment in our hospital between January 2022 and December 2023 were selected.According to different surgical methods,they were divided into an observation group(given laparoscopic transverse abdominal wall suspension)and a control group(given transvaginal mesh implantation),with 30 subjects/group.The data on perioperative-related indicators,quality of life scores,postoperative recurrence,and complications of the two groups of patients were collected.Results:The postoperative hospitalization days and intraoperative bleeding volume of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,but had longer operation time than that of the control group(P<0.05).The differences between the two groups were statistically significant 6 months after surgery,and the Pelvic Floor Disease Quality of Life Impact Questionnaire(PFIQ-7)score of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Both groups of patients completed 12 months of follow-up without any postoperative recurrence.The number of complications in the observation group was slightly lower than that of the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic transverse abdominal wall suspension was more effective in treating pelvic organ prolapse and is an ideal surgical procedure.

Comparative Advantage and Latecomer Advantage

To achieve development,developing countries must capitalize on their relative advantages,including comparative advantage and latecomer advantages.A country must develop an industrial structure that is consistent with the comparative advantage of its factor structure in order to avoid the trap of“structural catch-up”that stifles development.The issue for developing countries is that their comparative advantage in core factors of production is unstable and tends to decrease and dissipate.Such a comparative advantage cannot provide adequate growth for convergence to occur.Developed countries,on the other hand,can sustain economic growth due to their comparative advantage in high-quality factors.Latecomer advantage refers to the ability of developing countries to increase their knowledge factor in a cost-effective manner by learning,importing,assimilating,and using knowledge and technology that already exist.Although comparative and latecomer advantages may have a combined effect,each has its distinct characteristics.Latecomer advantage is a special development factor that applies to latecomers.It is crucial at all stages of development,but especially so in the middle-income stage and beyond.Bringing latecomer advantage into full play is essential for developing nations to converge with the advanced countries.

Advantages and Development Prospects of Building Information Modelling(BIM)Technology Application in Highway Engineering

Based on the advantages of the application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology in highway engineering,this paper analyzes the difficulties of its in-depth application,grasps the pain points of the application of BIM technology in practice,and approaches from the integration of BIM design-construction.This paper also puts forward the integration of cross-stage information based on the BIM+Geographic Information System(GIS)construction information management system to realize the BIM whole life cycle management,and provides directional support for the continuous and efficient application of BIM technology in engineering practice.

Comparative advantages of chemical compositions of specific edible vegetable oils

As important supplementary to major edible oils, comparative chemical advantages of minor edible oils decidetheir development and usage. In this study, chemical composition of 13 kinds of specific edible vegetable oilswere investigated. The comparative advantages of chemical compositions of these edible oils were obtained asfollows: (1) camellia, tiger nut and almond oil were rich in oleic acid, the contents of which accounted for79.43%, 69.16% and 66.26%, respectively;(2) safflower oil contained the highest content of linoleic acid(76.69%), followed by grape seed (66.85%) and walnut oil (57.30%);(3) perilla seed, siritch, peony seed andherbaceous peony seed oil were rich in α-linolenic acid (59.61%, 43.74%, 40.83% and 30.84%, respectively);(4)the total phytosterol contents of these oils ranged from 91.46 mg/100 g (camellia oil) to 506.46 mg/100 g (siritchoil);and (5) The best source of tocopherols was sacha inchi oil (122.74 mg/100 g), followed by perilla seed oil(55.89 mg/100 g), peony seed oil (53.73 mg/100 g) and herbaceous peony seed oil (47.17 mg/100 g). Thecomparative advantages of these specific edible oils indicated that they possess the high potential nutritionalvalues and health care functions.

Utilizing Dynamic Data to Quickly Evaluate Advantageous Channels and Applications

In response to the high cost and difficulty of high-speed development and testing data in offshore oil fields, this paper proposes to use the most easily available production performance data as the basis and use the grey correlation method to calculate the correlation coefficient between oil and water wells to characterize the degree of development of advantageous channels. The consistency between the calculated results of this method and the tracer test results is over 80%. Based on the fitting results, the correlation coefficient exceeds 0.74 to determine the existence of an advantageous channel. According to the research results of grey correlation method, Bohai K oilfield has completed the combined profile control and flooding measures, and the daily oil production has increased by 20 m3/d. This method is simple, fast, and can achieve quantitative evaluation, which saves time and investment compared to offshore testing. It has strong application and reference value for the development of other offshore water injection oilfields.

Evolution of Growth Model and Cultivation of Competitive Advantages Under the Ambidextrous Innovation Strategy: In the Case of China’s High-Tech Enterprises

This study focuses on the evolution of growth model and cultivation of competitive advantages under the ambidextrous innovation strategy.After a brief introduction of the connotation of ambidextrous innovation strategy,the evolution of growth model of high-tech enterprises under the conventional strategy and the ambidextrous innovation strategy is analyzed.Furthermore,a discussion is made on how to cultivate enterprises’competitive advantages under the ambidextrous innovation strategy,thereby enabling enterprises to stand out from competitors under this new strategic model and truly achieve the goal of sustainable development.

Advantages & Disadvantages of Online CAS

Online Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) have become increasingly popular among students and teachers. The reasons are many such as being more flexible, simple to use, accessible from anywhere, etc. However, as with any educational tool, they also have some disadvantages that we should know. The purpose of this study is to analyze advantages and disadvantages of online CASs and propose some techniques to optimize CAS performance in order to reduce weaknesses. The research results reveal that online CAS versions are on the rise but lag in some capabilities in comparison with desktop versions.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of IT in English Education

About English education, the application of information technology brings a great convenience,but there is also some problems.

Comparative Advantage of Maize Production in Jilin Province

The comparative advantage of maize production in Jilin Province was analyzed based on the sow area index,unit yield index,benefit index and comprehensive comparative advantage index in this study.The results showed that compared with other provinces in China,there was obvious comparative advantage in sow area index and unit yield index of maize in Jilin,the average of which stood for the first and the fourth in China from 2002 to 2006;there was no comparative advantage of benefit index compared with the average value of the whole countries,the average of which stood for the 14th in China from 2002 to 2006;the comprehensive comparative advantage in Jilin provincial maize production showed significant comparative advantage,the average of which stood for the fourth in China from 2002 to 2006.On the basis of the above,the suggestions to develop maize production in Jilin province had been put forward.

Spatial Characteristic Analysis of the Comparative Advantage of Watermelon and Melon Production in Hainan Province

[Objective] This study investigated the spatial characteristics of counties （cities） with comparative advantages in watermelon and melon production to provide reference bases in formulating strategies for the development of watermelon and melon industries in Hainan Province. [Method] By using the sowing area, total yield, and yield per unit area of watermelon and melon in Hainan Province as research u- nits, the yield comparative advantage （YCA）, efficiency comparative advantage （E- CA）, scale comparative advantage （SCA）, concentration ratio comparative advantage （CRCA）, comprehensive comparative advantage （CCA）, ratio of yield per unit area （RYPA）, sowing area ratio （SAR）, and distribution characteristics of watermelon and melon were systematically analyzed. By referring to the agricultural statistic data of 18 counties （cities） in Hainan Province, indexes for each research unit （i.e., the YCA index, ECA index, SCA index, CRCA index, CCA index, RYPA index, and SAR index） were established and calculated to determine the comparative advantage of watermelon and melon production in Hainan Province. A spatial expression of the research result on a map was conducted by using GIS software. [Result] Seven counties （cities） exhibited comparative advantages in watermelon production, namely, Lingshui, Wanning, Wenchang, Dongfang, Sanya, Ledong, and Changjiang. The Eastern and Southern Hainan Provinces had CCAs, and the Western and Northern Hainan Provinces could be reserved for future development. For melon production, four counties （cities） exhibited comparative advantages, namely, Ledong, Lingshui, Sanya, and Dongfang. The Southern Hainan Province had CCA, whereas the West- ern Hainan Province could be reserved for later development. [Conclusion] The result has showed that establishing watermelon and melon as dominant agricultural prod- ucts is necessary for the future development of the industry and for the formulation of a layout of regions with advantages, where key support and construction should be provided preferentially with the aim to raise the yield, quality, and market com- petitiveness of products.

Provincial Comparative Advantages of Watermelon Production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the spatial patterns of comparative advantage of watermelon production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, to pro-vide theoretical basis for the development of watermelon industry in China. [Method] Based on the agricultural statistics data of Guangxi and al over China, yield com-parative advantage （YCA） index, efficiency comparative advantage （ECA） index, scale comparative advantage （SCA） index, concentration ratio comparative advantage （CRCA） index, comprehensive comparative advantage （CCA） index, ratio of yield per unit area （RYPA） index and sowing area ratio （SAR） index were established and calculated to determine the watermelon production comparative advantages in 31 provinces （cities） in China. Spacial patterns of the comparative advantages were produced by using GIS software. [Result] Nine provinces Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hebei, Hubei, Jiangsu, Hunan, Zhejiang and Guangxi were the dominant regions in watermelon production al over the country. The Central and Eastern China showed the integrated comparative advantage in watermelon production, while the Southern, Northeastern, Northern and Northwestern China can be considered as the potential places for watermelon production in future. Southwest China gave more priority to watermelon production, so the comparative advantages kept increasing here. [Con-clusion] Based on this study, watermelon production should be a prior consideration among the agricultural products in Guangxi. Related measures should be developed to optimize the regional distribution of watermelon in Guangxi and China to promote healthy competition in watermelon production.

Evaluation and Characteristic Advantages of Rural Tourist Resources in Shaanxi Province,China

The concept of rural tourist resources was introduced to analyze the present rural tourism development in Shaanxi Province,tourist resources in its rural areas were investigated comprehensively,structures,quantity and quality of 7 major types of both natural and cultural tourist resources were evaluated,and resource combinations were also analyzed from the perspective of geological location.Characteristics and advantages of rural tourist resources in Shaanxi Province were summarized as "abundant,diversified and high-quality";rural cultural tourist resources took the Absolute predominance and had great development potentials;cultural tourist resources such as folk cultures had distinctive regional features;rural natural tourist resources had obvious regional characteristics;resources were reasonably combined,each resource region had its own features.This study aimed at providing scientific support for the development,planning and protection of rural tourist resources in Shaanxi Province.

Revealed comparative advantage and competitiveness of China’s agricultural products

This paper deals with the competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products, base on the index of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) using lots of data for the period of 1980 to 2003. The index is useful in identifying the demarcation between comparative advantage and comparative disadvantage. The research indicates that some agro-products in China such as edible vegetables and tea have a comparative advantage, but the RCA values have been declining over the 24-year period, which has vast impacts on future reform in China’s agricultural structure.

Advantage综合录井系统

该文简要介绍了Advantage综合录井系统的主要硬件结构和功能,较详细地阐述了计算机软件系统、快速色谱分析系统和Riglink远程传输系统,对Advantage系统中存在的问题进行简要分析,提出了应开展国产化改造建议。该系统的介绍对于指导综合录井系统设备引进和国产化改造与研制具有一定的指导作用。

关于GE CT Prospeed SX Advantage CTVRC故障的分析与解决

目的:从GE Prospeed SX Advantage螺旋CT部件CTVRC的故障入手,对故障由简入繁的进行分析解决。希望为维修人员对排除GE Prospeed SX Advantage螺旋CT部件CTVRC的故障起到抛砖引玉的作用。方法:总结分析并吸取同行维修人员的经验,对机器故障进行排查及维修。结果:通过对维修手册的详读,再综合所见的故障现象分析及他人的维修经验,成功的解决了GE Prospeed SX Advantage螺旋CT的CTVRC故障,使机器能正常的扫描及使用。讨论:在维修的过程中,不仅要有耐心,而且还要细心。任何一个小小的异常现象的发现都有可能成为解决问题的突破口。另外,应善于总结和汲取别人的维修经验。

Advantage综合录井仪数据采集系统国产化设计

在分析研究Advantage综合录井仪数据采集系统功能与原理的基础上,提出了一种数据采集系统国产化的思路,设计并研制了国产化数据采集系统。新系统从软、硬件两方面着手进行开发,研制了全新的系统软件和设备组成,使Advantage综合录井仪的使用和维护更加稳定、便捷,实现了对原进口设备的替代。

Advantages and Disadvantages of Fragmented Learning and Recommendations

The development of information technology has changed people's learning methods. Fragmented learning,as an informal learning method,has become an important way to accept new knowledge and learn new technologies. Through analyzing the connotation,characteristics,and advantages and disadvantages of fragmented learning,this paper came up with reasonable recommendations for fragmented learning. To truly become systematic and holistic knowledge,fragmented knowledge must be explored,understood,integrated and internalized. This paper is expected to play an important guiding role in building a lifelong learning society.