BACKGROUND Venous adventitial cystic disease(VACD)is a rare disease characterized by cysts,filled with a gelatinous mucous substance similar to joint fluid,in the adventitia of blood vessels adjacent to the joints.It ...BACKGROUND Venous adventitial cystic disease(VACD)is a rare disease characterized by cysts,filled with a gelatinous mucous substance similar to joint fluid,in the adventitia of blood vessels adjacent to the joints.It is often misdiagnosed as deep vein thrombosis(DVT),femoral varices,venous tumors,or lymphadenopathy.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old woman visited our hospital with a complaint of swelling in the right lower extremity.The patient was diagnosed with DVT and prescribed apixaban at an outpatient clinic.After 3 wk,the patient was hospitalized again because of sudden swelling in the right lower extremity.We diagnosed VACD and performed surgery for cyst removal as well as patch angioplasty and thrombectomy of the right common femoral vein.The patient received anticoagulants for 6 mo and has been doing well without recurrence for 1 year postoperatively.CONCLUSION Recurrent VACD requires complete removal of the connections to the joint cavity to prevent recurrence.展开更多
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a new technology for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, and for the support of coronary intervention. IVUS image segmentation often encounters difficulties when plaque and aco...Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a new technology for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, and for the support of coronary intervention. IVUS image segmentation often encounters difficulties when plaque and acoustic shadow are present A novel approach for hard plaque recognition and media-adventitia border detection of IVUS images is presented in this paper. The IVUS images were first enhanced by a spatial-frequency domain filter that was constructed by the directional filter and histogram equalization. Then, the hard plaque was recognized based on the intensity variation within different regions that were obtained using the k-means algorithm. In the next step, a cost matrix representing the probability of the media-adventitia border was generated by combining image gradient, plaque location and image intensity. A heuristic graph-searching was applied to find the media-adventitia border from the cost matrix.Experiment results showed that the accuracy of hard plaque recognition and media-adventitia border detection was 89.94% and 95.57%, respectively. In conclusion,using hard plaques recognition could improve media-adventitia border detection in IVUS images.展开更多
目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像信号特征在直肠癌浆膜层侵犯的应用。方法对53例直肠癌磁共振成像资料进行回顾性分析,根据术后病理切片标本将患者分为T2期与T3期2组。评估直肠肿瘤的信号强度比值(relative signal inten⁃sity,rSI)、直肠肿...目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像信号特征在直肠癌浆膜层侵犯的应用。方法对53例直肠癌磁共振成像资料进行回顾性分析,根据术后病理切片标本将患者分为T2期与T3期2组。评估直肠肿瘤的信号强度比值(relative signal inten⁃sity,rSI)、直肠肿瘤的边界模糊、边缘欠光整及表面扩散系数与直肠浆膜层受侵犯的相关性。结果T2期组33例,T3期组20例。两组患者的直肠肿瘤rSI、直肠肿瘤边缘欠光整等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,rSI、联合(rSI+边缘欠光整)诊断直肠癌浆膜层侵犯的敏感度和特异度分别为100%和57.6%、90%和66.7%,曲线下面积分别为0.826及0.903。结论rSI联合边缘欠光整与直肠癌浆膜层侵犯有相关性,对临床评估患者病情、指导临床治疗有一定的参考价值。展开更多
Interstitial fluid(ISF)flow through vascular adventitia has been discovered recently.However,its kinetic pattern was unclear.We used histological and topographical identification to observe ISF flow along venous vesse...Interstitial fluid(ISF)flow through vascular adventitia has been discovered recently.However,its kinetic pattern was unclear.We used histological and topographical identification to observe ISF flow along venous vessels in rabbits.By magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in live subjects,the inherent pathways of ISF flow from the ankle dermis through the legs,abdomen,and thorax were enhanced by paramagnetic contrast.By fluorescence stereomicroscopy and layer-by-layer dissection after the rabbits were sacrificed,the perivascular and adventitial connective tissues(PACTs)along the saphenous veins and inferior vena cava were found to be stained by sodium fluorescein from the ankle dermis,which coincided with the findings by MRI.The direction of ISF transport in a venous PACT pathway was the same as that of venous blood flow.By confocal microscopy and histological analysis,the stained PACT pathways were verified to be the fibrous connective tissues,consisting of longitudinally assembled fibers.Real-time observations by fluorescence stereomicroscopy revealed at least two types of spaces for ISF flow:one along adventitial fibers and another one between the vascular adventitia and its covering fascia.Using nanoparticles and surfactants,a PACT pathway was found to be accessible by a nanoparticle of<100 nm and contained two parts:a transport channel and an absorptive part.The calculated velocity of continuous ISF flow along fibers of the PACT pathway was 3.6-15.6 mm/s.These data revealed that a PACT pathway was a"slit-shaped"porous biomaterial,comprising a longitudinal transport channel and an absorptive part for imbibition.The use of surfactants suggested that interfacial tension might play an essential role in layers of continuous ISF flow along vascular vessels.A hypothetical"gel pump"is proposed based on interfacial tension and interactions to regulate ISF flow.These experimental findings may inspire future studies to explore the physiological and pathophysiological functions of vascular ISF or interfacial fluid flow among interstitial connective tissues throughout the body.展开更多
血管外膜成纤维细胞迁移参与形成新生内膜是一些血管疾病的共同发病过程。研究高血压动物模型的外膜成纤维细胞是否与对照组不同将有利于阐述高血压血管重塑的机制。本实验比较自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hy-pertensive rats,SHR)...血管外膜成纤维细胞迁移参与形成新生内膜是一些血管疾病的共同发病过程。研究高血压动物模型的外膜成纤维细胞是否与对照组不同将有利于阐述高血压血管重塑的机制。本实验比较自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hy-pertensive rats,SHR)与正常对照大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto rats,WKY)的血管外膜成纤维细胞在体外培养条件下迁移能力的差别,并对其机制进行了探讨。采用大鼠胸主动脉的培养血管外膜成纤维细胞,用Transwell技术测定培养细胞的迁移能力。用实时定量PCR技术检测mRNA表达。结果表明,在血清和bFGF趋化作用下,SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞的迁移活性显著强于WKY(每个视野平均迁移细胞数目,血清:35.20±5.26 vs 22.2±3.27,P<0.05;bFGF:30.23±4.54vs 19.20±4.47,P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞中的骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)mRNA水平显著高于WKY(1863.23±43.91 vs 326.24±68.29,P<0.01)。反义OPN(100 μmol/L)对血清诱导的SHR血管外膜成纤维细胞迁移有抑制作用(每个视野平均迁移细胞数目 38.60±5.98 vs 26.61±3.84,P<0.05)。而正义及错配义OPN组均无此效应。反义OPN对SHR细胞迁移的抑制作用呈浓度依赖性。上述结果证实SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞的迁移能力强于WKY。展开更多
基金the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIT),No.RS-2023-00223764.
文摘BACKGROUND Venous adventitial cystic disease(VACD)is a rare disease characterized by cysts,filled with a gelatinous mucous substance similar to joint fluid,in the adventitia of blood vessels adjacent to the joints.It is often misdiagnosed as deep vein thrombosis(DVT),femoral varices,venous tumors,or lymphadenopathy.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old woman visited our hospital with a complaint of swelling in the right lower extremity.The patient was diagnosed with DVT and prescribed apixaban at an outpatient clinic.After 3 wk,the patient was hospitalized again because of sudden swelling in the right lower extremity.We diagnosed VACD and performed surgery for cyst removal as well as patch angioplasty and thrombectomy of the right common femoral vein.The patient received anticoagulants for 6 mo and has been doing well without recurrence for 1 year postoperatively.CONCLUSION Recurrent VACD requires complete removal of the connections to the joint cavity to prevent recurrence.
文摘Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a new technology for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, and for the support of coronary intervention. IVUS image segmentation often encounters difficulties when plaque and acoustic shadow are present A novel approach for hard plaque recognition and media-adventitia border detection of IVUS images is presented in this paper. The IVUS images were first enhanced by a spatial-frequency domain filter that was constructed by the directional filter and histogram equalization. Then, the hard plaque was recognized based on the intensity variation within different regions that were obtained using the k-means algorithm. In the next step, a cost matrix representing the probability of the media-adventitia border was generated by combining image gradient, plaque location and image intensity. A heuristic graph-searching was applied to find the media-adventitia border from the cost matrix.Experiment results showed that the accuracy of hard plaque recognition and media-adventitia border detection was 89.94% and 95.57%, respectively. In conclusion,using hard plaques recognition could improve media-adventitia border detection in IVUS images.
文摘目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像信号特征在直肠癌浆膜层侵犯的应用。方法对53例直肠癌磁共振成像资料进行回顾性分析,根据术后病理切片标本将患者分为T2期与T3期2组。评估直肠肿瘤的信号强度比值(relative signal inten⁃sity,rSI)、直肠肿瘤的边界模糊、边缘欠光整及表面扩散系数与直肠浆膜层受侵犯的相关性。结果T2期组33例,T3期组20例。两组患者的直肠肿瘤rSI、直肠肿瘤边缘欠光整等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,rSI、联合(rSI+边缘欠光整)诊断直肠癌浆膜层侵犯的敏感度和特异度分别为100%和57.6%、90%和66.7%,曲线下面积分别为0.826及0.903。结论rSI联合边缘欠光整与直肠癌浆膜层侵犯有相关性,对临床评估患者病情、指导临床治疗有一定的参考价值。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82050004 and 81141118)the Beijing Hospital Clinical Research 121 Project(No.121-2016002)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB554507)Ms.Siu TUEN,Lucy Chan LAU,Mr.Waichun TIN,and Weiwu HU for their financial support。
文摘Interstitial fluid(ISF)flow through vascular adventitia has been discovered recently.However,its kinetic pattern was unclear.We used histological and topographical identification to observe ISF flow along venous vessels in rabbits.By magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in live subjects,the inherent pathways of ISF flow from the ankle dermis through the legs,abdomen,and thorax were enhanced by paramagnetic contrast.By fluorescence stereomicroscopy and layer-by-layer dissection after the rabbits were sacrificed,the perivascular and adventitial connective tissues(PACTs)along the saphenous veins and inferior vena cava were found to be stained by sodium fluorescein from the ankle dermis,which coincided with the findings by MRI.The direction of ISF transport in a venous PACT pathway was the same as that of venous blood flow.By confocal microscopy and histological analysis,the stained PACT pathways were verified to be the fibrous connective tissues,consisting of longitudinally assembled fibers.Real-time observations by fluorescence stereomicroscopy revealed at least two types of spaces for ISF flow:one along adventitial fibers and another one between the vascular adventitia and its covering fascia.Using nanoparticles and surfactants,a PACT pathway was found to be accessible by a nanoparticle of<100 nm and contained two parts:a transport channel and an absorptive part.The calculated velocity of continuous ISF flow along fibers of the PACT pathway was 3.6-15.6 mm/s.These data revealed that a PACT pathway was a"slit-shaped"porous biomaterial,comprising a longitudinal transport channel and an absorptive part for imbibition.The use of surfactants suggested that interfacial tension might play an essential role in layers of continuous ISF flow along vascular vessels.A hypothetical"gel pump"is proposed based on interfacial tension and interactions to regulate ISF flow.These experimental findings may inspire future studies to explore the physiological and pathophysiological functions of vascular ISF or interfacial fluid flow among interstitial connective tissues throughout the body.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science foundation of China(M3007030330270544).
文摘血管外膜成纤维细胞迁移参与形成新生内膜是一些血管疾病的共同发病过程。研究高血压动物模型的外膜成纤维细胞是否与对照组不同将有利于阐述高血压血管重塑的机制。本实验比较自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hy-pertensive rats,SHR)与正常对照大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto rats,WKY)的血管外膜成纤维细胞在体外培养条件下迁移能力的差别,并对其机制进行了探讨。采用大鼠胸主动脉的培养血管外膜成纤维细胞,用Transwell技术测定培养细胞的迁移能力。用实时定量PCR技术检测mRNA表达。结果表明,在血清和bFGF趋化作用下,SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞的迁移活性显著强于WKY(每个视野平均迁移细胞数目,血清:35.20±5.26 vs 22.2±3.27,P<0.05;bFGF:30.23±4.54vs 19.20±4.47,P<0.05)。进一步研究发现,SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞中的骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)mRNA水平显著高于WKY(1863.23±43.91 vs 326.24±68.29,P<0.01)。反义OPN(100 μmol/L)对血清诱导的SHR血管外膜成纤维细胞迁移有抑制作用(每个视野平均迁移细胞数目 38.60±5.98 vs 26.61±3.84,P<0.05)。而正义及错配义OPN组均无此效应。反义OPN对SHR细胞迁移的抑制作用呈浓度依赖性。上述结果证实SHR培养血管外膜成纤维细胞的迁移能力强于WKY。
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Priorities Programme of China(No.2004CB518603)and Key Project of Basic Research from Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.05JC14038).
文摘我们以往的研究表明,TGF-β1可以诱导血管外膜成纤维细胞(adventitiai fibroblasts,AFs)向肌成纤维细胞(myo- fibroblasts,MFs)分化。为寻找可能涉及MF分化的基因,本实验采用寡核苷酸芯片技术动态检测细胞表型转化过程中基因表达的变化,实时定量RT-PCR验证芯片结果。在芯片上的15866条总探针组中,2121个探针组在TGF-β1刺激后至少一个时间点的表达发生2倍以上变化,其中1318个基因表达上调,761个基因表达下调,还有少数基因(42个)在不同的时间点既有上调又有下调表达。在1231个已知功能基因中,分泌磷蛋白1(secreted phosphoprotein 1,APPI)、Rho- associated coiled-coil forming kinase 2(ROCK2)的表达趋势与标志基因α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SM-actin)的表达趋势相同,TGF-β1诱导MF分化过程中上调了电压门控性钾通道Shal家族成员2(potassium voltage-gated channel,Shal-related family and mem- ber 2,KCND2)的表达,这些基因参与了MF的分化；此外,还发现内皮素1(endothelin 1,EDN1)、补体成分、NADPH氧化酶4(NADPH oxidase 4,NOX4)和NAD(P)H dehydrogenase,quinone 1(NQO1)可能参与了MF分化。本实验用寡核苷酸芯片技术验证了通过其它技术证实的同MF分化相关的基因,并发现了新的涉及该过程的基因,基因表达谱研究有利于鉴定参与细胞分化的基因和通路。
