褐腐病是采后桃果实最主要的侵染性病害之一,而我国桃褐腐病主要是由链核盘菌属引起,会严重降低果实品质,造成大量损失。为解析桃果实病原菌胁迫响应机制,该文采用分光光度法测定抗病相关酶活性并基于转录组学解析桃果实响应果生链核盘...褐腐病是采后桃果实最主要的侵染性病害之一,而我国桃褐腐病主要是由链核盘菌属引起,会严重降低果实品质,造成大量损失。为解析桃果实病原菌胁迫响应机制,该文采用分光光度法测定抗病相关酶活性并基于转录组学解析桃果实响应果生链核盘菌的分子机制。结果发现,桃果实的过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶在侵染的不同时期启动了响应反应,参与了桃果实抵御果生链核盘菌侵染过程。基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析表明,桃果实对果生链核盘菌的侵染会产生复杂的防御反应。展开更多
The Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura(ATL)protein is a subfamily of the E3 ubiquitin ligases,which exists widely in plants and is extensively involved in plant growth and development.Although the ATL family has been ide...The Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura(ATL)protein is a subfamily of the E3 ubiquitin ligases,which exists widely in plants and is extensively involved in plant growth and development.Although the ATL family has been identified in other species,such as Arabidopsis,Oryza sativa,and grapevine,few reports on pear ATL gene families have been reported.In this study,92 PbrATL genes were identified and analyzed from the Pyrus breschneideri genome.Motif analysis and phylogenetic tree generation divided them into nine subgroups,and chromosome localization analysis showed that the 92 PbrATL genes were distributed in 16 of 17 pear chromosomes.Transcriptome data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)experiments demonstrated that PbrATL18,PbrATL41,and PbrATL88 were involved in both pear drought resistance and Colletotrichum fructicola infection.In addition,Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing PbrATL18 showed greater resistance to drought stress than the wild type(WT),and PbrATL18-silenced pear seedlings showed greater sensitivity to drought and C.fructicola infection than the controls.PbrATL18 regulated plant resistance by regulating chitinase(CHI),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities.This study provided a reference for further exploring the functions of the PbrATL gene in drought resistance and C.fructicola infection.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the middle ear is rare,with nonkeratinizing basaloid types being exceptionally uncommon.Distinguishing these cancers,often caused by viral factors(e.g.,human papilloma...BACKGROUND Primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the middle ear is rare,with nonkeratinizing basaloid types being exceptionally uncommon.Distinguishing these cancers,often caused by viral factors(e.g.,human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus),or specific genetic alterations(e.g.,bromodomain-containing protein 4-nuclear protein in testis fusion gene or Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene fused with FLI chromosomal rearrangement),from other cranial conditions,is difficult.The recently identified DEK::AFF2 non-keratinizing SCC(NKSCC)is a novel subtype,fitting the World Health Organization classification of head and neck neoplasms.Less than 30 cases have been reported,highlighting the need for further studies.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old female patient first exhibited signs of illness over 10 years ago with persistent discomfort in the left external auditory canal,accompanied by skin irritation and bleeding.One month prior to seeking professional help,she experienced hearing loss and a sensation of obstruction in the affected ear,intermittently accompanied by ringing sounds,but no dizziness.An unusual mass was detected in the left auditory canal,confirmed through biopsy as moderately differentiated epithelial squamous cancer cells.This led to her admission to our hospital,where the final diagnosis confirmed as“NKSCC linked to a positive DEK::AFF2 fusion”.The patient underwent surgical excision,followed by three cycles of local radiation therapy.Yet,metastasis to the lumbar vertebrae occurred 19 months post-treatment,followed by neck lymph node swelling detected three months after a physical examination.The patient died nine months later despite surgical removal of the metastatic lesion.CONCLUSION DEK::AFF2 gene fusion-associated NKSCC of the middle ear carries a grim prognosis and presents an emerging challenge.展开更多
文摘褐腐病是采后桃果实最主要的侵染性病害之一,而我国桃褐腐病主要是由链核盘菌属引起,会严重降低果实品质,造成大量损失。为解析桃果实病原菌胁迫响应机制,该文采用分光光度法测定抗病相关酶活性并基于转录组学解析桃果实响应果生链核盘菌的分子机制。结果发现,桃果实的过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶在侵染的不同时期启动了响应反应,参与了桃果实抵御果生链核盘菌侵染过程。基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析表明,桃果实对果生链核盘菌的侵染会产生复杂的防御反应。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD1200503)Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund[Grant No.CX(22)3046]+2 种基金the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32072538)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-28).
文摘The Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura(ATL)protein is a subfamily of the E3 ubiquitin ligases,which exists widely in plants and is extensively involved in plant growth and development.Although the ATL family has been identified in other species,such as Arabidopsis,Oryza sativa,and grapevine,few reports on pear ATL gene families have been reported.In this study,92 PbrATL genes were identified and analyzed from the Pyrus breschneideri genome.Motif analysis and phylogenetic tree generation divided them into nine subgroups,and chromosome localization analysis showed that the 92 PbrATL genes were distributed in 16 of 17 pear chromosomes.Transcriptome data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)experiments demonstrated that PbrATL18,PbrATL41,and PbrATL88 were involved in both pear drought resistance and Colletotrichum fructicola infection.In addition,Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing PbrATL18 showed greater resistance to drought stress than the wild type(WT),and PbrATL18-silenced pear seedlings showed greater sensitivity to drought and C.fructicola infection than the controls.PbrATL18 regulated plant resistance by regulating chitinase(CHI),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities.This study provided a reference for further exploring the functions of the PbrATL gene in drought resistance and C.fructicola infection.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the middle ear is rare,with nonkeratinizing basaloid types being exceptionally uncommon.Distinguishing these cancers,often caused by viral factors(e.g.,human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus),or specific genetic alterations(e.g.,bromodomain-containing protein 4-nuclear protein in testis fusion gene or Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene fused with FLI chromosomal rearrangement),from other cranial conditions,is difficult.The recently identified DEK::AFF2 non-keratinizing SCC(NKSCC)is a novel subtype,fitting the World Health Organization classification of head and neck neoplasms.Less than 30 cases have been reported,highlighting the need for further studies.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old female patient first exhibited signs of illness over 10 years ago with persistent discomfort in the left external auditory canal,accompanied by skin irritation and bleeding.One month prior to seeking professional help,she experienced hearing loss and a sensation of obstruction in the affected ear,intermittently accompanied by ringing sounds,but no dizziness.An unusual mass was detected in the left auditory canal,confirmed through biopsy as moderately differentiated epithelial squamous cancer cells.This led to her admission to our hospital,where the final diagnosis confirmed as“NKSCC linked to a positive DEK::AFF2 fusion”.The patient underwent surgical excision,followed by three cycles of local radiation therapy.Yet,metastasis to the lumbar vertebrae occurred 19 months post-treatment,followed by neck lymph node swelling detected three months after a physical examination.The patient died nine months later despite surgical removal of the metastatic lesion.CONCLUSION DEK::AFF2 gene fusion-associated NKSCC of the middle ear carries a grim prognosis and presents an emerging challenge.
