IN VITRO ANTI-HEPATOMA EFFECTS OF MONOCYTES AND KUPFFER CELLS ISOLATED FROM HEPATOMA PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH BIOLOGICAL IMMUNE STIMULANTS

Monocytes (MC), lymphocytes (LC) and Kupffer cells (KC) were isolated respectively from blood and surgical liver samples of patients suffering from he-patocellular carcinoma (HCC). 13 patients were given BCG, mixed bacterium vaccine (MBV) and human white blood cell interferon (IFN), the other 3 patients were not treated with any biological immune stimulants (BIS) and served as controls. The cytosta-tic and cytotoxic effects of MC and KC on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 (TC) were assayed in vitro and the numbers of T total (Tt), T helper (Th) and T suppressor (Ts) cells were counted using CD monoclonal antibody immunofluorescence. The results were as follows: (1) On the 7th day after the first administration of BIS, the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of MC on TC showed obvious increase over pre-administration. The activity of BIS was 1 ?5 times as high as that in the controls. (2) After 3 administrations, the cytostatic effect of MC on TC increased to the normal level (84%), while the controls remained as before (45%). (3) On the 7th day after first administration, cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of KC on TC were 0.5 and 1 times higher respectively than those of the controls. (4) The numbers of Tt and Th of patients given BIS increased continuously; on the contrary Ts decreased in number. These results indicate that combined use of BCG, MBV and IFN can actively enhance the immune anti-hepatoma function of patients suffering from HCC.

Changes of biochemical indexes in patients with acute cerebral infarction after treatment with simvastatin

BACKGROUND: At present, it is believed that the important causes of cerebral infarction are the disorders of lipid metabolism and endothelial function, and the outcomes of clinical treatment can be improved by regulating serum lipids and antiinflammation, etc. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of simvastatin, inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, on the levels of serum lipids, serum enzymic indexes and inflammatory metabolic indexes in patients with cerebral infarction. DESIGN: A comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Geriatrics, Longquanshan Hospital of Liuzhou City. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-eight patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected from the Department of Geriatrics of Longquanshan Hospital of Liuzhou from March 2004 to February 2006, including 24 males and 24 females, the mean age was (54±12) years, average disease course was (10.0±4.5) days. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standard for cerebral infarction set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1999, and cerebral hemorrhage was excluded by cranial CT scanning. The 48 patients were randomly divided into control group (n =24) and treatment group (n =24). Informed consents were obtained from all the participants. METHODS: ① All the patients were treated according to the symptoms, besides those in the treatment group were given simvastatin (Harbin Pharm. Group Sanjing Pharmaceutical Shareholding, Co.,Ltd., No. H20010454; Batch number: 20040218; 5 mg/tablet). The initial dosage was 10 mg per day for 4 weeks, and then increased to 30 mg per day for another 4 weeks. ② Before treatment and within 1 week after treatment, the total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase and C reactive protein in serum were determined with Beckman-cx7 automatic biochemical analytical apparatus in both groups. ③ The differences of intergroup and intragroup data were compared with the independent-samples t test and paired samples t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, AST, creatine kinase and C reactive protein before and treatment in both groups. RESULTS: All the 48 patients with cerebral infarction were involved in the analysis of results. ① Changes of serum lipids: The levels of serum lipids were close between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the HDL-C level in the treatment group was obviously higher than that in the control group and that before treatment [(1.34±0.12), (0.92±0.33), (0.93±0.21) mmol/L, t =7.922, 11.699, P < 0.01], and the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-C were obviously lower than those in the control group and those before treatment (t =2.780-7.591, P < 0.01). ② Changes of serum enzymic indexes and C reactive protein in serum: The levels of enzymes and C reactive protein in serum had no obvious differences between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). The levels of AST, creatine kinase and C reactive protein in serum after treatment were obviously lower than those before treatment in both groups (t =7.259-17.996, P < 0.01). The levels of levels of creatine kinase and C reactive protein in serum after treatment in the treatment group were obviously lower than those in the control group [(3.061±0.522) μkat/L, (4.6±3.1) mg/L; (4.348±0.580) μkat/L, (12.3±4.8) mg/L, t =7.910, 6.463, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: Compared with common treatment according to symptoms, the additional administration of simvastatin is better for improving the serum lipids, serum enzymic indexes of patients with cerebral infarction at acute period, and benefit for repairing their inflammatory damages.

Long-term follow-up of Ta transitional cell carcinoma of bladder after treatment of TURBt plus intravesical therapy

To stduy the association between the prognosis of Ta transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder and risk-related factors.Methods A total of 88 cases (62 males and 26 females;mean age,61 years;age range,41-81 years) of initial T.TCC of the bladder treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) plus intravesical chemotherapy or immunotherapy were enrolled.Among them,there were 26 cases of G1,61 cases of G2 and 1 case of G3.For tumor site,62 cases (16 cases of G1,45 of G2,1 of G3) had single tumor and 26 cases (10 cases of G1,16 of G2) had multi-site tumors.The mean follow-up was 113 months (range,56-168 months).The tumor grade,original tumor number and their association with the recurrence and progression of this type of TCC were retrospectively analyzed.Results The overall recurrence rate (RR) was 60% (53/88).In single tumor group,RR of G1 cases was 25% (4/16);RR of G2 cases was 62% (28/45) and the total RR was 52% (32/62).In multi-site tumor group,RR of G1 cases was 80% (8/10),RR of G2 cases was 75% (12/16) and the total RR was 77% (20/26).The RR of multi-site tumor group was significantly higher than that of single tumor group (P<0.01).In single tumor group,RR of G2 cases was significantly higher than that of G1 cases (P<0.001).In multi-site tumor group,there was no association of RR with tumor grade.There was no progression in G1 tumor cases.The progression rate was 42.5% (17/40) in G2 tumor cases;among them,30% (12/40) progressed to T1G2 tumors and 12.5% (5/40) progressed to T2G2 tumors.The RR of cases who received thiotepa,mitomycin and BCG were 75% (12/16),68% (30/44) and 40% (11/27),respectively.Tumor specific mortality was 1.14% (1/88,a T2G3 case).Conclusion The multi-site Ta TCC of the bladder has relatively higher RR and greater chance of progression after the treatment of TURBt plus intravesical chemotherapy or immunotherapy,especially in the poor differentiated tumors,thus active treatment and close follow-up are essential in clinical practice.9 refs.

甲状腺术后并发颈部侵袭性纤维瘤病1例报道并文献复习

回顾1例甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)术后并发颈部侵袭性纤维瘤病(AF)患者的诊治经过及临床病理资料。患者女,25岁,2021年行左PTC根治术,复查甲状腺彩超示右侧甲状腺梭形低回声结节,粗针穿刺考虑为纤维组织增生性病变,基因检测示HRAS、KRAS基因突变。再次入院行右侧颈部肿物切除术,术后病理确诊为AF。结合国内外文献对该病诊疗经验进行总结并归纳其特征,以期为临床工作者更好地了解发病机制和诊疗提供参考。甲状腺术后并发颈部AF多呈局部侵袭,局部复发率高,等待观察是一线治疗手段,综合评估后对进展肿块采取外科治疗,对难以手术治疗的采取全身治疗。

9例急性髓系白血病治疗后发生第二肿瘤患者的临床特点分析

目的:分析急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia, AML)治疗后发生第二肿瘤患者的临床特点。方法:回顾性分析2012年01月至2021年12月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院诊治的原发AML治疗后发生第二肿瘤9例患者的实验室和临床资料,实验室和临床资料数据通过查阅电子病历系统和实验室数据管理系统获得;采用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析。结果:9例AML患者中,8例患者经诱导化疗后达CR,1例患者诱导化疗后未达CR,HSCT后达CRi。9例中第二肿瘤分别为卵巢性索间质肿瘤、肺鳞癌、结肠癌、B细胞淋巴瘤、结肠腺癌、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化多形性肉瘤、甲状腺微小乳头状癌、神经内分泌肿瘤和肾透明细胞癌。9例患者两种肿瘤诊断时间间隔为12.0(5.0~24.5)个月。随访结束,4例患者稳定治疗中,3例患者第二肿瘤进展死亡,2例患者白血病复发死亡,9例患者中位OS为51个月,除去3例M3患者,中位OS为34个月。结论:AML治疗后发生第二肿瘤,在临床工作中应提高警惕,治疗前后对患者定期进行血常规、肿瘤标志物、基因及影像学等检查,一方面可评估病情,另一方面有助于早期发现第二肿瘤。

氯吡格雷血小板反应性与经皮冠脉介入术后双联抗血小板治疗患者不良事件的关系

目的探讨氯吡格雷血小板反应性与经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)后双联抗血小板治疗(DAPT)患者出血事件及心血管事件发生率的关系。方法回顾性收集医院2019年6月至2020年6月因冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)就诊并完成PCI且门诊随访的220例患者的临床资料,根据血小板聚集抑制率分为血小板低反应组(100例)和血小板高反应组(120例),并根据患者PCI后12个月是否发生出血分为出血组(41例)和未出血组(179例)。比较两组患者PCI后12个月的出血事件发生率及心血管事件发生率,分析DAPT评分、PRECISE-DAPT评分、血小板聚集抑制率、三者联合对患者出血风险的预测价值,采用Logistic回归分析法分析影响患者PCI后12个月发生出血的危险因素,构建列线图模型,并进行验证。结果PCI后12个月,血小板低反应组的心血管事件发生率为12.00%,明显高于血小板高反应组的4.17%(P<0.05);血小板低反应组的轻微出血发生率为20.00%,明显高于血小板高反应组的5.00%(P<0.05)。出血组DAPT评分明显低于未出血组(P<0.05),PRECISE-DAPT评分和血小板聚集抑制率均明显高于未出血组(P<0.05)。DAPT评分、PRECISE-DAPT评分、血小板聚集抑制率、三者联合检测预测出血风险的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.833[95%CI(0.777,0.879)],0.641[95%CI(0.574,0.705)],0.891[95%CI(0.842,0.929)],0.949[95%CI(0.911,0.974)],对应的特异度分别为70.39%,77.09%,69.83%,86.59%,灵敏度分别为87.80%,48.78%,90.24%,92.68%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,消化道溃疡史、DAPT评分、PRECISE-DAPT评分、血小板聚集抑制率均是PCI后12个月发生出血的影响因素(P<0.05)。列线图预测模型显示,DAPT评分每降低1分,增加10分的权重;PRECISE-DAPT评分每增加5分,增加5.2分的权重;血小板聚集抑制率每增加2分,增加10分的权重;有消化道溃疡史增加19.8分的权重。Bootstrap法内部验证显示,H-L检验结果为χ^(2)=7.541,P=0.563,模型有良好的校准度;Calibration校准曲线显示,列线图预测的出血风险与实际发生风险间的一致性良好,AUC为0.908[95%CI(0.845,0.970)],预测模型的区分度良好。结论氯吡格雷血小板低反应性可影响PCI后DAPT患者出血事件及心血管事件的发生,DAPT评分、PRECISE-DAPT评分、血小板聚集抑制率对出血事件有预测价值。

某柴油机尾气后处理装置空速计算方法

为提高柴油机后处理装置性能,分析排气质量流量计算方法,开展台架试验采集标准工况下柴油机的进气质量流量;基于进气密度和进气质量流量,分别用进气流量和油耗量测量法、碳平衡法计算尾气后处理装置的空速,并对比2种计算方法的有效性。结果表明:进气质量流量和油耗量测量法、碳平衡法计算的尾气后处理装置空速结果接近,2种方法计算的空速的相对误差为3.94%,均可用于柴油机尾气后处理装置空速计算;相比碳平衡法,基于进气质量流量和油耗量测量法更容易实现。

数字化导板靶向显微根尖手术治疗左下第一磨牙慢性根尖周炎1例

将数字化导板引入到显微根尖手术可以精确定位病变位置,减少根尖手术的去骨量,避免损伤到邻牙或周围组织。本文报道1例使用数字化导板辅助显微根尖手术治疗左下第一磨牙慢性根尖周炎的病例。

“咽为经脉之所聚”理论在针刺治疗中风后吞咽障碍中的运用

总结程红亮主任基于“咽为经脉之所聚”理论,采用“辨经论治”针刺治疗中风后吞咽障碍的临床经验。谨守“脑-咽-脏腑”三位一体理念,融“咽为经脉之所聚”理论,合“病候、病位、经络”三辨法,以“辨经论治”中风后吞咽障碍。经过十余年的探索确立了以项部取穴+舌咽部取穴+辨经取穴为治疗思路,首选督任经以调阴阳,次取脾胃肾以养先后天,辅取肝心经以促气血行,进一步提高了临床疗效,形成了针刺治疗中风后吞咽障碍关键技术。

重型国Ⅵ柴油机N_(2)O排放特性试验研究

在三台满足国Ⅵ阶段排放标准的重型车用柴油机上进行了冷热态WHTC尾气N_(2)O排放特性试验研究,试验结果表明:冷热态WHTC试验中N_(2)O排放水平与NO_(X)相当,N_(2)O排放与排气温度有很高的相关性,冷态排放低于热态,冷热态间N_(2)O排放差异主要体现在I阶段。热态WHTC初期N_(2)O排放突增峰值与冷态循环末期后处理系统中残留的过量喷射尿素有关。低浓度尿素有助于降低N_(2)O排放,但同时也会导致NO_(X)排放增加。

柴油机后处理系统HC覆盖故障浅析

以市场反馈的车用发动机故障作为研究对象,对其主要特征进行分析,通过故障机型分布、应用场景分布、台架测试等环节。逆向梳理柴油机后处理因碳氢覆盖机理,为因后处理碳氢覆盖导致发动机最终排放超标找到优化措施。根据分析,碳氢覆盖主要原因集中在燃烧室设计不合理、喷油器积碳后雾化效果差、发动机设计排温较低、驾驶习惯不良等。

浅谈柴油机WHSC冷热起动测试循环排放及后处理效果的变化

研究起动工况排放特性对于进一步减少气体污染物排放具有重要意义。本文基于2 206m高海拔发动机试验台架对配有DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC尾气净化装置(以下简称后处理)的某国六柴油机进行WHSC试验循环,分析了柴油机在冷热起动工况下的原始排放和尾气排放差异性及其原因,并对气体污染物在后处理中的转换效率进行计算。结果表明:无论原始排放或尾气排放,柴油机冷起动循环中CO和THC排放浓度均明显大于热起动循环,且排放规律相似;但冷起动循环中NOx原始排放浓度却小于热起动循环。柴油机尾气净化装置在热起动循环中,CO、THC和NOx排放浓度转换效率良好,基本处于90%以上,但后处理在冷起动循环中对于CO排放浓度的转换效率较差,仅有9.2%。

米非司酮联合地屈孕酮治疗人流术后宫腔残留的疗效分析

目的探究米非司酮联合地屈孕酮治疗人流术后宫腔残留的疗效。方法选取本院60例人流术后宫腔残留疾病患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各30例。对照组采用单用米非司酮治疗,观察组采用米非司酮联合地屈孕酮治疗。对比两组治疗效果。结果观察组5项康复时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率为96.67%,显著高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人流术后宫腔残留采用米非司酮联合地屈孕酮治疗,可加快宫腔残留妊娠物排出,加快子宫康复速度,提高治疗效果,减少不良反应。

阮诗玮基于伏邪理论运用透邪法治疗慢性肾脏病经验

阮诗玮教授认为慢性肾脏病反复发作、迁延难愈与伏邪关系密切,总体病机为“正气虚损,邪气深伏”,正气虚损为伏邪蛰藏之夙根,具体可分三类:正虚精亏,伏邪羁藏;外伤淫邪,伺机而发;内生伏邪,蜇机而动。故治疗上以透邪为法,扶正透邪为基本原则,扶正贯穿始终。重视三焦分治:上焦用药以轻宣为法,祛邪务尽;中焦用药以芳香透达、苦燥健运、淡渗利泄为法;下焦用药以固涩收敛、厚味填精、虫蚁捜剔为主。此外,强调病后调护对透达邪气的重要作用。

超早期精细化系统管理在膝关节置换术后康复的应用

目的 探讨术后加速康复外科(ERAS)理念下超早期精细化系统管理在膝关节置换术(TKA)中的应用效果。方法 在医院行TKA治疗的96例患者随机分为对照组和观察组各48例,均接受常规ERAS管理,观察组另接受超早期精细化系统康复,统计并比较2组的手术相关指标、疼痛程度、膝关节功能、平衡功能、术后不良反应。结果 术后3个月,2组静息、运动状态下的数字模拟(NRS)评分较术前明显降低,膝关节纽约特种外科医院(HSS)评分、Berg量表(BBS)评分明显升高,且观察组优于对照组;治疗组术后下床时间、首次直腿抬高时间、屈膝90°所需天数及住院天数均较对照组缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应总发生率(4.17%)低于对照组(16.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.019,P=0.045)。结论 基于ERAS理念的超早期精细化系统管理能有效缓解TKA患者术后的疼痛程度,改善患者膝关节和平衡功能,且不良反应少。

肖长江基于心脾同治辨治经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后冠状动脉微循环障碍

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后易引发冠状动脉微血管栓塞及功能障碍,中医从整体出发,辨证论治,临床疗效显著。肖长江教授以心脾同治为核心,辨治PCI术后冠状动脉微循环障碍,治疗以健脾益气、活血化瘀为法,将加味三参汤作为基本方,并依据证型加减方药,临床疗效显著。本文总结肖教授辨治PCI术后冠状动脉微循环障碍经验,并附医案一则。

灯盏生脉胶囊联合针刺对脑梗死后血管性痴呆患者的临床疗效

目的考察灯盏生脉胶囊联合针刺对脑梗死后血管性痴呆患者的临床疗效。方法300例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组150例,2组采用常规治疗,同时对照组给予针刺,观察组在对照组基础上加用灯盏生脉胶囊,疗程3个月。检测临床疗效、中医证候评分、MoCA评分、ADAS-cog评分、TNF-α、GSH-Px、AOPP、血流速度(大脑中动脉、大脑后动脉、大脑前动脉)、Hcy、BDNF、NPAS4变化。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组中医证候评分、ADAS-cog评分、TNF-α、AOPP、Hcy、NPAS4降低(P<0.05),MoCA评分、GSH-Px、BDNF升高(P<0.05),动脉血流速度增加(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05)。结论灯盏生脉胶囊联合针刺可减少脑梗死后血管性痴呆患者氧化应激损伤及炎症反应,改善脑血流,缓解神经元损伤,促进认知功能和病情恢复。

基于“心脑同治”理论研究佛手养心汤改善气虚血瘀型心衰后认知障碍模型大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的作用

目的:基于“心脑同治”理论探索佛手养心汤对气虚血瘀型心衰后认知障碍模型大鼠的影响,及对心肌线粒体结构与能量代谢损伤的改善作用。方法:通过体内实验,将48只SD大鼠随机选取10只作为正常组,剩余大鼠予以异丙肾上腺素腹腔注射、左旋硝基精氨酸灌胃以建立心衰后认知障碍模型,然后采取饥饿法和力竭游泳法以建立气虚血瘀型模型。将造模成功后的大鼠随机分为模型组、治疗组和对照组,每组10只。正常组和模型组大鼠常规饲养,治疗组予以佛手养心汤干预,对照组予以盐酸曲美他嗪片干预,为期4周。观察大鼠的一般情况,运用动物心脏超声仪检测大鼠心脏LVESD、LVEDD、LVEF指标;Morris水迷宫检测认知功能;透射电镜下观察心肌线粒体结构改变;比色法检测心肌线粒体mPTP开放程度;微量法检测心肌组织ATP含量。结果:造模成功后大鼠一般情况差,反应迟钝,皮肤和毛发枯燥无光泽,活动减少,进食缓慢,饮水量减少,唇甲发绀,部分大鼠出现气促而喘的症状。造模结束予以药物干预后,大鼠上述表现可明显改善。心动超声检测提示模型组大鼠LVESD、LVEDD明显增厚,LVEF明显降低,而治疗组、对照组可显著逆转上述变化。Morris水迷宫检测显示模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期明显延长,且穿越平台次数明显减少,而治疗组与对照组检测结果与之相反。与此同时,以透射电镜观察线粒体结构、比色法与微量法检测线粒体能量代谢状态,发现模型组大鼠线粒体结构损伤明显,线粒体mPTP开放程度显著增加,心肌组织ATP含量明显降低,而治疗组与对照组给予相应药物干预后可显著逆转上述改变。结论:佛手养心汤可有效抑制心衰大鼠心肌线粒体mPTP开放,改善线粒体结构损伤,增加心肌组织ATP含量,逆转心功能改变,从而改善气虚血瘀型心衰后认知障碍大鼠的线粒体功能和认知功能。

基于血脉理论辨治经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后焦虑抑郁

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后焦虑抑郁是PCI术后的常见并发症之一,其严重影响了患者的生活质量和疾病的转归,西医治疗主要以传统抗精神类药物治疗为主,但患者接受度差。中医认为焦虑抑郁状态与“瘀”“郁”“虚”关系密切,解郁通脉、益气养血是治疗焦虑抑郁状态的关键,“血脉理论”以“气-血-脉”为理论体系,在心-血-脉系统中,心气充沛、血液充盈和脉道通利是心主血脉的基础,维系着人体正常的生理功能。该文以“血脉理论”为指导,辨证论治PCI术后焦虑抑郁,“血脉痹阻,气机郁滞”和“血脉亏虚,心神失养”为该病的主要病因病机,从“行气解郁、通利血脉”和“益气养血安神”两大治法出发,方选临床常用方金铃子散、解郁合欢汤,在“社会-心理-生物综合”医学模式的基础上,发挥中医治疗优势,为中医药治疗PCI术后焦虑抑郁提供新的思路。

厚朴三物汤加减对阑尾炎术后患者肠功能恢复的临床疗效观察

分析在阑尾术后的治疗中应用厚朴三物汤加减的临床疗效及对患者术后肠功能恢复的影响。选取2022年9月—2023年8月于仁怀市中医院接受阑尾手术治疗的80例患者为研究对象,经双盲法将其分为参照组与实验组,每组各40例,参照组接受术后常规治疗,实验组在常规治疗基础上联合厚朴三物汤加减治疗,比较两组患者的恢复时间(肛门排气时间、排便时间、恢复饮食时间、肠鸣音恢复时间)、患者不同时间段外周血WBC指标变化情况(术前、术后2天、术后4天、术后6天)、治疗效果、治疗前后炎症指标(C反应蛋白、中性粒细胞)。研究发现,在阑尾术后患者的临床治疗中应用厚朴三物汤加减治疗的效果显著,能促进患者胃肠道功能恢复,改善患者外周血WBC指标,增强治疗效果,值得推广。