协同生活住宅ACLASS TOWN案例分析--aging in place的诠释

ACLASS TOWN是一个能够让老年人一直和居住区内的各个年龄层的人们相对独立地共同生活,并将“街道”的感觉融入到建筑之中的协同生活住宅项目。该项目占地面积1341m^2,建筑面积602m^2,采用钢筋水泥、木制构造,地上3层,2011年11月投用。融入街道建筑用地呈宽17m、纵深50m的狭长形,南北两侧都与街道相连,为此特在占地内开辟了一条小巷贯穿两端,联通里面的咖啡馆和画廊,

Sustainable Housing: A Preferred Approach to the Request of Housing Facility in Nigeria

Exhaustive studies have investigated housing situation in Nigeria in terms of demands, supplies, deficits, standard, finance, delivery and affordability. However, little or no studies have been done on how the housing that has and needs to be provided will give a long time satisfaction to the changing needs of users across their lifetime. The investigation of longtime satisfaction in building instigated by changing needs that result from ageing progression is necessary as studies have reported an inevitable biological and mental change in the users. This study investigated for such design type that would be compliant to the changing needs as the users grew in it, explored the knowledge of the design professionals and users on such design type and examined areas that improvements could be affected. 400 cases of houses designed and built by professionals and the ones with full participation of the end users in four geopolitical zones in Nigeria were examined using open-ended and close- ended interview questions on the occupants. The houses selected were owner- occupied and the occupants had lived for at least 10 years in it. The result shows that neither do the professional nor the participated users consider ageing progression during design and construction stage, thereby, resulting in the increasing desire to modify the interior spaces as the occupants grow in it. Suggestions were made on how considerations could be given to ageing process during the design stage and the need for further investigation on the subject matter.

Integrating Universal Design Standards and Building Information Modeling at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. Universal Design (UD), which is a design that accommodates all people to the greatest extent possible and aging in place design that is deeply rooted in the principles of UD, aim to house people irrespective of their age, ability, and chronic health conditions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) significantly helps advance the development of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in a more collaborative and automated way. Integrating BIM and UD allows designers to incorporate UD standards easily and efficiently at the conceptual design stage of buildings by using the functionalities and capabilities of BIM tools. Therefore, this study presents the development of an automated computer model to facilitate the adoption of UD standards and processes. The novelty highlighted in this model resides in the creation of an automated method that employs a newly created plug-in and databases to assist designers to incorporate UD standards at the conceptual stage in a timely and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the study introduces the methodology consisting of collecting, categorizing, and storing data from various universal design and accessible design guidelines in the developed databases and developing new plug-ins in BIM tool to link the developed databases in order to automate the process of retrieving necessary information and components to help designers and owners select optimal design alternatives based on their predefined criteria.

The Feasibility Analysis of the Housing Endowment——Taking Nanjing as an example

China has entered the aging society, due to the imperfect national endowment insurance system, the traditional pension mode can no longer meet the needs of old people, so that the family pension and social pension are facing tremendous pressure. In this paper, firstly, explaining the concept of the housing endowment, and summarizing the feasibility and necessity of the housing endowment. Then through the investigation and the analysis of SPSS data, with the housing endowment in the United States and Singapore＇ success, summing up what our country should do to make improvements, and then we will induce the current situation and predicament of the housing endowment in Nanjing. Finally, we can put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions by the feasibility to the reality to Nanjing city in the future.

Research on the Impact of Aging and New Generation in the Popula­tion Structure on China’s Real Estate Price Volatility

To clarify the internal mechanism of the influence of the aging population and the new generation on housing prices is helpful to scientifically analyze and predict the trend of housing prices and the aging population and the new generation.This paper uses the intergenerational overlap model of the two periods as the theoretical basis,and uses the provincial panel data from 1998 to 2018 to study the impact of the elderly population and the new generation on the price fluctuations of commercial housing.The results of the study show that on the whole,both the aging population and the new generation have promoted the rise in commodity housing prices.However,the regional heterogeneity is significant.The aging population has the most significant impact on housing price increases in developed and general developed areas,and has no significant impact on housing price increases in other places.The new generation has a negative impact on housing prices in backward areas and a positive impact on housing prices in other areas.Looking further,using the ARIMA model to predict housing prices in the next 10 years,it is concluded that housing prices will show a slow upward trend in the next 10 years.Therefore,the government can ensure the stable development of the real estate market by revitalizing the second-hand housing market and implementing housing projects.

基于KANO模型的老旧小区适老化改造需求优先序研究

为提高老旧小区居民对适老化改造的满意度,基于“原居安老”视域下,采用问卷调查与KANO模型相结合的方法对老旧小区居民的适老化改造需求进行分析得出其需求优先排序。研究结果表明,居民的改造需求类型集中于基本需求和期望需求,且居民对改善居住环境的需求较高,更愿意对照明系统、无障碍设施、监控系统等方面进行改造。该研究结果可为政府优化老旧小区适老化改造策略提供参考,提高改造效率。

Epidemiological characteristics of centenarian deaths in China during 2013-2020:A trend and subnational analysis

Background:Studies that comprehensively address the characteristics of centenarian deaths are rare.The present study aimed to depict the characteristics of centenarian deaths in China and their changing trends.Methods:Data on centenarian deaths between 2013 and 2020 were obtained from the national mortality surveillance system of China,including date,place of death(PoD),and underlying cause of death(CoD).Descriptive analyses were performed to understand the epidemiological characteristics,and a joinpoint regression model was adopted to examine the changing trends in the proportions of different PoDs,CoDs among centenarians,and centenarian deaths accounting for all deaths and deaths among people aged 65 years and older.Results:There were 46,938 registered centenarian deaths between 2013 and 2020 that included 34,311 females(73.10%)and 12,627 males(26.90%).January(12.05%),February(9.99%),and December(9.74%)were the top three months with the highest number of deaths.The proportions of deaths that occurred in homes,hospitals,and nursing homes were 81.71%,13.63%,and 2.68%,respectively.The proportion of deaths in nursing homes increased by 9.60%(95%confidence intervals[CIs],6.4-12.9%)from 2014 to 2020.Heart disease(35.72%)was the leading cause of death,followed by respiratory diseases(17.63%),cerebrovascular disease(15.60%),and old age(11.22%).The proportion of respiratory diseases decreased by 4.8%(95%CI,-8.8 to-0.7%),and the proportion of deaths from old age decreased by 2.3%(95%CI,-4.4 to-0.1%)per year.Shanghai had the highest proportions of deaths in hospitals(39.38%)and nursing homes(14.68%).Sichuan had the highest proportion of deaths attributed to respiratory diseases(32.30%),while Jiangsu(26.58%)and Zhejiang(23.61%)had the highest proportions of deaths from old age.Conclusion:Unlike other countries,centenarian deaths in China are characterized by a higher proportion of home and heart disease deaths,and this death pattern differs across provinces.

Design for the Elderly： Housing and Re-arrangements-- Case Studies in Istanbul

As a consequence of developing technology, various medical developments and environmental factors, the population of elderly people has been rising. Future predictions show a rising trend for designing for the elderly and. In order for seniors to be able to appear in community life, to be self-sufficient and live their lives independently, supportive environments are required. Being able to sustain seniors＇ lives has to be seen as a civic right and architectural design should be considered as a tool to get these rights. As linked to everyday living, homes should be a starting point to get these rights. Being in the core of everyday activities, the spaces in dwellings should meet life-span design criteria. Fundamental principles lying under the aspects of design, dimensions, details, colors and symbols of supportive environments should not be affected from generation gap and senium and should rather aim at this user group. These fundamentals can briefly be listed as, change as less as possible, design for self-sufficiency, communication and socialization. In the paper, the focus is on these fundamental design principles for residential spaces, together with the research of reflections of factors, affecting health, security and mobility deriving from mobility disabilities, perception and memory weakening, specifically to bathroom design.

Social Welfare Transformation and Community Governance Model for the Aging Generation:Rural Community Care in Chiayi County as a Case Study

Over the past two decades,Taiwan’s welfare policies for the elderly have prepared for the arrival of an aged society with the aim of facilitating aging in place(AIP).The Long-Term Care Services Act passed by the Legislative Yuan in 2015 set regulations for long-term care personnel,thereby improving the welfare system for the elderly.The government’s AIP policies focus on providing welfare institutions or service units and do not sufficiently explore key factors such as the relationship between care services and community governance models.Since the basic focus of elderly welfare policies is AIP,it is important to actively empower grassroots community organizations and consider the elderly as important subjects of community participation.AIP policies emphasize providing long-term care and nurturing the elderly until death;such policies will be more proactive and innovative if coproduction is incorporated.This study briefly discusses theories related to coproduction using the case study of Chiayi County’s Dingcaiyian Community Development Association,which links six communities in remote rural villages and establishes a community care network based on the coproduction concept.Follow-up issues related to community care are considered and potential practices and ideas to guide social welfare transformation and community governance in the future are discussed.

Unequal aging in Nigeria: evidence on pre-COVID 19

Background:The study is focused on assessing predictors of later life inequality in Nigeria with specificity to the gaps in dimension and distribution.Methods:The study employed linear mixed multi-level regression analysis to assess predictors of aged inequalities status nested between geo-political zones and households.The study utilized the general household Survey-Panel(2018-2019)dataset(n=5527 persons aged≤60).Results:Evidence from the cross-sectional study revealed that aging inequalities are prevalent and persist between geo-political zones(γ00=1.374;p<0.001)and among households(γ00=1.266;p≤0.001).Demographic,social,and economic factors were strong determinants of inequality in the country.Conclusion:These results show that inequality among older adults in place and space is prevalent.Furthermore,these dire statistics of unequal inequalities at a later age are a significant problem in Nigeria.Therefore,an in-depth evaluation of the determined risk factors related to unequal aging and actions for its prevention are warranted.

The Assessment of Depok as Age Friendly City (AFC)

Depok has a big opportunity to become an age friendly city (AFC) because it has a large number of posbindu, increased elderly population, it does not have yet the pension security for the elderly people, and it does not have yet the number of infrastructure and social facilities needed for the elderly. Before Depok City becomes an age friendly city, an assessment of the eight-dimensional indicators of AFC had been carried out by a team of UI researchers from Center of Ageing Studies in collaboration with the Institute for Survey METER in March 2013. One of the main finding was the presence of the three indicators of AFC in Depok which still lack, they are buildings and open space, housing, and civil participation and employment. The purpose of the study was to assess the public’s opinion on the three indicators of AFC that still lack in Depok. The study shows that the majority of people and government as stakeholder assess that Depok is ready to become AFC as long as supported by the government of Depok City with the good coordination with related institutions for the budget and programs prioritizing the interests of the elderly. Moreover, the existence of Komda (Comission Area) of Elderly Depok City can support the establishment of a friendly city towards the elderly. The community prefers to choose the indicators of buildings and open spaces as a top priority for elderly-friendly city rather than chooses the indicators of housing and civil participation and employment for the elderly people. Therefore, hopefully Depok City Government with related institutions can build the building which is elderly-friendly as well as AFC socialization to the government and private sectors in order to achieve rapid implementation of Depok as an AFC.

房价上涨是否推迟了初婚年龄?——基于CGSS数据的实证分析

“房价”与“婚姻”是大众热议的民生问题。构建婚姻决策理论模型,探讨房价对结婚率的影响,基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,考察房价上涨对居民初婚年龄的影响。结果表明:房价每上涨1%,居民的平均初婚年龄增加1.108岁;房价上涨对女性初婚年龄的推迟效应大于男性,对城镇地区居民初婚年龄的推迟效应大于农村地区居民,对经济欠发达地区居民初婚年龄的推迟效应大于发达地区居民;家庭经济水平对农村地区男性的初婚年龄有显著负向影响,个体受教育程度对欠发达地区居民的初婚年龄有显著负向影响。

地方政府债务对城镇化的影响机制及中介效应

地方政府债务扩张是我国政府主导、投资驱动型传统城镇化模式的重要动能和必然表现。然而,当前地方债问题日益显现,地方城投平台高杠杆主导城镇化模式亟待转型。基于2002-2020年全国31个省份数据,运用个体固定效应与工具变量模型,实证分析地方政府债务对新型城镇化的影响机制及中介效应和调节效应后发现:地方债扩张对城镇化产生先促进再抑制的非线性影响,债务扩张初期有利于完善城市基础设施和促进就业,但后期资本效率下降和对私人投资的挤出凸显;地方债通过抬高房价-收入比、刺激固定资产投资进而促进城镇化;老龄化程度越高的地方政府越倾向通过债务扩张拉动城镇化;但是服务业就业会减缓地方债对城镇化的促进效果。因此,高城镇化水平区域要更加严控地方政府债务规模,约束地方城投公司行为,地方财政支出更多偏向养老支持、住房保障等普惠性公共服务,发挥第三产业就业对城镇化作用。

居家适老化改造的典型特征和常见误区——基于实践的反思

本文从改造目标、内容、方法和范围等角度对居家适老化改造的典型特征和常见认识误区进行分析,结合代表性案例展示不同生活场景下应对多元需求的差异化设计对策。分析结果表明,适老化改造的内容需要围绕特定目标展开,改造需求存在明显的个体差异,实施过程需要划定合理范围。当前实践存在将适老化改造等同于无障碍设计、简化为程式化套路、局限于全屋装修等认知误区,而对老年人的需求缺乏深入理解是造成误区的主要原因。

回应生活需求的居家适老化改造设计研究 以北京市某住宅改造实践为例

文章基于"个人-环境"匹配理论辨析了居家适老化改造的目标和特征,结合实践案例阐述了如何通过物理环境和情感两个层面的适老化设计回应老年人多样化的生活需求,并在此基础上从关注老年群体的多样性、老化过程的阶段性、适老改造的复杂性等维度对现有实践提出优化建议.

民居“异地重生”的探索与思考——以南方科技大学“风雅颂”传统文化实景教育基地为例

针对南方科技大学将校园内既有的商代屋背岭遗址和碉楼、大榕树等原福光村旧址遗存,与受赠的两栋传统徽派民居南山挹秀、忠孝堂整合建设“风雅颂”传统文化实景教育基地的项目要求,该文分析了项目的四个挑战——多元文脉的差异、空间格局的矛盾、建筑尺度的落差、使用功能的异化,方案设计以两栋徽派传统民居的重生为焦点,通过筑、廊、园三个核心要素的有机布局和精巧设计,塑造了一个多元文化共生、传统与现代兼容的文脉生态环境。进而从文脉生态的建构、空间场所的营造、建筑尺度的调和、使用功能的重置四个方面对民居异地重生进行了思考,并总结了民居异地重生的关键,即建构一个异地与在地、传统与当下文化融合的文脉生态。

层级目标下沈阳市老旧住宅适老改造研究

随着我国老龄化程度加深,探究与完善老旧住宅的适老化改造刻不容缓。以沈阳老旧住宅为研究对象,以分层级改造的目标出发,从老年人的心理需求、生理需求来确定适老化改造层级。结合现有优秀案例,针对发现的问题提出安全性改造、舒适化改造和健康改造三个从老年人需求层级出发的适老化改造策略。

社区适老化改造相关研究与实践回顾和反思

本文通过对适老化改造相关文献研究的回顾,反思人们对适老化改造的认知误区,并结合我国的背景和现实情况,在前人研究的基础上,试图对适老化改造的发展方向提出一些建议。

人口老龄化如何影响家庭杠杆率

近年来,中国家庭杠杆率的上升引发了社会的广泛关注,人口老龄化可能对家庭杠杆率产生影响。理论推导表明,老年人口占比增加会提升家庭杠杆率。实证分析利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,检验得出人口老龄化对家庭杠杆率的影响为正。机制分析发现,老龄化导致低收入人群在面对住房需求和应对老龄化支出时,倾向使用住房抵押贷款以平滑生命周期消费,进而推高了家庭杠杆率。同时,本文发现家庭面临的健康风险与养老抚幼双重负担,也是老龄化导致杠杆率攀升的潜在作用机制。此外,老龄化对家庭杠杆率的影响在城乡类型和户主受教育水平差异,以及家庭小型化程度之间存在异质性。

老龄化背景下住房负担能力对家庭创业行为的影响——来自CHFS数据的证据

基于2013-2017年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)三期面板数据,利用房价收入比作为住房负担能力的衡量指标,实证分析老龄化背景下房价收入比对家庭创业行为的影响。结果表明:房价收入比越高,家庭参与创业活动的积极性越低;老龄化进程的加快会进一步加剧高房价收入比对家庭创业活动的抑制作用。进一步分析发现,在老龄化加剧背景下,高房价收入比的创业抑制效应主要集中在仅有一套房的家庭中。基于此,提出在促进房地产市场平稳健康发展的同时,需积极加快完善养老服务体系并引导家庭理性配置资产。