Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene g...Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.展开更多
The agglutination characteristics of serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus were studied in this paper. The results showed that the serum agglutinin had no agglutination to crucian carp, Chinese soft shell tur...The agglutination characteristics of serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus were studied in this paper. The results showed that the serum agglutinin had no agglutination to crucian carp, Chinese soft shell turtle, grass carp, chicken or human group A, B or O blood cells, but had strong agglutination to blood cells of mice and rabbits. The activities of serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus to mice blood cells reached 210, and to rabbit blood cells reached 28. Salinity had a greater effect on agglutinin activity. When the Na Cl concentration exceeded 0.6 mol/L,the serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus was basically inactivated. The optimum p H for agglutinin activity was 6.0-7.4. The serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus had obvious dependence to Ca2 ＋and Mg2 ＋, and EDTA could significantly inhibit its activity. The results of sugar inhibition test showed that the activity of agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus can be specifically inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine. The serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus was isolated by ammonium sulfate gradient precipitation, and its activity was highest by the 25% ammonium sulfate precipitation system. The SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE） showed that the protein bands were mainly distributed within 72-95 ku.展开更多
Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,...Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,a great deal of research has been done on the effects of SBA on cell morphology,division,apoptosis,autophagy,as well as the correlated signal transduction pathway.This review mainly covers the chemical and biological characteristics of SBA,describes the multifaceted aspects of SBA anti-nutritional functions,and highlights the possible cellular and molecular mechanism of anti-nutritional effects of SBA.This review has important implications for the prevention and treatment of SBA-induced diseases,drug development,processing techniques of plant products,prevention of food-borne toxins,as well as human and animal health protection.展开更多
Hemipteran group of sap sucking insect pests cause worldwide crop destruction. The role of mannose specific monocot lectins have recently been worked out in hemipteran pest management. The present article demonstrates...Hemipteran group of sap sucking insect pests cause worldwide crop destruction. The role of mannose specific monocot lectins have recently been worked out in hemipteran pest management. The present article demonstrates the insecticidal efficacy of a new mannose specific agglutinin, isolated from tubers of Amorphophallus paeonifolius (AMTL) against a wide range of hemipteran insects. The 25 kDa dimeric protein was found to inhibit the survivability of hemipteran insects namely, Lipaphis erysimi, Aphis gossypii and Dysdercus cingulatus quite efficiently, as analysed by synthetic diet based bioassay experiments. Surface Plasmon Resonance study detected binding of insecticidal AMTL to insect gut brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) protein, an absolute prerequisite for conferring toxicity against target insects. Further ligand blot analysis spotted a ~74 kDa glycoprotein as putative receptor of AMTL from the total BBMV protein fraction of Lipaphis erysimi. Phylogenetic analysis showed a significant relatedness of AMTL to the previously established monocot lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) in terms of their conserved mannose binding domains, agglutinating ability of rabbit erythrocytes and insecticidal efficacies. These information project AMTL as a promising candidate in preventing crop loss caused due to hemipteran insect attack.展开更多
Experiments showed the agglutinin activity in the hemolymph of both spring wild parents and autumncultured individuals of the shrimp Penaeus chinensis Osbeck with the body length of 12 - 16 cm as all 32. Thehemolymph ...Experiments showed the agglutinin activity in the hemolymph of both spring wild parents and autumncultured individuals of the shrimp Penaeus chinensis Osbeck with the body length of 12 - 16 cm as all 32. Thehemolymph of the above shrimps showed agglutinant reaction to all A-, B- and O-type human erythrocytes, with thereaction titer equal to that of rabbit blood cells. However, the agglutinin activity level was enhanced after being in-duced by Vibro, which was 128 after 24 h of induction and reached the peak value 256 after 48 h of induction, thendecreased gradually.展开更多
An optical biosensor with a stirred cuvette has been used to monitor the interaction of immobilized wheat germ agglutinin （WGA） with two water-soluble cationic porphyrins, The association constants （Ka） of the fre...An optical biosensor with a stirred cuvette has been used to monitor the interaction of immobilized wheat germ agglutinin （WGA） with two water-soluble cationic porphyrins, The association constants （Ka） of the free base porphyrin and its Zn（Ⅱ） complex form were 2. 66 and 27.31 × 10^5 l,/mol at 20 ℃ respectively. The interactions of the free base porphyrin were further investigated at temperatures between 15 ℃ and 37 ℃, The thermodynamics parameters, changes in free energy, enthalpy and entropy, were -31.23, 22.92, 54.15 ld/mol respectively. The heat capacity change was -355.53 J · mol^-1·K^-1 The binding was driven by entropic contribution, and showed strong enthalpy-entropy compensation. It was governed primarily by hydrophobic forces.展开更多
Thirty three species of marine algae belonging to Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta from the Fujian coast were examined for agglutinins with different animal and human erythrocytes. Protein extracts from 26 speci...Thirty three species of marine algae belonging to Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta from the Fujian coast were examined for agglutinins with different animal and human erythrocytes. Protein extracts from 26 species were active against at least one type of the erythrocytes tested. There were 3 species ( Grateloupia imbricata, Ishige foliacea and Entermorpha prolifera ) whose extracts could agglutinate all the erythrocytes used. The lowest protein concentration required to produce erythrocyte agglutination varied remarkably, from 3.1 μg/ml to 500 μg/ml . The strongest activity was found in the agglutination of rabbit erythrocytes by Gloiopeltis furcata extract. Inhibition assays performed with nine mono and bisaccharides indicated that agglutinations of rabbit erythrocytes by extracts of 7 species were inhibited by one or more types of the sugars assayed. The agglutinating activity shown by extracts of most species was not affected when the test solution was heated to 90℃, but was lost at 95℃-100℃. A few extracts lost their activity at 60℃, 65℃ and 75 ℃, respectively.展开更多
Brown planthopper, the sap sucking hemipteran pest, is one of the major contributors to the yield loss of rice through the world. To combat the situation researchers are interested identifying genes from plant origin ...Brown planthopper, the sap sucking hemipteran pest, is one of the major contributors to the yield loss of rice through the world. To combat the situation researchers are interested identifying genes from plant origin having potentiality to develop hemipteran pest resistance. Interestingly, it was observed that rice plants expressing ASAL, a monocot mannose binding lectin, showed significant resistance to brown planthopper and green leafhopper. Additionally, antibiotic resistant marker gene free ASAL expressing rice lines were developed to overcome the biosafety issues. However, the basis behind the resistance against planthoppers is still not clearly understood. Ligand blot assay was performed with total BBMV protein from BPH and a ~56 kDa receptor protein was detected. LC MS/MS analysis revealed that the receptor protein is NADH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), a key player in electron transport chain, insect defense response and male/female gametogenesis. Presumably interaction of ASAL with NQO may lead to toxicity and loss of fecundity among BPH feeding on ASAL expressing transgenic rice plants. These findings provide a stable scientific basis for considering these transgenic ASAL expressing rice plants as significant product for combating BPH attack associated yield loss of rice.展开更多
We describe a two-step method that uses wheat germ agglutinin immobilized on Sepharose gel followed by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) to extract recombinant human erythropoietin and Darbepoetin from equine plasma...We describe a two-step method that uses wheat germ agglutinin immobilized on Sepharose gel followed by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) to extract recombinant human erythropoietin and Darbepoetin from equine plasma. Lectin affinity chromatography was shown to be an effective approach for isolating these epoetins from plasma and in combination with IAC;this method gave superior recovery when compared to the use of the latter technique alone. Moreover, due to the ease with which it can be scaled up, it is particularly well suited for pre-concentrating larger volumes of samples prior to IAC and this provides a facile way of improving the overall sensitivity with which these foreign proteins can be detected in equine plasma.展开更多
Cold Agglutinin Disease is a hemolytic anemia associated with cold reactive autoantibodies. Although the acute form of cold agglutinin disease can be attributed to autoimmune or infectious diseases and lymphoprolifera...Cold Agglutinin Disease is a hemolytic anemia associated with cold reactive autoantibodies. Although the acute form of cold agglutinin disease can be attributed to autoimmune or infectious diseases and lymphoproliferative diseases, it has, to the best of our knowledge, so far,never been reported as secondary to mycoplasma pneumonia in a type 2 diabetic individual. In this paper, we report a case of cold agglutinin disease following mycoplasma pneumonia in a 47-year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia. Cold agglutinin test and direct Coombs’ test was positive. Anti-mycoplasma anti-body titre by complement fixation was high (Anti-IgG was negative and Anti-C3d was positive) and was accompanied by hemolytic anemia. Her general condition, including Cold Agglutinin Disease improved after conservative therapy with antibiotics, hypoglycemic agents and short-term use of steroids. The patient recuperated and was discharged in good health after 7 days’ stay in the hospital. She remains clinically well with no recurrence of anemia. The simultaneous occurrence of cold agglutinin disease, mycoplasma infection and diabetes mellitus is rare and accumulation of case reports is required to gain better insight of this case scenario.展开更多
Using gel chromatography of Sephadex G-75 superfine connectedwith Sephadex G-50 fine column,three human γ- crystallins(γ1,γ2,γ3)couldbe obtained.Seven agglutinins(LCA,SBA,DBA,PNA,BSL,RCA and UEA)were used to detec...Using gel chromatography of Sephadex G-75 superfine connectedwith Sephadex G-50 fine column,three human γ- crystallins(γ1,γ2,γ3)couldbe obtained.Seven agglutinins(LCA,SBA,DBA,PNA,BSL,RCA and UEA)were used to detect the sugar of sub-γ-crystallins,which had been transferredto nitrocellulose membrane and finally stained with ABC reagents and the sub-strate of HPR.These results suggested that γ2-and γ3-crystallin contain sugar,but γ1-crystallin has no sugar.There is a decrease of carbohydrate of γ2 and γ3as...展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Inhabitants from malaria endemic zones often present with enlarged spleen, mainly due to hyper reactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS), and it is seen more commonly associated wit...<strong>Background:</strong> Inhabitants from malaria endemic zones often present with enlarged spleen, mainly due to hyper reactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS), and it is seen more commonly associated with elevated levels of Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Cold agglutinin disease is an acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) that is usually due to cold-reacting IgM autoantibodies directed against red cell antigens. The study was conducted in response to the observed high frequency of transfusion dependent anemia in patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic zones in southern province of Rwanda. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of cold agglutinin disease and to assess the distribution of IgM antibodies among these patients. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted over a period of six months from June 2016 to December 2016. The study enrolled adult population from malaria endemic areas of the southern province of Rwanda with unexplained splenomegaly. Blood samples for testing IgM levels, cold agglutinin, FBC, and markers of hemolysis were collected from peripheral health settings and analyzed at the laboratory of Butare University Teaching Hospital. <strong>Results:</strong> During the study period, we enrolled 188 participants with enlarged spleen. One hundred twenty-five (66%) were females and 34% were males. The mean (±SD) age of the study participants was 35.6 ± 15.2 years. Out of 188 participants, only 4.8% were found with significantly positive Cold Agglutinin Titer (CAT) (≥1:64) and 84% of participants were found to have elevated serum IgM level. Hemoglobin level, white blood count and platelets count decrease with severity of splenomegaly, while IgM level increases with spleen size. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Among patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic areas, IgM levels correlate with the stages of splenomegaly while cold agglutinin disease plays a small role in the etiology of anemia.展开更多
基金supported by the Department of Defense AFIRMⅢW81XWH-20-2-0029 grant subcontractLone Star Paralysis gift,UT POC19-1774-13 grant+1 种基金Neuraptive Therapeutics Inc.26-7724-56 grantNational Institutes of Health R01-NS128086(all to GDB)。
文摘Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41106123)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2012AA10A409)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY12C19009)Key Special Project of Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(2012C12907-3)
文摘The agglutination characteristics of serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus were studied in this paper. The results showed that the serum agglutinin had no agglutination to crucian carp, Chinese soft shell turtle, grass carp, chicken or human group A, B or O blood cells, but had strong agglutination to blood cells of mice and rabbits. The activities of serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus to mice blood cells reached 210, and to rabbit blood cells reached 28. Salinity had a greater effect on agglutinin activity. When the Na Cl concentration exceeded 0.6 mol/L,the serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus was basically inactivated. The optimum p H for agglutinin activity was 6.0-7.4. The serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus had obvious dependence to Ca2 ＋and Mg2 ＋, and EDTA could significantly inhibit its activity. The results of sugar inhibition test showed that the activity of agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus can be specifically inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine. The serum agglutinin from Portunus trituberculatus was isolated by ammonium sulfate gradient precipitation, and its activity was highest by the 25% ammonium sulfate precipitation system. The SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE） showed that the protein bands were mainly distributed within 72-95 ku.
基金supported by the National NaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.31802093)Fund Project of Jilin Agricultural University(2019019).
文摘Soybean agglutinin(SBA)is an important anti-nutritional factor in soybean.SBA can induce animal growth inhibition,cause pathological changes of intestinal tissue,and decrease in the immune system functioning.Recently,a great deal of research has been done on the effects of SBA on cell morphology,division,apoptosis,autophagy,as well as the correlated signal transduction pathway.This review mainly covers the chemical and biological characteristics of SBA,describes the multifaceted aspects of SBA anti-nutritional functions,and highlights the possible cellular and molecular mechanism of anti-nutritional effects of SBA.This review has important implications for the prevention and treatment of SBA-induced diseases,drug development,processing techniques of plant products,prevention of food-borne toxins,as well as human and animal health protection.
文摘Hemipteran group of sap sucking insect pests cause worldwide crop destruction. The role of mannose specific monocot lectins have recently been worked out in hemipteran pest management. The present article demonstrates the insecticidal efficacy of a new mannose specific agglutinin, isolated from tubers of Amorphophallus paeonifolius (AMTL) against a wide range of hemipteran insects. The 25 kDa dimeric protein was found to inhibit the survivability of hemipteran insects namely, Lipaphis erysimi, Aphis gossypii and Dysdercus cingulatus quite efficiently, as analysed by synthetic diet based bioassay experiments. Surface Plasmon Resonance study detected binding of insecticidal AMTL to insect gut brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) protein, an absolute prerequisite for conferring toxicity against target insects. Further ligand blot analysis spotted a ~74 kDa glycoprotein as putative receptor of AMTL from the total BBMV protein fraction of Lipaphis erysimi. Phylogenetic analysis showed a significant relatedness of AMTL to the previously established monocot lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) in terms of their conserved mannose binding domains, agglutinating ability of rabbit erythrocytes and insecticidal efficacies. These information project AMTL as a promising candidate in preventing crop loss caused due to hemipteran insect attack.
文摘Experiments showed the agglutinin activity in the hemolymph of both spring wild parents and autumncultured individuals of the shrimp Penaeus chinensis Osbeck with the body length of 12 - 16 cm as all 32. Thehemolymph of the above shrimps showed agglutinant reaction to all A-, B- and O-type human erythrocytes, with thereaction titer equal to that of rabbit blood cells. However, the agglutinin activity level was enhanced after being in-duced by Vibro, which was 128 after 24 h of induction and reached the peak value 256 after 48 h of induction, thendecreased gradually.
文摘An optical biosensor with a stirred cuvette has been used to monitor the interaction of immobilized wheat germ agglutinin （WGA） with two water-soluble cationic porphyrins, The association constants （Ka） of the free base porphyrin and its Zn（Ⅱ） complex form were 2. 66 and 27.31 × 10^5 l,/mol at 20 ℃ respectively. The interactions of the free base porphyrin were further investigated at temperatures between 15 ℃ and 37 ℃, The thermodynamics parameters, changes in free energy, enthalpy and entropy, were -31.23, 22.92, 54.15 ld/mol respectively. The heat capacity change was -355.53 J · mol^-1·K^-1 The binding was driven by entropic contribution, and showed strong enthalpy-entropy compensation. It was governed primarily by hydrophobic forces.
文摘Thirty three species of marine algae belonging to Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta from the Fujian coast were examined for agglutinins with different animal and human erythrocytes. Protein extracts from 26 species were active against at least one type of the erythrocytes tested. There were 3 species ( Grateloupia imbricata, Ishige foliacea and Entermorpha prolifera ) whose extracts could agglutinate all the erythrocytes used. The lowest protein concentration required to produce erythrocyte agglutination varied remarkably, from 3.1 μg/ml to 500 μg/ml . The strongest activity was found in the agglutination of rabbit erythrocytes by Gloiopeltis furcata extract. Inhibition assays performed with nine mono and bisaccharides indicated that agglutinations of rabbit erythrocytes by extracts of 7 species were inhibited by one or more types of the sugars assayed. The agglutinating activity shown by extracts of most species was not affected when the test solution was heated to 90℃, but was lost at 95℃-100℃. A few extracts lost their activity at 60℃, 65℃ and 75 ℃, respectively.
文摘Brown planthopper, the sap sucking hemipteran pest, is one of the major contributors to the yield loss of rice through the world. To combat the situation researchers are interested identifying genes from plant origin having potentiality to develop hemipteran pest resistance. Interestingly, it was observed that rice plants expressing ASAL, a monocot mannose binding lectin, showed significant resistance to brown planthopper and green leafhopper. Additionally, antibiotic resistant marker gene free ASAL expressing rice lines were developed to overcome the biosafety issues. However, the basis behind the resistance against planthoppers is still not clearly understood. Ligand blot assay was performed with total BBMV protein from BPH and a ~56 kDa receptor protein was detected. LC MS/MS analysis revealed that the receptor protein is NADH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO), a key player in electron transport chain, insect defense response and male/female gametogenesis. Presumably interaction of ASAL with NQO may lead to toxicity and loss of fecundity among BPH feeding on ASAL expressing transgenic rice plants. These findings provide a stable scientific basis for considering these transgenic ASAL expressing rice plants as significant product for combating BPH attack associated yield loss of rice.
文摘We describe a two-step method that uses wheat germ agglutinin immobilized on Sepharose gel followed by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) to extract recombinant human erythropoietin and Darbepoetin from equine plasma. Lectin affinity chromatography was shown to be an effective approach for isolating these epoetins from plasma and in combination with IAC;this method gave superior recovery when compared to the use of the latter technique alone. Moreover, due to the ease with which it can be scaled up, it is particularly well suited for pre-concentrating larger volumes of samples prior to IAC and this provides a facile way of improving the overall sensitivity with which these foreign proteins can be detected in equine plasma.
文摘Cold Agglutinin Disease is a hemolytic anemia associated with cold reactive autoantibodies. Although the acute form of cold agglutinin disease can be attributed to autoimmune or infectious diseases and lymphoproliferative diseases, it has, to the best of our knowledge, so far,never been reported as secondary to mycoplasma pneumonia in a type 2 diabetic individual. In this paper, we report a case of cold agglutinin disease following mycoplasma pneumonia in a 47-year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia. Cold agglutinin test and direct Coombs’ test was positive. Anti-mycoplasma anti-body titre by complement fixation was high (Anti-IgG was negative and Anti-C3d was positive) and was accompanied by hemolytic anemia. Her general condition, including Cold Agglutinin Disease improved after conservative therapy with antibiotics, hypoglycemic agents and short-term use of steroids. The patient recuperated and was discharged in good health after 7 days’ stay in the hospital. She remains clinically well with no recurrence of anemia. The simultaneous occurrence of cold agglutinin disease, mycoplasma infection and diabetes mellitus is rare and accumulation of case reports is required to gain better insight of this case scenario.
文摘Using gel chromatography of Sephadex G-75 superfine connectedwith Sephadex G-50 fine column,three human γ- crystallins(γ1,γ2,γ3)couldbe obtained.Seven agglutinins(LCA,SBA,DBA,PNA,BSL,RCA and UEA)were used to detect the sugar of sub-γ-crystallins,which had been transferredto nitrocellulose membrane and finally stained with ABC reagents and the sub-strate of HPR.These results suggested that γ2-and γ3-crystallin contain sugar,but γ1-crystallin has no sugar.There is a decrease of carbohydrate of γ2 and γ3as...
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Inhabitants from malaria endemic zones often present with enlarged spleen, mainly due to hyper reactive malarial splenomegaly (HMS), and it is seen more commonly associated with elevated levels of Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Cold agglutinin disease is an acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) that is usually due to cold-reacting IgM autoantibodies directed against red cell antigens. The study was conducted in response to the observed high frequency of transfusion dependent anemia in patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic zones in southern province of Rwanda. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of cold agglutinin disease and to assess the distribution of IgM antibodies among these patients. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted over a period of six months from June 2016 to December 2016. The study enrolled adult population from malaria endemic areas of the southern province of Rwanda with unexplained splenomegaly. Blood samples for testing IgM levels, cold agglutinin, FBC, and markers of hemolysis were collected from peripheral health settings and analyzed at the laboratory of Butare University Teaching Hospital. <strong>Results:</strong> During the study period, we enrolled 188 participants with enlarged spleen. One hundred twenty-five (66%) were females and 34% were males. The mean (±SD) age of the study participants was 35.6 ± 15.2 years. Out of 188 participants, only 4.8% were found with significantly positive Cold Agglutinin Titer (CAT) (≥1:64) and 84% of participants were found to have elevated serum IgM level. Hemoglobin level, white blood count and platelets count decrease with severity of splenomegaly, while IgM level increases with spleen size. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Among patients with splenomegaly from malaria endemic areas, IgM levels correlate with the stages of splenomegaly while cold agglutinin disease plays a small role in the etiology of anemia.
