Clinical significance of platelet mononuclear cell aggregates in patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of sepsis combined with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)has increased owing to the enhanced awareness among medical profes-sionals and the continuous development of modern medical technologies,while early diagnosis of ARDS still lacks specific biomarkers.One of the main patho-genic mechanisms of sepsis-associated ARDS involves the actions of various pathological injuries and inflammatory factors,such as platelet and white blood cells activation,leading to an increase of surface adhesion molecules.These adhesion molecules further form platelet-white blood cell aggregates,including platelet-mononuclear cell aggregates(PMAs).PMAs has been identified as one of the markers of platelet activation,here we hypothesize that PMAs might play a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of this complication.METHODS We selected 72 hospitalized patients diagnosed with sepsis as the study population between March 2019 and March 2022.Among them,30 patients with sepsis and ARDS formed the study group,while 42 sepsis patients without ARDS comprised the control group.After diagnosis,venous blood samples were imme-diately collected from all patients.Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the expression of PMAs,platelet neutrophil aggregates(PNAs),and platelet aggregates(PLyAs)in the serum.Additionally,the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)II score was calculated for each patient,and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess diagnostic value.RESULTS The study found that the levels of PNAs and PLyAs in the serum of the study group were higher than those in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).However,the expression of PMAs in the serum of the study group was significantly upregulated(P<0.05)and positively correlated with the APACHE II score(r=0.671,P<0.05).When using PMAs as a diagnostic indicator,the area under the curve value was 0.957,indicating a high diagnostic value(P<0.05).Furthermore,the optimal cutoff value was 8.418%,with a diagnostic sensitivity of 0.819 and specificity of 0.947.CONCLUSION In summary,the serum levels of PMAs significantly increase in patients with sepsis and ARDS.Therefore,serum PMAs have the potential to become a new biomarker for clinically diagnosing sepsis complicated by ARDS.

Mechanical Behavior Based on Aggregates Microstructure of Ultra-high Performance Concrete

We developed ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)incorporating mullite sand and brown corundum sand(BCS),and the quartz sand UHPC was utilized to prepare for comparison.The properties of compressive strength,elastic modulus,ultrasonic pulse velocity,flexural strength,and toughness were investigated.Scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation were also conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms affecting macroscopic performance.Due to the superior interface bonding properties between mullite sand and matrix,the compressive strength and flexural toughness of UHPC have been significantly improved.Mullite sand and BCS aggregates have higher stiffness than quartz sand,contributing to the excellent elastic modulus exhibited by UHPC.The stiffness and volume of aggregates have a more significant impact on the elastic modulus of UHPC than interface performance,and the latter contributes more to the strength of UHPC.This study will provide a reference for developing UHPC with superior elastic modulus for structural engineering.

Straw mulching alters the composition and loss of dissolved organic matter in farmland surface runoff by inhibiting the fragmentation of soil small macroaggregates

Straw mulching is a widespread practice for reducing the soil carbon loss caused by erosion.However,the effects of straw mulching on dissolved organic matter(DOM)runoff loss from black soil are not well studied.How straw mulching affects the composition and loss of runoff DOM by changing soil aggregates remains largely unclear.Here,a straw mulching treatment was compared to a no mulching treatment(as a control)on sloping farmland with black soil erosion in Northeast China.We divided the soil into large macroaggregates(>2 mm),small macroaggregates(0.25-2 mm),and microaggregates(<0.25 mm).After five rain events,the effects of straw mulching on the concentration(characterized by dissolved organic carbon(DoC)and composition(analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy)of runoff and soil aggregate DOM were studied.The results showed that straw mulching reduced the runoff amount by 54.7%.Therefore,although straw mulching increased the average DOc concentration in runoff,it reduced the total runoff DOM loss by 48.3%.The composition of runoff DOM is similar to that of soil,as both contain humic-like acid and protein-like components.With straw mulching treatment,the protein-like components in small macroaggregates accumulated and the protein-like components in runoff declined with rain events.Fluorescence spectroscopy technology may help in understanding the hydrological paths of rain events by capturing the dynamic changes of runoff and soil DOM characteristics.A variation partitioning analysis(VPA)indicated that the DOM concentration and composition of microaggregates explained 68.2%of the change in runoff DOM from no mulching plots,while the change in runoff DOM from straw mulching plots was dominated by small macroaggregates at a rate of 55.1%.Taken together,our results demonstrated that straw mulching reduces the fragmentation of small macroaggregates and the loss of microaggregates,thus effecting DOM compositions in soil and reducing the DOM loss in runoff.These results provide a theoretical basis for reducing carbon loss in sloping farmland.

Polycrystalline ZSM-5 Aggregates Induced by Seed and Catalytic Performance in Methanol to Hydrocarbon

Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite typically utilizes small molecule polyamines or quaternary ammonium salts as organic structure guiding agent(OSDA).By contrast,the OSDA-free hydrothermal synthesis system eliminates the use of organic templates and the subsequent calcination procedure.This not only reduces the cost of synthesis,but also prevents environmental pollution from the combustion of organic templates,representing an eco-friendly approach.Despite this,literature suggests that even so-called template-free synthesis systems often involve trace amount of organic substances like alcohol.In the present work,a calcined commercial ZSM-5 zeolite was served as seed,with sodium aluminate as aluminum source and silica sol as silicon source,ensuring an entirely template-free synthesis system.Polycrystalline ZSM-5 aggregates consisted of rod-like nanocrystals were successfully prepared in the completely OSDA-free system.Effects of the Si/Al ratio in ZSM-5 seed,dosage and crystallization conditions such as crystallization temperature and crystallization time on ZSM-5 synthesis were investigated.The results show that a highly crystallinity ZSM-5 aggregate consisting of primary nano-sized crystals less than 100 nm is produced from a gel precursor with 5.6%(in mass)seed after hydrothermal treatment for 48 h.Furthermore,the Si/Al ratio in ZSM-5 seed has little effect on the topological structure and pore structure of the synthesized samples.However,the seeds with a low Si/Al ratio facilitate faster crystallization of zeolite and enhance the acidity,especially the strong acid centers,of the catalyst.The catalytic performance of the synthesized polycrystalline ZSM-5 was evaluated during dehydration of methanol and compared with a commercial reference ZSM-5r.The results exhibit that as compared with the reference catalyst,the fabricated sample has a longer catalytic lifetime(16 h vs 8 h)attributed to its hierarchical pores derived from the loosely packed primary nanoparticles.Additionally,the prepared polycrystalline catalyst also exhibits a higher aromatics selectivity(28.1%-29.8%vs 26.5%).

High-efficiency Carbonation Modification Methods of Recycled Coarse Aggregates

To solve the problem of only surface carbonation and realize high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,the method of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate with nano materials pre-soaking was first put forward.The carbonation effect of modified recycled coarse aggregate with three different carbonation methods was evaluated,and water absorption,apparent density and crush index of modified recycled coarse aggregate were measured.Combined with XRD,SEM,and MIP microscopic analysis,the high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism of modified recycled coarse aggregate was revealed.The experimental results show that,compared with the non-carbonated recycled coarse aggregate,the physical and microscopic properties of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate are improved.The method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking can realize the high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,for modified recycled coarse aggregate with the method,water absorption is reduced by 23.03%,porosity is reduced by 44.06%,and the average pore diameter is 21.82 nm.The high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism show that the pre-socked nano-SiO_(2) is bound to the hydration product Ca(OH)_(2) of the old mortar with nano-scale C-S-H,which can improve the CO_(2) absorption rate,accelerate the carbonation reaction,generate more stable CaCO_(3) and nano-scale silica gel,and bond to the dense three-dimensional network structure to realize the bidirectional enhancement of nano-materials and pressurized carbonation.It is concluded that the method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking is a novel high-efficiency carbonation modification of recycled coarse aggregate.

"Three-in-One" Ecological Development and Efficient Utilization Model of Aggregates

Green mining and the formation of an effective and efficient development model have become key issues that aggregates enterprises around the world need to solve urgently.On the basis of analyzing the development status of aggregates industry in Xiluodu area,the paper studied the main problems faced in the construction of green aggregates mines at present,and proposed a"three-in-one"ecological,intelligent and efficient green mine construction model for"ecological development","green logistics"and"solid waste recycling"of aggregates.The study has certain theoretical value and practical significance for the construction of green aggregates mine in Xiluodu area.

TAX1BP1 and FIP200 orchestrate non-canonical autophagy of p62 aggregates for mouse neural stem cell maintenance

Autophagy plays a pivotal role in diverse biological processes,including the maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells(NSCs).Interestingly,while complete deletion of Fip200 severely impairs NSC maintenance and differentiation,inhibiting canonical autophagy via deletion of core genes,such as Atg5,Atg16l1,and Atg7,or blockade of canonical interactions between FIP200 and ATG13(designated as FIP200-4A mutant or FIP200 KI)does not produce comparable detrimental effects.This highlights the likely critical involvement of the non-canonical functions of FIP200,the mechanisms of which have remained elusive.Here,utilizing genetic mouse models,we demonstrated that FIP200 mediates non-canonical autophagic degradation of p62/sequestome1,primarily via TAX1BP1 in NSCs.Conditional deletion of Tax1bp1 in fip200hGFAP conditional knock-in(cKI)mice led to NSC deficiency,resembling the fip200hGFAP conditional knockout(cKO)mouse phenotype.Notably,reintroducing wild-type TAX1BP1 not only restored the maintenance of NSCs derived from tax1bp1-knockout fip200hGFAP cKI mice but also led to a marked reduction in p62 aggregate accumulation.Conversely,a TAX1BP1 mutant incapable of binding to FIP200 or NBR1/p62 failed to achieve this restoration.Furthermore,conditional deletion of Tax1bp1 in fip200hGFAP cKO mice exacerbated NSC deficiency and p62 aggregate accumulation compared to fip200hGFAP cKO mice.Collectively,these findings illustrate the essential role of the FIP200-TAX1BP1 axis in mediating the non-canonical autophagic degradation of p62 aggregates towards NSC maintenance and function,presenting novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

Calcium carbonate promotes the formation and stability of soil macroaggregates in mining areas of China

We studied changes in the concentrations of aggregate-cementing agents after different reclamation times and with different fertilization regimes,as well as the formation mechanism of aggregates in reclaimed soil,to provide a theoretical basis for rapid reclamation of soil fertility in the subsidence area of coal mines in Shanxi Province,China.In this study,soil samples of 0–20 cm depth were collected from four fertilization treatments of a longterm experiment started in 2008:no fertilizer (CK),inorganic fertilizer (NPK),chicken manure compost (M),and50%inorganic fertilizer plus 50%chicken manure compost (MNPK).The concentrations of cementing agents and changes in soil aggregate size distribution and stability were analysed.The results showed that the formation of>2 mm aggregates,the aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD),and the proportion of>0.25 mm water-stable aggregates (WR_(0.25)) increased significantly after 6 and 11 years of reclamation.The concentration of organic cementing agents tended to increase with reclamation time,whereas free iron oxide (Fed) and free aluminium oxide(Ald) concentrations initially increased but then decreased.In general,the MNPK treatment signi?cantly increased the concentrations of organic cementing agents and CaCO_(3),and CaCO_(3) increased by 60.4%at 11 years after reclamation.Additionally,CaCO_(3) had the greatest effect on the stability of aggregates,promoting the formation of>0.25 mm aggregates and accounting for 54.4%of the variance in the proportion and stability of the aggregates.It was concluded that long-term reclamation is bene?cial for improving soil structure.The MNPK treatment was the most effective measure for increasing maize grain yield and concentration of organic cementing agents and CaCO_(3).

Substitution of Aggregates in Concrete and Mortar with Coltan Mining Waste: Mechanical, Environmental, and Economic Impact Case Study

The mining process involves drilling and excavation, resulting in the production of waste rock and tailings. The waste materials are then removed and stored in designated areas. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical strength and the environmental and economic impact of using Coltan Mining Waste (CMW) as a substitute for aggregates in concrete and mortar production. To achieve this, the CMW needs to be characterised. The Dreux Gorisse method was primarily used to produce concrete with a strength of 20 MPa at 28 days. The mortars, on the other hand, were formulated according to the NF P 18-452 standard. The environmental impact of using CMW as substitutes for natural aggregates in the production of concrete and mortar was analysed using SimaPro software. The results showed that mortars and concrete made with CMW have comparable compressive strengths to the reference mortar and concrete;reduce the negative impact on ecosystem quality, human health, resources, and climate change. It has also been shown that the substitution of aggregates by CMW reduces the cost of concrete and mortar as a function of the distance from the aggregate footprint.

三峡水库微塑料与悬沙的聚集特性及作用机制

本文依据三峡库区悬沙矿物组成和泥沙级配为依据配置沙样,选择长江上游典型微塑料PMMA和PS,在自制大型水箱中开展水流剪切作用下微塑料和泥沙异质聚集实验,分析微泥絮团的形态特征和聚集机制。结果表明在水流紊动剪切作用下,相比泥沙同质聚集的絮团粒径,微泥异质聚集的絮团粒径更大,且每毫升样品中微泥絮团上的微塑料吸附数量随水流剪切率增大而迅速增加。扫描电镜和能谱分析结果表明,在水动力条件下泥沙与PMMA、PS微球发生异质聚集,聚集过程中存在电子转移和化学态的转变,并产生不饱和键(C C)。由于PMMA官能团的结合能变化比PS大,此过程失电子更多、表面电荷更大,更容易与泥沙发生聚集。

供需双方博弈视角下的V2G优化策略

随着电动汽车爆发式发展,充电负荷的冲击性与电网支撑能力的矛盾突出.为此,提出一种基于供需双方博弈视角的电动汽车充放电(vehicletogrid,V2G)优化策略.首先,结合用户充放电行为特性,构建使电动汽车充放电与基础负荷互洽的电能价格分享机制;然后,针对聚合商电能定价与电动汽车用户充放电行为选择过程中的领导-追随者博弈关系,建立优化模型,领导者层面以聚合商收益最大化为目标,追随者层面以电动汽车用户用电成本最小化为目标;最后,利用搜寻者优化算法分别求解双方的优化目标,进行博弈循环直到均衡,从而得到最优的电能定价策略和电动汽车充放电策略.仿真结果表明:所提出的充放电策略能使电动汽车充放电负荷对基础负荷曲线起到削峰填谷作用,使基础负荷曲线方差减小56.6%,峰谷差减少28.0%,同时,电动汽车用户的充放电成本减少40.4%,而聚合商收益增加约40.1%.

PVA纤维增强砖骨料再生混凝土数值模拟及尺寸效应研究

与刚性纤维相比,聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维具有更细的直径和在混凝土中更加复杂的分布。采用两种建模方法分别建立了PVA纤维增强再生混凝土(FFF-BAC)的细观模型。其中,细观模型1(M1):水泥砂浆基质和PVA纤维结合视为一种特殊的工程水泥基复合材料(S-ECC),并与砖粗骨料(BA)、界面过渡区(ITZ)组合成FFF-BAC。细观模型2(M2):FFF-BAC为水泥砂浆、PVA、BA、ITZ组合成的四相材料。结合文献中S-ECC的试验结果,计算S-ECC的应力-应变关系。分别建立M1、M2,并与FFF-BAC单轴压缩试验结果进行比较,结果表明,M1与测试结果更加一致,各项参数的最大误差为11.0%。基于M1研究了FFF-BAC截面的损伤破坏过程,预测了BA掺量对抗压强度的影响,探究了不同尺寸的FFF-BAC的破坏模式,建立了可预测不同BA掺量的FFF-BAC抗压强度的尺寸效应公式。

辐射诱变水稻雄性不育突变体tda的遗传与细胞学分析

为了挖掘更多与水稻花药发育相关的基因,利用60Co-γ射线辐照粳稻品种松香早粳,获得1个水稻雄性不育突变体tda,并对其细胞学和遗传学进行分析。结果表明,tda突变体在营养生长期无明显的表型缺陷,花序和花器官能正常发育,但其花药较小且呈白色。组织切片研究发现,tda突变体在小孢子发育时期开始出现异常,绒毡层提前降解,小孢子呈畸形状,随后小孢子萎缩不能形成正常的花粉粒。遗传学分析表明,tda是一个单基因控制的隐性核突变体。该研究结果为TDA基因的克隆、功能分析及水稻花药发育的分子机制奠定了基础。

固化水库底泥制备人工骨料及其性能研究

水库底泥中含有大量无机质,经过处理后,可以用底泥生产建筑材料。采用固化剂固化水库底泥制备人工骨料,通过正交实验研究固化剂的最优掺量(固化剂的掺量以水库底泥的掺量为基准),其结果为:硅酸钠8%、石膏6%、聚羧酸高效减水剂3%、三乙醇胺0.05%(下文简称为SRPT)。然后,掺入最优SRPT作为附加固化剂制备出人工骨料并探究其性能。结果表明:掺入最优SRPT组骨料的筒压强度最大为7.31 MPa,相比于不掺固化剂组提升了44.2%,1 h吸水率为9.34%,堆积密度为937 kg/m^(3)。用SRPT固化剂固化水库底泥制备人工骨料可以高价值利用水库底泥,并且制备的骨料满足规范要求,研究成果为水库底泥在水利工程中的利用提供了新思路。

外投料式滚筒筛分骨料的效率研究

为了提高外投料式滚筒筛分骨料的效率,对其筛分过程进行研究。以(10~40)mm粒度范围的骨料为研究对象,基于离散元理论,利用EDEM建立筛分模型并结合其筛分过程进行模拟仿真,得到在一定条件时,其转速和进料角度对滚筒筛分效率的影响规律:骨料筛分的最佳转速为15rpm,最佳进料角度为150°;通过正交实验模拟,得到了外投料式滚筒筛的滚筒转速、进料角度、进料量三因素对骨料筛分效率的显著性和最佳取值。仿真研究结果可以为外投料式滚筒筛的结构设计及其工艺参数优化提供借鉴和参考,具有较强的工程应用价值。

基于层次特征增强的细粒度点云分类

针对粗粒度点云分类方法在细粒度数据集中局部特征提取不足的问题,提出了一种基于层次特征增强的三维细粒度点云分类网络(HFE-Net)。基于Veronese映射的点特征增强模块(V-PE)对点云数据进行数据增强,辅助网络学习法线和姿态高阶信息;基于多尺度上下文感知的簇内特征增强模块(CA-IntraCE),利用不同尺度的K近邻(K-nearest neighbors,KNN)算法以及交叉注意力实现不同尺度特征的增强,以消除最大池化带来的信息丢失;基于分组稀疏采样的簇间特征增强模块(GSS-InterCE),利用最远点采样(FPS)算法获得稀疏点,并采用交叉注意力实验不同簇间的特征增强,从而提高网络的细粒度判别能力。在FG3D数据集Airplane、Car和Chair 3个类别上的实验结果显示,HFE-Net的总体准确率分别达97.40%,80.53%和83.83%,已超过现有最优方法DC-Net、FGPNet的分类框架,说明HFE-Net的分类性能具有一定的优越性。

核磁共振测井TDA识别油气的影响因素

TDA(时域分析)方法是核磁共振测井的主要方法之一,在判断储层流体类型、性质和孔隙度计算方面有很大的优势,但在应用中却存在一定的局限性.针对TDA方法在流体识别中存在的一些问题,通过数值模拟不同条件的地层对其在油气识别中的影响因素及适用性进行分析.研究结果表明:TDA主要用来识别轻烃,采用D9TW采集模式采集核磁自旋回波串,TDA能识别的轻质油粘度<9mPa.s;长极化时间不变,短极化时间TWS提高到2s,TDA能识别的轻质油粘度<4mPa.s.双TW回波串的差(差值信号,转换为孔隙度单位称为差分孔隙度)与地层孔隙度、含烃饱和度、含氢指数、极化函数等影响因素正相关.对于低信噪比的核磁数据,综合各影响因素,发现烃的差分孔隙度要>1.5p.u.,TDA方法才能有效识别油气和计算孔隙度.

TDA废水超临界水氧化法降解

针对2,4-二氨基甲苯废水难降解的缺点,采用超临界水氧化法降解进行实验研究.实验结果表明,选用FeSO4.7H2O作为催化剂有较好的效果.通过对温度、压力、废水停留时间、催化剂用量等影响因素的研究,得出最优条件:pH值为3.5,氧化剂体积比为9%,温度选择450℃,压力为26.5MPa,时间为300s,催化剂用量10mg/L.最优条件下CODCr去除率为96.79%.

粗集料形态对沥青路面抗滑性能影响研究

为进一步明确粗集料形态特征与沥青路面抗滑性能的关系,基于AIMS II设备获取了3种岩性4种整形程度粗集料的梯度棱角、纹理指标、球度、形态综合指标等形态指标,采用摆式摩擦仪和激光扫描仪获取沥青混合料表层的B PN20、平均构造深度M TD、形态参数、分形维数指标等抗滑性能评价指标,通过Pearson相关系数法建立粗集料形态指标与沥青混合料表层抗滑性能评价指标的关系。结果表明:混合粗集料加权期望梯度棱角值与路面B PN20值有较大相关度,相关系数达到0.9以上,建议在施工前提高粗集料的梯度棱角值,以确保沥青路面具有可靠的抗滑性能。研究成果有利于进一步改善沥青路面的抗滑性能。

基于移动群智感知拍卖的安全数据聚合方案

不同于以往仅关注无线传感器网络中安全数据聚合(secure data aggregation,SDA)的机密性而忽视其可靠性的研究,将群智感知的拍卖模型与SDA相结合,提出了一种新的安全隐私同态数据聚合机制(secure privacy homomorphism data aggregation,SPHDA).首先,讨论了SDA的拍卖模型,与传统的拍卖模型相比,该模式可同时具有隐私保护和完整性验证能力.其次,研究了一种激励机制,簇头仅从簇内的成员节点的子集收集传感数据,以减少节点之间的通信量,同时不失准确性和完整性.仿真结果表明,该机制在准确性的约束下保障了系统的有效性.