NPIPVis:A visualization system involving NBA visual analysis and integrated learning model prediction

Background Data-driven event analysis has gradually become the backbone of modern competitive sports analysis. Competitive sports data analysis tasks increasingly use computer vision and machine-learning models for intelligent data analysis. Existing sports visualization systems focus on the player–team data visualization, which is not intuitive enough for team season win–loss data and game time-series data visualization and neglects the prediction of all-star players. Methods This study used an interactive visualization system designed with parallel aggregated ordered hypergraph dynamic hypergraphs, Calliope visualization data story technology,and i Storyline narrative visualization technology to visualize the regular statistics and game time data of players and teams. NPIPVis includes dynamic hypergraphs of a team’s wins and losses and game plot narrative visualization components. In addition, an integrated learning-based all-star player prediction model, SRR-voting, which starts from the existing minority and majority samples, was proposed using the synthetic minority oversampling technique and Random Under Sampler methods to generate and eliminate samples of a certain size to balance the number of allstar and average players in the datasets. Next, a random forest algorithm was introduced to extract and construct the features of players and combined with the voting integrated model to predict the all-star players, using GridSearch CV, to optimize the hyperparameters of each model in integrated learning and then combined with five-fold cross-validation to improve the generalization ability of the model. Finally, the SHapley Additive ex Planations(SHAP) model was introduced to enhance the interpretability of the model. Results The experimental results of comparing the SRR-voting model with six common models show that the accuracy, F1-score, and recall metrics are significantly improved, which verifies the effectiveness and practicality of the SRR-voting model. Conclusions This study combines data visualization and machine learning to design a National Basketball Association data visualization system to help the general audience visualize game data and predict all-star players;this can also be extended to other sports events or related fields.

Interactive multigraph visualization and exploration with a two-phase strategy

While it is very reasonable to use a multigraph consisting of multiple edges between vertices to represent various relationships, the multigraph has not drawn much attention in research. To visualize such a multigraph, a clear layout representing a global structure is of great importance, and interactive visual analysis which allows the multiple edges to be adjusted in appropriate ways for detailed presentation is also essential. A novel interactive two-phase approach to visualizing and exploring multigraph is proposed. The approach consists of two phases： the first phase improves the previous popular works on force-directed methods to produce a brief drawing for the aggregation graph of the input multigraph, while the second phase proposes two interactive strategies, the magnifier model and the thematic-oriented subgraph model. The former highlights the internal details of an aggregation edge which is selected interactively by user, and draws the details in a magnifying view by cubic Bezier curves; the latter highlights only the thematic subgraph consisting of the selected multiple edges that the user concerns. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated with a real-world multigraph dataset and how it is used effectively is discussed for various potential applications.

Visualization of collision and aggregation behavior of particles simulating movement of inclusions in molten steel

Inclusions with sizes less than 1 μm in molten steel are difficult to float up to the molten steel and slag interface owing to their slow terminal velocity. Thus, increasing the size of inclusion is essential for accelerating the removal of inclusions. Polystyrene particles simulating inclusions in molten steel were quantified by direct observation of the particle collision behavior in a turbulent flow in a water model. The box-counting fractal dimension of particles was calculated by processing the binary images of aggregated particles. The fractal dimension of the outer contours of the single plastic particles was smaller than that of the aggregated particles. The fractal dimension was varied from 1.14 to 1.35. When two or more monomer particles collide, the aggregates are separated more easily, as the temperature increases from 40 to 80 ℃. The aggregated particles were loose and easy to separate in the high-temperature aqueous solution. The effect of temperature on the surface tension of liquid and the interracial tension of solid and liquid is obvious. The particles are wetting in the water solution at a temperature more than 60 ℃. The relationship between the velocity of the particles and the fractal dimension of the solid particles with the equivalent diameter was discussed.

Information Visualization Theorem for Battlefield Screen

Designing military screen (display) is not complicated in the past, the design should contains easiness of using, visibility and functionality. And it is important that contains all of the information what the system could be gotten. Today military display design can be valued by consideration of human’s cognition model. A few information, which operators of military display could easily miss, could bring critical loss. So the military display needs the ability to help operator decide the military decision with sufficient consideration of battlefield information in a short time. The information is considerably complicated because it has many military entities and many attributes for each entities. For this reason this research contains the methodology of information organization especially for visual information. When the operator use military display, the required information should be recognized at a glance and located where the operator can place his eye easily. Therefore, the display screen should efficiently organize and effectively transfer the information. This paper specifically proposes design methodology to effectively organize and visualize the information in the display screen. The theory of information visualization in a variety of fields already exist, but it has no established theory for the origin of the display screen design. Since the theory was selected to organize the military display interface design for the display screen of the battlefield situation existing information visualization theory.

DataV:Data Visualization on large high-resolution displays

In recent years,the technology and applications of visualizations on large high-resolution displays(LHDs)have received widespread attention because of its perceptual benefits and improved productivity.However,existing work on LHD visualization lacks both comprehensive guidance for design requirements and tools developed for its specific usage scenarios.In this paper,we present the scenarios,design,and implementation of DataV,a Software-as-a-Service(SaaS)visual deployment tool that enables rapid construction and cross-platform publishing of interactive visualization on LHDs.Our framework can support rich components for the high-performance rendering of multisource heterogeneous data.DataV provides a full-fledged toolchain to help the user efficiently specify layout and interactions.We present its accessibility and impressive visual effects with examples and comparison with Tableau,Power BI,VisComposer,and iVisDesigner.We also report the performance of using DataV for 3D map rendering by comparing it with deck.gl.

Effect of visual attention guidance by camera work in visualization using dome display

Dome display is expected to be used as effective visualization environment for modeling and simulation due to the features of frameless and high immersive sensation.However,since the users in the dome display can see the projected image in arbitrary direction freely,it is difficult to share information among the viewers.In this research,in order to solve such a problem,the effect of visual attention guidance in the dome environment due to the effect of camera work was examined.As a visualization system,DomePlayer that can express the effect of camera work based on the camera work description language was developed.From the result of evaluation experiments using this system,the constraint condition of the camera work in the dome environment was derived and the effect of visual attention guidance by the camera work was evaluated.

Holographic visualization of volume data based on adjustable ray to optical-wave conversion

A holographic visualization of volume data based on adjustable ray to optical-wave conversion is presented.Computergenerated holograms are generated by emitting multiple rays to sample the volumetric field.Equal interval sampling,object light wave adjustment,and information composition are sequentially performed during the march of rays.The program is accelerated in parallel to reduce the total time,and the reconstructions are dynamically adjusted to express different parts of an object.Optical experiments verify that the proposed method can holographically reconstruct the surface and interior information of objects.

Search Processes in the Exploration of Complex Data under Different Display Conditions

The study investigated user experience, display complexity, display type (tables versus graphs), and task difficulty as variables affecting the user’s ability to navigate through complex visual data. A total of 64 participants, 39 undergraduate students (novice users) and 25 graduate students (intermediate-level users) participated in the study. The experimental design was 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 mixed design using two between-subject variables (display complexity, user experience) and two within-subject variables (display format, question difficulty). The results indicated that response time was superior for graphs (relative to tables), especially when the questions were difficult. The intermediate users seemed to adopt more extensive search strategies than novices, as revealed by an analysis of the number of changes they made to the display prior to answering questions. It was concluded that designers of data displays should consider the (a) type of display, (b) difficulty of the task, and (c) expertise level of the user to obtain optimal levels of performance.

Representation Learning with Deconvolution for Multivariate Time Series Classification and Visualization

We propose a new model based on the convolutional networks and SAX(Symbolic Aggregate Approximation)discretization to learn the representation for multivariate time series.The deep neural networks has excellent expressiveness,which is fully exploited by the convolutional networks with means of unsupervised learning.We design a network structure to obtain the cross-channel correlation with means of convolution and deconvolution,the pooling operation is utilized to perform the dimension reduction along each position of the channels.Discretization which based on the Symbolic Aggregate Approximation is applied on the feature vectors to extract the bag of features.We collect two different representations from the convolutional networks,the compression from bottle neck and the last convolutional layers.We show how these representations and bag of features can be useful for classification.We provide a full comparison with the sequence distance based approach on the standard datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.We further build the Markov matrix according to the discretized representation abstracted from the deconvolution,time series is visualized to complex networks through Markov matrix visualization,which show more class-specific statistical properties and clear structures with respect to different labels.

Association between tear film break up time and blink interval in visual display terminal users

AIM：To investigate the association between tear film break up time（TBUT）and blinking interval in visual display terminal（VDT）users.METHODS：Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing,and functional visual acuity（FVA）test.The blinking interval during FVA was compared with TBUT.Subjects with longer blinking interval than TBUT were considered as unstable tear film.Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for unstable tear group.RESULTS：Among 930 workers,858 subjects（92.3%）participated in this study.Almost 80% of the subjects were categorized into the unstable tear group.Unstable tear group has significantly lower Schirmer values and TBUT（17.5±11.6 vs 21.1±11.5 mm,3.7±2.6 vs 5.7±2.7s,both P〈0.001）.There were no significant differences in epithelial staining or severity of symptoms.Logistic regression showed that over 40y was a risk for being unstable tear group[odds ratio（OR）=1.53;95%confidence interval（CI）=1.06-2.20].Contact lens use was protective factor for being in the unstable tear group（OR=0.37;95%CI=0.26-0.53）.CONCLUSION：Subjects with shorter TBUT than blinking interval are prevalent among VDT users.Subjects over the age of 40 shows an increased risk for unstable tear film.

Light Emitting Diodes as a Rapid Visual Display for Use in Psychological Experiments

In this paper we show how light emitting diodes (LEDs) can be used in conjunction with existing display technologies as a means for achieving ultra-rapid visual stimulus exposure durations. We review existing rapid visual display methods, and show how our apparatus overcomes the limitations inherent with each technique. Our apparatus, the LED tachistoscope, takes advantage of the fast-switching times and high-brightness capabilities of LEDs in order to present stimuli at previously unachievable durations as rapid as 1 ms. The rapid exposure durations are achieved by external LED backlight illumination of images on a liquid crystal display (LCD) after the components of the LCD have stabilized. This ensures that stimulus onset and offset are discrete. Furthermore, the fast-switching of the LEDs enables stimuli to be revealed for very rapid durations. The paper also describes studies in which the LED tachistoscope has already been applied, and offers suggestions for other possible applications. Interestingly, in our studies we show that the human visual system is very adept at extracting information with only very minimal stimulus exposure durations. Such studies have not been possible with existing display equipment. The LED tachistoscope opens up avenues for a variety of psychological and physiological experiments and provides a means for revealing the limits of human visual perception.

High-elevation Adaptation of Motion Visual Display Modifications in the Toad-Headed Agamid Lizards(Phrynocephalus)

Understanding the process of adaptation is a key mission in modern evolutionary biology.Animals living at high elevations face challenges in energy meta bolism due to several environmental constraints(e.g., oxygen supply, food availa bility,and movement time). Animal behavioral processes are intimately related to energy meta bolism, and therefore, behavioral modifica tions are expected to be an important mechanism for high-elevation adaptation. We tested this behavioral adaptation hypothesis using va ria tions of motion visual displays in toad-headed agamid lizards of the genus Phr ynocephalus. We predicted tha t complexity of visual motion displays would decrease with the increase of elevation, because motion visual displays are energetically costly. Displays of 12 Phr ynocephalus species were collected with elevations ranging from sea level to 4600 m. We quantified display complexity using the number of display components, display duration, pathways of display components, as well as display speed for each species. Association between display complexity and elevation was analyzed using the phylogenetic generalized least squares(PGLS)model. We found that both the number of display components and the average value of tail coil speed were negatively correlated with elevation, suggesting that toad-headed lizards living at high-elevation areas reduced their display complexity to cope with the environmental constraints. Our research provides direct evidence for high-elevation adaptation from a behavioral aspect and illustrates the potential impacts of environment heterogeneity on motion visual display diversification.

EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELD SUSCEPTIBILITY OF VISUAL DISPLAY UNITS

Extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field susceptibility is an index of visual display unit (VDU) quality and performance. This paper provided field measured data on the susceptibility for a large variety of VDUs. A test rig was built to study the susceptibility of VDUs to magnetic fields at fundamental and third harmonic frequencies. It was found that the susceptibility level is largely dependent on refresh rate of the VDU and the orientation of the external ELF field. It was also found that the VDU susceptibility is significantly increased in the presence of harmonic frequency magnetic fields. About 30% of the tested samples have susceptibility levels higher than that stated in IEC 1000-4-8 standard.

The Implementation of Graphic Display of FAS

The principle of the fire alarm system and the implementation techniques of its computer graphic display are presented. With the help of the designing thoughts and technology of OOP, a Fire Alarm System (FAS) has been developed by using visual C++ language. The system has been put into use in many important buildings and has played an important role in monitoring and controlling the fire.

茜素/Al^(3+)基探针比率荧光高灵敏检测鸡蛋中环丙沙星残留

为解决环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)在禽蛋养殖业中的残留问题,该研究基于聚集诱导发射(aggregation induced emission,AIE)效应和配位作用构建一种新型探针实现CIP残留的比率荧光可视化检测。在该探针中Al^(3+)触发茜素聚集引起荧光强度增强,其红色荧光作为参比信号。Al^(3+)与CIP之间的配位作用引起了CIP的本征荧光显著增强,此蓝色荧光作为响应信号。随着CIP浓度的增加,探针溶液由红色变为紫色再变为蓝色,为半定量视觉分析提供了参考。在最佳检测条件下,该探针在0.01~10.00μmol/L的范围内对CIP呈现良好的线性响应(R^(2)=0.991),检测限为6.9 nmol/L。此外,该探针也具有优异的选择性和抗干扰能力,在鸡蛋样品中CIP残留的加标回收试验中表现出较好的回收率和稳定性。

基于MCMC算法的粗集料粒径分布推断研究

运用机器视觉对振动盘掉落的粗集料进行数据采集,得到了动态集料的‘伪三维’图像。针对图像信息不能准确表达集料真实三维情况,引入贝叶斯统计推断的思想对集料进行粒径分布的推断,选取等效Feret短径作为图像特征,由于集料在大粒径情况下其Feret短径与实际粒径误差较大,故增加了等效椭圆短径作为第二特征。为获得准确的后验分布和高效的工程计算能力,采用了MCMC算法,解决了传统贝叶斯统计推断在高维计算不足的问题,从而得到了集料粒径分布的后验分布。实验结果表明:该方法的针对合格集料的粒径分布测量误差保持在±2.5%以内,不合格集料误差保持在±3.5%以内。

基于可视化分析的土壤团聚体有机碳研究进展与热点

为更清晰直观了解国内目前对土壤团聚体有机碳的研究进展和发展趋势,以核心期刊(CNKI)中的630篇关于土壤团聚体有机碳的研究论文为数据源,基于可视化工具(VOS viewer和Citespace)对研究论文的发文数量、被引频次、论文作者、机构和关键词等进行可视化研究。研究结果显示:随时间推移(2000-2023),中国土壤团聚体有机碳论文发表数量不断增加,尤其是2007年后增幅较快。发文机构以中国科学院发文量最多且国内影响力最大,西北农林科技大学次之。领域的研究热点集中在探究保护性耕作(耕作方式和秸秆还田)以及施肥方式等因素对土壤团聚体有机碳空间分布和含量的影响上。研究前沿主要侧重于探究生物炭、改良剂对土壤团聚体组成及有机碳含量的影响,未来可能成为研究热点。

遵循格式塔原则的多约束地图居民地聚类研究

以地图居民地聚类为研究对象,以约束条件和聚类算法为视角,通过约束Delaunay三角网为几何模型的最小生成树(MST)聚类算法,结合居民地分布模式的格式塔原则,对艾廷华提出的“视觉距离”进行了优化:先以邻近距离代替欧氏距离,再加入对认知效应有一定影响的形状和密度差异,最后加入楼高语义约束因子对居民地对象进行多约束条件聚类分析,力图为地图要素的自动制图综合提供参照。比较欧氏距离、邻近距离和视觉距离3种约束条件下的MST聚类结果以及在视觉距离约束下K-means方法、系统聚类法和MST算法的聚类结果发现,以优化后的视觉距离为约束条件的MST聚类算法得到的聚类结果更有效、更符合人的认知结果。

基于局部空间特征引导的表情识别算法

面部表情识别在计算机视觉任务中受到越来越多的关注,由于真实场景中的表情往往包含着大量由姿态、年龄、图像质量、标注等因素带来的噪声,大大增加了类内变化,给表情的分类任务带来了很大的困难。现有的基于此类问题的研究往往聚焦于数据本身,通过对数据进行筛选或者扩大模型接受的数据类型的形式提高识别能力,没有考虑到卷积网络本身对图像特征关注的局限性。针对该问题,提出了一种基于局部空间特征引导的卷积神经网络,对于特征图的某部分像素点进行强调,引导卷积网络的深层特征图能够关注到多个对分类有效的局部面部区域,同时使用对数据重标记的形式抑制由标签错误导致的噪声问题。经过在多个公开的表情识别数据集中测试,并与多个同类方法对比,所提方法具有较好的识别效果。

高分子科学实验中玻璃化转变可视化的教学改革探索

在高分子专业相关的课程中,玻璃化转变是重要的组成部分。玻璃化转变发生于温度高于玻璃化转变温度(Tg)后分子链段运动的一系列变化,具有很强的理论性特点。设计科学严谨又通俗易懂的教学方法和手段展开教学是该课程的难点。聚集诱导发光(AIE)分子所表现出的内运动受限发光特点为可视化研究玻璃化转变过程提供了条件。本文通过在高分子材料中掺杂AIE分子的方式设计了一种实验教学样品,其可通过简单的紫外灯照射实现玻璃化转变的可视化,更好地帮助教师阐述分子链段运动特点,达到了很好的教学效果。