Triboelectric nanogenerator based on electrodeposited Ag octahedral nano-assemblies

The tremendous potential of triboelectric generators-TENGs for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy places them as one of the most promising energy harvesting technologies. In this work, the fabrication of enhanced performance TENGs using Ag octahedron nano-assemblies on ITO as electrodes significantly increases the electric charge collection of the induced tribocharges. Thereby, nanostructured electrical contacts coated with Ag macroscale nano-assemblies with octahedral features were obtained by the electrodeposition technique on flexible PET/ITO substrates. Consequently, the nanostructured triboelectric generator-TENG exhibited 65 times more maximum output power, and almost 10 times more open circuit output voltage than that of a TENG with non-nanostructured contacts passing from μW to m W capabilities, which was attributed to the increment of intrinsic interface states due to a higher effective contact area in the former. Likewise, output performances of TENGs also displayed an asymptotic behavior on the output voltage as the operating frequency of the mechanical oscillations increased, which is attributed to a decrement in the internal impedance of the device with frequency. Furthermore, it is shown that the resulting electrical output power can successfully drive low power consumption electronic devices. On that account, the present research establishes a promising platform which contributes in an original way to the development of the TENGs technology.

Thrombin Generation Increasing with Age and Decreasing with Use of Heparin Indicated by Calibrated Automated Thrombogram Conducted in Chinese

Objective Calibrated Automated Thrombogram（CAT） is a test to monitor the generation of thrombin. It can be described by four parameters： lag time, peak thrombin, endogenous thrombin potential （ETP） and time to peak （ttPeak）. This study aims to determine the normal ranges of CAT parameters in Chinese, and evaluate whether thrombin generation is correlated with the concentration of heparin/Iow molecular weight heparin. Methods Plasma from 120 healthy subjects were collected to determine the normal rangea of CAT parameters in Chinese. Normal plasma pool （NPP, n=25） spiked with different concentrations of heparin or enoxaparin were used to detecte CAT parameters. The overall and age specific normal ranges of CAT parameters were calculated using descriptive statistics method with mean＋-2SD. The correlation between CAT parameters and age or concentrations of heparin, enoxaparin were analyzed with linear regression model. Results The normal ranges for lag time, peak thrombin, ETP, ttPeak in the subjects were 3.648＋2.465 min, 367.39＋151.93 nmol/L, 2277＋_1030 nmol/L.min and 6.372＋_4.280 min respectively. Age was linearly correlated with lag time （r=-0.6583, P〈0.0002）, peak thrombin （r=0.4863, P〈0.0002）, ETP （r=0.3608, P〈0.0014） and ttPeak （r=-0.6323, P〈0.0002）. The values of ETP/peak ratio were linearly correlated with concentrations of heparin. Conclusion The normal ranges of four CAT parameters for Chinese were determined. CAT parameters are associated with age. ETP/peak ratio could be used to monitor the process of anticoagulation therapy.

Theoretical research on enhancement of gain for Ni-like Ag 13.9 nm x-ray laser using a new two-layer target

For experiments such as on Ni-like Ag x-ray laser, driven by 1ω laser, the gain region is only several nm depth near the target surface, this paper proposes a new two-layer target, in which a thin layer （several nm depth） of silver is plated on the surface of some other materials. Furthermore, the Ni-like Ag 13.9 nm x-ray laser produced by three new kinds of two-layer target with CH, Al and Ge as foundation, was theoretically studied.

X-ray Diffraction and Electrical Conductivity Studies on Ag-Cu-Se System

A number of X-ray patterns and electrical conductivities of five different samples of Ag-Cu-Se system have been measured. These samples of Ag-Cu-Se system: (Ag1.188, Cu0.812)Se, (Ag,Cu)Se; (Ag0.9, Cu1.1 )Se, (Ag0.8, Cu1.2)Se and (Ag0.6, Cu1.4)Se were prepared under controlled conditions. Analysis of the experimental data shows that Frenkel defects are predominated in (Ag1.188, Cu0.812)Se and Schottky defects prevailing in the other samples. The activation energy values △E calculated from the linear behaviour of electrical conductivity a with temperature (0-90℃) reveal that the impurity content increases in the direction of (Ag,Cu)Se→(Ag0.8,Cu1.2 )Se

Evaluation of Pressure of Arterial Oxygen by Age in Supine Position during General Anesthesia

Background: The concentration of supplemental O2 should be measured during general anesthesia to determine whether patients’ pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is correct. Nevertheless, we do not know standard value of PaO2 by age in supine position during general anesthesia. In this study, we evaluated the PaO2 by age at 33% or 40% O2 concentration. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the anesthetic charts of 660 patients who were received general anesthesia from January 2001 to December 2013. Patients were divided into two groups by concentration of fraction of inspiratory oxygen: group at 33% or 40%. Second, patients aged 16 - 85 years were classified into 7 groups by age with each group covering one decade. Results: The PaO2 was 185.1 ± 19.2 mmHg (33%) and 209.8 ± 19.8 mmHg (40%) at age 16 - 25 years, 178.7 ± 23.6 mmHg (33%) and 202.7 ± 26.0 mmHg (40%) at age 26 - 35 years, 165.8 ± 30.6 mmHg (33%) and 188.9 ± 22.2 (40%) mmHg at age 36 - 45 years, 154.1 ± 22.8 mmHg (33%) and 181.8 ± 19.2 (40%) mmHg at age 46 - 55 years, 153.7 ± 21.7 mmHg (33%) and 177.5 ± 18.1 mmHg (40%) at age 56 - 65 years, 152.2 ± 24.5 mmHg and 171.0 ± 22.1 mmHg at age 66 - 75 years, and 154.6 ± 24.3 mmHg and 174.1 ± 20.2 mmHg at age 76 - 85 years. Conclusion: The PaO2 tended to decrease with age at both 33% and 40% O2 concentration.

A General Model for Hepatitis B Disease with Age-Dependent Susceptibility and Transmission Probabilities

A SEI model for hepatitis B is constructed where the susceptibility and other crucial transmission probabilities depend on the chronological age and the basic reproduction rate R0 is derived. Under suitable (biological and mathematical) assumptions in a closed population, results of Houpa D. D. E. et al. [1] are extended from constant case of p and q to age-dependent case: the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) if R0 . On the other hand, R0 > 1 induces that endemic equilibrium is GAS and the system is uniformly persistent.

出生体质量、妊娠日龄和世代间隔对奶牛泌乳性能的影响

[目的]为充分发挥青年牛产犊后的产奶潜力,研究出生、配种及妊娠等不同阶段对其产后泌乳性能的影响。[方法]2021年1月—2023年12月收集新疆石河子2个规模化奶牛场中青年牛出生日期、配种日期、妊娠日期、产犊和所产犊牛体质量以及产后产奶量等信息,分析青年牛出生体质量、妊娠日期、世代间隔等因素与其产后泌乳性能的相关性。[结果]青年牛的出生体质量、配种体质量及妊娠日龄和世代间隔等因素均对其产后泌乳性能均产生显著影响,呈正相关(P<0.05)。出生体质量在37 kg以上、配种体质量达到410 kg,妊娠日龄超过438 d以及世代间隔711.16 d以上的青年母牛产后头胎次泌乳量相对较高。[结论]应加强青年母牛妊娠期的营养管理,同时合理控制配种体质量和妊娠时间,并优化世代间隔。

Fe掺杂纳米复合Ag-SnO_2电接触材料耐电压性能

利用化学共沉淀和常压烧结等方法制备出纳米复合Ag-SnO2和Fe掺杂Ag-SnO2触头合金,对合金触头进行了耐电压实验和SEM形貌观察。实验结果发现制备的触头合金呈现纳米第二相弥散均匀分布在Ag基体中。纳米复合电接触材料耐电压强度分布比商业用AgSnO2In2O3集中,但平均耐电压强度比商用低9.8%～29.7%。放电后,纳米复合电接触材料表面蚀坑凸凹起伏程度小,烧蚀轻微。

我国农村家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理实践影响因素:一项范围综述

背景以家庭医生签约服务为载体的健康管理服务是我国农村老年人实现健康老龄化的必要途径,而该项服务在实践中受到多种因素影响。目的对影响我国农村家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理实践的因素进行范围综述,为提高该项服务的可及性和有效性提供参考依据。方法于2023年1—4月,遵循范围综述报告规范清单,于Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Medline、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网和中国生物医学文献数据库检索有关家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理的文献,检索时限为建库至2022-12-31。根据纳入和排除标准,基于社会生态学模型审查、总结和分析影响农村家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理实践的因素。结果共纳入27篇文献,提取了与农村家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理相关的个人、人际、组织、社区及政策5个层面的影响因素。结论农村家庭医生签约服务老年人健康管理实践受到多层面、多因素影响,推动农村地区签约服务老年人健康管理发展需综合考虑其影响因素,明确各责任部门、主体的权利和义务,合力促进以家庭医生签约服务为载体的健康管理服务提质增效。

球形花状多孔碳材料制备及应用

采用老化处理与水热碳化结合的策略,以葡萄糖为碳源,成功制备了球形花状多孔碳材料,相应Pd(OH)_(2)/C催化剂在笼形底物的氢解脱苄反应中显示出优异的催化活性。具体研究了MgCl_(2)/Na_(2)CO_(3)物质的量比、葡萄糖浓度和老化处理对碳材料形貌的影响,确定了球形花状多孔碳材料的较佳制备条件。通过扫描电镜、粉末X射线衍射和氮气吸/脱附测试表征了原位自生模板剂和多孔碳材料的形貌、晶相结构及比表面积和孔径分布。发现将MgCl_(2)和Na_(2)CO_(3)在常温下混合,首先生成的是棒状碳酸镁,经过80℃老化处理后,转变为球形花状碱式碳酸镁,它是葡萄糖水热碳化的模板剂。

代际经济视角下老年收入保障充分性分析

研究探讨老年收入保障充分性这一应对人口老龄化的基础性问题。基于代际经济视角和国民转移账户方法,量化了2000—2019年间老年期收入和消费与其他年龄组的差距,以及转移支付对老年人口收入的再分配效应。研究发现,老年人口的收入高于其消费;退休后的收入替代率持续改善。老年收入保障存在的短板主要有:老年人口的财富盈余与其他年龄组别之间存在较大差距;老年人口的公共和私人转移“收”少于“支”;老年消费中所缴纳的税费对冲了公共财政对老年收入的支持;公共转移未能充分发挥减少老年人口之间收入不平等的作用。研究认为,提供充分老年收入保障,需要通过城镇职工基本养老保险扩容和消费性税负减免改善政府对老年人口转移支付的再分配效率。

Small Angle X-ray Scattering Study of Precipitation Kinetics in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys

The evolution of microstructure parameters （precipitate size and volume fraction） for two types of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys （7075 and 7055） during aging has been studied by synchrotron-radiation small angle X-ray scattering （SAXS）.The results show that the precipitates are only a few nanorneters for both alloys ageing even at higher temperature of 160℃ for 72 h （4.44 and 5.82 nm, respectively）. The maximum of the precipitate volume fraction increases with in creasing Zn content and is about 0.023-0.028 and 0.052-0.054, respectively. The coarsening of precipitate is consistent with LSW （Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner） model even at the initial stage where volume fraction is still varying.The activation energy of coarsening regime has been determined to be about 1.22±0.02 eV and 1.25±0.02 eV for alloys 7075 and 7055, respectively.

Evaluation of zirconia–porcelain interface using X-ray diffraction

The aim of this study was to determine if accelerated aging of porcelain veneering had an effect on the surface properties specific to a tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation（TMT） of zirconia restorations. Thirty-six zirconia samples were milled and sintered to simulate core fabrication followed by exposure to various combinations of surface treatments including as-received（control）,hydrofluoric acid（HF）, application of liner plus firings, application of porcelain by manual layering and pressing with firing, plus accelerated aging. The quantity of transformed tetragonal to monoclinic phases was analyzed utilized an X-ray diffractometer and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data. The control samples as provided from the dental laboratory after milling and sintering process had no TMT（X m5 0）. There was an effect on zirconia samples of HF application with TMT（X m5 0.8%） and liner plus HF application with TMT（X m5 8.7%）. There was an effect of aging on zirconia samples（no veneering） with significant TMT（X m5 70.25%）. Both manual and pressing techniques of porcelain applications reduced the TMT（manual, X m5 4.41%, pressing,X m5 11.57%）, although there was no statistical difference between them. It can be concluded that simulated applications of porcelain demonstrated the ability to protect zirconia from TMT after aging with no effect of a liner between different porcelain applications.The HF treatment also caused TMT.

Molecular dynamics simulation on thermodynamic properties of Pb-Ag alloys

Molecular dynamics simulation was used to simulate the thermodynamic properties of three binary alloys,Pb-Ag （1：1）,Pb-Ag （4：1）,and Pb-Ag （9：1）.The energy functions,such as excess free energy,cohesive energy,and formation energy,were calculated.The calculated values agree well with the experimental ones.The atomic interactions were analyzed in macroscopic and microcosmic views and both are consistent well.

Inverse Monte Carlo study on effective interaction potential of Ag-Rh alloy from pair correlation functions

This paper presents an inverse Monte Carlo method to reconstruct pair interaction potential from pair correlation function. This approach adopts an iterative algorithm on interaction potential to fit known pair correlation function by compelling deviations of canonical average to meet with Hamiltonian parameters on a basis of statistical mechanism. The effective interaction potential between particles in liquid Ag Rh alloys has been calculated with the inverse Monte Carlo method. It demonstrates an effective and simple way to obtain the effective potential of complex melt systems.

Effects of the sputtering power on the crystalline structure and optical properties of the silver oxide films deposited using direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering

This paper reports that a series of silver oxide （AgzO） films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 ℃ and an oxygen flux ratio of 15：18 by modifying the sputtering power （SP）. The AgxO films deposited apparently show a structural evolution from cubic biphased （AgO ＋ Ag20） to cubic single-phased （Ag20）, and to biphased （Ag20 ＋ AgO） structure. Notably, the cubic single-phased Ag20 fihn is deposited at the SP = 105 W and an AgO phase with （220） orientation discerned in the Ag^O films deposited using the SP 〉 105 W. The transmissivity and refiectivity of the AgxO films in transparent region decrease with the increase the SP, whereas the absorptivity inversely increases with the increase of the SP. These results may be due to the structural evolution and the increasing film thickness. A redshift of the films＇ absorption edges determined in terms of Tauc formula clearly occurs from 3.1 eV to 2.73 eV with the increase of the SP.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence Property of Ag(I)with N,N-dimethyl-4-(pyridine-4-yldiazenyl)aniline

A 2D plane coordination compound [Ag_2（Dpya）_2.（NO_3）_2]n was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR,elemental analysis and TG analysis.The red crystal was obtained via solvent diffusion method at room temperature and is slightly soluble in organic solvents.Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.It crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P1 with a = 10.7995（13）,b = 7.4748（8）,c = 18.364（2） A,β = 98.916（4）o,V = 1464.5（3） A^3,Z = 2,C_（26）H_（28）Ag_2N_（10）O_6,M_r = 792.32,Dc = 1.302 Mg/m^3,F（000） = 792,μ（Mo Ka） = 1.356 mm^-1,R = 0.0575 and w R = 0.0826.The compound [Ag_2（Dpya）_2.（NO_3）_2]_n is a two-dimensional structure and there are two kinds of coordination configurations about the Ag atoms in the compound.The Ag（1） center is tetrahedrally coordinated with two O atoms of NO_3^-and two N atoms from the ligand Dpya.Meanwhile,the Ag（2） is five-coordinated by five O atoms from three NO_3^-anions.The Ag centers（Ag（1） and Ag（2）） connect to themselves as well as with each other by the bridging NO_3^-anions.And the coordination compound shows photoluminescence with an emission peak at 530 nm（λex = 450 nm） as the ligand Dpya.

On the Vickers Microhardness and Wide-Angle X-Ray Line Width for Characterization of the Oxidative Stability of Poly(ethylene-co-propylene) Pipes

The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the ageing of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) fittings produced by several manufacturers. The fittings were aged for varying times as follows: 0, 2, 13, 23, 45, 106, 225 and 391 days at 100&deg;C. In a previous paper, the oxidation induction time (OItime) and oxidation induction temperature (OItemp) were evaluated with respect to every single step of the ageing process [1]. Here, the Vickers microhardness and wide-angle X-ray line width were used for characterization of the oxidative stability of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) pipes. Both the Vickers microhardness and wide-angle X-ray line width as evaluated from a certain reflex of the diffractogram generally increase with ageing for most samples. The higher microhardness is most likely related to higher fragility of the pipes. The increase of the X-ray line width with ageing indirectly proves that reducing the crystallite size as well as increase of the crystallite defectiveness take place.

Pearls of Wisdom: Israeli Elderly Reflect on Their Lives, and Make Suggestions for Future Generations

Reminiscing by older adults can facilitate beneficial outcomes through the preparation for the end of life,the cohesiveness of life narratives,and creation of life meanings.Given this,and the historical challenges of communication between generations,the objective of this study was two-fold:(1)to harness the beneficial role reminiscence can play in the mental health of older adults;(2)to facilitate generational learning by documenting and thematically analyzing the experiences and knowledge of older adults.We hypothesized that our interviews,which had the stated goal of helping younger people navigate life challenges,would not only act as catalyst for the participants to reminisce but also create a corpus of knowledge which could be later distilled into accessible“pearls of wisdom”.The interviews were conducted in Israel with 102 participants who were between 60 and 93 years of age with six questions constructed to promote further commentary.Through the interviews we were successful in producing a large representation of the older adults’experiences and what they believed would be beneficial for the younger generation.Due to the potential benefits for participants and larger communities we recommend this approach be adopted for future studies.

Further Study on a Virtual Age Repair Model

A new virtual age repair model with non-uniform aging speed is presented on the basis of Kijima classical virtual age repair models which can be viewed as of uniform aging nature.In this model are included three types,of perfect,of imperfect and of minimal,all having a non-uniform aging speed.Formulas of expected count of repair and length of working time of these three models are derived,and numerical examples are also given to illustrate and verify obtained theoretical indices.As an extended work,a sketchy model of maintenance time of the non-uniform aging virtual age repair model is discussed.Overall,the three models discussed in the paper,each with non-uniform aging speed,are expansions to existing virtual age repair models,relevant formulas given here are new results,and the systems introduced are without the lifetime distribution assumption,all of which may be expected to improve maintenance work.