Kostmann syndrome, or severe congenital neutropenia, is a rare condition in children marked by a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3. This congenital agranulocytosis, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is ofte...Kostmann syndrome, or severe congenital neutropenia, is a rare condition in children marked by a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3. This congenital agranulocytosis, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is often first identified by a neonatal infectious syndrome. The deficiency in neutrophils increases susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. Prior to the availability of hematopoietic growth factors, the disease was associated with significant morbidity and early mortality. We present the case of a 17-month-old boy who was admitted to the pediatric emergency department at Hassan II University Hospital in Fes with skin abscesses.展开更多
BACKGROUND Various types of drug-induced liver injury are induced by Polygonum multiflorum(PM);however,it rarely causes neutropenia.Herein,we report the case of a 65-year-old woman with concurrent severe hepatotoxicit...BACKGROUND Various types of drug-induced liver injury are induced by Polygonum multiflorum(PM);however,it rarely causes neutropenia.Herein,we report the case of a 65-year-old woman with concurrent severe hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis induced by PM.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman reported with severe hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis 17 d after ingestion of PM.The results of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method demonstrated a highly probable relationship between hepatotoxicity and PM,with a total score of 10.The Naranjo algorithm results indicated that agranulocytosis had a probable relationship with PM,with an overall score of 6.Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(for once),a steroid,compound glycyrrhizin,and polyene phosphatidylcholine therapy were initiated.After 15 d of treatment,there was a gradual improvement in liver biochemistry,leukocytes,and neutrophils levels.CONCLUSION Concurrent hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis are rare and critical adverse drug reactions of PM,which should be highly valued.展开更多
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV),a mosquito borne flavivirus,is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia,in terms of frequency and severity.JEV infection is thought to confer lifelong immunity.With t...BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV),a mosquito borne flavivirus,is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia,in terms of frequency and severity.JEV infection is thought to confer lifelong immunity.With the near eradication of poliomyelitis,JEV is now the continent’s leading cause of childhood viral neurologic infection and disability.The most common clinical manifestation of JEV infection is acute encephalitis,and currently there is no specific antiviral therapy.Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine(JE-VC)is an effective prevention measure,including JE-VC,Live(JE-MB),and Inactivated JE-VC.CASE SUMMARY A 9-mo-old girl received injection of Inactivated JE-VC(Vero cell)(Liaoning Chengda,batch number 201611B17)on August 31,2017.On that night,she developed a fever with the body temperature up to 38.5°C,for which Ibuprofen Suspension Drops 1.25 mL was given as antipyretic treatment.On September 1,the patient developed apocleisis,and her parents noticed herpes in her oral cavity.The patient was sent to our hospital on September 3.Physical examination led to a diagnosis of herpetic stomatitis,for which Stomatitis Spray 1 puff,tid,Kangfuxin Liquid 2 mL,tid,and vitamin B20.5 tablet,tid,were prescribed.Routine blood tests for low fever on September 6,2017 revealed an absolute neutrophil count(ANC)of 0.62×109/L,hemoglobin(Hb)of 109 g/L,and platelet count(PLT)of 308×10^(12)/L,and the tests were monitored regularly thereafter.The patient was followed until July 26,2020,when routine blood tests revealed ANC 1.72×109/L,Hb 138 g/L,and PLT 309×1012/L,indicating that the neutropenia count had normalized.CONCLUSION This report attempts to bring to clinical attention that Inactivated JE-VC(Vero cell)might cause prolonged granulocytopenia or even agranulocytosis.展开更多
Invasive fungal infections are a major challenging problem in the management of febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) or micafungin (MCFG) has been widely...Invasive fungal infections are a major challenging problem in the management of febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) or micafungin (MCFG) has been widely used as a first-line empirical antifungal therapy for suspected fungal infection in such patients. However, there are several issues in patients receiving these agents: drug related toxicities for L-AmB and breakthrough fungal infections for MCFG. In order to make the best use of these 2 agents, we conducted a prospective study of sequential therapy from MCFG to L-AmB, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of this strategy in FN patients with hematologic malignancies. A total of 18 patients were enrolled, and 11 patients who fulfilled the protocol defined criteria were evaluated. Underlying diseases consisted of acute leukemia (n = 9), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 1), and myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1). Treatment success was achieved in 8 patients (72.7%). Drug-related adverse events occurred in 8 patients (72.7%). All of those adverse events except one case were below grade 2. Three patients required discontinuation of L-AmB. Although our empirical antifungal sequential therapy seems to be encouraging for antibiotics-refractory FN in patients with hematologic malignancies, further investigation in large-scale studies is warranted.展开更多
目的:探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)联合左氧氟沙星或仅用G-CSF支持疗法在预防自体造血干细胞移植感染中的作用,分析移植患者住院时间、住院费用及移植后生存情况。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年7月于本院就诊的接受自体造...目的:探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)联合左氧氟沙星或仅用G-CSF支持疗法在预防自体造血干细胞移植感染中的作用,分析移植患者住院时间、住院费用及移植后生存情况。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年7月于本院就诊的接受自体造血干细胞移植的恶性血液病患者,观察自体造血干细胞移植期间左氧氟沙星+G-CSF预防感染组和G-CSF支持组中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热、细菌感染发生率及静脉抗菌药物使用情况,并比较两组住院时间、住院期间总费用及移植90天后存活情况。结果:102例患者纳入研究,其中多发性骨髓瘤54例,急性白血病36例,淋巴瘤7例,骨髓增生异常综合征3例,轻链型淀粉样变性1例,POEMS综合征1例。47例接受G-CSF+左氧氟沙星预防感染,55例接受G-CSF支持治疗。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组中40例(85.11%)发生中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热,13例(27.66%)明确为细菌感染。G-CSF组中44例(80.00%)发生中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热,16例(29.09%)细菌感染。两组中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热和细菌感染发生率均无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.46,P=0.50;χ^(2)=0.03,P=0.87)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组静脉抗菌药物使用率为85.11%(40/47),与G-CSF组的85.45%(47/55)比较无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.04,P=0.84)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组与G-CSF组左氧氟沙星耐药菌的检出率分别为8.57%(3/35)和21.43%(6/28),无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.65,P>0.05)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF与G-CSF组患者住院中位时间为25 d vs 22 d,住院中位费用为78216.24元vs 80724.38元,差异均无统计学意义(t=3.00,P=0.09;t=0.94,P=0.09)。移植后90天内,左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组有2例(4.26%)死亡,G-CSF组有1例(1.82%)死亡,两组比较无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.53,P=0.47)。结论:较G-CSF支持相比,患者在自体造血干细胞移植期间应用G-CSF+左氧氟沙星预防感染无明显获益。展开更多
文摘Kostmann syndrome, or severe congenital neutropenia, is a rare condition in children marked by a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3. This congenital agranulocytosis, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is often first identified by a neonatal infectious syndrome. The deficiency in neutrophils increases susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. Prior to the availability of hematopoietic growth factors, the disease was associated with significant morbidity and early mortality. We present the case of a 17-month-old boy who was admitted to the pediatric emergency department at Hassan II University Hospital in Fes with skin abscesses.
基金Supported by Applied Basic Research Project of Changzhou,No.CJ20190080。
文摘BACKGROUND Various types of drug-induced liver injury are induced by Polygonum multiflorum(PM);however,it rarely causes neutropenia.Herein,we report the case of a 65-year-old woman with concurrent severe hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis induced by PM.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman reported with severe hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis 17 d after ingestion of PM.The results of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method demonstrated a highly probable relationship between hepatotoxicity and PM,with a total score of 10.The Naranjo algorithm results indicated that agranulocytosis had a probable relationship with PM,with an overall score of 6.Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(for once),a steroid,compound glycyrrhizin,and polyene phosphatidylcholine therapy were initiated.After 15 d of treatment,there was a gradual improvement in liver biochemistry,leukocytes,and neutrophils levels.CONCLUSION Concurrent hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis are rare and critical adverse drug reactions of PM,which should be highly valued.
文摘BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV),a mosquito borne flavivirus,is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia,in terms of frequency and severity.JEV infection is thought to confer lifelong immunity.With the near eradication of poliomyelitis,JEV is now the continent’s leading cause of childhood viral neurologic infection and disability.The most common clinical manifestation of JEV infection is acute encephalitis,and currently there is no specific antiviral therapy.Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine(JE-VC)is an effective prevention measure,including JE-VC,Live(JE-MB),and Inactivated JE-VC.CASE SUMMARY A 9-mo-old girl received injection of Inactivated JE-VC(Vero cell)(Liaoning Chengda,batch number 201611B17)on August 31,2017.On that night,she developed a fever with the body temperature up to 38.5°C,for which Ibuprofen Suspension Drops 1.25 mL was given as antipyretic treatment.On September 1,the patient developed apocleisis,and her parents noticed herpes in her oral cavity.The patient was sent to our hospital on September 3.Physical examination led to a diagnosis of herpetic stomatitis,for which Stomatitis Spray 1 puff,tid,Kangfuxin Liquid 2 mL,tid,and vitamin B20.5 tablet,tid,were prescribed.Routine blood tests for low fever on September 6,2017 revealed an absolute neutrophil count(ANC)of 0.62×109/L,hemoglobin(Hb)of 109 g/L,and platelet count(PLT)of 308×10^(12)/L,and the tests were monitored regularly thereafter.The patient was followed until July 26,2020,when routine blood tests revealed ANC 1.72×109/L,Hb 138 g/L,and PLT 309×1012/L,indicating that the neutropenia count had normalized.CONCLUSION This report attempts to bring to clinical attention that Inactivated JE-VC(Vero cell)might cause prolonged granulocytopenia or even agranulocytosis.
文摘Invasive fungal infections are a major challenging problem in the management of febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) or micafungin (MCFG) has been widely used as a first-line empirical antifungal therapy for suspected fungal infection in such patients. However, there are several issues in patients receiving these agents: drug related toxicities for L-AmB and breakthrough fungal infections for MCFG. In order to make the best use of these 2 agents, we conducted a prospective study of sequential therapy from MCFG to L-AmB, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of this strategy in FN patients with hematologic malignancies. A total of 18 patients were enrolled, and 11 patients who fulfilled the protocol defined criteria were evaluated. Underlying diseases consisted of acute leukemia (n = 9), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 1), and myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1). Treatment success was achieved in 8 patients (72.7%). Drug-related adverse events occurred in 8 patients (72.7%). All of those adverse events except one case were below grade 2. Three patients required discontinuation of L-AmB. Although our empirical antifungal sequential therapy seems to be encouraging for antibiotics-refractory FN in patients with hematologic malignancies, further investigation in large-scale studies is warranted.
文摘目的:探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)联合左氧氟沙星或仅用G-CSF支持疗法在预防自体造血干细胞移植感染中的作用,分析移植患者住院时间、住院费用及移植后生存情况。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年7月于本院就诊的接受自体造血干细胞移植的恶性血液病患者,观察自体造血干细胞移植期间左氧氟沙星+G-CSF预防感染组和G-CSF支持组中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热、细菌感染发生率及静脉抗菌药物使用情况,并比较两组住院时间、住院期间总费用及移植90天后存活情况。结果:102例患者纳入研究,其中多发性骨髓瘤54例,急性白血病36例,淋巴瘤7例,骨髓增生异常综合征3例,轻链型淀粉样变性1例,POEMS综合征1例。47例接受G-CSF+左氧氟沙星预防感染,55例接受G-CSF支持治疗。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组中40例(85.11%)发生中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热,13例(27.66%)明确为细菌感染。G-CSF组中44例(80.00%)发生中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热,16例(29.09%)细菌感染。两组中性粒细胞缺乏伴发热和细菌感染发生率均无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.46,P=0.50;χ^(2)=0.03,P=0.87)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组静脉抗菌药物使用率为85.11%(40/47),与G-CSF组的85.45%(47/55)比较无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.04,P=0.84)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组与G-CSF组左氧氟沙星耐药菌的检出率分别为8.57%(3/35)和21.43%(6/28),无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.65,P>0.05)。左氧氟沙星+G-CSF与G-CSF组患者住院中位时间为25 d vs 22 d,住院中位费用为78216.24元vs 80724.38元,差异均无统计学意义(t=3.00,P=0.09;t=0.94,P=0.09)。移植后90天内,左氧氟沙星+G-CSF组有2例(4.26%)死亡,G-CSF组有1例(1.82%)死亡,两组比较无统计学差异(χ^(2)=0.53,P=0.47)。结论:较G-CSF支持相比,患者在自体造血干细胞移植期间应用G-CSF+左氧氟沙星预防感染无明显获益。
文摘目的:探讨降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)和可溶性白细胞分化抗原14亚型(soluble cell differentiation antigen 14,sCD14,又称presepsin,PSPN)对急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)化疗期间发热性中性粒细胞减少症(febrile neutropenia,FN)患者细菌感染的鉴别价值。方法:纳入2018年07月至2022年02月期间在我院接受化疗且出现FN的121例AML患者,分为非细菌感染组化疗期间发生FN且发热原因不明(细菌培养阴性,无临床迹象表明存在感染)与细菌感染组菌血症(血培养阳性)和局部感染(血培养阴性,细菌培养提示局部感染)。通过酶联免疫吸附试验试剂盒检测FN发病第1至3天血浆PCT和PSPN水平。结果:与非细菌感染组相比,细菌感染组患者FN发病第1至3天的PCT和PSPN水平明显更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第1、2、3天的PCT水平鉴别FN细菌感染的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.882、0.737、0.715,而PSPN诊断AUC分别为0.799、0.729、0.703。此外,PCT和PSPN联用可进一步提高对FN细菌感染诊断的AUC值(0.892、0.808、0.763)。发病第1天PCT≥2.02 ng/mL或者PSPN≥2.40μg/L,FN细菌感染风险显著增加(P<0.05);校正混杂因素后,当PSPN≥2.91μg/L时,AML患者FN细菌感染风险增加2.177~2.624倍(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示PCT与细菌性脓毒症患者序贯器官功能衰竭评分(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)呈正相关(P<0.001),PSPN值与SOFA评分无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:PCT较PSPN在区分FN细菌感染性病因和非感染病因方面准确性更高,其浓度与细菌性脓毒症的严重程度有关;二者联用能进一步提高PCT对FN细菌感染的诊断效能。
