Ecological animal husbandry is an animal husbandry industry system integrating ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit. Breeding cycle is one of the main patterns of ecological animal husbandry develop...Ecological animal husbandry is an animal husbandry industry system integrating ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit. Breeding cycle is one of the main patterns of ecological animal husbandry development, but breeding cycle does not form a relatively closed cycle of endogenous resources. In recent years, forage value and ecological value of mulberry have made some progresses in different research areas and angles, but the thought and practice of both forage and ecological value of mulberry has not been systematically interpreted and researched. Based on the short board of animal husbandry development and the advan- tage of mulberry, animal husbandry and mulberry were complemented and fused, and relatively closed planting and raising ecological recycling pattern with mulberry as the axis was raised. Phased scientific research and production test data were obtained, and the problems and development suggestions were put forward in the following aspects ： selection of mulberry varieties with both forage and ecological value, cost control of mulberry with both forage and ecological value, quality and safety control system of forage mulberry, orientation of feeding value of forage mulberry.展开更多
The succession and enhancement mechanism of the ecosystem productivity with the characteristics ot de-tarmlng in me ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in North China was discussed in order to provide an ...The succession and enhancement mechanism of the ecosystem productivity with the characteristics ot de-tarmlng in me ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in North China was discussed in order to provide an ideaology or a technical basis for maintaining the impetus of ecological restoration and economic development in this region. A case study was applied in combination with the theoretical analysis. The results indicated that the biomass productivity of the de-farming subsystem decreased by 38.4-72.3% compared with that of farming subsystem in the ecosystem. The main function of de-farming subsystem was focused on ecological productivity, it caused the ideal beneficial recycling ‘defarming → planting grass → raising animals → earn money＇ difficult to be realized. With the differentiation of de-farming subsystem, the natural and social resources input to the farming subsystem were accumulated. This laid a basis for the new attributes of economic productivity to be upgraded. The case study indicated that the economic productivity of the ecosystem was increased by 8.85-13.35 times due to re-coupling between the de-farming subsystem and the farming subsystem as well as coupling between microhabitat differentiation and crop production in the subsystems, where the microhabitat differentiation could enrich water and fertilizer in the same field. It was concluded that the important mechanisms to enhance the system productivity in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry of North China included structure rebuilding and opening of the de-farming ecosystem and taking the advantage of complementary cooperative production among different regions under the market economy and rebuilding an open agro-pasture production structure,展开更多
An analysis of the impact of simulation modelling in three diverse crop-livestock improvement projects in Agricultural Research for Development（AR4D） reveals benefits across a range of aspects including identificati...An analysis of the impact of simulation modelling in three diverse crop-livestock improvement projects in Agricultural Research for Development（AR4D） reveals benefits across a range of aspects including identification of objectives, design and implementation of experimental programs, effectiveness of participatory research with smallholder farmers, implementation of system change and scaling-out of results.In planning change, farmers must consider complex interactions within both biophysical and socioeconomic aspects of their crop and animal production activities.For this, whole-farm models that include household models of food, workload and financial requirements have the most utility and impact.The analysis also proposes improvements in design and implementation of AR4 D projects to improve the utility of simulation modelling for securing positive agronomic and livestock outcomes and lasting legacies.展开更多
从种植业和畜牧业两方面入手,采用排放因子法对甘肃省2000-2020年农业碳排放进行了估算,分析了其时空变化特征,基于STIRPAT(Stochastic impacts by regression on PAT)模型探析了甘肃省农业碳排放的影响因素,并提出了相应对策。结果表明...从种植业和畜牧业两方面入手,采用排放因子法对甘肃省2000-2020年农业碳排放进行了估算,分析了其时空变化特征,基于STIRPAT(Stochastic impacts by regression on PAT)模型探析了甘肃省农业碳排放的影响因素,并提出了相应对策。结果表明:(1)甘肃省2000-2020年CO_(2)-e排放量呈“升高-降低-升高”的趋势,2015年达到峰值,估算为2320.41×10^(4) t;从2018年开始又逐年增加,直至2020年增至2290.69×104 t。(2)甘肃省农业CO_(2)-e排放结构中,种植业占35%,畜牧业占65%。主要碳排放源中,畜禽胃肠道发酵对农业碳排放总量的贡献最大,其次是化肥和畜禽粪便管理。主要畜禽中,肉牛养殖对碳排放的贡献最大,其次是绵羊、山羊、奶牛和猪,家禽养殖的贡献最小。(3)农村人口、农村居民人均GDP、农村居民人均可支配收入、农业机械总动力、农业增加值占全省生产总值比重、农村住户固定资产投资额、农业科技成果应用数量、农业科技投入是影响甘肃省农业碳排放的主要因素,影响力指数分别为-0.017、0.026、0.020、0.038、-0.025、0.031、-0.017、0.016。为有效控制农业碳排放,建议在5个方面采取相应策略:努力提高种植业资源利用效率和土壤碳汇能力;强化畜牧业源头减量、过程控制和末端处理;努力降低农业机械对石油的依赖;有效推动农村清洁能源利用;加大农业低碳技术的研发与应用。展开更多
基金Supported by Agricultural Finance Project of Chongqing Agriculture Committee(15403)
文摘Ecological animal husbandry is an animal husbandry industry system integrating ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit. Breeding cycle is one of the main patterns of ecological animal husbandry development, but breeding cycle does not form a relatively closed cycle of endogenous resources. In recent years, forage value and ecological value of mulberry have made some progresses in different research areas and angles, but the thought and practice of both forage and ecological value of mulberry has not been systematically interpreted and researched. Based on the short board of animal husbandry development and the advan- tage of mulberry, animal husbandry and mulberry were complemented and fused, and relatively closed planting and raising ecological recycling pattern with mulberry as the axis was raised. Phased scientific research and production test data were obtained, and the problems and development suggestions were put forward in the following aspects ： selection of mulberry varieties with both forage and ecological value, cost control of mulberry with both forage and ecological value, quality and safety control system of forage mulberry, orientation of feeding value of forage mulberry.
文摘The succession and enhancement mechanism of the ecosystem productivity with the characteristics ot de-tarmlng in me ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in North China was discussed in order to provide an ideaology or a technical basis for maintaining the impetus of ecological restoration and economic development in this region. A case study was applied in combination with the theoretical analysis. The results indicated that the biomass productivity of the de-farming subsystem decreased by 38.4-72.3% compared with that of farming subsystem in the ecosystem. The main function of de-farming subsystem was focused on ecological productivity, it caused the ideal beneficial recycling ‘defarming → planting grass → raising animals → earn money＇ difficult to be realized. With the differentiation of de-farming subsystem, the natural and social resources input to the farming subsystem were accumulated. This laid a basis for the new attributes of economic productivity to be upgraded. The case study indicated that the economic productivity of the ecosystem was increased by 8.85-13.35 times due to re-coupling between the de-farming subsystem and the farming subsystem as well as coupling between microhabitat differentiation and crop production in the subsystems, where the microhabitat differentiation could enrich water and fertilizer in the same field. It was concluded that the important mechanisms to enhance the system productivity in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry of North China included structure rebuilding and opening of the de-farming ecosystem and taking the advantage of complementary cooperative production among different regions under the market economy and rebuilding an open agro-pasture production structure,
基金the various projects and others who participated in the review and to ACIAR and CSIRO for logistical and financial supportPC was a research manager for these projects in CSIRO
文摘An analysis of the impact of simulation modelling in three diverse crop-livestock improvement projects in Agricultural Research for Development（AR4D） reveals benefits across a range of aspects including identification of objectives, design and implementation of experimental programs, effectiveness of participatory research with smallholder farmers, implementation of system change and scaling-out of results.In planning change, farmers must consider complex interactions within both biophysical and socioeconomic aspects of their crop and animal production activities.For this, whole-farm models that include household models of food, workload and financial requirements have the most utility and impact.The analysis also proposes improvements in design and implementation of AR4 D projects to improve the utility of simulation modelling for securing positive agronomic and livestock outcomes and lasting legacies.
文摘从种植业和畜牧业两方面入手,采用排放因子法对甘肃省2000-2020年农业碳排放进行了估算,分析了其时空变化特征,基于STIRPAT(Stochastic impacts by regression on PAT)模型探析了甘肃省农业碳排放的影响因素,并提出了相应对策。结果表明:(1)甘肃省2000-2020年CO_(2)-e排放量呈“升高-降低-升高”的趋势,2015年达到峰值,估算为2320.41×10^(4) t;从2018年开始又逐年增加,直至2020年增至2290.69×104 t。(2)甘肃省农业CO_(2)-e排放结构中,种植业占35%,畜牧业占65%。主要碳排放源中,畜禽胃肠道发酵对农业碳排放总量的贡献最大,其次是化肥和畜禽粪便管理。主要畜禽中,肉牛养殖对碳排放的贡献最大,其次是绵羊、山羊、奶牛和猪,家禽养殖的贡献最小。(3)农村人口、农村居民人均GDP、农村居民人均可支配收入、农业机械总动力、农业增加值占全省生产总值比重、农村住户固定资产投资额、农业科技成果应用数量、农业科技投入是影响甘肃省农业碳排放的主要因素,影响力指数分别为-0.017、0.026、0.020、0.038、-0.025、0.031、-0.017、0.016。为有效控制农业碳排放,建议在5个方面采取相应策略:努力提高种植业资源利用效率和土壤碳汇能力;强化畜牧业源头减量、过程控制和末端处理;努力降低农业机械对石油的依赖;有效推动农村清洁能源利用;加大农业低碳技术的研发与应用。
