Development and Validation of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices of Industrial Processing Varieties: Asterix and Courage in Bangladesh

An experiment was meticulously conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh, during the 2011-2012 potato growing season to develop integrated crop management practices for the potato seed production of industrial processing varieties Asterix and Courage. Significantly, higher growth and yield parameters were found in the BADC-recommended practice. Later, another experiment was conducted to validate the BADC practice during the 2013-2014 potato growing season in two locations in Bangladesh. Results showed that the production of tuber per hill, tuber weight per hill as well as gross tuber yield per plot, higher proportion of storable seed tubers, and more quality seed potatoes (A-grade and B-grade) seed tubers were found significantly higher in the “BADC developed practice” compared to other treatments. Viral diseases (PLRV and PVY) prevalence was lower in “BADC developed practice”. Moreover, “BADC developed practice” contributed more economic yield by minimizing input cost compared to “Munshiganj advanced farmers’ practice”. Therefore, the “BADC developed practice” was found “superior” regarding yield, quality, and profitability in seed potato production of industrial varieties—Asterix and Courage in Bangladesh.

Effective technology for processing industrial volatile organic compounds by the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch

In this study,we investigated the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)by the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch(AMPT).To study the treatment efficiency of AMPT,we used the toluene and water-based varnish to simulate VOCs,respectively.By measuring the compounds and contents of the mixture gas before/after the microwave plasma process,we have calculated the treatment efficiency of AMPT.The experimental results show that the treatment efficiency of AMPT for toluene with a concentration of 17.32×10^(4) ppm is up to 60 g/kWh with the removal rate of 86%.For the volatile compounds of water-based varnish,the removal efficiency is up to 97.99%.We have demonstrated the higher potential for VOCs removal of the AMPT process.

Intelligent Manufacturing for the Process Industry Driven by Industrial Artificial Intelligence

Based on the analysis of the characteristics and operation status of the process industry,as well as the development of the global intelligent manufacturing industry,a new mode of intelligent manufacturing for the process industry,namely,deep integration of industrial artificial intelligence and the Industrial Internet with the process industry,is proposed.This paper analyzes the development status of the existing three-tier structure of the process industry,which consists of the enterprise resource planning,the manufacturing execution system,and the process control system,and examines the decision-making,control,and operation management adopted by process enterprises.Based on this analysis,it then describes the meaning of an intelligent manufacturing framework and presents a vision of an intelligent optimal decision-making system based on human–machine cooperation and an intelligent autonomous control system.Finally,this paper analyzes the scientific challenges and key technologies that are crucial for the successful deployment of intelligent manufacturing in the process industry.

Industrial Recycling Process of Batteries for EVs

The growing number of decarbonization standards in the transportation sector has resulted in an increase in demand for electric cars.Renewable energy sources have the ability to bring the fossil fuel age to an end.Electrochemical storage devices,particularly lithium-ion batteries,are critical for this transition’s success.This is owing to a combination of favorable characteristics such as high energy density and minimal self-discharge.Given the environmental degradation caused by hazardous wastes and the scarcity of some resources,recycling used lithium-ion batteries has significant economic and practical importance.Many efforts have been undertaken in recent years to recover cathode materials(such as high-value metals like cobalt,nickel,and lithium).Regrettably,the regeneration of lower-value-added anode materials(mostly graphite)has received little attention.However,given the widespread use of carbon-based materials and the higher concentration of lithium in the anode than in the environment,anode recycling has gotten a lot of attention.As a result,this article provides the most recent research progress in the recovery of graphite anode materials from spent lithium ion batteries,analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of various recovery routes such as direct physical recovery,heat treatment recovery,hydrometallurgy recovery,heat treatment-hydrometallurgy recovery,extraction,and electrochemical methods from the perspectives of energy,environment,and economy;additionally,the reuse of recycled anode mats is discussed.Finally,the problems and future possibilities of anode recycling are discussed.To enable the green recycling of wasted lithium ion batteries,a low energy-consuming and ecologically friendly solution should be investigated.

Applications of Microfluidization and High Pressure Processing in Food Industry and the Effect of Them on Food Products

With the development of technology, several new processing techniques are being introduced for the food industry. By applying those novel techniques to food systems, it has been found that the structural and functional properties of food could be altered. Microfluidization which is also known as high pressure homogenization is one of the novel technologies that could be applied in food industry to obtain many beneficial outcomes. High pressure processing is another novel technique that is mainly playing the microbicidal effect. This work is concerned on the possibility of using microfluidization and high pressure processing in food industry based on the experimental findings. These techniques could be used as useful tools in the field of food science and technology.

Needs and Challenges of Nigeria Petroleum Industry in Assessing Process Safety Cumulative Risk

A cross-sectional exploratory assessment of the needs and challenges of petroleum industry in Nigeria, in assessing process safety cumulative risk for major accidents prevention was investigated. A purposive cum random sampling technique was used in this study, among selected petroleum companies operating in Nigeria. Survey questionnaires were received from 216 participants made up of asset integrity engineers/operators, process safety experts, production safety professionals in the petroleum industry in Nigeria. Data analyses were carried out to cover descriptive and inferential statistics. Overall, the study recognized that assessing process safety cumulative risk is not a simple process due largely to the changing nature of safety critical barriers degradation data. The study result showed four main challenges faced by petroleum industries in Nigeria, in assessing process safety cumulative risk: 1) the study showed that 94% of the respondents agreed that there is limited accessibility to safety critical barriers degradation data (little automation). Also 2) 94% of the respondents accounted for poor knowledge of process safety cumulative risk is and agreed it to be of low rating. The result further showed that 3) 90% of the respondents demonstrated that there are no guidance and procedures in assessing process safety cumulative risk and finally 4) 92% of the respondents reported that there is no real-time risk visualization model/ tool. Addressing these issues and challenges by the petroleum industries in the study area, will lead to successful assessment of process safety cumulative risk, thereby reducing the risk of major accidents.

The Rice Processing Industry in Nepal: Constraints and Opportunities

A rice mill survey covering diverse rice processing companies in terms of their milling output, type of technology and year of establishment was conducted to understand the current situation of the rice milling industry and to identify enablers and barriers to its growth in Nepal. Coarse rice varieties dominate Nepal’s rice processing industry, with a 42% share by total weight, followed by medium rice (34%) and fine varieties (less than 7%). Polished white rice (Arwa) was the dominant rice type in Nepal in the survey, followed by parboiled and steamed rice. The price and profit margins increased from coarse to fine rice varieties and from Arwa to parboiled and steamed rice. The cost of milling also followed a similar trend. The rice milling industry in Nepal largely influences the adoption or non-adoption of any specific type of rice variety by dictating specific brands in the market and this has important implications for rice research and development. The rice processing industry of Nepal was unable to compete with the Indian rice milling industry because of: 1) low profit margins due to the high cost of rice production and procurement, 2) a lack of economies of scale, 3) a lack of milling technologies for long and extra-long and steamed rice in the country and a lack of investment to modernize rice milling technology, and 4) unavailability of paddy throughout the year locally. Millers were willing to upgrade their rice milling technology to include high throughput parboiling, steamed rice as well as long and extra-long grain rice. This will be a strategic decision in counteracting the ever-increasing rice imports in Nepal. We believe that the findings of the study will be vital for formulating an appropriate rice research, development and rice processing strategy for Nepal to achieve food and nutritional security and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Detection of Oscillations in Process Control Loops From Visual Image Space Using Deep Convolutional Networks

Oscillation detection has been a hot research topic in industries due to the high incidence of oscillation loops and their negative impact on plant profitability.Although numerous automatic detection techniques have been proposed,most of them can only address part of the practical difficulties.An oscillation is heuristically defined as a visually apparent periodic variation.However,manual visual inspection is labor-intensive and prone to missed detection.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs),inspired by animal visual systems,have been raised with powerful feature extraction capabilities.In this work,an exploration of the typical CNN models for visual oscillation detection is performed.Specifically,we tested MobileNet-V1,ShuffleNet-V2,Efficient Net-B0,and GhostNet models,and found that such a visual framework is well-suited for oscillation detection.The feasibility and validity of this framework are verified utilizing extensive numerical and industrial cases.Compared with state-of-theart oscillation detectors,the suggested framework is more straightforward and more robust to noise and mean-nonstationarity.In addition,this framework generalizes well and is capable of handling features that are not present in the training data,such as multiple oscillations and outliers.

How can technology and efficiency alleviate the dilemma of economic growth and carbon emissions in China's industrial economy? A metafrontier decoupling decomposition analysis

This paper attempts to explore the decoupling relationship and its drivers between industrial economic increase and energy-related CO_(2) emissions(ICE). Firstly, the decoupling relationship was evaluated by Tapio index. Then, based on the DEA meta-frontier theory framework which taking into account the regional and industrial heterogeneity and index decomposition method, the driving factors of decoupling process were explored mainly from the view of technology and efficiency. The results show that during2000-2019, weak decoupling was the primary state. Investment scale expansion was the largest reason hindering decoupling process of industrial increase from ICE. Both energy saving and production technology achieved significant progress, which facilitated the decoupling process. Simultaneously, the energy technology gap and production technology gap among regions have been narrowed, and played a role in promoting decoupling process. On the contrary, both scale economy efficiency and pure technical efficiency have inhibiting effects on decoupling process. The former indicates that the scale economy of China's industry was not conducive to improve energy efficiency and production efficiency, while the latter indicates that resource misallocation problem may exist in both energy market and product market.

Advances of embedded resistive random access memory in industrial manufacturing and its potential applications

Embedded memory,which heavily relies on the manufacturing process,has been widely adopted in various industrial applications.As the field of embedded memory continues to evolve,innovative strategies are emerging to enhance performance.Among them,resistive random access memory(RRAM)has gained significant attention due to its numerousadvantages over traditional memory devices,including high speed(<1 ns),high density(4 F^(2)·n^(-1)),high scalability(~nm),and low power consumption(~pJ).This review focuses on the recent progress of embedded RRAM in industrial manufacturing and its potentialapplications.It provides a brief introduction to the concepts and advantages of RRAM,discusses the key factors that impact its industrial manufacturing,and presents the commercial progress driven by cutting-edge nanotechnology,which has been pursued by manysemiconductor giants.Additionally,it highlights the adoption of embedded RRAM in emerging applications within the realm of the Internet of Things and future intelligent computing,with a particular emphasis on its role in neuromorphic computing.Finally,the review discusses thecurrent challenges and provides insights into the prospects of embedded RRAM in the era of big data and artificial intelligence.

Age-Driven Joint Sampling and Non-Slot Based Scheduling for Industrial Internet of Things

Effective control of time-sensitive industrial applications depends on the real-time transmission of data from underlying sensors.Quantifying the data freshness through age of information(AoI),in this paper,we jointly design sampling and non-slot based scheduling policies to minimize the maximum time-average age of information(MAoI)among sensors with the constraints of average energy cost and finite queue stability.To overcome the intractability involving high couplings of such a complex stochastic process,we first focus on the single-sensor time-average AoI optimization problem and convert the constrained Markov decision process(CMDP)into an unconstrained Markov decision process(MDP)by the Lagrangian method.With the infinite-time average energy and AoI expression expended as the Bellman equation,the singlesensor time-average AoI optimization problem can be approached through the steady-state distribution probability.Further,we propose a low-complexity sub-optimal sampling and semi-distributed scheduling scheme for the multi-sensor scenario.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces the MAoI significantly while achieving a balance between the sampling rate and service rate for multiple sensors.

Operational Performance Evaluation of Corn Processing Industry Technological Innovation Alliance Based on Survey Data in Heilongjiang Province

This paper selected the corn processing industry technology innovation alliance in Heilongjiang Province as the research object, evaluated the operational performance of the alliance by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods. AHP empirical results showed that the satisfaction of information communication and the satisfaction of the management process were the weakest. And the order from high to low on the level of indicators of the impact for the alliance was the result of alliance operations and the process of alliance operations, the behavioral attitude of alliance members. Besides, the results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that the operational performance of the corn processing industry technology innovation alliance in Heilongjiang Province was in the general level.

Competitiveness Analysis of Processing Industry Cluster of Livestock Products in Inner Mongolia Based on "Diamond Model"

Using Michael Porter's "diamond model", based on regional development characteristics, we conduct analysis of the competitiveness of processing industry cluster of livestock products in Inner Mongolia from six aspects (the factor conditions, demand conditions, corporate strategy, structure and competition, related and supporting industries, government and opportunities). And we put forward the following rational recommendations for improving the competitiveness of processing industry cluster of livestock products in Inner Mongolia: (i) The government should increase capital input, focus on supporting processing industry of livestock products, and give play to the guidance and aggregation effect of financial funds; (ii) In terms of enterprises, it is necessary to vigorously develop leading enterprises, to give full play to the cluster effect of the leading enterprises.

Development Situation and Strategy Analysis of Waxy Corn Processing Industry in Chongqing Municipality

With the development of society and economy and increasing awareness of people's diet and health care,the demand for waxy corn and its processed products has been rising. At present,the planting of waxy corn in Chongqing is taking shape,but the waxy corn processing is still in the initial stage with smaller enterprise scale and fewer processing product variety. Based on the analysis of the development advantages and disadvantages of waxy corn processing industry in Chongqing,this paper brings forward the development ideas and strategies of Chongqing waxy corn processing industry from three aspects of production,processing and policy.

Factor and Cluster Analysis on the Competitiveness of Agri-food Processing Industry in China

This paper establishes 13 evaluation indicators for the competitiveness of agri-food processing industry,uses factor analysis to evaluate the competitiveness of agri-food processing industry in 31 provinces(cities,autonomous regions)of China,and does cluster analysis to divide these regions into several categories according to the difference in competitiveness,in order to understand the level of competitiveness of agri-food processing industry in China.

From the Current Industrial Stage to the Industry 4.0： Transformation Processes and Case Analysis of the FESTO Company

Despite of the acceleration of investments and the expansion of countries towards the Industry 4.0, companies have difficulties in planning the transition processes and implementation of the scenarios of Industry 4.0. To benefit from the Industry Approach 4.0, it is necessary to take technological and organizational transition processes into account, since the phenomenon involves interoperability between humans; between humans and machines; and between machines and production. This paper proposes to examine the transformation processes of the current industrial model to the Industry 4.0 model of FESTO AG, in addition to the framework proposition for the analysis of transformation processes for Industry 4.0. Through the face-to-face interviews and the institutional materials of FESTO, it was observed that the company inserted in its strategy of products and innovation the concept of Industry 4.0. To do so, FESTO planned and built a new production plant based on connectivity, sustainability, and collaborative environment, especially between man and machine. To support this orientation, FESTO has strengthened its technological base, culture, training of its productive, commercial, and management teams.

Investigation of Heavy Metals and Radionuclide’s Impact on Environment Due to The Waste Products of Different Iron Processing Industries in Chittagong, Bangladesh

The waste products, such as induction furnace slag, ladle furnace slag, air pollution control dust, and ramming mass collected from major iron processing industries in Chittagong, Bangladesh were analyzed for heavy metals and naturally radioactive elements. The concentrations of heavy metals Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn were obtained from atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) analysis with flame atomizer and the radioactivities due to 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector of well shielded gamma-ray counting system. From the mean specific activities of the above three natural radionuclides in the investigated samples, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and the external hazard index (Hex) were calculated. The study showed the prospect of contamination of environmental materials (viz., soil, water, air, plant) due to many of these investigated elements by using the collected waste products in landfill. The chemical process of ion exchange indicates that the elevated heavy metals in soil can play a role to increase the natural radioactivity of the soil. The obtained Raeq as well as Hex indicated the insignificant radiation hazard due to the activities of primordial radionuclides found in the investigated samples.

Analysis on Development Characteristics of Agricultural Product Processing Industry under the New Normal

From the beginning of the 21^(st)century to 2013,the economic income of main business of agricultural products processing enterprises in China had maintained above double digits for a long time.The current traditional high-speed growth will be transformed to high-quality,mediumhigh-speed development,and the development trend is in line with economic laws and macro situation characteristics.With the acceleration of spa-tial distribution and cluster development of agricultural processing industry,the late-mover advantages in the central and western regions of China are gradually emerging.With the support of Internet+and e-commerce online shopping platforms,the integrative development with related industries has been deepened.Led by the new concept of green development,the demand of processing industry of green,healthy,specific functional food(such as diabetes,hypertension and other specific groups)is booming.In the aspect of development strategy,it is appropriate to build multivariate information service platform,improve the technical cooperation platform,and provide software and hardware facilities for further development of agricultural product processing industry.Combined with local economic development advantages,resource advantages and industrial advantages and other factors,the way of differentiation,regionalization and characterization should be taken according to local conditions and following the law,so as to energize the rural revitalization.

Industrial High Pressure Processing of Foods： Review of Evolution and Emerging Trends

High Pressure Processing （HPP）, in the range of 200 MPa to 600 MPa/29,000 psi to 87,000 psi, is the most advanced emerging non-thermal processing technology for food. The constant improvements of high pressure equipment concerning productivity and production costs have facilitated the increase of industrial uses of the technology. This paper reviews some of these advances in high pressure food processing including development of new functional beverages the new value proposals being offered by copackers substitution of traditional thermal techniques for novel product manufacturing and refrigerated services suppliers. Substitution of thermal treatments for meat processing and tenderisation of low value meat cuts.

Study on Innovation System and Innovation Strategy of Chinese Agricultural Product Processing Industry

The agricultural product processing industry is the inevitable choice for the agriculture to realize the industrialization, integration and modernization. Although the agricultural product processing industry has become the bright point in Chinese economy development, the whole development level falls behind the developed countries. The thesis brings up that the inherent reasons that Chinese agricultural product processing industry falls behind is that Chinese agricultural product processing industry has not an integrated industrial innovation system and has not a proper innovation strategy. So this thesis deeply discusses how to construct innovation system of Chinese agricultural product processing industry and puts forward the innovation strategy in order to improve the technology innovation capability and the development level.