Fly ash （FA） and ground granulated blast-furnace slag （GGBFS） were added to improve the performances of regenerated binding materials （RBM） which refer to dehydrated phases with rebinding ability of waste harden...Fly ash （FA） and ground granulated blast-furnace slag （GGBFS） were added to improve the performances of regenerated binding materials （RBM） which refer to dehydrated phases with rebinding ability of waste hardened cement paste. Flowability tests, compressive strength tests, SEM, TG-DSC, and non-evaporable water content tests were employed to study the performances of the combined binding materials and the interactions between RBM, FA, and GGBFS. Results show that adding FA or GGBFS can improve the workability of RBM paste, and GGBFS has positive effects on strength of RBM. Pozzolanic reactions happen between RBM, FA, and GGBFS. And the activation effect of RBM to FA and GGBFS is superior to that of P.O grade-32.5 cement, especially at earlier ages, because of the high reactive f-CaO existing in RBM. On the advantages of the synergetic effects of RBM and pozzolanic admixtures such as FA and GGBFS, new combined binding materials can be prepared by blending them together.展开更多
A first-principles method is applied to comparatively study the stability of lithium metal oxides with layered or spinel structures to predict the most energetically favorable structure for different compositions. The...A first-principles method is applied to comparatively study the stability of lithium metal oxides with layered or spinel structures to predict the most energetically favorable structure for different compositions. The binding and reaction energies of the real or virtual layered LiM02 and spinel LiM204 （M = Sc42u, Y-Ag, Mg-Sr, and Al-In） are calculated. The effect of element M on the structural stability, espe- cially in the case of multiple-cation compounds, is discussed herein. The calculation results indicate that the phase stability depends on both the binding and reaction energies. The oxidation state of element M also plays a role in determining the dominant structure, i.e., layered or spinel phase. Moreover, calculation-based theoretical predictions of the phase stability of the doped materials agree with the previously re- ported experimental data.展开更多
Chloride binding is often described by chloride binding isotherm, which is closely related to the service life of concrete structures in chloride environments. Many methods have been proposed to determine chloride bin...Chloride binding is often described by chloride binding isotherm, which is closely related to the service life of concrete structures in chloride environments. Many methods have been proposed to determine chloride binding isotherm. Compared to other methods, chloride binding isotherms obtained directly from non- steady-state diffusion tests seem closer to the reality. We studied the chloride binding isotherm from both non- steady-state electrical-accelerated migration and diffusion tests at different temperatures. Twelve concrete mixes with different supplementary cementing materials and water-to-binder ratios of 0.35, 0.48 and 0.6 were cast for study. The specimens after diffusion （or migration） tests were sliced layer by layer, and acid-soluble and free chloride contents of each layer were measured. A chloride binding isotherm was obtained from one specimen. Experimental results indicated that electrical voltage had a slight effect on the chloride binding isotherm of concrete. Temperature had a positive effect on chloride binding. The higher the water-to-binder ratio was, the higher the chloride binding was.展开更多
The resistance to chloride penetration of cement-based material with different curing regimes was investigated by solution titration,XRD,LF-NMR and rapid chloride migration test.The results show that the curing regime...The resistance to chloride penetration of cement-based material with different curing regimes was investigated by solution titration,XRD,LF-NMR and rapid chloride migration test.The results show that the curing regime has influences on the types and structure of the hydration products,which in turn affects their ability to bind chloride ions.The binding capacity of cementitious materials to chloride ions,porosity and chloride ion migration coefficient increased with the increase of water-cement ratio,while steam curing increased the porosity and chloride ion migration coefficient at the same time as it increased the chloride ion binding capacity of the materials.At lower water-cement ratios,the effect of steam curing on the resistance of cementitious materials to chloride ingress is negligible.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Science Foundation of China(No. 50508034)
文摘Fly ash （FA） and ground granulated blast-furnace slag （GGBFS） were added to improve the performances of regenerated binding materials （RBM） which refer to dehydrated phases with rebinding ability of waste hardened cement paste. Flowability tests, compressive strength tests, SEM, TG-DSC, and non-evaporable water content tests were employed to study the performances of the combined binding materials and the interactions between RBM, FA, and GGBFS. Results show that adding FA or GGBFS can improve the workability of RBM paste, and GGBFS has positive effects on strength of RBM. Pozzolanic reactions happen between RBM, FA, and GGBFS. And the activation effect of RBM to FA and GGBFS is superior to that of P.O grade-32.5 cement, especially at earlier ages, because of the high reactive f-CaO existing in RBM. On the advantages of the synergetic effects of RBM and pozzolanic admixtures such as FA and GGBFS, new combined binding materials can be prepared by blending them together.
基金financially supported by the National High Technology Research Development Program of China (No. 2013AA050901)
文摘A first-principles method is applied to comparatively study the stability of lithium metal oxides with layered or spinel structures to predict the most energetically favorable structure for different compositions. The binding and reaction energies of the real or virtual layered LiM02 and spinel LiM204 （M = Sc42u, Y-Ag, Mg-Sr, and Al-In） are calculated. The effect of element M on the structural stability, espe- cially in the case of multiple-cation compounds, is discussed herein. The calculation results indicate that the phase stability depends on both the binding and reaction energies. The oxidation state of element M also plays a role in determining the dominant structure, i.e., layered or spinel phase. Moreover, calculation-based theoretical predictions of the phase stability of the doped materials agree with the previously re- ported experimental data.
基金Funded by Ghent University,Belgium and Central South University(No.2010QZZD018)
文摘Chloride binding is often described by chloride binding isotherm, which is closely related to the service life of concrete structures in chloride environments. Many methods have been proposed to determine chloride binding isotherm. Compared to other methods, chloride binding isotherms obtained directly from non- steady-state diffusion tests seem closer to the reality. We studied the chloride binding isotherm from both non- steady-state electrical-accelerated migration and diffusion tests at different temperatures. Twelve concrete mixes with different supplementary cementing materials and water-to-binder ratios of 0.35, 0.48 and 0.6 were cast for study. The specimens after diffusion （or migration） tests were sliced layer by layer, and acid-soluble and free chloride contents of each layer were measured. A chloride binding isotherm was obtained from one specimen. Experimental results indicated that electrical voltage had a slight effect on the chloride binding isotherm of concrete. Temperature had a positive effect on chloride binding. The higher the water-to-binder ratio was, the higher the chloride binding was.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51972249, 52172026, 51772226)。
文摘The resistance to chloride penetration of cement-based material with different curing regimes was investigated by solution titration,XRD,LF-NMR and rapid chloride migration test.The results show that the curing regime has influences on the types and structure of the hydration products,which in turn affects their ability to bind chloride ions.The binding capacity of cementitious materials to chloride ions,porosity and chloride ion migration coefficient increased with the increase of water-cement ratio,while steam curing increased the porosity and chloride ion migration coefficient at the same time as it increased the chloride ion binding capacity of the materials.At lower water-cement ratios,the effect of steam curing on the resistance of cementitious materials to chloride ingress is negligible.
