The data were collected during Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Expeditions in the western Arctic Ocean and themarginal sea ice zone (MSIZ) of the Southern Ocean, respectively in the boreal summer from July to September o...The data were collected during Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Expeditions in the western Arctic Ocean and themarginal sea ice zone (MSIZ) of the Southern Ocean, respectively in the boreal summer from July to September of1999 and in the austral summer from December of 1999 to January of 2000. The concentrations of CO2 in surfacewater of the survey regions would mostly present lower than those in the atmosphere. A significant biologicaldriving force could also been observed in summer waters in both of the above oceans. Air to sea CO2 fluxes were alsocalculated to compare oceanic uptake capacity of CO2 in both oceans with the world oceans using Liss, Wanninkhof,and Jacobss methods. The averaged CO2 fluxes of air to sea in the western Arctic Ocean or in the MSIZ of theSouthern Ocean doubled that in the world oceans.展开更多
A premonitory sign of an anomalous SST over the eastern equatorial Pacific shows up in the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) 18 months earlier,and the air-sea relationship between the STMW and the anomalous ...A premonitory sign of an anomalous SST over the eastern equatorial Pacific shows up in the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) 18 months earlier,and the air-sea relationship between the STMW and the anomalous SST over the eastern equatorial Pacific is shown.This premonitory connection involves an air-sea coupling between the longtime persistent mid-latitude sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) induced by the remote re-emergence of the STMW and the following spring subtropical atmospheric circulation anomalies.An examination of the air-sea interaction reveals that the following spring subtropical atmospheric circulation,which responds to the longtime persistent SSTA,is dominated by the anomalous negative (positive) geopotential height downstream of the negative (positive) SSTA in the strong (weak) STMW case.Thus,the tropics adjust to these anomalies through coupled dynamics,producing positive (negative) SST anomalies over the eastern equatorial Pacific.A cold water event that occurred over the eastern equatorial Pacific during winter 2008-09 was successfully forecasted by the weak summer STMW index in 2007.The evolution of this process for the air-sea interactions from the autumn of 2007 to December 2008 is presented.展开更多
基金These projects were supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 49836001,49836010 and 40406014Youth Science Foundation of SOA under contract No.2004606by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under contract Nos 2001DIA50040 and 200301B 4JB5.
文摘The data were collected during Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Expeditions in the western Arctic Ocean and themarginal sea ice zone (MSIZ) of the Southern Ocean, respectively in the boreal summer from July to September of1999 and in the austral summer from December of 1999 to January of 2000. The concentrations of CO2 in surfacewater of the survey regions would mostly present lower than those in the atmosphere. A significant biologicaldriving force could also been observed in summer waters in both of the above oceans. Air to sea CO2 fluxes were alsocalculated to compare oceanic uptake capacity of CO2 in both oceans with the world oceans using Liss, Wanninkhof,and Jacobss methods. The averaged CO2 fluxes of air to sea in the western Arctic Ocean or in the MSIZ of theSouthern Ocean doubled that in the world oceans.
基金jointly supported by the Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program of China(2007BAC29B03)the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB421401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40675031)
文摘A premonitory sign of an anomalous SST over the eastern equatorial Pacific shows up in the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) 18 months earlier,and the air-sea relationship between the STMW and the anomalous SST over the eastern equatorial Pacific is shown.This premonitory connection involves an air-sea coupling between the longtime persistent mid-latitude sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) induced by the remote re-emergence of the STMW and the following spring subtropical atmospheric circulation anomalies.An examination of the air-sea interaction reveals that the following spring subtropical atmospheric circulation,which responds to the longtime persistent SSTA,is dominated by the anomalous negative (positive) geopotential height downstream of the negative (positive) SSTA in the strong (weak) STMW case.Thus,the tropics adjust to these anomalies through coupled dynamics,producing positive (negative) SST anomalies over the eastern equatorial Pacific.A cold water event that occurred over the eastern equatorial Pacific during winter 2008-09 was successfully forecasted by the weak summer STMW index in 2007.The evolution of this process for the air-sea interactions from the autumn of 2007 to December 2008 is presented.
