酸雨胁迫对白兰花(Michelia alba DC．)抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响

本文以长势良好且树龄相同的木兰科植物白兰花(Michelia alba.DC)为实验材料,采用盆栽方式,用模拟酸雨的处理方法,研究了其在模拟酸雨胁迫下的抗氧化酶系统和丙二醛(MDA)的变化规律。结果表明,pH2.0酸雨比pH3.0和pH4.0对白兰花的影响更大,到第六次喷施酸雨时,SOD、POD、CAT酶活性均低于对照;各处理MDA含量在第六次处理时达到最高值,且均与对照呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。说明酸雨胁迫对白兰花的影响较大,白兰花在酸雨胁迫下抗逆性和耐受性较弱,其结果为酸雨控制区选择城市绿化植物提供重要的现实意义。

基于R-L分数阶定义的CCM Flyback变换器建模与分析

针对电容电感都为分数阶这一事实,利用分数阶微积分R-L定义和状态空间平均法,对工作在电感电流连续模式(CCM)下的分数阶Flyback变换器进行建模与分析。推导CCM分数阶Flyback变换器的静态工作点和小信号传递函数以及变换器工作在CCM模式下的条件。其次,讨论Caputo模型与R-L导数模型的区别,得出在R-L分数阶定义下直流静态工作点不仅与占空比相关,而且还与电感和电容的阶数以及负载有关。最后,在PSIM中搭建R-L分数阶CCM Flyback变换器电路模型,得到不同分数阶电感电容阶数下分数阶Flyback变换器输出电压和电感电流的仿真波形,通过仿真结果与理论计算结果对比,验证所建模型的正确性,得出分数阶电感电容的阶数会影响闭环控制器的设计和分数阶模型能更加精确地描述Flyback变换器的工作特性。

Studies on the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Three Extraction Processes of Bidens alba(L.) DC

[Objectives] To compare the anti-inflammatory activities of three extraction processes of the exotic plant Bidens alba(L.) DC in Lingnan(south of the Five Ridges in China).[Methods]The alcohol extracts of B.alba(L.) DC were extracted and separated with petroleum ether,chloroform and ethyl acetate respectively.The anti-inflammatory activity experiment of these three extracts was carried out with the RAW264.7 inflammatory model of mouse macrophages in vitro.[Results]When the concentration was 0.05-1.6 mg/L,the petroleum ether extract of B.alba(L.) DC produced strong inhibitory effects on nitric oxide(NO) release of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS;the inhibition of ethyl acetate extract was weak,and the chloroform extract showed no significant inhibition.[Conclusions]Petroleum ether is the best extractant for active anti-inflammatory ingredients of B.alba(L.) DC.

Experimental study of the anti-inflammatory activity of some compounds in Berchemia lineata(L.)DC

Objective:To screen the anti-inflammatory monomeric compounds isolated from Berchemia lineata(L.)DC and explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of some compounds based on NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods:LPS was used to induce RAW264.7 to establish a model of cellular inflammatory reaction.CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of monomer compounds on the activity of RAW264.7 cells.The release of nitric oxide(NO)in the superneant was measured by Griess method,and NO inhibition rate was calculated.The anti-inflammatory activity gradient of some monomeric compounds was also measured.The effects of monomer compound 21 on the secretion of IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB,COX-2 and iNOS induced by LPS were detected by ELISA.Results:The concentration of monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.was 50μmol/L,and it was administered for 24 h.The results showed that anthraquinone compound No.19 had obvious drug toxicity,while other compounds had weak or no obvious drug toxicity.The concentration was 50μmol/L,and the drug was administered for 12 h.The results showed that all the monomer compounds could inhibit the release of NO to varying degrees,and the highest NO inhibition rate was over 90%,which showed obvious anti-inflammatory activity.NO inhibition rate of No.01 new skeleton compound can reach 70.81%.The results of anti-inflammatory activity gradient showed that the monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.could inhibit the release of NO in a dose-dependent manner.The results of ELISA showed that phenolic compound 21 could inhibit the secretion of IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB,COX-2 and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells.Conclusion:The monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.has a certain anti-inflammatory activity,among which flavonoids and bibenzyl components isolated from this plant for the first time may be the material basis for its anti-inflammatory activity.The simple phenolic monomer compound 21 may play an anti-inflammatory role by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway.

Exploring the Mechanism of Blumea balsamifera(L.)DC in Preventing and Treating Alzheimer's Disease Based on HPLC-ESI-HRMS and Network Pharmacology

[Objectives]To expose the plausible mechanism of Blumea balsamifera(L.)DC.against Alzheimer s disease via network pharmacology and HPLC-ESI-HRMS technology.[Methods]To begin with,HPLC-ESI-HRMS was employed to identify the components of B.balsamifera.Secondly,the potential targets of the components were identified and predicted based on chemical similarity and online databases.Thirdly,by way of topological analysis of a component-disease target interaction network,the primary candidate targets and potential active components were identified.Lastly,molecular docking analysis was used to confirm the interaction between active components and therapeutic targets.[Results]According to the final results,HPLC-ESI-HRMS identified 70 components.Out of these,20 components were potentially biologically active,and most of them were sesquiterpenoids.According to the molecular docking results,the primary active components were appropriately coordinated with the core targets,indicating a high level of pharmacodynamic activity.Thus,the sesquiterpenes present in B.balsamifera are considered potential active ingredients having multi-target and multi-pathway effects for treating Alzheimer s disease.[Conclusions]This research will provide a scientific reference for the future pharmacological activity and clinical application of B.balsamifera.

Studies on the Analgesic Activity and Acute Toxicities of Bidens alba(L.) DC

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic effects and acute toxicities of Bidens alba (L.) DC.[Methods]The alcohol extract of B.alba (L.) DC was extracted and separated with petroleum ether and chloroform successively.The acute toxicities of the two extracts on mice were measured,and then the analgesic effects were measured with writhing pain model induced by acetic acid.[Results]No mice died when the crude dosages of B.alba (L.) DC from petroleum ether extract and chloroform extract were 5 016 and 5 100 mg/kg,respectively.When the petroleum ether extract was 60.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted mice induced by acetic acid was 40%,the analgesic rate was 77.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (294.0±165.8) s;when the chloroform extract was 20.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 55.6%,the analgesic rate was 51.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (273.8 ±153.4) s;and when the chloroform extract was 4.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 40%,and the analgesic rate was 62.1%,and the time of the first writhing was (370.6±231.3) s.[Conclusions]The petroleum ether extracts and chloroform extracts of B.alba (L.) DC have good analgesic effects and no acute toxicities.

艾纳香油通过NF-κB非经典信号影响花生四烯酸代谢缓解LPS所致巨噬细胞的炎症反应

【目的】本文旨在探讨艾纳香油(BBO)通过核转录因子κB(NF-κB)非经典通路影响花生四烯酸(AA)代谢通路发挥抗炎作用。【方法】采用豚鼠离体回肠法检测BBO对慢反应物质(SRS-A)生成的影响,ELISA法检测BBO对脂多糖(LPS)诱导巨噬细胞前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))及白三烯B_(4)(LTB_(4))产生的影响,qRT-PCR检测BBO对LPS诱导巨噬细胞COX-2、5-LOX、FLAP和RelB表达的影响,Western blot检测BBO对NF-κB非经典通路蛋白肿瘤坏死因子受体作用因子3(TRAF3)、肿瘤坏死因子受体作用因子2(TRAF2)、NF-κB诱导激酶(NIK)、p100和RelB浓度的影响。【结果】在1mg·mL^(-1)的BBO药物浓度下减弱了豚鼠回肠的收缩张力(P<0.001),对SRS-A的生成抑制率达到65.34%;与LPS模型组相比,BBO在40-80μg·mL^(-1)浓度下降低AA代谢通路中PGE_(2)(P<0.05)和LTB_(4)(P<0.05)的浓度,降低COX-2(P<0.05)、5-LOX(P<0.05)和FLAP(P<0.05)的表达;此外,40-80μg·mL^(-1)浓度下BBO还降低LPS导致的NF-κB非经典通路中TRAF3(P<0.05)、TRAF2(P<0.05)和NIK(P<0.05)的浓度,进一步抑制p100蛋白的磷酸化(P<0.05),同时抑制转录因子RelB的表达(P<0.05)和RelB蛋白的水平(P<0.05),而BBO自身不引起这些基因与蛋白的变化。【结论】BBO可能通过抑制NF-κB非经典信号中调节蛋白TRAF3和TRAF2,转录因子RelB的浓度,造成NIK蛋白的诱导激酶作用受到抑制,进一步抑制了p100蛋白的磷酸化及其与转录因子RelB的结合,从而影响到下游AA通路中重要限速酶COX-2、5-LOX和FLAP的表达与炎症介质PGE_(2)和LTB_(4)的水平发挥抗炎作用。

加味青蒿鳖甲汤对髓系MRD-L患者CD_(34)^+细胞源DC诱导过程中IL-12的影响

目的:探讨加味青蒿鳖甲汤对树突细胞(DC)诱导和对IL-12分泌的影响。方法:本研究采用体外培养的方法,用含不同剂量(高、中、低)加味青蒿鳖甲汤动物血清联合细胞因子、不含药血清联合细胞因子及单纯用细胞因子,共同培养缓解期急性髓系白血病(AML-CR)患者骨髓中分离提取的CD+34细胞,诱导其成为DC,观察各组在不同阶段对DC成熟的影响,以及各组血清中IL-12的分泌变化。结果:含药血清均能上调DC表面特征性分子及共刺激分子CD80、CD83、CD86表达水平,较单纯细胞因子组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),且含中剂量药血清更能促进DC分泌IL-12(P<0.01)。结论:联合细胞因子的含加味青蒿鳖甲汤的血清,可使来源AML-CR骨髓的CD+34,在体外比单纯用细胞因子诱导培养DC能够更好地促进DC的生长、成熟和分化,并能促进DC分泌IL-12,增加抗肿瘤作用。

Isolation and Identification of Ecliptasaponin A andEcliptasaponin B from Eclipta alba(L.)Hassk

Two new triterpenoid glucosides ecliptasaponin A(3)and ecliptasaponin B(4)were isolated together with echinocystic acid(1)and oleanolic acid(2)from Eclipta alba(L.) Hassk.Their structures were deduced as 3β,16a-dihydroxy olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-3β-O-β-D-glu-copyranoside(3)and 3β-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-16a-hydroxy olean-12-ene-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),based on spectral analysis and chemical evidences as well as results ofhydrolysis.

Two New Triterpenoid Saponins from Morina nepalensis var. alba

Two new triterpenoid saponins, monepaloside K (1) and monepaloside L (2), together with a known saponin, mazusaponin I (3), were isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of Marina nepalensis var. alba Hand.-Mazz. The structures of monepalosides K and L were determined to be 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-α-D-xylopyranosyl siaresinolic acid (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1-3)-β-L-arabinopyranosy1 siaresinolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.

当年生桑树(Morus alba L.)果枝叶片特征与果实性状的相关性

为揭示叶果间的内在作用规律,以桑树(Morus alba L.)当年生果枝为研究对象,分析不同大小果枝上叶片特征和果实性状的差异及其二者间的相互关系。结果表明:随着果枝由小到大,果枝上的叶片数与总叶干重显著增加,而叶形指数却无显著变化;桑葚数与总桑葚干重也有显著增加,桑葚含水量无显著变化。桑葚数与叶片数、总叶干重、总叶面积及其平均桑葚干重显著正相关。研究结果证实了果实的性状与叶片特征之间存在极密切关系。当年生果枝上的桑葚数量多少取决于果枝上的叶片总数,平均桑葚的干重则与果枝上的平均叶面积显著相关。

RF/DC溅射316L/SiO_2复合膜力学性能与显微结构的研究

利用射频 /直流磁控溅射法制备了 316 L不锈钢 / Si O2 复合薄膜 ,并对其组织、相结构和力学性能进行了测试分析。结果表明 :直流磁控溅射 316 L不锈钢薄膜呈柱状晶结构 ,主要由 Fe- Cr和 - Fe相构成 ,在 Fe-Cr(110 )晶面出现明显择优取向 ;由于 Si O2 的掺合 ,使 316 L不锈钢 / Si O2 复合薄膜柱状晶变细小 ,出现明显的二次柱状晶 ,Fe- Cr的 (110 )晶面择优取向消失 ,而 Fe- Cr的 (2 11)晶面衍射峰强度明显增强 ,316不锈钢膜硬度明显高于 316 L块体 ,掺入 Si O2 的金属

DC-SIGN和L-SIGN与丙型肝炎病毒感染

近年来发现的树突细胞特异性细胞间黏附分子-3-结合非整合素分子(dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin,DC-SIGN)及其相关分子L-SIGN与丙型肝炎病毒的致病机制及其感染的慢性化有关,该文介绍DC-SIGN和L-SIGN的发现、生物学特点及其与丙型肝炎病毒相互作用的研究进展。

不同产地射干药材水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱及其含量差异

目的 采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱对不同产地射干药材水溶性成分的相似度及含量差异进行分析,以期为射干的临床安全应用提供参考。方法 建立不同产地射干药材水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱,对15个产地射干药材的水溶性成分进行相似度评价,并对不同产地射干药材的射干苷、野鸢尾苷等成分进行方法学考察与含量测定,结合聚类分析法、主成分分析法,综合评价不同产地射干药材的质量。结果 HPLC指纹图谱分析显示15个产地射干药材的相似度均大于90.0%。在射干药材水溶性成分含量测定中,射干苷含量以产地为湖北团风最佳;野鸢尾苷含量以产地为湖北兴山最佳。主成分分析认为产地为湖北团风的射干药物品质最佳。结论 HPLC指纹图谱可客观、准确地评价不同产地射干药材水溶性成分的含量差异,为射干药材的临床安全应用与新药资源开发提供理论依据。

L-LLC谐振型双向DC-DC变换器的复合最优轨迹控制策略研究

针对L-LLC谐振型双向DC-DC变换器提出了比例-积分-谐振(PID)控制与最优轨迹控制相结合的复合最优轨迹控制策略。在系统稳态时采用PID控制减小稳态误差保持输出电压恒定;当出现负载跳变时,采用最优轨迹控制改变开关管的频率,使其在最短时间内重新达到稳态。该控制策略实现了输入侧开关管的零电压开通和输出侧整流管的零电流关断,精确预测了负载突变时的开关管导通时间,显著提高了变换器的动态性能且减小了运算的复杂度。仿真和实验结果表明,采用复合最优轨迹控制策略显著改善了L-LLC谐振型双向DC-DC变换器的动态性能。

漏芦通过TLR4/NF-κB通路抑制脂多糖诱导的小鼠乳腺上皮细胞炎症反应

为探讨漏芦醇提物(RUEE)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠乳腺上皮细胞(HC11细胞)的抗炎作用及机制,试验利用RUEE(80μg/mL)、LPS(1μg/mL)单独处理以及RUEE(80μg/mL)+LPS(1μg/mL)共处理HC11细胞,采用荧光定量PCR检测炎性细胞因子及Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA表达水平,采用Western blotting检测核转录因子κB(NF-κB)通路关键因子的蛋白表达量。结果表明:LPS诱导可明显提高HC11细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05);明显上调TLR4 mRNA表达及NF-κB p65和NF-κB抑制蛋白α(IκBα)的磷酸化水平(P<0.05)。RUEE预处理可显著降低LPS诱导的HC11细胞TNF-α、COX-2、IL-6、IL-1β的mRNA表达(P<0.05);显著下调TLR4 mRNA表达及NF-κB p65和IκBα的磷酸化水平(P<0.05)。由此可知漏芦醇提物可通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路的激活,下调相关炎性细胞因子的过度表达而缓解LPS诱导的乳腺上皮细胞炎症反应。

A new alkylene dihydrofuran glycoside with antioxidation activity from the root bark of Morus alba L.

A new alkylene dihydrofuran glycoside（1） was isolated from the root bark ofMorus alba L.,along with moracin M-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （2）,and moracin M-6,3′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（3）.Compound 1 was identified as 2-methylene-3-methoxy-2, 5-dihydrofuran-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis.In addition,the antioxidant activity of 1 was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH） and 2,2′-azinobis- 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid（ABTS） assay.The IC_（50） values were 2.49 and 0.45 mg/mL,respectively.

Radial profile of sap flow velocity in mature Xinjiang poplar(Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis) in Northwest China

Estimation of the transpiration rate for a tree is generally based on sap flow measurements within the hydro-active stem xylem. In this study, radial variation of sap flow velocity（Js） was investigated at five depths of the xylem（1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 cm under the cambium） in three mature Xinjiang poplar（Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis） trees grown at the Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem from May to October 2011. Thermal dissipation probes of various lengths manufactured according to the Granier＇s design were installed into each tree for simultaneous observation of the radial patterns of Js through the xylem. The radial patterns were found to fit the four-parameter GaussAmp equation. The peak Js was about 27.02±0.95 kg/（dm2？d） at approximately 3 to 5 cm deep from the cambium of the three trees,and the lowest Js appeared at 1 cm deep in most of the time. Approximately 50% of the total sap flow in Xinjiang poplar occurred within one-third of the xylem from its outer radius, whereas 90% of the total sap flow occurred within two-fifth of the xylem. In addition, the innermost point of the xylem（at 8-cm depth）, which appeared as the penultimate sap flow in most cases during the study period, was hydro-active with Js,8 of 7.55±3.83 kg/（dm2？d）. The radial pattern of Js was found to be steeper in midday than in other time of the day, and steeper diurnal fluctuations were recorded in June, July and August（the mid-growing season）. Maximum differences between the lowest Js（Js,1 or Js,8） and the highest Js（Js,3 or Js,5） from May through October were 12.41, 17.35, 16.30, 18.52, 12.60 and 16.04 g/（cm2？h）, respectively. The time-dependent changes of Js along the radial profile（except at 1-cm depth） were strongly related to the reference evapotranspiration（ET0）. Due to significant radial variability of Js, the mean daily sap flow at the whole-tree level could be over-estimated by up to 29.69% when only a single probe at depth of 2 cm was used. However, the accuracy of the estimation of sap flow in Xinjiang poplar could be significantly improved using a correction coefficient of 0.885.

Research and Prospect of Mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Mulberry(Morus alba L.)is not only rich in nutrients,but also has medicinal value.As a drug and food,it is widely planted all over the country,with considerable yield and economic value.In recent years,it has attracted many scholars and been widely reported,and in-depth research has already been conducted.Through reviewing the literatures on mulberry,this paper summarized the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and quality evaluation of mulberry,providing some reference for the further development and utilization of mulberry.

A new prenylated arylbenzofuran derivative from Morus alba L.

2-[3,5-Di-O-β-D-glucosyl-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]benzofuran-6-ol,a new prenylated arylbenzofuran derivative was isolated from Morus alba L.Its structure was elucidated by various spectroscopic methods including MS,~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR,DEPT,~1H-~1HCOSY,HMQC and HMBC.