Although liver transplantation(LT) is performed increasingly for patients with end-stage alcoholic liver disease(ALD), the topic remains controversial. Traditionally, the role of an addiction specialist focused on the...Although liver transplantation(LT) is performed increasingly for patients with end-stage alcoholic liver disease(ALD), the topic remains controversial. Traditionally, the role of an addiction specialist focused on the screening and identification of patients with a high risk on relapse in heavy alcohol use. These patients were in many cases subsequently excluded from a further LT procedure.Recently, awareness is growing that not only screening of patients but also offering treatment, helping patients regain and maintain abstinence is essential, opening up a broader role for the addiction specialist(team)within the whole of the transplant procedure. Within this context, high-risk assessment is proposed to be an indication of increasing addiction treatment intensity,instead of being an exclusion criterion. In this review we present an overview regarding the state of the art on alcohol relapse assessment and treatment in patients with alcohol use disorders, both with and without ALD.Screening, treatment and monitoring is suggested as central roles for the addiction specialist(team) integrated within transplant centers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Alcohol addiction,or alcohol dependence,refers to a psychological state of strong craving for alcohol caused by drinking when both the drinking times and alcohol consumption reach a certain level.Alcohol ad...BACKGROUND Alcohol addiction,or alcohol dependence,refers to a psychological state of strong craving for alcohol caused by drinking when both the drinking times and alcohol consumption reach a certain level.Alcohol addiction can cause irreversible damage,leading to mental illness or mental disorders,negative changes in their original personality,and a tendency to safety incidents such as committing suicide or violent attacks on others.Significant attention needs to be given to the mental health of alcohol addicts,which could reflect their abnormal personality traits.However,only a few papers on this issue have been reported in China.AIM To investigate the correlation between mental health and personality in patients with alcohol addiction.METHODS In this single-center observational study,we selected 80 patients with alcohol addiction as the research subjects,according to the criteria of the K10 scale to evaluate the mental health of patients with alcohol addiction,and divided these patients into four groups based on the evaluation results:Good,average,relatively poor and bad.And then analyzed the correlation between mental health conditions and personality characteristics from these four groups of patients.RESULTS The average score of the K10 scale(Kessler 10 Simple Psychological Status Assessment Scale)in 80 patients with alcohol addiction was 25.45 points,the median score was 25 points,the highest score was 50 points,and the lowest score was 11 points.Pearson's analysis showed that the K10 score was positively correlated with the scores of these two subscales,such as the P-subscale and the N-subscale(P<0.05).In contrast,the K10 score had no significant correlation with the scores from the E-subscale and the L-subscale(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The mental health conditions of patients with alcohol addiction are positively correlated with their personality characteristics.展开更多
目的通过探讨吸烟和饮酒状态对脑自发活动的影响,研究二者共病关联的神经生物学机制。材料与方法基于低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF)方法,采用2×2因子设计,包括以下四组:饮酒/非饮酒的吸烟者(n=35/n=27)...目的通过探讨吸烟和饮酒状态对脑自发活动的影响,研究二者共病关联的神经生物学机制。材料与方法基于低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF)方法,采用2×2因子设计,包括以下四组:饮酒/非饮酒的吸烟者(n=35/n=27)和饮酒/非饮酒的非吸烟者(n=21/n=25),进行静息态MRI扫描并计算ALFF,对四组ALFF值行方差分析(ANOVA)。在方差分析(ANOVA)的基础上进行事后检验(Bonferroni校正),以进一步了解不同组之间的具体差异。结果与健康对照组相比,吸烟组双侧楔前叶、右侧楔叶具有较高的ALFF值(t=3.212,P=0.001);而饮酒组左侧小脑半球具有较高的ALFF值(t=3.422,P=0.001),体素水平P<0.005,团块水平P<0.05,基于GRF校正。吸烟和饮酒共同影响左侧小脑后叶的脑活动,但效果相反。左侧小脑后叶的ALFF值与烟龄、吸烟指数和饮酒依赖量表分值均呈负相关(n=35;r=−0.367,P=0.025;r=−0.267,P=0.033;r=−0.293,P=0.026)。结论吸烟和饮酒都会影响自发性大脑活动,它们的交互作用出现在左侧小脑后叶。吸烟和饮酒会产生一种新的拮抗相互作用。这表明在研究吸烟者的自发大脑活动时,需要将饮酒作为一个变量进行控制。展开更多
目的:研究丁苯酞(NBP)对酒精依赖大鼠海马谷氨酸(Glu)含量和NNMDA受体2B亚基(NR2B)表达的影响。方法:建立酒精成瘾大鼠模型,观察戒断症状,SYBR Green I荧光实时定量PCR技术检测海马区NR2BmRNA表达,高效液相色谱法检测海马组织中谷氨酸...目的:研究丁苯酞(NBP)对酒精依赖大鼠海马谷氨酸(Glu)含量和NNMDA受体2B亚基(NR2B)表达的影响。方法:建立酒精成瘾大鼠模型,观察戒断症状,SYBR Green I荧光实时定量PCR技术检测海马区NR2BmRNA表达,高效液相色谱法检测海马组织中谷氨酸含量。结果:模型组大鼠戒断评分比正常组明显上升(P<0.01),NBP中、高剂量组与模型组相比,戒断评分明显下降(P<0.05),差异均有显著性;模型组大鼠海马区谷氨酸含量较正常组显著降低(P<0.01),差异有显著性,而各用药组与模型组相比,海马区谷氨酸含量差异无显著性(P>0.05);实时定量PCR结果表明模型组大鼠海马区NR2BmRNA表达较正常组明显增加(P<0.05),而NBP中、高剂量组与模型组相比,海马区NR2BmRNA表达明显减少,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:NBP能够减轻酒精依赖大鼠的戒断症状,可能与NBP抑制NR2BmRNA表达有关。展开更多
文摘Although liver transplantation(LT) is performed increasingly for patients with end-stage alcoholic liver disease(ALD), the topic remains controversial. Traditionally, the role of an addiction specialist focused on the screening and identification of patients with a high risk on relapse in heavy alcohol use. These patients were in many cases subsequently excluded from a further LT procedure.Recently, awareness is growing that not only screening of patients but also offering treatment, helping patients regain and maintain abstinence is essential, opening up a broader role for the addiction specialist(team)within the whole of the transplant procedure. Within this context, high-risk assessment is proposed to be an indication of increasing addiction treatment intensity,instead of being an exclusion criterion. In this review we present an overview regarding the state of the art on alcohol relapse assessment and treatment in patients with alcohol use disorders, both with and without ALD.Screening, treatment and monitoring is suggested as central roles for the addiction specialist(team) integrated within transplant centers.
文摘BACKGROUND Alcohol addiction,or alcohol dependence,refers to a psychological state of strong craving for alcohol caused by drinking when both the drinking times and alcohol consumption reach a certain level.Alcohol addiction can cause irreversible damage,leading to mental illness or mental disorders,negative changes in their original personality,and a tendency to safety incidents such as committing suicide or violent attacks on others.Significant attention needs to be given to the mental health of alcohol addicts,which could reflect their abnormal personality traits.However,only a few papers on this issue have been reported in China.AIM To investigate the correlation between mental health and personality in patients with alcohol addiction.METHODS In this single-center observational study,we selected 80 patients with alcohol addiction as the research subjects,according to the criteria of the K10 scale to evaluate the mental health of patients with alcohol addiction,and divided these patients into four groups based on the evaluation results:Good,average,relatively poor and bad.And then analyzed the correlation between mental health conditions and personality characteristics from these four groups of patients.RESULTS The average score of the K10 scale(Kessler 10 Simple Psychological Status Assessment Scale)in 80 patients with alcohol addiction was 25.45 points,the median score was 25 points,the highest score was 50 points,and the lowest score was 11 points.Pearson's analysis showed that the K10 score was positively correlated with the scores of these two subscales,such as the P-subscale and the N-subscale(P<0.05).In contrast,the K10 score had no significant correlation with the scores from the E-subscale and the L-subscale(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The mental health conditions of patients with alcohol addiction are positively correlated with their personality characteristics.
文摘目的通过探讨吸烟和饮酒状态对脑自发活动的影响,研究二者共病关联的神经生物学机制。材料与方法基于低频振幅(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation,ALFF)方法,采用2×2因子设计,包括以下四组:饮酒/非饮酒的吸烟者(n=35/n=27)和饮酒/非饮酒的非吸烟者(n=21/n=25),进行静息态MRI扫描并计算ALFF,对四组ALFF值行方差分析(ANOVA)。在方差分析(ANOVA)的基础上进行事后检验(Bonferroni校正),以进一步了解不同组之间的具体差异。结果与健康对照组相比,吸烟组双侧楔前叶、右侧楔叶具有较高的ALFF值(t=3.212,P=0.001);而饮酒组左侧小脑半球具有较高的ALFF值(t=3.422,P=0.001),体素水平P<0.005,团块水平P<0.05,基于GRF校正。吸烟和饮酒共同影响左侧小脑后叶的脑活动,但效果相反。左侧小脑后叶的ALFF值与烟龄、吸烟指数和饮酒依赖量表分值均呈负相关(n=35;r=−0.367,P=0.025;r=−0.267,P=0.033;r=−0.293,P=0.026)。结论吸烟和饮酒都会影响自发性大脑活动,它们的交互作用出现在左侧小脑后叶。吸烟和饮酒会产生一种新的拮抗相互作用。这表明在研究吸烟者的自发大脑活动时,需要将饮酒作为一个变量进行控制。
文摘目的:研究丁苯酞(NBP)对酒精依赖大鼠海马谷氨酸(Glu)含量和NNMDA受体2B亚基(NR2B)表达的影响。方法:建立酒精成瘾大鼠模型,观察戒断症状,SYBR Green I荧光实时定量PCR技术检测海马区NR2BmRNA表达,高效液相色谱法检测海马组织中谷氨酸含量。结果:模型组大鼠戒断评分比正常组明显上升(P<0.01),NBP中、高剂量组与模型组相比,戒断评分明显下降(P<0.05),差异均有显著性;模型组大鼠海马区谷氨酸含量较正常组显著降低(P<0.01),差异有显著性,而各用药组与模型组相比,海马区谷氨酸含量差异无显著性(P>0.05);实时定量PCR结果表明模型组大鼠海马区NR2BmRNA表达较正常组明显增加(P<0.05),而NBP中、高剂量组与模型组相比,海马区NR2BmRNA表达明显减少,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:NBP能够减轻酒精依赖大鼠的戒断症状,可能与NBP抑制NR2BmRNA表达有关。
