The separation of aromatics from aliphatics is essential for achieving maximum exploitation of oil resources in the petrochemical industry.In this study,a series of metal chloride-based ionic liquids were prepared and...The separation of aromatics from aliphatics is essential for achieving maximum exploitation of oil resources in the petrochemical industry.In this study,a series of metal chloride-based ionic liquids were prepared and their performances in the separation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene(tetralin)/dodecane and tetralin/decalin systems were studied.Among these ionic liquids,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate([EMIM][FeCl_(4)])with the highest selectivity was used as the extractant.Density functional theory calculations showed that[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]interacted more strongly with tetralin than with dodecane and decalin.Energy decomposition analysis of[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]-tetralin indicated that electrostatics and dispersion played essential roles,and induction cannot be neglected.The van der Waals forces was a main effect in[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]-tetralin by independent gradient model analysis.The tetralin distribution coefficient and selectivity were 0.8 and 110,respectively,with 10%(mol)tetralin in the initial tetralin/dodecane system,and 0.67 and 19.5,respectively,with 10%(mol)tetralin in the initial tetralin/decalin system.The selectivity increased with decreasing alkyl chain length of the extractant.The influence of the extraction temperature,extractant dosage,and initial concentrations of the system components on the separation performance were studied.Recycling experiments showed that the regenerated[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]could be used repeatedly.展开更多
The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is crucial in the petrochemical industry.Pervaporation is regarded as a promising approach for the separation of aromatic compounds from alkanes. Developing me...The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is crucial in the petrochemical industry.Pervaporation is regarded as a promising approach for the separation of aromatic compounds from alkanes. Developing membrane materials with efficient separation performance is still the main task since the membrane should provide chemical stability, high permeation flux, and selectivity. In this study, the hyperbranched polymer(HBP) was deposited on the outer surface of a polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membrane by a facile dip-coating method. The dip-coating rate, HBP concentration, and thermal cross-linking temperature were regulated to optimize the membrane structure.The obtained HBP/PVDF hollow-fiber-composite membrane had a good separation performance for aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures. For the 50%/50%(mass) toluene/n-heptane mixture, the permeation flux of optimized composite membranes could reach 1766 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1), with a separation factor of 4.1 at 60℃. Therefore, the HBP/PVDF hollow-fiber-composite membrane has great application prospects in the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures.展开更多
Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high...Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high quality of ZrS_(2)nanosheets to realize their practical application remains a challenge.Here,we have successfully exfoliated the bulk ZrS_(2)powder with the thickness of micron into single and few-layer nanosheets through liquid-phase exfoliation in N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP) assisted via aliphatic amines as intercalators.It is found that the exfoliation yield is as high as 27.3%,which is the record value for the exfoliation of ZrS_(2)nanosheets from bulk ZrS_(2)powder,and 77.1% of ZrS_(2)nanosheets are 2-3 layers.The molecular geometric size and aliphatic amine basicity have important impact on the exfoliation.Furthermore,the ZrS_(2)nanosheets have been used as catalyst in the electrocatalytic dinitrogen reduction with the NH3yield of 57.75 μg h^(-1)mg_(cat.)^(-1),which is twice that by ZrS_(2)nanofibers reported in literature and three times that by the bulk ZrS_(2)powder.Therefore,the liquid phase exfoliation strategy reported here has great potential in mass production of ZrS_(2)nanosheets for high activity electrocatalysis.展开更多
The geochemical signatures of fifty-four rock samples and three supplementary drill stem test(DST)oils from the Yacheng-Sanya formations in the central Qiongdongnan Basin(CQB)were analysed.Reconstruction of the early ...The geochemical signatures of fifty-four rock samples and three supplementary drill stem test(DST)oils from the Yacheng-Sanya formations in the central Qiongdongnan Basin(CQB)were analysed.Reconstruction of the early Oligocene-early Miocene(36–16 Ma)palaeovegetation and source analyses of organic matter(OM)were conducted using aliphatic biomarkers in ancient sediments and DST oils.Both the interpreted aquatic and terrigenous OM contributed to the CQB source rocks(SRs)but had varying relative proportions.The four distribution patterns derived from n-alkanes,terpanes,and steranes are representative of four OM composition models of the Yacheng-Sanya SRs,including model A,model B,model C,and model D,which were classified based on the increasing contribution from terrigenous OM relative to aquatic OM.Some terrigenous higher plantderived biomarkers,including oleanane,des-A-oleanane,C_(29)ααα20R sterane,bicadinanes,the C_(19)/(C_(19)+C_(23))tricyclic terpane ratio,and other n-alkane-derived ratios suggest that angiosperms had increased proportions in the palaeoflora from early Oligocene to early Miocene,and the bloom of terrigenous higher plants was observed during deposition of upper Lingshui Formation to lower Sanya Formation.These findings are consistent with the incremental total organic carbon and free hydrocarbons+potential hydrocarbons(S_1+S_2)in the lower Lingshuilower Sanya strata with a significant enrichment of OM in the E_3l_1-N_1s_2 shales.The maturity-and environmentsensitive aliphatic parameters of the CQB SRs and DST oils suggest that all the samples have predominantly reached their early oil-generation windows but have not exceeded the peak oil windows,except for some immature Sanya Formation shales.In addition,most of the OM in the analysed samples was characterised by mixed OM contributions under anoxic to sub-anoxic conditions.Furthermore,terrestrial-dominant SRs were interpreted to have developed mainly in the Lingshui-Sanya formations and were deposited in sub-oxic to oxic environments,compared to the anoxic to sub-anoxic conditions of the Yacheng Formation.展开更多
The title organometallic compounds were synthesized by the condensation of formyl and acetyl ferrocene with cyanoacetyl, propionyl, butyryl, o furoyl, o thiofuroyl and m pyridinecarboxy hydrazine in anh...The title organometallic compounds were synthesized by the condensation of formyl and acetyl ferrocene with cyanoacetyl, propionyl, butyryl, o furoyl, o thiofuroyl and m pyridinecarboxy hydrazine in anhydrous ethanol under reflux. The IR, 1H NMR, MS, and Mssbauer spectra for these compounds were recorded and are discussed.展开更多
Bio-based diamines are considered to be a promising alternative to traditional fossil-fuel-based diamines,the important platform chemical for the synthesis of polymer materials.In this review,the current status of the...Bio-based diamines are considered to be a promising alternative to traditional fossil-fuel-based diamines,the important platform chemical for the synthesis of polymer materials.In this review,the current status of the art of the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic diamines from renewable biomass are considered.In the case of aliphatic diamines,we describe strategies for biologically producing diamines with different carbon numbers including 1,3-diaminopropane,1,4-butanediamine,1,5-pentanediamine,1,6-diaminohexane,1,8-diaminooctane,1,10-diaminodecane,and 1,12-diaminododecane.In addition,aromatic diamines produced from various kinds of renewable biomass,including lignin,cashew nut shell,and terpenoids,are reviewed here.Furthermore,the application of typical diamines in synthesis of polyurethane and polyamide are also reviewed.展开更多
A decomposition experiment of Populus purdomii litter,a commonly used afforestation species in the Qinling Mountains,China,was conducted.Water extracts of five conifer litters were used to treat P.purdomii litter and ...A decomposition experiment of Populus purdomii litter,a commonly used afforestation species in the Qinling Mountains,China,was conducted.Water extracts of five conifer litters were used to treat P.purdomii litter and its soil.The P.purdomii litter was incubated at room temperature(20–25℃)and constant soil moisture for 6 months.During the decomposition period,the dynamics of litter mass and nutrient contents were detected to investigate the impacts of plant secondary metabolites.The results indicate that litter extracts of Pinus tabuliformis,Platycladus orientalis,Pinus armandii and Larix principisrupprechtii significantly inhibited the overall nutrient release of P.purdomii litter,while the last three types of litter extracts simultaneously inhibited its decomposition.Conversely,the litter extracts of Picea asperata significantly accelerated the overall nutrient release of P.purdomii.Generally,most of the conifer species,whose litter released terpenoids,phenolics,steroids,and aliphatic acids,will inhibit the decomposition and/or nutrient release from P.purdomii litter.Their negative effects on the decomposers and soil enzymatic activities indicates that planting diversity should be lower when mixed planted with P.purdomii.展开更多
To get deep understanding of the reaction mechanism of coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma, the decomposition reaction pathways of aliphatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes, which are two main components in volatiles from...To get deep understanding of the reaction mechanism of coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma, the decomposition reaction pathways of aliphatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes, which are two main components in volatiles from coal, were investigated. Methane and cyclohexane were chosen as the model compounds. Density functional theory was employed, and many reaction pathways were involved. Calculations were carried out in Gaussian 09 at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of the theory. The results indicate that the main pyrolysis products of methane and cyclohexane in hydrogen plasma are both hydrogen and acetylene, and the participation of active hydrogen atoms makes dehydrogenation reactions more favorable. H2 mainly comes from dehydrogenation process, while many reaction pathways are responsible for acetylene formation. During coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma, three main components in volatiles like aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons lead to the formation of hydrogen and acetylene, but their contributions to products distribution are different.展开更多
A new degradable aliphatic poly(butylene-co-e-caprolactone carbonate) (PBCL) was synthesized through the terpolymerization of carbon dioxide, 1,2-butylene oxide (BO) and e-caprolactone (CL), a polymer supported bimeta...A new degradable aliphatic poly(butylene-co-e-caprolactone carbonate) (PBCL) was synthesized through the terpolymerization of carbon dioxide, 1,2-butylene oxide (BO) and e-caprolactone (CL), a polymer supported bimetallic complex (PBM) was used as a catalyst. The terpolymers prepared were characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR, 13C NMR, WXRD and DSC. The hydrolysis tests were carried out to appraise the degradability of the copolymers.展开更多
The first successful lithium bromide mediated solvent free condensation of arylenediamine and esters to obtain 2-substituted benzimidazole and imidazopyridine in good to excellent yields is described.
In this paper,aliphatic amidediol was synthesized and mixed with glycerol used as a plasticizer for preparing thermoplastic starch(AGPTPS).The yield of aliphatic amidediol was 91%.FF-IR expressed that the mixture of...In this paper,aliphatic amidediol was synthesized and mixed with glycerol used as a plasticizer for preparing thermoplastic starch(AGPTPS).The yield of aliphatic amidediol was 91%.FF-IR expressed that the mixture of aliphatic amidediol and glycerol formed stronger and stable hydrogen bond with starch molecules compared to the native cornstarch.By scanning electron microscope(SEM)native cornstarch granules were proved to transfer to a homogeneous continuous system.After being stored for a period time at room temperature,the mechanical properties of AGPTPS were also studied.As a mixed plasticizer,aliphatic amidediol and glycerol would be practical to extend TPS application scopes.展开更多
Poly(lactic acid) and its copolymers are regarded as the most useful biomaterials. The good biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical properties of them make the synthetic biodegradable polymers have primary...Poly(lactic acid) and its copolymers are regarded as the most useful biomaterials. The good biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical properties of them make the synthetic biodegradable polymers have primary application to tissue engineering. The advantages and disadvantages of the synthetic biodegradable polymers as cell scaffold materials are evaluated. This article reviews the modification of polylactide-family aliphatic polymers to improve the cell affinity when the polymers are used as cell scaffolds. We have developed four main approaches: to modify polyester cell scaffolds in combination of plasma treating and collagen coating; to introduce hydrophilic segments into aliphatic polyester backbones; to introduce pendant functional groups into polyester chains; to modify polyester with dextran. The results of the cell cultures prove that the approaches mentioned above have improved the cell affinity of the polyesters and have modulated cell function such as adhesion, proliferation and migration.展开更多
Three new Zn(Ⅱ) coordination polymers, namely [Zn2(suc)2(bib)2]n·nH2 O(1), [Zn(glu)(bib)]n·4 nH2 O(2), and [Zn(adp)(bib)]n(3)(bib = 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)butane, H2 suc = succinic acid...Three new Zn(Ⅱ) coordination polymers, namely [Zn2(suc)2(bib)2]n·nH2 O(1), [Zn(glu)(bib)]n·4 nH2 O(2), and [Zn(adp)(bib)]n(3)(bib = 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)butane, H2 suc = succinic acid, H2 glu = glutaric acid, H2 adp = adipic acid) have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Compound 1 features a 3D framework with 4-connected hxg-d topological network, compound 2 is comprised of 2D 44-sql-type sheets, and the adjacent 2D sheets are further packed into a 3D supramolecular architecture via intermolecular hydrogenbonding interactions, and compound 3 is a 3D framework with 4-fold interpenetrating dia topology. The structural comparison of these three compounds demonstrates that the topological variations can be well controlled by employing aliphatic dicarboxylate ligands with different spacer lengths. Moreover, the thermal stabilities and photoluminescent properties of them were also studied in detail.展开更多
CO2-copolymer based polyurethane foams were synthesized and characterized in this paper. The foams were found to have higher strength and lower heat of combustion than the conventional polyether polyurethane foams. ...CO2-copolymer based polyurethane foams were synthesized and characterized in this paper. The foams were found to have higher strength and lower heat of combustion than the conventional polyether polyurethane foams. They may find wide applications in many fields.展开更多
The crystalline phase transition of aliphatic nylon 10/10 has been investigated on the basis of the simultaneous measurement of wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scatterings, the infrared spectral measurement and the m...The crystalline phase transition of aliphatic nylon 10/10 has been investigated on the basis of the simultaneous measurement of wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scatterings, the infrared spectral measurement and the molecular dynamics calculation. An interpretation of infrared spectra taken for a series of nylon samples and the corresponding model compounds was successfully made, allowing us to assign the infrared bands of the planar-zigzag methylene segments reasonably. As a result the methylene segmental parts of molecular chains were found to experience an order-to-disorder transition in the Brill transition region, where the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are kept alive although the bond strength becomes weaker at higher temperature. The small-angle X-ray scattering data revealed a slight change in lamellar stacking mode in the transition region. The crystal structure has been found to change more remarkably in the temperature region immediately below the melting point, where the conformationally disordered chains experienced drastic rotational and translational motions without any constraints by hydrogen bonds, and the lamellar thickness increased largely along the chain axis. These experimental results were reasonably reproduced by the molecular dynamics calculation performed at the various temperatures.展开更多
Disulfide bond-bridging strategy has been extensively utilized to construct tumor specificity-responsive aliphatic prodrug nanoparticles(PNPs) for precise cancer therapy. Yet, there is no research shedding light on th...Disulfide bond-bridging strategy has been extensively utilized to construct tumor specificity-responsive aliphatic prodrug nanoparticles(PNPs) for precise cancer therapy. Yet, there is no research shedding light on the impacts of the saturation and cis-trans configuration of aliphatic tails on the self-assembly capacity of disulfide bond-linked prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs. Herein, five disulfide bond-linked docetaxelfatty acid prodrugs are designed and synthesized by using stearic acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid as the aliphatic tails, respectively. Interestingly, the cistrans configuration of aliphatic tails significantly influences the self-assembly features of prodrugs, and elaidic acid-linked prodrug with a trans double bond show poor self-assembly capacity. Although the aliphatic tails have almost no effect on the redox-sensitive drug release and cytotoxicity, different aliphatic tails significantly influence the chemical stability of prodrugs and the colloidal stability of PNPs, thus affecting the in vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and antitumor efficacy of PNPs. Our findings illustrate how aliphatic tails affect the assembly characteristic of disulfide bond-linked aliphatic prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs, and thus provide theoretical basis for future development of disulfide bond-bridged aliphatic prodrugs.展开更多
The effects of the structure of typical cations and anions of ionic liquids on the separation of benzene and toluene from aromatic/paraffin mixtures were studied. The .results showed that the corresponding separation ...The effects of the structure of typical cations and anions of ionic liquids on the separation of benzene and toluene from aromatic/paraffin mixtures were studied. The .results showed that the corresponding separation factors were considerably larger than those of the traditional solvents (Benzene+Hexane+sulfolane), and that the ionic liquids could be used as novel solvents for the separation of aromatics from hydrocarbon mixtures. The key parameters governing the ability of ionic liquids for separating aromatics from hydrocarbon sources were investigated. It was found that the effectiveness of the ionic liquids, based on the same anion, changed in the cation order of [BIqu]^+〈 [BPy]^+〈 [BMIM]^+. The selectivity of the ionic liquid toward aromatics decreased apparently with the increasing length of the substituted alkyl chain of its cationic head ring. The separation factors, based on the same cation, changed in the anion order of [Tf2N]^-〈[PF6]^-〈[BF4]^-〈[C2H5SO4]^-. The solubilities of the aromatics were greater in the ionic liquids based on the former three anions than that in the ionic liquids involving [C2H5SO4]^-.展开更多
Allopolyploid Brassica juncea is particularly enriched in sinigrin,a kind of 3C aliphatic glucosinolates(GSLs),giving rise to characteristic taste after picking.However,the molecular mechanism underlying 3C aliphatic ...Allopolyploid Brassica juncea is particularly enriched in sinigrin,a kind of 3C aliphatic glucosinolates(GSLs),giving rise to characteristic taste after picking.However,the molecular mechanism underlying 3C aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis in this species remains unknown.In this study,we genome-widely identified GSLs metabolic genes,indicating different evolutionary rate of GSLs metabolic genes between subgenomes of B.juncea.Eight methythioalkylmalate synthase(MAMs)homologs were identified from B.juncea,in which six MAM1s were located in chloroplast and the other two were not detected with any expression.Furthermore,BjMAM1-4,BjMAM1-5,and BjMAM1-6 displayed higher expression levels in leaves than other tissues.Silenced expression analysis revealed that BjMAM1-4 and BjMAM1-6 function in 3C and 4C aliphatic GSLs accumulation.The specificity of the substrate selection for the second cycle reaction is much lower than that of the first cycle,suggesting these genes may preferentially catalyze 3C aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis.Our study provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of 3C aliphatic GSLs,thereby facilitating the manipulation of aliphatic GSLs content in B.juncea.展开更多
In this paper the miscibility of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and aliphatic polycarbonate (APC) is studied by using DSC. The results show that PCL and APC are miscible in all ranges of composition. The interaction par...In this paper the miscibility of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and aliphatic polycarbonate (APC) is studied by using DSC. The results show that PCL and APC are miscible in all ranges of composition. The interaction parameter between the polymers is calculated from the melting point depression data. Using optical microscope, the shapes of the PCL spherulites in the blends are observed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125802,22078010).
文摘The separation of aromatics from aliphatics is essential for achieving maximum exploitation of oil resources in the petrochemical industry.In this study,a series of metal chloride-based ionic liquids were prepared and their performances in the separation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene(tetralin)/dodecane and tetralin/decalin systems were studied.Among these ionic liquids,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate([EMIM][FeCl_(4)])with the highest selectivity was used as the extractant.Density functional theory calculations showed that[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]interacted more strongly with tetralin than with dodecane and decalin.Energy decomposition analysis of[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]-tetralin indicated that electrostatics and dispersion played essential roles,and induction cannot be neglected.The van der Waals forces was a main effect in[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]-tetralin by independent gradient model analysis.The tetralin distribution coefficient and selectivity were 0.8 and 110,respectively,with 10%(mol)tetralin in the initial tetralin/dodecane system,and 0.67 and 19.5,respectively,with 10%(mol)tetralin in the initial tetralin/decalin system.The selectivity increased with decreasing alkyl chain length of the extractant.The influence of the extraction temperature,extractant dosage,and initial concentrations of the system components on the separation performance were studied.Recycling experiments showed that the regenerated[EMIM][FeCl_(4)]could be used repeatedly.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22178008, 22125801)Petrochina (2022DJ6004)。
文摘The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is crucial in the petrochemical industry.Pervaporation is regarded as a promising approach for the separation of aromatic compounds from alkanes. Developing membrane materials with efficient separation performance is still the main task since the membrane should provide chemical stability, high permeation flux, and selectivity. In this study, the hyperbranched polymer(HBP) was deposited on the outer surface of a polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membrane by a facile dip-coating method. The dip-coating rate, HBP concentration, and thermal cross-linking temperature were regulated to optimize the membrane structure.The obtained HBP/PVDF hollow-fiber-composite membrane had a good separation performance for aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures. For the 50%/50%(mass) toluene/n-heptane mixture, the permeation flux of optimized composite membranes could reach 1766 g·m^(-2)·h^(-1), with a separation factor of 4.1 at 60℃. Therefore, the HBP/PVDF hollow-fiber-composite membrane has great application prospects in the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U1704251 and 21733011)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0403101)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan province (No.202300410220)the 111 Project (No.D17007)。
文摘Disulfide zirconium(ZrS_(2)) is a two-dimensional(2D) transition metal disulfide and has given rise to extensive attention because of its distinctive electronic structure and properties.However,mass production of high quality of ZrS_(2)nanosheets to realize their practical application remains a challenge.Here,we have successfully exfoliated the bulk ZrS_(2)powder with the thickness of micron into single and few-layer nanosheets through liquid-phase exfoliation in N-methylpyrrolidone(NMP) assisted via aliphatic amines as intercalators.It is found that the exfoliation yield is as high as 27.3%,which is the record value for the exfoliation of ZrS_(2)nanosheets from bulk ZrS_(2)powder,and 77.1% of ZrS_(2)nanosheets are 2-3 layers.The molecular geometric size and aliphatic amine basicity have important impact on the exfoliation.Furthermore,the ZrS_(2)nanosheets have been used as catalyst in the electrocatalytic dinitrogen reduction with the NH3yield of 57.75 μg h^(-1)mg_(cat.)^(-1),which is twice that by ZrS_(2)nanofibers reported in literature and three times that by the bulk ZrS_(2)powder.Therefore,the liquid phase exfoliation strategy reported here has great potential in mass production of ZrS_(2)nanosheets for high activity electrocatalysis.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41872131。
文摘The geochemical signatures of fifty-four rock samples and three supplementary drill stem test(DST)oils from the Yacheng-Sanya formations in the central Qiongdongnan Basin(CQB)were analysed.Reconstruction of the early Oligocene-early Miocene(36–16 Ma)palaeovegetation and source analyses of organic matter(OM)were conducted using aliphatic biomarkers in ancient sediments and DST oils.Both the interpreted aquatic and terrigenous OM contributed to the CQB source rocks(SRs)but had varying relative proportions.The four distribution patterns derived from n-alkanes,terpanes,and steranes are representative of four OM composition models of the Yacheng-Sanya SRs,including model A,model B,model C,and model D,which were classified based on the increasing contribution from terrigenous OM relative to aquatic OM.Some terrigenous higher plantderived biomarkers,including oleanane,des-A-oleanane,C_(29)ααα20R sterane,bicadinanes,the C_(19)/(C_(19)+C_(23))tricyclic terpane ratio,and other n-alkane-derived ratios suggest that angiosperms had increased proportions in the palaeoflora from early Oligocene to early Miocene,and the bloom of terrigenous higher plants was observed during deposition of upper Lingshui Formation to lower Sanya Formation.These findings are consistent with the incremental total organic carbon and free hydrocarbons+potential hydrocarbons(S_1+S_2)in the lower Lingshuilower Sanya strata with a significant enrichment of OM in the E_3l_1-N_1s_2 shales.The maturity-and environmentsensitive aliphatic parameters of the CQB SRs and DST oils suggest that all the samples have predominantly reached their early oil-generation windows but have not exceeded the peak oil windows,except for some immature Sanya Formation shales.In addition,most of the OM in the analysed samples was characterised by mixed OM contributions under anoxic to sub-anoxic conditions.Furthermore,terrestrial-dominant SRs were interpreted to have developed mainly in the Lingshui-Sanya formations and were deposited in sub-oxic to oxic environments,compared to the anoxic to sub-anoxic conditions of the Yacheng Formation.
文摘The title organometallic compounds were synthesized by the condensation of formyl and acetyl ferrocene with cyanoacetyl, propionyl, butyryl, o furoyl, o thiofuroyl and m pyridinecarboxy hydrazine in anhydrous ethanol under reflux. The IR, 1H NMR, MS, and Mssbauer spectra for these compounds were recorded and are discussed.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0901500)National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21606127,Grant No.21706126)Jiangsu synergetic innovation center for advanced bio-manufacture(Grant No.XTB1802,Grant No.XTE1844).
文摘Bio-based diamines are considered to be a promising alternative to traditional fossil-fuel-based diamines,the important platform chemical for the synthesis of polymer materials.In this review,the current status of the art of the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic diamines from renewable biomass are considered.In the case of aliphatic diamines,we describe strategies for biologically producing diamines with different carbon numbers including 1,3-diaminopropane,1,4-butanediamine,1,5-pentanediamine,1,6-diaminohexane,1,8-diaminooctane,1,10-diaminodecane,and 1,12-diaminododecane.In addition,aromatic diamines produced from various kinds of renewable biomass,including lignin,cashew nut shell,and terpenoids,are reviewed here.Furthermore,the application of typical diamines in synthesis of polyurethane and polyamide are also reviewed.
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Yan’an University(YDBK2017-26)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2018JQ4047)the Young Talent fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(20170704)
文摘A decomposition experiment of Populus purdomii litter,a commonly used afforestation species in the Qinling Mountains,China,was conducted.Water extracts of five conifer litters were used to treat P.purdomii litter and its soil.The P.purdomii litter was incubated at room temperature(20–25℃)and constant soil moisture for 6 months.During the decomposition period,the dynamics of litter mass and nutrient contents were detected to investigate the impacts of plant secondary metabolites.The results indicate that litter extracts of Pinus tabuliformis,Platycladus orientalis,Pinus armandii and Larix principisrupprechtii significantly inhibited the overall nutrient release of P.purdomii litter,while the last three types of litter extracts simultaneously inhibited its decomposition.Conversely,the litter extracts of Picea asperata significantly accelerated the overall nutrient release of P.purdomii.Generally,most of the conifer species,whose litter released terpenoids,phenolics,steroids,and aliphatic acids,will inhibit the decomposition and/or nutrient release from P.purdomii litter.Their negative effects on the decomposers and soil enzymatic activities indicates that planting diversity should be lower when mixed planted with P.purdomii.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2009AA044701)the Program for Zhejiang Leading Team of S&T Innovation(2013TD07)
文摘To get deep understanding of the reaction mechanism of coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma, the decomposition reaction pathways of aliphatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes, which are two main components in volatiles from coal, were investigated. Methane and cyclohexane were chosen as the model compounds. Density functional theory was employed, and many reaction pathways were involved. Calculations were carried out in Gaussian 09 at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of the theory. The results indicate that the main pyrolysis products of methane and cyclohexane in hydrogen plasma are both hydrogen and acetylene, and the participation of active hydrogen atoms makes dehydrogenation reactions more favorable. H2 mainly comes from dehydrogenation process, while many reaction pathways are responsible for acetylene formation. During coal pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma, three main components in volatiles like aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons lead to the formation of hydrogen and acetylene, but their contributions to products distribution are different.
文摘A new degradable aliphatic poly(butylene-co-e-caprolactone carbonate) (PBCL) was synthesized through the terpolymerization of carbon dioxide, 1,2-butylene oxide (BO) and e-caprolactone (CL), a polymer supported bimetallic complex (PBM) was used as a catalyst. The terpolymers prepared were characterized by FT-IR,1H NMR, 13C NMR, WXRD and DSC. The hydrolysis tests were carried out to appraise the degradability of the copolymers.
文摘The first successful lithium bromide mediated solvent free condensation of arylenediamine and esters to obtain 2-substituted benzimidazole and imidazopyridine in good to excellent yields is described.
文摘In this paper,aliphatic amidediol was synthesized and mixed with glycerol used as a plasticizer for preparing thermoplastic starch(AGPTPS).The yield of aliphatic amidediol was 91%.FF-IR expressed that the mixture of aliphatic amidediol and glycerol formed stronger and stable hydrogen bond with starch molecules compared to the native cornstarch.By scanning electron microscope(SEM)native cornstarch granules were proved to transfer to a homogeneous continuous system.After being stored for a period time at room temperature,the mechanical properties of AGPTPS were also studied.As a mixed plasticizer,aliphatic amidediol and glycerol would be practical to extend TPS application scopes.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program (No.G1990 5 4 30 5 )
文摘Poly(lactic acid) and its copolymers are regarded as the most useful biomaterials. The good biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical properties of them make the synthetic biodegradable polymers have primary application to tissue engineering. The advantages and disadvantages of the synthetic biodegradable polymers as cell scaffold materials are evaluated. This article reviews the modification of polylactide-family aliphatic polymers to improve the cell affinity when the polymers are used as cell scaffolds. We have developed four main approaches: to modify polyester cell scaffolds in combination of plasma treating and collagen coating; to introduce hydrophilic segments into aliphatic polyester backbones; to introduce pendant functional groups into polyester chains; to modify polyester with dextran. The results of the cell cultures prove that the approaches mentioned above have improved the cell affinity of the polyesters and have modulated cell function such as adhesion, proliferation and migration.
基金Supported by the"Strategic Priority Research Program"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA09030102)National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0307301)the Science Foundation of Fujian Province
文摘Three new Zn(Ⅱ) coordination polymers, namely [Zn2(suc)2(bib)2]n·nH2 O(1), [Zn(glu)(bib)]n·4 nH2 O(2), and [Zn(adp)(bib)]n(3)(bib = 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)butane, H2 suc = succinic acid, H2 glu = glutaric acid, H2 adp = adipic acid) have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Compound 1 features a 3D framework with 4-connected hxg-d topological network, compound 2 is comprised of 2D 44-sql-type sheets, and the adjacent 2D sheets are further packed into a 3D supramolecular architecture via intermolecular hydrogenbonding interactions, and compound 3 is a 3D framework with 4-fold interpenetrating dia topology. The structural comparison of these three compounds demonstrates that the topological variations can be well controlled by employing aliphatic dicarboxylate ligands with different spacer lengths. Moreover, the thermal stabilities and photoluminescent properties of them were also studied in detail.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20274053).
文摘CO2-copolymer based polyurethane foams were synthesized and characterized in this paper. The foams were found to have higher strength and lower heat of combustion than the conventional polyether polyurethane foams. They may find wide applications in many fields.
基金This study was supported financially by the MEXT "Collaboration with Local Communities" Project (2005-2009).
文摘The crystalline phase transition of aliphatic nylon 10/10 has been investigated on the basis of the simultaneous measurement of wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scatterings, the infrared spectral measurement and the molecular dynamics calculation. An interpretation of infrared spectra taken for a series of nylon samples and the corresponding model compounds was successfully made, allowing us to assign the infrared bands of the planar-zigzag methylene segments reasonably. As a result the methylene segmental parts of molecular chains were found to experience an order-to-disorder transition in the Brill transition region, where the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are kept alive although the bond strength becomes weaker at higher temperature. The small-angle X-ray scattering data revealed a slight change in lamellar stacking mode in the transition region. The crystal structure has been found to change more remarkably in the temperature region immediately below the melting point, where the conformationally disordered chains experienced drastic rotational and translational motions without any constraints by hydrogen bonds, and the lamellar thickness increased largely along the chain axis. These experimental results were reasonably reproduced by the molecular dynamics calculation performed at the various temperatures.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81703451 and 81773656)the Excellent Youth Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2020-YQ-06)+2 种基金the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1808017 and XLYC1907129)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670794)the Science and Technology Major Project of Liaoning(No.2019JH1/10300004)。
文摘Disulfide bond-bridging strategy has been extensively utilized to construct tumor specificity-responsive aliphatic prodrug nanoparticles(PNPs) for precise cancer therapy. Yet, there is no research shedding light on the impacts of the saturation and cis-trans configuration of aliphatic tails on the self-assembly capacity of disulfide bond-linked prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs. Herein, five disulfide bond-linked docetaxelfatty acid prodrugs are designed and synthesized by using stearic acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid as the aliphatic tails, respectively. Interestingly, the cistrans configuration of aliphatic tails significantly influences the self-assembly features of prodrugs, and elaidic acid-linked prodrug with a trans double bond show poor self-assembly capacity. Although the aliphatic tails have almost no effect on the redox-sensitive drug release and cytotoxicity, different aliphatic tails significantly influence the chemical stability of prodrugs and the colloidal stability of PNPs, thus affecting the in vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and antitumor efficacy of PNPs. Our findings illustrate how aliphatic tails affect the assembly characteristic of disulfide bond-linked aliphatic prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs, and thus provide theoretical basis for future development of disulfide bond-bridged aliphatic prodrugs.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20276037)the CNPC Innovation Foundation(03E7016)for financial support.
文摘The effects of the structure of typical cations and anions of ionic liquids on the separation of benzene and toluene from aromatic/paraffin mixtures were studied. The .results showed that the corresponding separation factors were considerably larger than those of the traditional solvents (Benzene+Hexane+sulfolane), and that the ionic liquids could be used as novel solvents for the separation of aromatics from hydrocarbon mixtures. The key parameters governing the ability of ionic liquids for separating aromatics from hydrocarbon sources were investigated. It was found that the effectiveness of the ionic liquids, based on the same anion, changed in the cation order of [BIqu]^+〈 [BPy]^+〈 [BMIM]^+. The selectivity of the ionic liquid toward aromatics decreased apparently with the increasing length of the substituted alkyl chain of its cationic head ring. The separation factors, based on the same cation, changed in the anion order of [Tf2N]^-〈[PF6]^-〈[BF4]^-〈[C2H5SO4]^-. The solubilities of the aromatics were greater in the ionic liquids based on the former three anions than that in the ionic liquids involving [C2H5SO4]^-.
基金The authors thank Prof.Q.Wang for GSLs analysis.This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant no.LZ20C150002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.31872095).
文摘Allopolyploid Brassica juncea is particularly enriched in sinigrin,a kind of 3C aliphatic glucosinolates(GSLs),giving rise to characteristic taste after picking.However,the molecular mechanism underlying 3C aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis in this species remains unknown.In this study,we genome-widely identified GSLs metabolic genes,indicating different evolutionary rate of GSLs metabolic genes between subgenomes of B.juncea.Eight methythioalkylmalate synthase(MAMs)homologs were identified from B.juncea,in which six MAM1s were located in chloroplast and the other two were not detected with any expression.Furthermore,BjMAM1-4,BjMAM1-5,and BjMAM1-6 displayed higher expression levels in leaves than other tissues.Silenced expression analysis revealed that BjMAM1-4 and BjMAM1-6 function in 3C and 4C aliphatic GSLs accumulation.The specificity of the substrate selection for the second cycle reaction is much lower than that of the first cycle,suggesting these genes may preferentially catalyze 3C aliphatic GSLs biosynthesis.Our study provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of 3C aliphatic GSLs,thereby facilitating the manipulation of aliphatic GSLs content in B.juncea.
基金The subject supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In this paper the miscibility of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and aliphatic polycarbonate (APC) is studied by using DSC. The results show that PCL and APC are miscible in all ranges of composition. The interaction parameter between the polymers is calculated from the melting point depression data. Using optical microscope, the shapes of the PCL spherulites in the blends are observed.