对福建五种高变质煤(永安、加福、尤溪、大田及永春煤)催化气化后的含碱灰渣进行煅烧脱碱研究。灰渣中碱含量随煅烧温度的升高及煅烧时间的延长而降低,870℃煅烧30 m in^40 m in灰渣中碱含量趋于定值,脱碱率均达90%以上;X射线粉晶衍射...对福建五种高变质煤(永安、加福、尤溪、大田及永春煤)催化气化后的含碱灰渣进行煅烧脱碱研究。灰渣中碱含量随煅烧温度的升高及煅烧时间的延长而降低,870℃煅烧30 m in^40 m in灰渣中碱含量趋于定值,脱碱率均达90%以上;X射线粉晶衍射及能谱分析表明,脱碱过程的实质是含碱灰渣中被活化的主要物质S iO2、A l2O3与灰渣中的碱性物质Na2O发生化学反应,生成难溶于水的钠铝复合硅酸盐的固相反应过程;表观动力学研究结果表明,该脱碱反应属一级反应,反应速率常数随煤渣中硅铝比的增加而增大,给出的反应速率常数随煤渣中硅铝比变化的关系方程,相关系数为0.99175,可用以预测任一已知含碱煤渣或不同S i/A l比的煤渣在不同煅烧温度下的脱碱反应速率常数,得出最佳的煅烧脱碱时间,为"煤催化气化-煅烧脱碱"集成式工艺工业应用提供基础数据。展开更多
The relationship between the improvement of sludge dewaterability and variation of organic matters has been studied in the process of sludge pre-conditioning with modified cinder, especially for extracellular polymeri...The relationship between the improvement of sludge dewaterability and variation of organic matters has been studied in the process of sludge pre-conditioning with modified cinder, especially for extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） in the sludge. During the conditioning process, the decreases of total organic carbon （TOC） and soluble chemical oxygen demand （SCOD） were obviously in the supernatant especially for the acid modified cinder （ACMC）, which could be attributed to the processes of adsorption and sweeping. The reduction of polysaccharide and protein in supernatant indicated that ACMC might adsorb EPS so that the tightly bound EPS （TB-EPS） decreased in sludge. In the case of ACMC addition with 24 g·L^-1, SRF of the sludge decreased from 7.85 × 10^12 m·kg^-1 to 2.06× 10^12 m·kg^-1, and the filter cake moisture decreased from 85% to 60%. The reconstruction of ＂floc mass＂ was confirmed as the main sludge conditioning mechanism. ACMC promoted the dewatering performance through the charge neutralization and adsorption bridging with the negative EPS, and provided firm and dense structure for sludge floc as skeleton builder. The passages for water quick transmitting were built to avoid collapsing during the high-pressure process.展开更多
文摘对福建五种高变质煤(永安、加福、尤溪、大田及永春煤)催化气化后的含碱灰渣进行煅烧脱碱研究。灰渣中碱含量随煅烧温度的升高及煅烧时间的延长而降低,870℃煅烧30 m in^40 m in灰渣中碱含量趋于定值,脱碱率均达90%以上;X射线粉晶衍射及能谱分析表明,脱碱过程的实质是含碱灰渣中被活化的主要物质S iO2、A l2O3与灰渣中的碱性物质Na2O发生化学反应,生成难溶于水的钠铝复合硅酸盐的固相反应过程;表观动力学研究结果表明,该脱碱反应属一级反应,反应速率常数随煤渣中硅铝比的增加而增大,给出的反应速率常数随煤渣中硅铝比变化的关系方程,相关系数为0.99175,可用以预测任一已知含碱煤渣或不同S i/A l比的煤渣在不同煅烧温度下的脱碱反应速率常数,得出最佳的煅烧脱碱时间,为"煤催化气化-煅烧脱碱"集成式工艺工业应用提供基础数据。
基金Acknowledgements Support for this research is provided by the National Science ＆ Technology Pillar Program of China （No. 212BAC05B02）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 5117834 and 5378141）, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, Ministry of Education of China （Grant No. NCET-13-0180）, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Foundation （Grant No. PCRRF13003）, Postdoctoral Science-Research Developmental Foundation of Heilongjiang Province （Grant No. LBH-Q12107）, and the National Engineer Research Center of Urban Water Resources.
文摘The relationship between the improvement of sludge dewaterability and variation of organic matters has been studied in the process of sludge pre-conditioning with modified cinder, especially for extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） in the sludge. During the conditioning process, the decreases of total organic carbon （TOC） and soluble chemical oxygen demand （SCOD） were obviously in the supernatant especially for the acid modified cinder （ACMC）, which could be attributed to the processes of adsorption and sweeping. The reduction of polysaccharide and protein in supernatant indicated that ACMC might adsorb EPS so that the tightly bound EPS （TB-EPS） decreased in sludge. In the case of ACMC addition with 24 g·L^-1, SRF of the sludge decreased from 7.85 × 10^12 m·kg^-1 to 2.06× 10^12 m·kg^-1, and the filter cake moisture decreased from 85% to 60%. The reconstruction of ＂floc mass＂ was confirmed as the main sludge conditioning mechanism. ACMC promoted the dewatering performance through the charge neutralization and adsorption bridging with the negative EPS, and provided firm and dense structure for sludge floc as skeleton builder. The passages for water quick transmitting were built to avoid collapsing during the high-pressure process.
