Allantoin as the metabolite of purine catabolism can store and remobilize nitrogen for plant growth and development.However,emerging evidence suggests it also contributes to plant tolerance to stress response through ...Allantoin as the metabolite of purine catabolism can store and remobilize nitrogen for plant growth and development.However,emerging evidence suggests it also contributes to plant tolerance to stress response through altering abscisic acid(ABA)and reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.1-CYS PEROXIREDOXIN(PER1)is a seed-specific antioxidant that enhances seed longevity through scavenging ROS over-accumulation.High temperature(HT)suppresses seed germination and induces seed secondary dormancy,called as seed germination thermoinhibition.However,the mechanism that allantoin and PER1 regulate seed germination thermoinhibition remains unknown.In this study,we reported that allantoin treatment enhances seed germination under HT stress.Consistently,the aln mutants displayed higher seed germination,as well as more accumulation of endogenous allantoin,than that of wild-type control.Further biochemical and genetic analyses showed that allantoin reduces ABA content under HT,and allantoin targets PER1 to efficiently scavenge HT-induced ROS accumulation,meanwhile,the function of allantoin requires PER1 during seed gemination thermotolerance.Collectively,our finding proposes a novel function of allantoin in enhancing seed germination tolerance to HT,and uncovers the underlying mechanism by which allantoin regulates seed germination through altering ABA metabolism and PER1-mediated ROS level under HT stress.展开更多
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of allantoin in cisplatin‐induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats weighing 160‐200 g were used. Neuropathy was in...Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of allantoin in cisplatin‐induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats weighing 160‐200 g were used. Neuropathy was induced by injecting cisplatin (2 mg/kg, ip, twice a week for 6 weeks) and the rats were concurrently treated with allantoin (200 and 400 mg/kg, po) for 8 weeks. At the end of the study, body weight and hemogram were measured. Behavioural tests were performed, including tests for cold and hot hyperalgesia, motor co‐ordination, locomotor activity, mechano‐tactile allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia. The rats were then sacrificed and sciatic nerve conduction velocity was determined. The antioxidant enzyme and nitric oxide levels in sciatic nerve homogenates were measured. Results: In this study, allantoin restored the motor nerve conduction velocity deficits induced by cisplatin, and the allantoin‐treated rats showed improvement in cold and thermal hyperalgesia, mechano‐tactile allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia. Allantoin treatment also improved the rats’ hematological status, increasing haemoglobin, platelet and RBC counts compared to the cisplatin‐treated group. Allantoin treatment also mitigated the functional abnormalities seen in the cisplatin neuropathy group, protecting neurons from the neurotoxic effects of cisplatin. Conclusion: Allantoin shows promise for use as an adjuvant drug in cancer treatment to protect against cisplatin‐induced neuropathy.展开更多
In legume plants, uricase gene （Nodulin-35） plays a positive role in metabolism of ureide and amide compounds in symbiotic nitrogen-fixing in the nodules. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to examine the...In legume plants, uricase gene （Nodulin-35） plays a positive role in metabolism of ureide and amide compounds in symbiotic nitrogen-fixing in the nodules. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to examine the effects of ammonium application on the transcription of MsU2 gene and distribution of major nitrogen compounds in alfalfa Medicago sativa. Data showed that alfalfa plant has a significant difference in contents of nitrogen compounds in xylem saps compared with soybean plant, and belongs to typical amide type legume plants with little ureide accumulation, and the accumulation of asparagines and ureide in the tissues of alfalfa is mainly gathered in the nodules. Northern blotting showed that excessive ammonium significantly inhibited the transcription of MsU2 gene in the nodules and roots, and mRNA accumulation of MsU2 gene in the plants exposed to excessive ammonium decreased gradually with culture time extension, indicating that application of ammonium significantly inhibited the transcription of MsU2 gene in the alfalfa plants. Although the application of exces- sive ammonium increased the contents of amino acids in various tissues of alfalfa, the accumulation of allantoin reflecting the strength of uricase activity is remarkably reduced in the xylem saps, stems and nodules when alfalfa plants exposed to excessive ammonium, suggesting that application of excessive ammonium generated a negative effect on symbiosis fixing-nitrogen system due to inhibition of ammonium ion on uricase activity in the nodules of alfalfa. This result seems to imply that application of excessive ammonium in legume plants should not be proposed to avoid affecting the ability of fixing nitrogen in the nodules of legume plants, and reasonable dose of ammonium should be recommended to effectively utilize the fixed N from atmosphere in legume plant production.展开更多
Allantoin was synthesized with the yield as high as 68.5% using H3PW12O40. xH(2)O as catalyst. Optimum conditions for the synthesis were determined. It. was found that the heteropoly compound has higher catalytic acti...Allantoin was synthesized with the yield as high as 68.5% using H3PW12O40. xH(2)O as catalyst. Optimum conditions for the synthesis were determined. It. was found that the heteropoly compound has higher catalytic activity than conventional inorganic acid catalysts (such as hydrochloric acid, etc.)展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32170562).
文摘Allantoin as the metabolite of purine catabolism can store and remobilize nitrogen for plant growth and development.However,emerging evidence suggests it also contributes to plant tolerance to stress response through altering abscisic acid(ABA)and reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.1-CYS PEROXIREDOXIN(PER1)is a seed-specific antioxidant that enhances seed longevity through scavenging ROS over-accumulation.High temperature(HT)suppresses seed germination and induces seed secondary dormancy,called as seed germination thermoinhibition.However,the mechanism that allantoin and PER1 regulate seed germination thermoinhibition remains unknown.In this study,we reported that allantoin treatment enhances seed germination under HT stress.Consistently,the aln mutants displayed higher seed germination,as well as more accumulation of endogenous allantoin,than that of wild-type control.Further biochemical and genetic analyses showed that allantoin reduces ABA content under HT,and allantoin targets PER1 to efficiently scavenge HT-induced ROS accumulation,meanwhile,the function of allantoin requires PER1 during seed gemination thermotolerance.Collectively,our finding proposes a novel function of allantoin in enhancing seed germination tolerance to HT,and uncovers the underlying mechanism by which allantoin regulates seed germination through altering ABA metabolism and PER1-mediated ROS level under HT stress.
文摘Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of allantoin in cisplatin‐induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats weighing 160‐200 g were used. Neuropathy was induced by injecting cisplatin (2 mg/kg, ip, twice a week for 6 weeks) and the rats were concurrently treated with allantoin (200 and 400 mg/kg, po) for 8 weeks. At the end of the study, body weight and hemogram were measured. Behavioural tests were performed, including tests for cold and hot hyperalgesia, motor co‐ordination, locomotor activity, mechano‐tactile allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia. The rats were then sacrificed and sciatic nerve conduction velocity was determined. The antioxidant enzyme and nitric oxide levels in sciatic nerve homogenates were measured. Results: In this study, allantoin restored the motor nerve conduction velocity deficits induced by cisplatin, and the allantoin‐treated rats showed improvement in cold and thermal hyperalgesia, mechano‐tactile allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia. Allantoin treatment also improved the rats’ hematological status, increasing haemoglobin, platelet and RBC counts compared to the cisplatin‐treated group. Allantoin treatment also mitigated the functional abnormalities seen in the cisplatin neuropathy group, protecting neurons from the neurotoxic effects of cisplatin. Conclusion: Allantoin shows promise for use as an adjuvant drug in cancer treatment to protect against cisplatin‐induced neuropathy.
基金supported by the Specific Grant of Excellent Talent Introduction in Shanxi, China (SXSGETI-2010)the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (IARRP-2014-403-15)
文摘In legume plants, uricase gene （Nodulin-35） plays a positive role in metabolism of ureide and amide compounds in symbiotic nitrogen-fixing in the nodules. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to examine the effects of ammonium application on the transcription of MsU2 gene and distribution of major nitrogen compounds in alfalfa Medicago sativa. Data showed that alfalfa plant has a significant difference in contents of nitrogen compounds in xylem saps compared with soybean plant, and belongs to typical amide type legume plants with little ureide accumulation, and the accumulation of asparagines and ureide in the tissues of alfalfa is mainly gathered in the nodules. Northern blotting showed that excessive ammonium significantly inhibited the transcription of MsU2 gene in the nodules and roots, and mRNA accumulation of MsU2 gene in the plants exposed to excessive ammonium decreased gradually with culture time extension, indicating that application of ammonium significantly inhibited the transcription of MsU2 gene in the alfalfa plants. Although the application of exces- sive ammonium increased the contents of amino acids in various tissues of alfalfa, the accumulation of allantoin reflecting the strength of uricase activity is remarkably reduced in the xylem saps, stems and nodules when alfalfa plants exposed to excessive ammonium, suggesting that application of excessive ammonium generated a negative effect on symbiosis fixing-nitrogen system due to inhibition of ammonium ion on uricase activity in the nodules of alfalfa. This result seems to imply that application of excessive ammonium in legume plants should not be proposed to avoid affecting the ability of fixing nitrogen in the nodules of legume plants, and reasonable dose of ammonium should be recommended to effectively utilize the fixed N from atmosphere in legume plant production.
文摘Allantoin was synthesized with the yield as high as 68.5% using H3PW12O40. xH(2)O as catalyst. Optimum conditions for the synthesis were determined. It. was found that the heteropoly compound has higher catalytic activity than conventional inorganic acid catalysts (such as hydrochloric acid, etc.)
