Allelopathy of Gaseous Volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus yunanensis

[ Objective] The paper was to understand allelopathy of gaseous volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum stems and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of P/nus yunnanens/s. [ Method] P. yunnanens/s seeds were treated by fresh stems and leaves of E. adenophorum in translucent airtight container under high concentration （0.069 4 g/cm3 ）, middle concentration （0.023 1 g/cm3 ） and lower concentration （0. 007 7 g/cm3 ）, respectively. [ Result] Gaseous volatiles affected seed germination process; with the increasing processing concentration, the day on which seeds began to germinate and the day reaching germination peak were delayed, and the germination quantity on the day reaching germination peak was decreased ; the day on which the germination quantity began to significantly re- duce was delayed ; the process curve was developed from sudden increase and sudden decrease to gentle change, and nearly became a beeline at high concentration. The effects of gaseous volatiles on seed germination （ seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index） and seedling growth （fresh weight, dry weight, radicle length, hypceotyl length） of P. yunnanens/s were basically consistent, showing a regularity that high concentration had stronger inhibition effect and the inhibition effect became weaker with the decreasing concentration of E. adenophorum. E. adenophorum was widely distributed under P. yunnanens/s forests, and might affect natural regeneration and growth of P. yunnanens/s via allelopathy. [ Conclusion ] The paper provides reference for scientific management of P. yunnanens/s forests.

A Preliminary Study on Allelopathy of Pogonatum inflexum Aqueous Extract

[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of Pogonatum inflexum aqueous extract on wheat seed germination and seedling growth to cladfy the possible allelopathic effects. [Method] With distilled water as control, wheat seeds were cultivated with the aqueous extract of P. inflexum gametophytes. After 7 days, the germination rate, root length, bud length, biomass and vigor index were determined. [Result] Middle and low concentration of P. inflexum aqueous extract significantly promoted the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat （P〈0.05）. With the in- creased concentration of the aqueous extract, the indexes all increased first and then decreased. The effect intensity of P. inflexum aqueous extract on root growth and biomass of wheat was stronger than that on bud growth. [Conclusion] Low-concentration P. inflexum aqueous extract promoted, while high-concentration Po inflexum aqueous extract inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth wheat.P, inflexum has a certain allelopathic potential, but the specific mechanism needs to be revealed and clarified by further research.

Allelopathic effects of extracts from Solidago canadensis L. against seed germination and seedling growth of some plants

To investigate the potential role of allelopathy in plant interference and in the successful invasion of alien species Solidago canadensis, aqueous and ethanolic extracts from rhizomes, stems and leaves of S. canadensis were prepared and used as treatment solutions to assess their effects on seed germination and seedling growth in four target species, mulberry （Morus alba）; morning glory （Pharbitis nil）, wheat （Triticum aestivum） and rape （Brassiea campestris）. Reduction and/or growth in germination and growth of the target plant species in the presence of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts at different concentrations indicated that the responses were species-specific and concentration-dependent. Generally, ethanolic extracts （especially from leaves） imposed stronger effects on both seed germination and seedling growth. Extracts with lower concentration at 0.001 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape and morning glory, whereas extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat and mulberry. It is suggested that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of all the three parts of S. canadensis have significant allelopathic effects. Although both inhibition and stimulation occurred in the germination and growth of the target species, extracts with higher concentrations definitely inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of all target plants. We suggest that allelopathy plays a more important role than other mechanisms do in the out-competition ofS. canadensis over other plants, and make it invasive in new habitats.

Allelopathic Effects of Extracts from Three Asteraceae Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Plants

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effects of the extracts of Asteraceae plants on plant seeds and seedlings.[Methods]The effects of the extracts of three Asteraceae plants(Erigeron annuus,Bidens pilosa and Inula japonica)on the seed germination and seedling growth of four plants(Setaria viridis,Erigeron canadensis,Chenopodium album and Lactuca sativa)were studied by the Petri dish filter paper method and bioassay method.[Results]Different concentrations(10,20,40,100,200 mg/ml)of the extracts of E.annuus,B.pilosa and I.japonica had different allelopathic effects on the seed germination of the same recipient plant,and with the increase of the concentrations of the extracts,the inhibitory effects were more significant.The extract of B.pilosa had the strongest inhibitory effect.The extracts at the low concentration(10 mg/ml)had no significant effects on the germination rates and germination energy of the four kinds of plant seeds.In terms of root growth and biomass,the extracts of E.annuus and I.japonica showed the effect of low promotion and high inhibition.Under the treatment with high concentrations(100,200 mg/ml)of the extracts from the three Asteraceae plants,the germination of plant seeds,plant root length,stem height and biomass were inhibited.With the concentrations of the extracts of the three Compositae plants increasing,the chlorophyll contents of the four plants showed a downward trend,and the activity of SOD,POD,CAT and other antioxidant protective enzymes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.[Conclusions]These three species of Asteraceae plants had certain allelopathic inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of the four kinds of plant seeds,including S.viridis,E.canadensis,C.album and L.sativa,and they have potential in the development of botanical herbicides or plant protection.

Effects of Water Extract of Erigeron canadensis L. on Seed Germination of Plants

[Objective] The paper was to explore the effect of water extract of Erigeron canadensis L. on seed germination of plants. [Method] Using constant temperature culture method, the effects of water extracts of roots, stems and leaves of E. canadensis on seed germination of 14 species of test plants （crops and weeds） were studied. [Result] Water extracts of roots, stems and leaves of E. canadensis had obvious inhibition effect on seed germination of test plants. The water extract of leaves had the strongest inhibition effect, which could completely inhibit the seed germination of Crepis tectorum L., Amaranthus tricolor L. and Chrysanthemum coronarium L. under the lower concentrations of 0.050 and 0.075 g/ml, and completely inhibit seed germination of all the plants under the concentration of 0.400 g/ml except Zea maize L. and Allium fistulosum L.; followed by water extract of stems, and the water extract of roots had the lowest the inhibition effect, except for completely restraining seed germination of Lycopersicum esculentum L. under the concentration of 0.300 g/ml, it still could not completely restrain seed germination of the other plants under the highest concentration of 0.500 g/ml. The inhibition effect of water extract of E. canadensis on seed germination of plants had obvious selectivity, which had more obvious effect on dicotyledonous plants than monocotyledonous plants. [Conclusion] The study provided reference for screening and utilization of allelochemicals of E. canadensis and research on its allelopathy mechanism.

稠李叶水浸提液对4种植物的化感作用

为探究稠李叶水浸提液对种子化感作用的影响,采用培养皿滤纸法研究了稠李叶水浸提液对4种受体植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,种子萌发中,稠李叶水浸提液对萝卜、白菜、白桦种子主要呈抑制作用,对王瓜种子作用不明显.幼苗生长中,稠李叶水浸提液对萝卜、王瓜幼苗根长主要呈现低促高抑,对其他受体植物的根长主要呈抑制作用;对4种植物幼苗的茎长总体均呈促进作用;对白菜、萝卜、王瓜根鲜质量的影响呈低促高抑的趋势;对萝卜、白桦、王瓜3种植物幼苗茎鲜质量的影响随着处理质量浓度的增加总体大致表现为促进作用,在处理质量浓度为0.04g/mL时,对白菜幼苗茎鲜质量促进作用较为明显.当处理质量浓度在0.02g/mL时,对这4种植物生长促进作用明显.

木醋液对4种蔬菜种子萌发的影响

目的:探究松木屑木醋液对蔬菜作物的化感效应,以期为松木屑木醋液合理种植蔬菜作物提供理论依据。方法:研究不同浓度木醋液对萝卜、韭菜、小白菜和芥菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。结果:木醋液对4种蔬菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳浓度及化感促进作用不同,2 000倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比萝卜种子的发芽率、发芽指数和根长及小白菜种子的根长分别提高了20.00%、22.60%、5.90%、19.50%(P <0.05);500倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比韭菜种子的发芽率和茎长分别提高了8.89%、30.60%(P <0.05);1 000倍稀释木醋液处理下,与对照组相比芥菜种子的发芽率、活力指数和茎长分别提高了8.00%、31.33%、46.70%(P <0.05)。结论:低浓度松木屑木醋液具有促进4种蔬菜作物种子生长的化感作用。

栾树凋落叶对3种中药材种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应

【目的】探究栾树凋落叶对不同中药材的化感效应,选择适宜种植在栾树林下的药用植物,为林药复合种植系统中栾树林下中药材的选择和北京林下经济的发展提供理论参考。【方法】模拟自然环境下栾树凋落叶释放化感物质影响中药材种子萌发和幼苗生长的过程,采用发芽试验和盆栽试验,以蒸馏水为对照(CK),探讨不同质量浓度(6.25,12.5,25,50 g/L)栾树凋落叶浸提液对黄芩、桔梗和甘草3种中药材种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。【结果】①与CK相比,不同质量浓度栾树凋落叶浸提液对3种中药材种子的发芽率、发芽指数和幼苗胚根长、胚芽长及幼苗鲜质量和干质量均有明显的影响。②随着栾树凋落叶浸提液质量浓度的升高,黄芩幼苗叶片的SOD、CAT活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,POD活性和脯氨酸含量总体先下降后上升;桔梗幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量逐渐升高;甘草幼苗叶片的POD、CAT活性呈先升高后降低的趋势。③结合种子萌发和幼苗生长的综合化感效应指数来看,栾树凋落叶浸提液对黄芩表现出较强抑制作用,对桔梗和甘草表现出“低促高抑”效应。栾树凋落叶浸提液对3种中药材的化感效应强度由大到小表现为黄芩>桔梗>甘草。【结论】栾树林下适合种植甘草和桔梗,而黄芩的生长明显受到了栾树凋落叶浸提液的化感抑制作用,应避免种植在栾树林下。

闽楠凋落物浸提液对其种子萌发和幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

采用不同浓度凋落枝、凋落叶浸提液处理闽楠(Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang)种子和幼苗,测定其萌发、生长及生理指标。结果显示:(1)整体上,闽楠凋落枝和凋落叶浸提液对自身种子萌发表现为抑制作用,且抑制作用均随两种浸提液浓度升高而增强,且凋落枝抑制作用大于凋落叶。在发芽指标上,抑制强度表现为枝>叶;在根芽长度上,抑制强度表现为叶>枝;综合化感效应表现为枝>叶。(2)凋落枝浸提液对一年生闽楠幼苗生长指标表现为抑制作用,凋落叶浸提液表现为“低促高抑”的效应。高浓度浸提液可严重抑制幼苗生长,并造成大量叶片出现斑点、萎缩和枯黄;(3)闽楠凋落物浸提液对闽楠幼苗生理的影响较为复杂,高浓度浸提液可造成幼苗生理紊乱,导致其抗氧化系统异常,引起丙二醛含量显著增加,叶片细胞膜通透性增大,导致植株处于非正常生长状态,而长期浇灌低浓度浸提液也会使植物处于胁迫状态而引起相关生理指标变化。

元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药化感作用的研究

本研究以甘草、黄芩和桔梗为化感受体,探究不同浓度的元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以期为北京元宝枫林下中草药的种植提供理论依据。结果表明:元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对甘草和黄芩的种子萌发表现出“低促高抑”效应,而对桔梗表现为抑制作用。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应为桔梗>黄芩>甘草。3种中草药幼苗叶片的叶绿素含量在不同浓度处理下均低于对照。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液处理使黄芩幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高,黄芩、甘草幼苗叶片的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随浸提液浓度的升高先升后降,3种中草药幼苗叶片的丙二醛含量随浸提液浓度的升高呈先增加后减少的趋势。综上,元宝枫林下应避免种植桔梗,适宜种植甘草和黄芩。

杂草水提液对3种一年生牧草种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的化感效应

杂草是牧草生产的主要限制因子之一,在牧草建植阶段通过化感效应严重影响出苗效果。本研究以2种农田主要杂草灰绿藜(Chenopodium glaucum)和赖草(Leymus secalinus)为试验材料,在不同浓度水提液(0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00 g·mL^(-1))下对苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)、谷子(Setaria italica)和湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)3种牧草种子萌发与幼苗生长的化感效应进行分析。结果表明:灰绿藜和赖草水提液对3种一年生牧草萌发和幼苗生长表现出不同程度的抑制作用,效果随浓度提高而增强。在牧草种子萌发期间,杂草水提液的影响主要体现在萌发率下降和延缓萌发时间方面,谷子萌发被赖草和灰绿藜完全抑制的预测阈值为0.3~0.6 g·mL^(-1),而苏丹草和湖南稷子为0.9~1.2 g·mL^(-1)。在牧草幼苗生长过程中,2种杂草水提液对3种牧草地上和地下部分生长均有影响,其中赖草水提液对湖南稷子的幼苗的影响呈现低浓度(低于0.75 g·mL^(-1))同时影响根和苗的生长、高浓度(0.75~1.00 g·mL^(-1))根和苗生长抑制作用不一致现象;湖南稷子对灰绿藜和赖草水提液化感作用抗性分别在低于0.50和0.25 g·mL^(-1)浓度表现较高,而谷子最弱,主要表现在根长和苗长受抑制影响最大。虽然3种供试牧草都受到2种杂草浸提液的化感抑制,但各牧草幼苗生长对其化感作用耐受能力有差异。其中苏丹草和湖南稷子对2种杂草浸提液的耐受阈值相同(0~0.75 g·mL^(-1)),高于谷子的耐受阈值(0~0.25 g·mL^(-1))。本研究表明化感效应可以通过影响萌发策略,调控地上、地下生长行为,抑制牧草苗期建植。苏丹草和湖南稷子在对抗灰绿藜和赖草方面具有较好的潜力,种植这2种抗性较强的牧草,可以减少杂草的影响,为牧草生产中地建植管理提供了科学依据。

油菜秸秆水浸液对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

为探究油菜秸秆对花生生长发育的影响,为油菜新品系PW-1B的示范推广及油菜与花生的轮作倒茬提供参考,以5个花生品种豫花22、豫花37、豫花65、远杂9102、濮科花9号为受体材料,研究不同质量浓度(0、0.03、0.06、0.10 g/mL)油菜秸秆水浸液对花生种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,油菜秸秆水浸液对种子发芽率影响较小,但会抑制花生种子发芽势;低质量浓度的油菜秸秆水浸液处理增加了豫花22幼苗和濮科花9号幼苗的侧枝长、豫花65和濮科花9号幼苗的主茎高,随着质量浓度增加促进效应不显著,0.10 g/mL的水浸液显著抑制了豫花37幼苗的根长、豫花65幼苗的单株鲜质量;3种质量浓度水浸液处理均显著增加了远杂9102幼苗的根长。水浸液处理对远杂9102全部表现出化感促进效应,而对其他4个花生品种的化感作用则表现为低促高抑。豫花22、豫花65、远杂9102幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量在不同质量浓度处理下均显著高于对照;豫花37、濮科花9号幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量在水浸液质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时显著高于对照。水浸液处理后豫花22、豫花65幼苗的3种抗氧化酶的活性均降低,豫花37的POD活性降低。综上,油菜秸秆水浸液对花生品种的化感效应因受试品种不同存在差异,且水浸液处理对远杂9102全部表现出促进效应,表明远杂9102更适合与油菜新品系PW-1B轮作。

不同人工经济林凋落叶浸提液对豆禾草种的化感效应研究

红枣、核桃以及苹果是陕北地区主要的人工经济林树种,且种植方式单一。为探讨人工经济林对牧草生长的化感作用,本研究以紫花苜蓿和黑麦草作为研究受体,通过设置不同浓度核桃、苹果、红枣凋落叶浸提液,分析其对豆禾草种种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:1)紫花苜蓿和黑麦草的发芽率和发芽势随浸提液浓度的增加而显著降低(P<0.05);2)苹果和红枣凋落叶浸提液浓度越高,紫花苜蓿、黑麦草幼苗叶绿素含量和根系活力越低,核桃凋落叶浸提液处理下黑麦草幼苗的叶绿素含量显著高于对照组,根系活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05);3)两种牧草的生化指标结果表明,黑麦草的抗氧化能力强于紫花苜蓿。豆禾草种种子萌发及幼苗生长对不同树种、不同浓度凋落叶浸提液的化感响应存在差异,整体而言,人工经济林凋落叶浸提液对紫花苜蓿的化感作用强于黑麦草。本研究旨在为陕北地区林草混种提供理论依据,在建植过程中应充分考虑豆禾草种与经济林的搭配。

核桃凋落叶浸提液对一年生黑麦草和白花草木樨种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应

【目的】研究核桃(Juglans regia)凋落叶浸提液对一年生黑麦草和白花草木樨种子萌发及幼苗生长化感效应,为林草建植提供理论依据,有利于核桃经济林可持续发展。【方法】以一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)和白花草木樨(Melilotus albus)作为研究受体,设置不同浓度核桃凋落叶浸提液,分析核桃凋落叶浸提液对豆禾牧草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。【结果】1)高浓度核桃凋落叶浸提液显著降低了一年生黑麦草的发芽率和发芽势,且随着浸提液浓度的增高,一年生黑麦草的发芽速率显著降低;随着浸提液浓度的增高,白花草木樨的发芽势和发芽速率呈先升高后降低趋势,发芽时间缩短;2)核桃凋落叶浸提液降低了白花草木樨幼苗叶绿素含量;中等浓度下一年生黑麦草的根系活力显著增加;3)高浓度下一年生黑麦草幼苗抗氧化酶活性显著降低;白花草木樨幼苗过氧化氢酶活性随浸提液浓度的增加呈先升高后下降的趋势。【结论】核桃凋落叶对豆禾牧草种子萌发及幼苗生长化感作用显著,林下建植牧草应充分考虑核桃凋落叶所产生的化感物质对所选草种的影响。

凋落物及土壤浸提液对西伯利亚落叶松种子萌发的影响

化感作用是植物间信息交流的一种方式,对森林的天然更新有重要影响。西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica)更新困难且种子萌发率低,林下凋落物及表层土壤存在的化感作用可能是影响其自然更新的重要因素之一。研究西伯利亚落叶松林下凋落物和土壤不同质量浓度的浸提液(0、1、2、5、10、20、40、60、80和100 g/L)对其种子萌发的化感作用,并选用发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和化感综合效应指数来表征不同类型的浸提液对西伯利亚落叶松种子萌发的影响。结果表明,1)经过浸提液处理的种子相较于CK(0 g/L)均提前进入萌发期,低质量浓度浸提液(凋落物浸提液质量浓度<100 g/L,土壤浸提液质量浓度<60 g/L)处理过的种子萌发周期也会变长;2)林下凋落物和土壤均能对其种子萌发产生影响,在一定质量浓度范围内表现为“低质量浓度促进,高质量浓度抑制”,且以80 g/L质量浓度的土壤浸提液抑制作用最强,发芽率降低了8.33%(P<0.05);3)化感综合指数表现为低质量浓度大于高质量浓度,随着质量浓度增加,化感作用强度表现为先减小后增大,促进作用逐渐减小进而转为抑制作用。西伯利亚落叶松的林下凋落物和土壤存在明显的化感作用,在一定程度上影响天然林更新。

柳树枯落物水浸提液对5种作物种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响

为了解柳树枯落物对种子植物的化感作用,开展了柳树枯落物不同浓度水浸提液对小麦、谷子、糜子、高粱、白菜等5种作物种子萌发与幼苗生长状况的影响研究。结果表明:柳树枯落物水浸提液对这5种作物存在化感作用,不同浓度柳树枯落物浸提液对5种作物的种子发芽率、发芽势、幼苗根长、幼苗苗高、幼苗鲜质量等指标均有不同程度的影响,并且随着柳树枯落物浸提液浓度的变化其作用强度有所不同。

植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响及其生态学意义

化感现象作为植物之间的一种相互作用方式,在农林业生产中广泛存在。合理利用植物之间的化感作用,对于生产实践具有重要的指导意义。研究表明,化感物质可促进或抑制不同物种种子的萌发过程,这对于植物的生长发育、植物群落的组成与分布以及生态系统的平衡有着重要影响。本文从化感物质对种子萌发的影响与其生态学意义两个方面进行了综述。一方面,在阐述化感作用影响种子萌发的基础上,进一步总结了化感物质抑制植物种子萌发的生理生化机制。包括:化感物质通过抑制胚根和胚轴的伸长,破坏亚细胞结构,干扰植物激素及活性氧的合成与代谢,造成细胞损伤,从而阻碍种子萌发;抑制种子中储存物质的代谢,阻碍种子萌发过程中的物质以及能量转换,导致种子萌发受阻等。另一方面,本文从化感作用在抑制农田杂草及影响生态系统稳定性两个方面,阐述了化感物质调控种子萌发的生态学意义。讨论了农作物的化感抑草作用,农林业生产中的化感自毒作用以及化感作用造成的生物入侵等,以期为农林业生产提供借鉴。最后,根据目前研究进展,对本领域未来研究方向进行了展望和讨论。

植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响

所有的化感物质都对一些植物的种子萌发产生影响。本文介绍了植物化感作用和化感物质的定义,化感物质的释放方式和种类,然后重点综述了化感物质影响种子萌发的作用机理、内外因素和生态学意义。化感物质通过影响细胞膜透性、细胞分裂生长和分化、呼吸作用、蛋白质合成、基因表达、激素合成和平衡,最终影响种子萌发。化感物质对种子萌发的影响与化感物质的种类、浓度、受体植物种类和环境条件等有关。

酚酸类物质对苜蓿种子萌发及抗氧化物酶活性的影响

实验选用紫花苜蓿体内的4种化感物质包括阿魏酸、香豆素、香草酸、香豆酸,以10-3、10-4、10-5mol·L-1和10-6mol·L-1四个浓度,采用培养皿试纸法和沙培法进行苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长试验,研究了苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长以及抗氧化保护性酶活性的变化,并就生物量、种子萌发和酶活性等三大指标的敏感性进行了讨论。结果表明,4种化感物质对苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长有明显的影响作用,这种影响效应与化感物质的种类及浓度显著相关。其中,10-3mol·L-1的4种化感物质均表现出对苜蓿种子萌发有显著的抑制作用,阿魏酸、香豆素和香草酸达到了极显著的抑制效果。当浓度为10-3mol·L-1时,除香豆酸外,其它3种化感物质均表现出对幼苗体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸酶(APX)活性有显著的抑制作用,同时使幼苗体内丙二醛(MDA)的含量显著增加;随着浓度的降低,化感物质抑制作用减弱;当浓度降低为10-6mol·L-1时,阿魏酸、香豆素、香草酸则表现出了对上述各种酶活性的轻微促进作用。阿魏酸表现出的化感效应最强,香豆素、香草酸次之,香豆酸最弱。发芽指标受化感物质的影响最敏感、其次是生物量指标,而酶活性指标相对较弱。

小麦对直播稻田千金子的化感作用及化感物质分离鉴定

研究了小麦茎根水提取液对直播稻田千金子的化感作用,并分离鉴定了化感物质。结果表明:扬麦158和扬麦10号不同生育期的水提取液对千金子种子萌发均有抑制作用,但对幼苗生长无抑制作用;对水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长均无抑制作用;利用室内生测及GCMS分析鉴定抑制千金子种子萌发的化感物质为有机酸,对千金子种子萌发的抑制率达94.90%,有机酸的主要成分为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸及肉豆蔻酸。