To investigate the effects of allicin on chickens＇ lipid and antioxidant performance, Hy-laying hens＇ diets were replenished with 0 mg · kg-1, 50 mg · kg-1, 100 mg · kg-1, and 150 mg · kg-1 allic...To investigate the effects of allicin on chickens＇ lipid and antioxidant performance, Hy-laying hens＇ diets were replenished with 0 mg · kg-1, 50 mg · kg-1, 100 mg · kg-1, and 150 mg · kg-1 allicin for 42 days, respectively. The alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）, triglyceride（TG）, total cholesterol（TCHO）, high density lipoprotein（HDL）, and low density lipoprotein（LDL） levels were measured in chicken serum. Superoxide dismutase（SOD）, glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） activity and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were measured in chicken serum and liver tissue homogenate. The results showed that the supplement dose of allicin tested did not significantly change the activity of ALT or AST（P〉0.05）; TG and CHOL levels decreased with the increase of allicin additive doses, and the difference between treatment groups and CG was significant（P〈0.05）, and there was the best effect with 100 mg · kg-1; allicin significantly reduced the content of MDA, and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities compared with CG（P〈0.05）, and 100 mg · kg-1 of allicin resulted in the strongest SOD and GSH-Px activity. The antioxidant function test results of liver tissue homogenate were consistant with that of serum. Our findings indicated that allicin could enhance antioxidant capacity and reduce blood lipid level in chickens and 100 mg · kg-1 was the optimal amount of allicin additives.展开更多
Background:Enteromorpha prolifera(E.prolifera)polysaccharide has become a promising feed additive with a variety of physiological activities,such as anti-oxidant,anti-cancer,anti-diabetic,immunomodulatory,hypolipidemi...Background:Enteromorpha prolifera(E.prolifera)polysaccharide has become a promising feed additive with a variety of physiological activities,such as anti-oxidant,anti-cancer,anti-diabetic,immunomodulatory,hypolipidemic,and cation chelating ability.However,whether Enteromorpha polysaccharide-trace element complex supplementation regulates amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in chicken is largely unknown.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of E.prolifera polysaccharide(EP)-Zn supplementation on growth performance,amino acid,and fatty acid metabolism in chicken.Methods:A total of 184 one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into two treatment groups with 8 replicates,12 chickens per replicate,and fed either the basal diet(control group)or basal diet plus E.prolifera polysaccharide-Zinc(400 mg EP-Zn/kg diet).Results:Dietary EP-Zn supplementation significantly increased(P<0.05)the body weight,average daily gain,muscle antioxidant activity,serum HDL level,and reduced serum TG and LDL concentration.In addition,dietary EPZn supplementation could modulate ileal amino acid digestibility and upregulate the mRNA expression of amino acid transporter genes in the jejunum,ileum,breast muscle,and liver tissues(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,breast meat from chickens fed EP-Zn had higher(P<0.05)Pro and Asp content,and lower(P<0.05)Val,Phe,Gly,and Cys free amino acid content.Furthermore,EP-Zn supplementation upregulated(P<0.05)the mRNA expressions of mTOR and anti-oxidant related genes,while down-regulated protein degradation related genes in the breast muscle.Breast meat from EP-Zn supplemented group had significantly lower(P<0.05)proportions ofΣn-3 PUFA,and a higher percentage ofΣn-6 PUFA and the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA.Besides,EP-Zn supplementation regulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting the gene expression of key enzymes involved in the fatty acid synthesis and activating genes that participated in fatty acid oxidation in the liver tissue.Conclusions:It is concluded that EP-Zn complex supplementation regulates apparent ileal amino acid digestibility,enhances amino acid metabolism,and decreases oxidative stress-associated protein breakdown,thereby improving the growth performance.Furthermore,it promotes fatty acid oxidation and restrains fat synthesis through modulating lipid metabolism-related gene expression.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nit...The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nitrogen(45%crude protein)and iso-lipid(13%crude lipid)experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0%(the control),25%,50%,75%and 100%fish oil with coconut oil.The results showed that dietary CO had no significant effect on survival rate(SR.P>0.05).However,the specific growth rate was increased significantly when compared with the control group when fish were fed the diet with 50%CO(P<0.05).The saturated fatty acids were increased significantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle,whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in fish-fed diet with 50%CO;conversely,the content of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in fish-fed diet with 50%CO.To some extent,this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker.In conclusion,fish-fed diet with 50%CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity.Therefore,the optimal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%.展开更多
This study evaluated the potential of mulberry leaf powder as an unconventional feed material for fin-ishing pigs by assessing the growth performance,antioxidative properties,fatty acid profile,and lipid metabolism in...This study evaluated the potential of mulberry leaf powder as an unconventional feed material for fin-ishing pigs by assessing the growth performance,antioxidative properties,fatty acid profile,and lipid metabolism in 180 Xiangcun black pigs.Pigs with an initial body weight(BW)of 71.64±1.46 kg were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups,including the control diet and 4 experimental diets.The corn,soybean meal,and wheat bran in the control diet were partly replaced by 3%,6%,9%,or 12%mulberry leaf powder in experimental diets.There were 6 replicates(pens)of 6 pigs per replicate in each treatment.Blood and muscle samples were collected after the 50-day feed experiment.Compared with the control group,the 3%,6%,and 9%mulberry diets had no adverse effect(P>0.05)on the growth performance of pigs.The serum glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione concentration increased linearly(P<0.05)with the increase in dietary mulberry inclusion.There was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of antioxidant-related genes in muscle tissue between the control and mul-berry groups.Inclusion of dietary mulberry powder increased(P<0.05)the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids,especially in the longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle,up-regulated(P<0.05)the relative mRNA expression level of uncoupling protein-3 in muscle tissue,but down-regulated(P<0.05)the relative mRNA expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase,acetyl CoA carboxylaseα,lipoprotein lipase,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y in LD in a linear pattern.The nuclear respiratory factor 2 expression level in the LD muscle of pigs fed the 9%mulberry diet was higher(P<0.01)than that in the other mulberry groups and control group.The inclusion of less than 12%dietary mulberry did not detrimentally affect the growth performance of Xiangcun black pigs,but enhanced the serum antioxidant property,increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid content,and inhibited lipid oxidation by regulating gene expression levels of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial uncoupling protein in muscle tissue.Mulberry leaves can be utilized as a forage crop in the diet of finishing pigs.展开更多
文摘To investigate the effects of allicin on chickens＇ lipid and antioxidant performance, Hy-laying hens＇ diets were replenished with 0 mg · kg-1, 50 mg · kg-1, 100 mg · kg-1, and 150 mg · kg-1 allicin for 42 days, respectively. The alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）, triglyceride（TG）, total cholesterol（TCHO）, high density lipoprotein（HDL）, and low density lipoprotein（LDL） levels were measured in chicken serum. Superoxide dismutase（SOD）, glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） activity and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels were measured in chicken serum and liver tissue homogenate. The results showed that the supplement dose of allicin tested did not significantly change the activity of ALT or AST（P〉0.05）; TG and CHOL levels decreased with the increase of allicin additive doses, and the difference between treatment groups and CG was significant（P〈0.05）, and there was the best effect with 100 mg · kg-1; allicin significantly reduced the content of MDA, and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities compared with CG（P〈0.05）, and 100 mg · kg-1 of allicin resulted in the strongest SOD and GSH-Px activity. The antioxidant function test results of liver tissue homogenate were consistant with that of serum. Our findings indicated that allicin could enhance antioxidant capacity and reduce blood lipid level in chickens and 100 mg · kg-1 was the optimal amount of allicin additives.
基金financially supported by the earmarked fund for NSFC(31902196)Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO-CR-KP-2021-10)+2 种基金China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded project(2021 M693383,2019 M662273)Taishan industry leading talent blue talent project。
文摘Background:Enteromorpha prolifera(E.prolifera)polysaccharide has become a promising feed additive with a variety of physiological activities,such as anti-oxidant,anti-cancer,anti-diabetic,immunomodulatory,hypolipidemic,and cation chelating ability.However,whether Enteromorpha polysaccharide-trace element complex supplementation regulates amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in chicken is largely unknown.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of E.prolifera polysaccharide(EP)-Zn supplementation on growth performance,amino acid,and fatty acid metabolism in chicken.Methods:A total of 184 one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into two treatment groups with 8 replicates,12 chickens per replicate,and fed either the basal diet(control group)or basal diet plus E.prolifera polysaccharide-Zinc(400 mg EP-Zn/kg diet).Results:Dietary EP-Zn supplementation significantly increased(P<0.05)the body weight,average daily gain,muscle antioxidant activity,serum HDL level,and reduced serum TG and LDL concentration.In addition,dietary EPZn supplementation could modulate ileal amino acid digestibility and upregulate the mRNA expression of amino acid transporter genes in the jejunum,ileum,breast muscle,and liver tissues(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,breast meat from chickens fed EP-Zn had higher(P<0.05)Pro and Asp content,and lower(P<0.05)Val,Phe,Gly,and Cys free amino acid content.Furthermore,EP-Zn supplementation upregulated(P<0.05)the mRNA expressions of mTOR and anti-oxidant related genes,while down-regulated protein degradation related genes in the breast muscle.Breast meat from EP-Zn supplemented group had significantly lower(P<0.05)proportions ofΣn-3 PUFA,and a higher percentage ofΣn-6 PUFA and the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA.Besides,EP-Zn supplementation regulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting the gene expression of key enzymes involved in the fatty acid synthesis and activating genes that participated in fatty acid oxidation in the liver tissue.Conclusions:It is concluded that EP-Zn complex supplementation regulates apparent ileal amino acid digestibility,enhances amino acid metabolism,and decreases oxidative stress-associated protein breakdown,thereby improving the growth performance.Furthermore,it promotes fatty acid oxidation and restrains fat synthesis through modulating lipid metabolism-related gene expression.
基金Acknowledgments This research was supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China[grant number:31525024]the China Agriculture Research System[Grant number:CARS47-11]+2 种基金Aoshan Talents Program Sup ported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology[Grant number:2O15ASTP]Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number:318301031]Scientific and Technological Innovation of Blue Granary[Grant number:2018YFD0900402].
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nitrogen(45%crude protein)and iso-lipid(13%crude lipid)experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0%(the control),25%,50%,75%and 100%fish oil with coconut oil.The results showed that dietary CO had no significant effect on survival rate(SR.P>0.05).However,the specific growth rate was increased significantly when compared with the control group when fish were fed the diet with 50%CO(P<0.05).The saturated fatty acids were increased significantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle,whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in fish-fed diet with 50%CO;conversely,the content of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in fish-fed diet with 50%CO.To some extent,this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker.In conclusion,fish-fed diet with 50%CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity.Therefore,the optimal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M652772)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2017JJ3137)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601954,31872991)Key Project of Hunan Provincial Education Department(16A096)Earmarked Fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-35).
文摘This study evaluated the potential of mulberry leaf powder as an unconventional feed material for fin-ishing pigs by assessing the growth performance,antioxidative properties,fatty acid profile,and lipid metabolism in 180 Xiangcun black pigs.Pigs with an initial body weight(BW)of 71.64±1.46 kg were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups,including the control diet and 4 experimental diets.The corn,soybean meal,and wheat bran in the control diet were partly replaced by 3%,6%,9%,or 12%mulberry leaf powder in experimental diets.There were 6 replicates(pens)of 6 pigs per replicate in each treatment.Blood and muscle samples were collected after the 50-day feed experiment.Compared with the control group,the 3%,6%,and 9%mulberry diets had no adverse effect(P>0.05)on the growth performance of pigs.The serum glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione concentration increased linearly(P<0.05)with the increase in dietary mulberry inclusion.There was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of antioxidant-related genes in muscle tissue between the control and mul-berry groups.Inclusion of dietary mulberry powder increased(P<0.05)the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids,especially in the longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle,up-regulated(P<0.05)the relative mRNA expression level of uncoupling protein-3 in muscle tissue,but down-regulated(P<0.05)the relative mRNA expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase,acetyl CoA carboxylaseα,lipoprotein lipase,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y in LD in a linear pattern.The nuclear respiratory factor 2 expression level in the LD muscle of pigs fed the 9%mulberry diet was higher(P<0.01)than that in the other mulberry groups and control group.The inclusion of less than 12%dietary mulberry did not detrimentally affect the growth performance of Xiangcun black pigs,but enhanced the serum antioxidant property,increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid content,and inhibited lipid oxidation by regulating gene expression levels of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial uncoupling protein in muscle tissue.Mulberry leaves can be utilized as a forage crop in the diet of finishing pigs.
