Simulators play an important role in training surgery residents to perform laparoscopy surgery. Some of these simulators have the capability to track tool motion to assess performance. However, most have not utilized ...Simulators play an important role in training surgery residents to perform laparoscopy surgery. Some of these simulators have the capability to track tool motion to assess performance. However, most have not utilized the data to analyze trainee performance in a meaningful way. The alpha shape method can be used to construct a geometric surface based on motion data to enable visualization of the performance, while the surface derivative (surface/time to completion)—efficiency—can be used as a metric to evaluate complex surgical performance. The utility of the alpha shape method was demonstrated in a pick-and-place task, where the motion path of laparoscopic graspers was recorded by a position sensor, miniBIRD 500?. An alpha shape method was used to measure the surface area of the 3D points in space occupied by the tool tips during task performance. Results show that the surface derivative measure alone may be able to model the speed-accuracy tradeoff function, thereby simplifying the analysis and evaluation of complex motion in surgical performance.展开更多
Rotor clearance is necessary for the safe operation of twin-screw compressors,and it has a major impact on the performance of twin-screw compressors.The purpose of this study was to obtain a rotor tooth profile with r...Rotor clearance is necessary for the safe operation of twin-screw compressors,and it has a major impact on the performance of twin-screw compressors.The purpose of this study was to obtain a rotor tooth profile with reasonable meshing clearance on the rotor end surface,so that the clearance on the rotor contact line would be uniform and the rotor could be smoothly meshed.Under ideal conditions,the rotor of a screw compressor should have no clearance or interference.However,owing to assembly errors,thermal compression,stress deformation,and other factors,a rotor without backlash modification will inevitably produce interference during operation.A new design method based on the Alpha shape solution was proposed to achieve an efficient and high-precision design of the clearance of the twin-screw rotor profile.This method avoids the complex analytical calculations in the traditional envelope principle.The best approximation of the points on the rotor conjugate motion sweeping surface in the points is illuminated using a specific color.The sweeping surface of the screw rotor single-tooth profile is roughly scanned to capture the base point set of the sweeping surface boundary points.The chord length and tilt angle of each interval are calculated using the value of the base point set to adjust the position,phase,and magnification of each interval sweeping surface.Finally,the data point set is converted to the same coordinate system to generate the conjugated rotor profile.An example was used to verify the feasibility and adaptability of this method.Based on the equidistant profile method,the clearance between male and female rotors of a screw compressor was obtained under actual operation conditions.Therefore,this study provides a basis for the meshing clearance design in the machining of twin-screw compressor rotors.展开更多
为了使用四旋翼无人机搭载二维激光雷达进行空间环境探测与建模,设计了无人机LIDAR(Light Detection and Ranging)探测方案,提出了基于欧式聚类与Alpha-shape算法的点云数据建模方法。以室内环境建模为例,通过无人机LIDAR测得室内多位...为了使用四旋翼无人机搭载二维激光雷达进行空间环境探测与建模,设计了无人机LIDAR(Light Detection and Ranging)探测方案,提出了基于欧式聚类与Alpha-shape算法的点云数据建模方法。以室内环境建模为例,通过无人机LIDAR测得室内多位置、多高度的平面点云数据。根据室内环境点云数据分块聚集的特性,对数据进行统计滤波消噪,并采用欧式聚类算法对点云数据进行聚类,对每个聚类分别选取合适的参数α绘制其Alpha-shape图形。对于采样高度均匀、雷达扫描频率稳定的点云数据,考虑到无人机激光雷达的数据特点,以每个聚类中点的数量和其包络在x-y平面的投影面积为参数,结合测量经验提出了α的计算式。利用此方法可以实现使用二维激光雷达进行空间建模,相较于使用三维激光雷达成本更低,测量更灵活。展开更多
文摘Simulators play an important role in training surgery residents to perform laparoscopy surgery. Some of these simulators have the capability to track tool motion to assess performance. However, most have not utilized the data to analyze trainee performance in a meaningful way. The alpha shape method can be used to construct a geometric surface based on motion data to enable visualization of the performance, while the surface derivative (surface/time to completion)—efficiency—can be used as a metric to evaluate complex surgical performance. The utility of the alpha shape method was demonstrated in a pick-and-place task, where the motion path of laparoscopic graspers was recorded by a position sensor, miniBIRD 500?. An alpha shape method was used to measure the surface area of the 3D points in space occupied by the tool tips during task performance. Results show that the surface derivative measure alone may be able to model the speed-accuracy tradeoff function, thereby simplifying the analysis and evaluation of complex motion in surgical performance.
文摘Rotor clearance is necessary for the safe operation of twin-screw compressors,and it has a major impact on the performance of twin-screw compressors.The purpose of this study was to obtain a rotor tooth profile with reasonable meshing clearance on the rotor end surface,so that the clearance on the rotor contact line would be uniform and the rotor could be smoothly meshed.Under ideal conditions,the rotor of a screw compressor should have no clearance or interference.However,owing to assembly errors,thermal compression,stress deformation,and other factors,a rotor without backlash modification will inevitably produce interference during operation.A new design method based on the Alpha shape solution was proposed to achieve an efficient and high-precision design of the clearance of the twin-screw rotor profile.This method avoids the complex analytical calculations in the traditional envelope principle.The best approximation of the points on the rotor conjugate motion sweeping surface in the points is illuminated using a specific color.The sweeping surface of the screw rotor single-tooth profile is roughly scanned to capture the base point set of the sweeping surface boundary points.The chord length and tilt angle of each interval are calculated using the value of the base point set to adjust the position,phase,and magnification of each interval sweeping surface.Finally,the data point set is converted to the same coordinate system to generate the conjugated rotor profile.An example was used to verify the feasibility and adaptability of this method.Based on the equidistant profile method,the clearance between male and female rotors of a screw compressor was obtained under actual operation conditions.Therefore,this study provides a basis for the meshing clearance design in the machining of twin-screw compressor rotors.
文摘为了使用四旋翼无人机搭载二维激光雷达进行空间环境探测与建模,设计了无人机LIDAR(Light Detection and Ranging)探测方案,提出了基于欧式聚类与Alpha-shape算法的点云数据建模方法。以室内环境建模为例,通过无人机LIDAR测得室内多位置、多高度的平面点云数据。根据室内环境点云数据分块聚集的特性,对数据进行统计滤波消噪,并采用欧式聚类算法对点云数据进行聚类,对每个聚类分别选取合适的参数α绘制其Alpha-shape图形。对于采样高度均匀、雷达扫描频率稳定的点云数据,考虑到无人机激光雷达的数据特点,以每个聚类中点的数量和其包络在x-y平面的投影面积为参数,结合测量经验提出了α的计算式。利用此方法可以实现使用二维激光雷达进行空间建模,相较于使用三维激光雷达成本更低,测量更灵活。
