Study of the Effect of Zhuang Medicine Aponeurotic System Triple Therapy on Lumbar Disc Herniation and Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein Level

Objective:To analyze the application effect of Zhuang medicine aponeurotic system triple therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and its effect on the level of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein(alpha-1 AGP).Methods:200 patients with lumbar disc herniation were selected and randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,100 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional acupuncture,and the treatment group was treated with manipulation+fire needling+cupping.The alpha-1-AGP levels before and after treatment,as well as the lumbar spine function and pain scores before and after treatment,and the adverse reactions occurred during treatment between the two groups were compared.Results:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in alpha-1 AGP levels,lumbar function,and pain scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the lumbar function scores of the two groups were significantly increased,with the treatment group having higher scores than the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was 2.00%,which was much lower than the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Appropriate application of Zhuang medicine aponeurotic system triple therapy in the clinical treatment of lumbar disc herniation can promote the improvement of alpha-1 AGP index level,reduce the pain degree of patients,and improve their lumbar spine function.At the same time,Zhuang medicine also has significant advantages in terms of safety,while ensuring the efficacy and safety of the treatment.

Collagen-Ⅵ-alpha-1在胶质母细胞瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨Collagen-Ⅵ-alpha-1(COL6A1)在胶质母细胞瘤中的表达以及与临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测35例胶质母细胞瘤组织和22例正常脑组织中COL6A1的表达,并对其表达进行临床病理特征分析。结果COL6A1在胶质母细胞瘤中阳性表达率为88.57%(31/35),而在正常脑组织中仅为9.09%(2/22),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。COL6A1的表达在不同性别、不同年龄、不同KPS评分的患者中差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但在不同体积的肿瘤及是否完整切除患者中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。COL6A1阳性表达的胶质母细胞瘤患者总生存期明显短于阴性表达的患者(P<0.05)。结论 COL6A1可能与胶质母细胞瘤的发生发展密切相关,有望成为胶质母细胞瘤诊断治疗的新靶点。

Delayed diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency following post-hepatectomy liver failure: A case report

Post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following major liver resection. The development of PHLF is dependent on the volume of the remaining liver tissue and hepatocyte function. Without effective pre-operative assessment, patients with undiagnosed liver disease could be at increased risk of PHLF. We report a case of a 60-year-old male patient with PHLF secondary to undiagnosed alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency(AATD) following major liver resection. He initially presented with acute large bowel obstruction secondary to a colorectal adenocarcinoma, which had metastasized to the liver. There was no significant past medical history apart from mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After colonic surgery and liver directed neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, he underwent a laparoscopic partially extended right hepatectomy and radio-frequency ablation. Post-operatively he developed PHLF. The cause of PHLF remained unknown, prompting reanalysis of the histology, which showed evidence of AATD. He subsequently developed progressive liver dysfunction, portal hypertension, and eventually an extensive parastomal bleed, which led to his death; this was ultimately due to a combination of AATD and chemotherapy. This case highlights that formal testing for AATD in all patients with a known history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heavy smoking, or strong family history could help prevent the development of PHLF in patients undergoing major liver resection.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in end-stage liver disease

AIM:To evaluate the association between alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(A1ATD) and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD).METHODS:Patients with cirrhosis and ESLD referred to the Cleveland Clinic Foundation for liver transplantation between 2003 and 2014 were included in the study(N = 675). ESLD was defined as having histological features of cirrhosis and/or radiological evidence of cirrhosis in the context of portal hypertension(ascites,variceal bleeding,thrombocytopenia,or hepatic encephalopathy). A1 ATD was diagnosed using phenotype characterization(MZ or ZZ),liver biopsy detection of PAS-positive diastaseresistant(PAS+) globules,or both. Patients with other causes of liver diseases such as hepatitis C virus(HCV),alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) or NASH were also included in the study. HCC was diagnosed by using imaging modalities,biopsy findings,or explanted liver inspection. Follow-up time was defined as the number of years from the diagnosis of cirrhosis to the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma,or from the diagnosis of cirrhosis to the last follow up visit. The rate of HCC was assessed using time-tointerval analysis for interval censored data.RESULTS:This study included 675 patients. 7% of subjects had A1ATD(n = 47). Out of all subjects who did not have A1 ATD,46% had HCV,17% had alcoholic liver disease,19% had NASH and 18% had another primary diagnosis. Of the 47 subjects with A1 ATD,15 had a primary diagnosis of A1ATD(PI*ZZ phenotype and PAS+ globules),8 had a PI*MZ phenotype alone,14 had PAS+ alone,and 10 had both the PI*MZ phenotype and PAS+. Median follow-up time was 3.4(25th,75 th percentiles:1,5.2) years. The overall rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in all subjects was 29%(n = 199). In the A1 ATD group,the incidence rate of HCC was 8.5% compared to 31% in the group of patients with other causes of cirrhosis(P = 0.001). Patients with ESLD due to A1 ATD had the lowest yearly cumulative rate of hepatocellular carcinoma at 0.88% per year compared to 2.7% for those with HCV cirrhosis,1.5% in patients with NASH and 0.9% in alcohol-induced liver disease(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Within this group of patients with ESLD,there was no significant association between A1 ATD and increased risk of HCC.

DETECTION OF ALPHA-1 ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA TISSUE

One hundred and fifty-three consecutive cases of HCC and 25 controls from autopsy material were studied by immunohistochemical method in this paper. A review of the histopathology and demonstration of AFP, alpha- 1-antichymotrypsin (AACT), alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) and CEA were made.Among the tumor markers. AACT yielded the highest positive rate, 109 cases (71%) out of 153 HCC. CEA was the next, 95 cases (62%) .AFP and AAT gave the same result, 72 cases (47%) . AACT, AAT and CEA were not found in the controls. AFP was present in a few hepatocytes in 1 of 25 controls. The results were in keeping with serum tests so far as the highest positive rate being AACT was concerned. Therefore, combined determination of AACT and AFP would seem a better screening method than by that of AFP alone for survey of HCC.

On the Activities of Pancreatic Proteases and Alpha-1 Proteinase Inhibitor in Meat-Type Chicken

The study was aimed at the evaluation of the effects of breed, age, different digestion stimulators, and dietary crude protein (CP) level on the activities of proteolytic enzymes in pancreatic tissue and duodenal chymus (in vivo), serum trypsin and α1-proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) concentrations in meat-type chicks. The study of age dynamics of trypsin and A1PI concentrations was performed on the chicks of hybrid cross “Smena-8”and two parental lines (Plymouth Rock and Cornish) fed standard commercial corn-wheat-SBM diets. Twenty birds per breed were euthanized at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age to obtain blood samples and pancreatic homogenate. Experiments on the effects of different digestion promotors (probiotic, acidifier, phytobiotic, enzymatic preparation) and different CP levels (finisher diet, CP 20%, vs. ground corn, CP 8.5%) were performed on 12 hybrid chicks with fistulated duodenum from 14 to 50 days of age. The following conclusions were made: 1) At 1 day of age high proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue and maximal serum concentrations of trypsin and A1PI were found in both hybrid and parental lines. Since 7 to 35 days of age A1PI concentration was nearly constant, serum trypsin concentration decreased while proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue exhibited undulate increase;2) Proteolytic activity in pancreatic tissue was higher in hybrids compared to the parental lines from 7 to 35 days of age (p 0.05);3) Supplementation of diet with exogenous enzymes stimulated the digestion due to the increase in protease activity in duodenal chymus by 9.1% compared to unsupplemented control (p 0.05);4) Proteolytic activity in duodenal chymus significantly responded to the substitution of ground corn for the complete diet by 2-fold decrease while serum trypsin concentration responded by 2.5-fold increase (p 0.001). This fact can indicate that physiological functions of digestive proteases are not confined to the digestive processes.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF ALPHA-1-ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN IN GLIOMA

GFAP is a specific antigen of glial element, but Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin has not been reported in the literature. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin was guided by GFAP using PAP method to the astrocytes of 137 gliomas. 120 (87%) gliomas were positive for Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Of these 120 gliomas, 86 (72%) gave diffuse distribution, 17 (14%) gave focal distribution, and 17 (14%) gave scattered distributions. Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin in glioma tissue may be an important tumor marker for diagnosis.

Managing panniculitis in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: Systematic review of evidence behind treatment

AIM To systematically review literature for management of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD) panniculitis. METHODS Multiple databases were searched using combinations of pertinent terms. Articles were selected describing panniculitis treatment in patients with AAT < 11 μmol and/or PiZZ genotype, with no language limitation. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. Independent review of abstracts and full manuscripts was conducted by 2 reviewers, and quality assessment by one reviewer(checked by a second). Data extraction was conducted byone reviewer(checked by a second). Narrative synthesis only was conducted, as data were unsuitable for metaanalysis.RESULTS Thirty-two case reports and 4 case series were found. Augmentation therapy(infusions of plasma-derived AAT) was the most successful, with complete resolution of symptoms in all patients. Dapsone is a less expensive option, and it achieved clinical resolution in 62% of patients, but it is very poorly tolerated. Among other single-agent antibiotics, doxycycline was the most successful with complete clinical resolution seen in 33% of patients. Immunosuppressants were largely unsuccessful; 80% of patients exhibited no response. Liver transplantation and therapeutic plasma exchange displayed complete resolution in 66% of patients. Other strategies, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics other than dapsone did not show sufficient response rates to recommend their use. Authors note the risk of bias imposed by the type of evidence(case reports, case series) available in this field.CONCLUSION Dapsone is the recommended first line therapy for AATD panniculitis, followed by augmentation therapy. Plasma exchange may be an alternative in the setting of rapidly progressive disease.

SlimQuick ^_(TM)-associated hepatotoxicity in a woman with alpha-1 antitrypsin heterozygosity

Green tea (Camellia sinensis)-associated hepatotoxicity is reported. However, the presence of alpha-1 antitrypsin MZ phenotype as a predisposing factor to green tea-associated drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is unknown. A previously healthy woman with alpha-1 antitrypsin MZ phenotype who took SlimQuick?, an herbal supplement containing green tea extract, developed severe hepatotoxicity requiring corticosteroid treatment. Green tea-associated hepatotoxicity is reviewed and alpha-1 antitrypsin MZ phenotype as a predisposing factor to green tea-associated DILI is discussed. Liver biopsy demonstrated marked inflammation with necrosis suggestive of toxic injury with diffuse alpha-1 antitrypsin globule deposition on immunostaining. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in rapid clinical improvement. Alpha-1 antitrypsin MZ phenotype may increase vulnerability to herbal hepatotoxicity.

alpha-1抗胰蛋白酶在Stanford A型主动脉夹层血管重构中的作用及分子机制的研究

目的:探究α-1抗胰蛋白酶在A型主动脉夹层发病和治疗中的作用与机制。方法:取2012年4月～2016年4月在我院行手术治疗的Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者8例、升主动脉瘤患者8例、正常组8例的资料信息,比较各组血管组织中AAT的蛋白和基因表达水平同时检测血清中AAT含量的变化。使用人原代血管内皮细胞验证AAT对于血管内皮细胞在胰酶刺激下发生细胞凋亡的保护作用,采用皮下缓释angⅡ和血管注射胰酶构建比格犬血管夹层模型,给予AAT治疗后检测Caspase家族蛋白及基因的表达水平。结果:使用RT-PCR及Western blot检测,发现在A型血管夹层患者和主动脉瘤及正常人血管组织中均有不同程度的AAT表达,其中在主动脉瘤患者中AAT表达水平较正常组显著升高(P<0. 05),在A型主动脉夹层患者中AAT表达较正常组显著下调(P<0. 05);在人原代血管内皮细胞中使用AAT预孵育12 h后原代在MMP-2/9压力的作用下,其组织表达的Caspase家族蛋白Caspase-3、Caspase-8较PBS预孵育组显著下调。在动物模型体内,AAT治疗能够显著下调Caspase家族蛋白的mRNA和蛋白水平(P<0. 05)。结论:AAT能够通过抑制Caspase家族蛋白的激活进而抑制血管内皮细胞的凋亡,最终保护血管组织,阻止其形成动脉夹层。

Efficacy of thymosin alpha-1 and interferon alpha in treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B:A randomized controlled study

AIM: To observe the efficiency and safety of thymosin-α1 treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA positive chronic hepatitis. METHODS: Sixty-two patients were randomly divided into groups A and B. The patients in group A received subcutaneous injection of 1.6 mg thymosin-α1, twice a week (T-α1 group) for six months, and the patients in group B received 5 MU interferon alpha (IFN-α) each day for fifteen days, then three times weekly (IFN-α group) for six months. The results between two groups treated with and the group untreated with IFN-α which was followed up for 12 mo (historical control group consisting of 30 patients) were compared, and three groups were comparable between each other (P > 0.05) at baseline (age, sex, clinical history, biochemical, and serological parameters). RESULTS: At the end of treatment, complete response, which was defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization and HBV DNA and HBeAg loss, occurred in 9 of 29 (31.0%) patients in the T-α1 group and in 15 of 33 (45.5%) patients in the IFN-α group (c2 = 1.36, P >0.05). After a follow-up period of six months, a complete response was observed in 14 of 29 (48.3%) patients in the T-α1 group and in 9 of 33 (27.3%) patients in the IFN-α group (c2 = 2.93, P > 0.05). Compared with the results observed in the historical control (HC) group untreated with IFN-α which was followed up for 12 mo, the rate of complete response was significantly higher in IFN-α group at the end of therapy (1 of 30 vs 15 of 33, c2 = 14.72, P < 0.001) and in the T-α1 group at the end of follow-up (1 of 30 vs 14 of 29, c2 = 15.71, P < 0.001). In T-α1 and IFN-α treatment groups, the area under (the plasma concentration time) curve (AUC) of negative HBV DNA and HBeAg was 34%, 17%, 31% and 19% smaller than that in the HC group. By the end of the follow- up period, the proportions of ALT normalization and negative HBV DNA in the T-α1 group were significantly higher than those in the IFN-α and HC groups. The odds of ALT normalization and negative HBV DNA at the end of the follow-up was three-fold higher in the T-α1 group than in the IFN-α group. Unlike IFN-α, T-α1 was well tolerated by all patients, and no side effects appeared in T-α1 group.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a 6-mo course of T-α1 therapy is effective and safe in patients with chronic hepatitis B. T-α1 is able to reduce HBV replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Furthermore, T-α1 is better tolerated than IFN-α and can gradually induce more sustained ALT normalization and HBV DNA and HBeAg loss. However, a response rate of 48.3% is still less ideal. A more effective therapeutic approach warrants further study.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency resulting in a hitherto unseen presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma:Polycythemia but with normal alpha fetoprotein

红血球增多症是已知的帕拉肝细胞瘤的肿瘤的表明，但是仅仅面对 alpha-fetopro (法新社) 。我们在场当法新社不在时的红血球增多症的一个盒子，并且为违背这条规则作为原因建议并发的 alpha-1-antitrypsin 缺乏。我们也在肝细胞瘤为在红血球增多症和法新社之间的明显的经常的连词建议一个原因。

骨肉瘤组织中GFRA1、FBN1表达水平及意义

目的探讨胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子受体1(GFRA1)、原纤维蛋白-1(FBN1)在骨肉瘤组织中表达水平及意义。方法收集2017年9月至2019年9月住院手术的66例骨肉瘤患者治疗精细切除骨肉瘤组织标本及癌旁组织标本,同时收集整理其临床分期、肿瘤直径、肿瘤分化程度等临床资料。采用免疫组织化学法检测GFRA1、FBN1蛋白表达;骨肉瘤组织GFRA1、FBN1表达与患者预后的关系采用Kaplan-Meier法分析;多因素Logistic回归分析骨肉瘤患者预后的影响因素。结果与癌旁组织相比,骨肉瘤组织中GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达率明显较高(P<0.05)。GFRA1、FBN1的表达与骨肉瘤患者的临床分期、分化程度、是否发生肺转移、软组织是否浸润有关(P<0.05),与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、肿瘤位置无关(P>0.05);骨肉瘤组织GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达患者3年生存率低于FBN1阴性表达患者(P<0.05)。GFRA1、FBN1阳性表达、肿瘤转移、软组织浸润是骨肉瘤患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论GFRA1、FBN1的表达与骨肉瘤患者的临床病理特征及预后有关,可以作为骨肉瘤患者预后评估的指标。

血清LRG1水平与急性缺血性脑卒中患者认知障碍和卒中复发的关系

目的探讨血清富亮氨酸α-2糖蛋白-1(LRG1)水平在判断急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者认知障碍中的价值及其与卒中复发的关系。方法选取2020年1月—2021年10月南阳市中心医院AIS患者125例,收集所有患者的临床资料和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血脂检测结果,并检测血清LRG1水平。依据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)将患者分为认知障碍组(MoCA评分<26分)和无认知障碍组(MoCA评分≥26分)。依据6个月后的卒中复发情况分为复发组和未复发组。采用Pearson相关分析或Spearman相关分析评估LRG1与其他指标的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析评估AIS患者发生认知障碍的危险因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标判断AIS患者发生认知障碍和卒中复发的效能。结果认知障碍组总胆固醇(TC)水平和高血脂所占比例均显著高于无认知障碍组(P<0.05),LRG1和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平均显著低于无认知障碍组(P<0.001),其他临床资料2个组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关分析和Spearman相关分析结果显示,发生认知障碍的AIS患者血清LRG1与HDL-C呈正相关(r=0.497,P<0.05),与高血脂、TC呈负相关(r值分别为-0.492、-0.486,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,LRG1和HDL-C水平降低是AIS患者发生认知障碍的危险因素[比值比(OR)值分别为0.845、0.876,95%可信区间(CI)分别为0.748~0.954、0.793~0.968,P<0.05]。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清LRG1、HDL-C单项检测和联合检测判断AIS患者发生认知障碍的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.840、0.670、0.851。复发组血清LRG1和HDL-C水平均低于未复发组(P<0.05),TC水平和高血脂所占比例均高于未复发组(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清LRG1、HDL-C、TC单项检测和联合检测判断AIS患者卒中复发的AUC分别为0.781、0.696、0.806、0.899。结论血清LRG1水平与AIS患者认知障碍和卒中复发有关,或可作为此类患者认知障碍和卒中复发的预测指标。

羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗小儿急性喘息性支气管炎的效果

目的分析急性喘息性支气管炎患儿接受重组人干扰素α1b单药与联合羧甲司坦口服溶液治疗的效果。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年6月医院收治的100例急性喘息性支气管炎患儿资料,按不同治疗方案分为对照组、观察组,各50例。对照组接受重组人干扰素α1b治疗,观察组接受羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗。比较两组临床疗效、主要症状缓解时间、气道炎症相关因子[趋化因子配体3(CCL3)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、α1-酸性糖蛋白(α1-AG)]、T淋巴细胞(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))及不良反应。结果观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组气促、喘息、咳嗽、肺部音等症状缓解时间降低(P<0.05)。治疗4、7 d后,两组CCL3、HMGB1、α1-AG较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗急性喘息性支气管炎,可抑制气道炎症,调节机体免疫,促进症状缓解,疗效确切,且安全性高。

联合检测CHI3L1、AFP和GGT在乙肝相关肝癌患者中的相关性研究

目的探讨血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(chitinase-3-like protein 1,CHI3L1)、甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)和γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-glutamyl transferase,GGT)检测在乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染相关肝癌诊断中的临床应用价值。方法选取2021年7月—2023年7月在玉林市第一人民医院就诊HBV病毒感染相关的50例肝癌患者,50例肝硬化患者,50例慢性乙型肝炎患者以及50名同期健康体检者作为研究对象。比较4组研究对象血清中CHI3L1、AFP、GGT、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)等水平的差异,用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线评估各指标在肝癌中的诊断价值。结果肝炎组、肝硬化组、肝癌组的CHI3L1、AST、ALT水平均高于对照组,肝癌组AFP、GGT水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与肝炎组比较,肝硬化组及肝癌组的CHI3L1、AFP、GGT、AST、ALT水平均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与肝硬化组比较,肝癌组的CHI3L1、AFP、GGT、AST水平均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CHI3L1、AFP、GGT联合时的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)最大(AUC=0.936)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,CHI3L1与AST呈正相关(r=0.414,P=0.003),AFP与GGT呈正相关(r=0.437,P=0.002),AFP与AST呈正相关(r=0.504,P<0.001),GGT与AST呈正相关(r=0.759,P<0.001),GGT与ALT呈正相关(r=0.636,P<0.001)。结论CHI3L1、AFP及GGT联合检测可提高肝癌的诊断价值,对临床肝癌患者诊疗有重要作用。

DCLK1和ITGA5在非小细胞肺癌患者中的表达及其与临床病理特征及预后的关系研究

目的 检测非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者血清双皮质素样激酶1(doublecortin-like kinase 1,DCLK1)和整合素α5(integrin alpha5,ITGA5)水平并讨论二者与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法 选取2017年6月1日至2020年7月1日在我院收治的116例NSCLC患者(NSCLC组)作为研究对象,收集同期100例健康受试者作为对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测NSCLC组和对照组受试者血清中DCLK1和ITGA5的水平;根据预后情况将患者分为生存组和死亡组,ROC曲线分析血清DCLK1、ITGA5的水平对NSCLC患者3年发生死亡的预测价值,多因素Cox回归分析影响NSCLC患者发生死亡的因素。结果 NSCLC组患者血清DCLK1、ITGA5的水平高于对照组(P<0.05);不同吸烟史、TNM分期、分化程度、肿瘤直径以及淋巴结转移的NSCLC患者血清DCLK1、ITGA5的水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);死亡组患者血清DCLK1、ITGA5的水平均高于生存组(P<0.05);血清DCLK1、ITGA5单独及联合预测患者发生死亡的AUC分别为0.895(95%CI=0.824~0.944)、0.828(95%CI=0.747~0.892)、0.926(95%CI=0.862~0.966);DCLK1、ITGA5及淋巴结转移是影响NSCLC患者发生死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 NSCLC患者血清DCLK1、ITGA5的水平异常升高,二者的表达水平与NSCLC患者临床病理特征和不良预后有关。

α1-抗胰蛋白酶对未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠运动功能的影响

目的探讨α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1-antitrypsin,AAT)对未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠成年期运动功能的影响。方法将5日龄C57BL/6J幼鼠随机分为假手术组(n=27)、缺氧缺血(hypoxia-ischemia,HI)+生理盐水组(n=27)、HI+AAT组(n=27)。通过HI法建立未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠模型。HI+AAT组分别于HI前24 h、HI后立即及HI后72 h腹腔注射AAT(50 mg/kg);HI+生理盐水组在相同时间腹腔注射相同剂量生理盐水。造模后7 d和55 d进行头颅磁共振T2加权成像扫描。2月龄时利用Catwalk步态分析系统评估成年期小鼠的静态、动态和协调性参数。结果与假手术组小鼠相比,HI损伤小鼠造模后7 d头颅磁共振T2加权像呈现高信号,可见脑白质明显损伤;造模后55 d脑白质损伤仍存在。与假手术组小鼠相比,HI+生理盐水组小鼠爪印面积、最大接触面积、平均压强、最大压强、爪印宽度、平均速度、身体速度、步幅长度、摆动速度、步态模式AA占比、爪印耦合(左后爪→左前爪)占比降低(P<0.05);HI+生理盐水组爪间距离、步态模式AB占比、位相滞后(左前爪→左后爪)占比升高(P<0.05)。与HI+生理盐水组小鼠相比,HI+AAT组小鼠平均速度、身体速度、步幅长度、摆动速度(右前爪)升高(P<0.05)。结论未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠在成年期可表现出明显运动功能障碍,而应用AAT可改善其部分运动功能。

益气升清方调节HIF-1α/NLRP3信号通路对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的影响

目的 探究益气升清方调节缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的影响。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(S组),模型组(M组),益气升清方低、中、高剂量组(3.465、6.930、13.860 g/kg)及益气升清方高剂量+HIF-1α激活剂DMOG组(13.860 g/kg益气升清方+40 mg/kg DMOG),每组15只。采用线栓法构建脑卒中模型。造模成功后进行神经功能缺陷评估;TTC染色评估脑梗死体积;ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18水平;HE染色检测缺血皮质区病理变化;TUNEL染色检测神经元凋亡;Western blot检测焦亡及HIF-1α/NLRP3通路相关蛋白表达。结果 与S组比较,M组神经功能缺陷评分、梗死体积、IL-1β含量、IL-18含量、神经细胞凋亡率、胞膜穿孔蛋白D-N端(GSDMD-N)、胱天蛋白酶1(Caspase-1)、HIF-1α、NLRP3蛋白水平均上升(P<0.05);与M组比较,低、中、高剂量益气升清方组神经功能缺陷评分、梗死体积、IL-1β含量、IL-18含量、神经细胞凋亡率、GSDMD-N、Caspase-1、HIF-1α、NLRP3蛋白水平均下调(P<0.05);DMOG减弱了高剂量益气升清方对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的改善作用。结论 益气升清方可能通过下调HIF-1α/NLRP3信号通路减轻缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡。