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Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation 被引量:2
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作者 FENG Xu-yu PU Jing-xuan +5 位作者 LIU Hai-jun WANG Dan LIU Yu-hang QIAO Shu-ting LEI Tao LIU Rong-hao 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期897-907,共11页
Alternate partial root-zone drip fertigation (ADF) is a combination of alternating irrigation and drip fertigation,with the potential to save water and increase nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency.A 2-year greenhouse e... Alternate partial root-zone drip fertigation (ADF) is a combination of alternating irrigation and drip fertigation,with the potential to save water and increase nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency.A 2-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different fertigation frequencies on the distribution of soil moisture and nutrients and tomato yield under ADF.The treatments included three ADF frequencies with intervals of 3 days (F3),6 days (F6) and 12 days (F12),and conventional drip fertigation as a control (CK),which was fertilized once every 6 days.For the ADF treatments,two drip tapes were placed 10 cm away on each side of the tomato row,and alternate drip irrigation was realized using a manual valve on the distribution tapes.For the CK treatment,a drip tape was located close to the roots of the tomato plants.The total N application rate of all treatments was 180 kg ha^(-1).The total irrigation amounts applied to the CK treatment were450.6 and 446.1 mm in 2019 and 2020,respectively;and the irrigation amounts applied to the ADF treatments were 60%of those of the CK treatment.The F3 treatment resulted in water and N being distributed mainly in the 0–40-cm soil layer with less water and N being distributed in the 40–60-cm soil layer.The F6 treatment led to 21.0 and 29.0%higher 2-year average concentration of mineral N in the 0–20 and 20–40-cm soil layer,respectively and a 23.0%lower N concentration in the 40–60-cm soil layer than in the CK treatment.The 2-year average tomato yields of the F3,F6,F12,and CK treatments were 107.5,102.6,87.2,and 98.7 t ha^(-1),respectively.The tomato yield of F3 was significantly higher (23.3%) than that in the F12 treatment,whereas there was no significant difference between the F3 and F6 treatment.The F6 treatment resulted in yield similar to the CK treatment,indicating that ADF could maintain tomato yield with a 40%saving in water use.Based on the distribution of water and N,and tomato yield,a fertigation frequency of 6 days under ADF should be considered as a water-saving strategy for greenhouse tomato production. 展开更多
关键词 alternate partial root-zone irrigation drip fertigation soil water soil mineral content tomato yield
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Alternate Furrow Irrigation: A Practical Way to Improve Grape Quality and Water Use Efficiency in Arid Northwest China 被引量:6
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作者 DU Tai-sheng KANG Shao-zhong +1 位作者 YAN Bo-yuan ZHANG Jian-hua 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第3期509-519,共11页
Field experiments were conducted for two years to investigate the benefits of alternate furrow irrigation on fruit yield, quality and water use efficiency of grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Rizamat) in the arid region ... Field experiments were conducted for two years to investigate the benefits of alternate furrow irrigation on fruit yield, quality and water use efficiency of grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Rizamat) in the arid region of Northwest China. Two irrigation treatments were included, i.e., conventional furrow irrigation (CFI, two root-zones were simultaneously irrigated during the consecutive irrigation) and alternate partial root-zone furrow irrigation (AFI, two root-zones were alternatively irrigated during the consecutive irrigation). Results indicate that AFI maintained similar photosynthetic rate (Pn) but with a reduced transpiration rate when compared to CFI. As a consequence, AFI improved water use efficiency based on evapotranspiration (WUEEr, fruit yield over water consumed) and irrigation (WUE~, fruit yield over water irrigated) by 30.0 and 34.5%, respectively in 2005, and by 12.7 and 17.7%, respectively in 2006. AFI also increased the edible percentage of berry by 2.91-4.79% significantly in both years. Vitamin C (Vc) content content of berry was increased by 25.6-37.5%, and tritrated acidity (TA) was reduced by 9.5-18.1% in AFI. This resulted in an increased total soluble solid content (TSS) to TA ratio (TSS/TA) by 11.5-16.7% when compared to CFI in both years. Our results indicate that alternate furrow irrigation is a practical way to improve grape fruit quality and water use efficiency for irrigated crops in arid areas. 展开更多
关键词 alternate furrow irrigation partial root-zone irrigation fruit yield water use efficiency fruit quality grape(Fitis vinifera L.
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Stem flow of seed-maize under alternate furrow irrigation and double-row ridge planting in an arid region of Northwest China 被引量:3
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作者 BO Xiao-dong DU Tai-sheng +2 位作者 DING Ri-sheng TONG Ling LI Si-en 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第7期1434-1445,共12页
Maize is widely planted throughout the world and has the highest yield of all the cereal crops. The arid region of North- west China has become the largest base for seed-maize production, but water shortage is the bot... Maize is widely planted throughout the world and has the highest yield of all the cereal crops. The arid region of North- west China has become the largest base for seed-maize production, but water shortage is the bottleneck for its long-term sustainability. Investigating the transpiration of seed-maize plants will offer valuable information for suitable planting and irrigation strategies in this arid area. In this study, stem flow was measured using a heat balance method under alternate furrow irrigation and double-row ridge planting. Meteorological factors, soil water content (e), soil temperature (Ts) and leaf area (LA) were also monitored during 2012 and 2013. The diurnal stem flow and seasonal dynamics of maize plants in the zones of south side female parent (SFP), north side female parent (NFP) and male parent (MP) were investigated. The order of stem flow rate was: SFP〉MP〉NFP. The relationships between stem flow and influential factors during three growth stages at different time scales were analyzed. On an hourly scale, solar radiation (Rs) was the main driving factor of stem flow. The influence of air temperature (Ta) during the maturity stage was significantly higher than in other periods. On a daily scale, Rs was the main driving factor of stem flow during the heading stage. During the filling growth stage, the main driving factor of NFP and MP stem flow was RH and Ts, respectively. However, during the maturity stage, the environ- mental factors had no significant influence on seed-maize stem flow. For different seed-maize plants, the main influential factors were different in each of the three growing seasons. Therefore, we identified them to accurately model the FP and MP stem flow and applied precision irrigation under alternate partial root-zone furrow irrigation to analyze major factors affecting stem flow in different scales. 展开更多
关键词 stem flow alternate partial root-zone furrow irrigation double-row ridge planting seed-maize
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Effects of Alternative Partial Root-zone Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Plukenetia volubilis Seedlings
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作者 耿艳菁 蔡传涛 蔡志全 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第4期890-895,共6页
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of alternative partial rootzone irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on the potted seedlings of Plukenetia volubilis.A total of 7 treatments were designed with three facto... This study was aimed to investigate the effects of alternative partial rootzone irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on the potted seedlings of Plukenetia volubilis.A total of 7 treatments were designed with three factors, i.e., irrigation amount, irrigation mode and nitrogen fertilizer. The growth, photosynthesis and water use efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that compared with those under full irrigation, the biomass and water consumption under alternative partial root-zone irrigation were reduced by 5% and 75%, respectively, and the water use efficiency was increased by 60%. Under severe drought conditions, the root cap ratio in the nitrogen fertilizer treatment group was increased by 30%; the leaf area index, photosynthetic rate and biomass under alternative partial root-zone irrigation were reduced by 38%, 9% and 18%, respectively. It indicates that under severe drought conditions, alternative partial root-zone irrigation is not suitable to be matched with application of nitrogen fertilizer. In short, under moderate drought conditions, alternative partial root-zone irrigation could reduce transpiration and improve water use efficiency, and it is an effective water-saving irrigation technology for the plantation of P.volubilis plants. 展开更多
关键词 Plukenetia volubilis L. alternative partial root-zone irrigation Nitrogen fertilizer GROWTH Water-use efficiency
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Influences of alternate partial root-zone irrigation and urea rate on water-and nitrogen-use efficiencies in tomato 被引量:5
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作者 Liu Xiaogang Li Fusheng +2 位作者 Zhang Fucang Cai Huanjie Yang Qiliang 《International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS 2017年第6期94-102,共9页
Traditional water and fertilizer inputs are often much higher than the actual demands of tomato,which causes a reduction in water-and fertilizer-use efficiencies.To investigate the advantage of alternate partial root-... Traditional water and fertilizer inputs are often much higher than the actual demands of tomato,which causes a reduction in water-and fertilizer-use efficiencies.To investigate the advantage of alternate partial root-zone irrigation(AI)on water-and nitrogen(N)-use efficiencies of tomato modified by water and N management,taking conventional irrigation(CI)as the control,the effects of AI on root morphology and activity,fruit yield and water and N use efficiency were studied using pot experiments.There were four combinations of irrigation levels and growing stages of tomato for AI,i.e.AI_(1)(high water(W_(H))from blooming to harvest stage(BHS)),AI_(2)(W_(H)from blooming to fruit setting stage(BFS)and low water(W_(L))at the harvest stage(HS)),AI_(3)(W_(L)at BFS and W_(H)at HS)and AI_(4)(W_(L)at BHS)at three urea rates,i.e.low urea rate(NL),middle urea rate(N_(M))and high urea rate(N_(H))in the form of urea.Irrigation quotas for W_(H)and W_(L)in AI at BFS or HS were 80%and 60%of that in CI,respectively.Compared to CI,AI decreased water consumption by 16.0%-33.1%and increased water use efficiency of yield(WUE_(y))and dry mass(WUE_(d))by 6.7%-11.9%and 10.2%-15.9%,respectively.AI_(1)did not decline yield,total N uptake(TNU)and N use efficiency(NUE)significantly.Compared to NL,N_(M)enhanced tomato yield,TNU,WUE_(y)and WUE_(d)by 28.5%,35.3%,22.6%and 16.3%,respectively.Compared to CINL,AI_(1)N_(M)reduced water consumption by 12.5%,but increased tomato yield,TNU,WUE_(y)and WUE_(d)by 35.5%,58.4%,54.4%and 53.7%,respectively.Therefore,AI_(1)can improve water use efficiency and total N uptake of tomato simultaneously at medium urea rate. 展开更多
关键词 alternate partial root-zone irrigation nitrogen level nitrogen uptake TOMATO water use efficiency YIELD
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Alternate partial root-zone irrigation with high irrigation frequency improves root growth and reduces unproductive water loss by apple trees in arid north-west China 被引量:2
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作者 Shaoqing DU Ling TONG +4 位作者 Shaozhong KANG Fusheng LI Taisheng DU Sien LI Risheng DING 《Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering》 2018年第2期188-196,共9页
Alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI)can improve water use efficiency in arid areas. However,the effectiveness and outcomes of different frequencies of APRI on water uptake capacity and physiological water use ... Alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI)can improve water use efficiency in arid areas. However,the effectiveness and outcomes of different frequencies of APRI on water uptake capacity and physiological water use have not been reported. A two-year field experiment was conducted with two irrigation amounts(400 and500 mm) and three irrigation methods(conventional irrigation, APRI with high and low frequencies). Root length density, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate, leaf water use efficiency, midday stem and leaf water potentials were measured. The results show that in comparison with conventional irrigation, APRI with high frequency significantly increased root length density and decreased water potentials and stomatal conductance.No differences in the above indicators between the two APRI frequencies were detected. A significantly positive relationship between stomatal conductance and root length density was found under APRI. Overall, alternate partial root-zone irrigation with high frequency has a great potential to promote root growth, expand water uptake capacity and reduce unproductive water loss in the arid apple production area. 展开更多
关键词 alternate partial root-zone irrigation apple tree leaf water use efficiency root length density stomatal conductance water potential
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Evaluation of tomato fruit quality response to water and nitrogen management under alternate partial root-zone irrigation 被引量:1
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作者 Yang Hui Cao Hongxia +3 位作者 Hao Xinmei Guo Lijie Li Hongzheng Wu Xuanyi 《International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS 2017年第5期85-94,共10页
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different water and nitrogen supply amounts on the comprehensive assessment of tomato fruit quality and root growth parameters under alternate partial root-... A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different water and nitrogen supply amounts on the comprehensive assessment of tomato fruit quality and root growth parameters under alternate partial root-zone irrigation.Three upper irrigation limitations(i.e.70%(W1),80%(W2)and 90%(W3)of field capacity,respectively)and three N-fertilizer levels(i.e.0.18(N1),0.30(N2)and 0.42(N3)g/kg soil,respectively)were arranged with a randomized complete block design,and alternate partial root-zone irrigation method was applied.Results showed that fruit yields under deficit irrigation(W1 and W2)were decreased by 6.9%and 2.0%respectively compared with W3 under N1 level.Yields of tomato under W1N1 and W1N2 combinations were also reduced by 10.3%and 7.2%,respectively compared with W1N3 combination.Root dry weight,root length,root surface area and root volume were all increased in W1N2 treatment.According to two-way ANOVA,the root parameters except root dry weight,were extremely sensitive to water,nitrogen and the cross effect of the two factors.TSS(total soluble solids),SS(soluble sugars)and OA(organic acid)in the fruits increased with the decrease in irrigation water,OA and NC reduced with decreasing amount of nitrogen.Moreover,within an appropriate range,as more irrigation water and nitrogen were applied,the higher VC(vitamin C)and lycopene contents were identified in the fruits.Eventually,the combinational evaluation method(i.e.entropy method and gray relational analysis)showed that W2N2 ranked highest in comprehensive fruit quality.Therefore,considering the tradeoff between fruit comprehensive quality and yields,upper irrigation limitation of 80%θf and N-fertilizer of 0.30 g/kg soil with alternate partial root-zone irrigation was the optimal cultivation strategy for the greenhouse tomato in autumn-winter season in northwest China. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse tomato alternate partial root-zone irrigation water and nitrogen root growth comprehensive fruit quality
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Biochar and alternate partial root-zone irrigation greatly enhance the effectiveness of mulberry in remediating lead-contaminated soils
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作者 Lei Wang Qing-Lai Dang Binyam Tedla 《Journal of Plant Ecology》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第6期757-764,共8页
Aims Soil lead contamination has become increasingly serious and phytoremediation can provide an effective way to reclaim the contaminated soils.This study aims to examine the growth,lead resistance and lead accumulat... Aims Soil lead contamination has become increasingly serious and phytoremediation can provide an effective way to reclaim the contaminated soils.This study aims to examine the growth,lead resistance and lead accumulation of mulberry(Morus alba L.)seedlings at four levels of soil lead contamination with or without biochar addition under normal or alternative partial root-zone irrigation(APRI).Methods We conducted a three-factor greenhouse experiment with biochar(with vs.without biochar addition),irrigation method(APRI vs.normal irrigation)and four levels of soil lead(0,50,200 and 800 mg·kg^(-1)).The performance of the seedlings under different treatments was evaluated by measuring growth traits,osmotic substances,antioxidant enzymes and lead accumulation and translocation.Important Findings The results reveal that mulberry had a strong ability to acclimate to soil lead contamination,and that biochar and APRI synergistically increased the biomass and surface area of absorption root across all levels of soil lead.The seedlings were able to resist the severe soil lead contamination(800 mg·kg^(-1) Pb)by adjusting glutathione metabolism,and enhancing the osmotic and oxidative regulating capacity via increasing proline content and the peroxidase activity.Lead ions in the seedlings were primarily concentrated in roots and exhibited a dose–effect associated with the lead concentration in the soil.Pb,biochar and ARPI interactively affected Pb concentrations in leaves and roots,translocation factor and bioconcentration.Our results suggest that planting mulberry trees in combination with biochar addition and APRI can be used to effectively remediate lead-contaminated soils. 展开更多
关键词 Pb-contaminated soil PHYTOREMEDIATION Morus alba L. alternate partial root-zone irrigation BIOCHAR
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Biochar amendment modulates xylem ionic constituents and ABA signaling:Its implications in enhancing water-use efficiency of maize(Zea mays L.)under reduced irrigation regimes
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作者 Heng Wan Zhenhua Wei +3 位作者 Chunshuo Liu Xin Yang Yaosheng Wang Fulai Liu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 2025年第1期132-146,共15页
While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain unclear.Thus,the present study aims to... While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain unclear.Thus,the present study aims to elucidate the synergistic effects of biochar and reduced irrigation on maize(Zea mays L.)plants,focusing on xylem composition,root-to-shoot signaling,stomatal behavior,and WUE.Maize plants were cultivated in splitroot pots filled with clay loam soil,amended by either wheat-straw biochar(WSB)or softwood biochar(SWB)at 2%(w/w).Plants received full irrigation(FI),deficit irrigation(DI),or partial root-zone drying rrigation(PRD)from the 4-leaf to the grain-filling stage.Our results revealed that the WSB amendment significantly enhanced plant water status,biomass accumulation,and WUE under reduced irrigation,particularly when combined with PRD.Although reduced irrigation inhibited photosynthesis,it enhanced WUE by modulating stomatal morphology and conductance.Biochar amendment combined with reduced rrigation significantly increased xylem K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NO_(3)^(-),Cl^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),and SO_(4)^(2-)-but decreased Na+,which in turn lowered xylem pH.Moreover,biochar amendment and especially WSB amendment further increased abscisic acid(ABA)contents in both leaf and xylem sap under reduced irrigation conditions due to changes in xylem ionic constituents and pH.The synergistic interactions between xylem components and ABA led to refined adjustments in stomatal size and density,thereby affecting stomatal conductance and ultimately improving the WUE of maize plants at different scales.The combined application of WSB and PRD can,therefore,emerge as a promising approach for improving the overall plant performance of maize plants with increased stomatal adaptations and WUE,especially under water-limited conditions. 展开更多
关键词 biochar alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation xylem composition abscisic acid stomatal morphology stomatalconductance
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不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐及燕麦生长特征的影响
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作者 赵文举 张雪儿 +1 位作者 李建承 俞海英 《水土保持通报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期16-25,共10页
[目的]探究不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐变化规律及燕麦生长特征的影响,为提高盐碱地作物的生产效能和土壤水分管理提供科学参考。[方法]采用盆栽试验,设置3种灌溉方式:常规灌溉、固定单侧灌溉(fixed unilateral root zone irrigatio... [目的]探究不同灌溉方式和灌水量对土壤水盐变化规律及燕麦生长特征的影响,为提高盐碱地作物的生产效能和土壤水分管理提供科学参考。[方法]采用盆栽试验,设置3种灌溉方式:常规灌溉、固定单侧灌溉(fixed unilateral root zone irrigation,FURI)、交替灌溉(alternative partial root zone irrigation,APRI),3组灌水量:W_1(60%θ_f~70%θ_f,θ_f为田间持水率),W_2(70%θ_f~80%θ_f)和W_3(80%θ_f~90%θ_f),以常规灌溉作为对照,共9组交互处理。[结果](1)不同灌溉方式下,土壤各层含水率变化趋势基本一致,随灌水量增加洗盐效果越显著,常规灌溉的深层含水率总体高于其他两种灌溉方式。(2)燕麦株高、叶绿素相对含量(relative chlorophyll content of leaves,SPAD)、品质随灌水量的增加而上升,与常规灌溉相比,W_2灌溉水平下,分根交替灌溉处理的粗脂肪,粗蛋白,β-葡聚糖含量分别增加7.02%,3.76%,6.06%,但降低了燕麦叶片的SPAD值,影响其光合能力。(3)随着燕麦生育期的推进,土壤盐分均呈现不同程度的累积,分根交替灌溉的积盐率最低,同时对燕麦根系生长、水分利用效率及产量影响显著,其中根系总长、根系总表面积、根系总体积较相同灌水量(W_2)的常规灌溉分别增加6.75%,6.92%,12.5%,水分利用效率提高17.32%。[结论]采用分根交替灌溉方式下的中等灌水量(W_2)有利于提高燕麦的生产效能,对盐分累积的控制效果较好。 展开更多
关键词 分根交替灌溉 土壤水盐 燕麦 水分利用效率 品质
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分根区交替灌溉在农业生产中的应用研究进展
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作者 王瑛 孙群策 +4 位作者 张树振 姜志鹏 温炳涵 葛星宇 张博 《草地学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期995-1011,共17页
在全球水资源日益紧缺的背景下,如何提高农业用水利用效率,对于农业可持续发展具有重要意义。分根区交替灌溉作为一种具有较好前景的高效节水灌溉技术,被认为是未来最具发展潜力的灌溉技术之一。目前,各国科技工作者围绕分根区交替灌溉... 在全球水资源日益紧缺的背景下,如何提高农业用水利用效率,对于农业可持续发展具有重要意义。分根区交替灌溉作为一种具有较好前景的高效节水灌溉技术,被认为是未来最具发展潜力的灌溉技术之一。目前,各国科技工作者围绕分根区交替灌溉对作物生长、生理的影响方面开展了大量研究,并对其节水机制进行了解析,亟待总结梳理。本文回顾了分根区交替灌溉技术的发展历程,综述了分根区交替灌溉对作物生长发育、产量及品质的影响,归纳了该技术影响作物水分利用效率的生理机制,并对分根区交替灌溉在未来的研究方向进行了展望,以期为作物分根区交替灌溉节水灌溉机理研究和节水灌溉技术的革新提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 分根区交替灌溉 水分利用效率 产量 品质 节水机制
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根系分区交替滴灌对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响 被引量:102
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作者 杜太生 康绍忠 +1 位作者 胡笑涛 杨秀英 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第10期2061-2068,共8页
为了探讨旱区农业节水新途径,在甘肃省石羊河流域下游荒漠绿洲区采用常规滴灌和分根区交替滴灌方式研究不同灌溉方式对大田棉花生长发育、产量、水分利用效率以及土壤水分分布的影响。结果表明,交替滴灌处理棉花叶片气孔开度减小,减少... 为了探讨旱区农业节水新途径,在甘肃省石羊河流域下游荒漠绿洲区采用常规滴灌和分根区交替滴灌方式研究不同灌溉方式对大田棉花生长发育、产量、水分利用效率以及土壤水分分布的影响。结果表明,交替滴灌处理棉花叶片气孔开度减小,减少了奢侈的蒸腾损失,灌溉定额较小时根系分区交替滴灌对棉花的株高抑制作用较明显,灌水定额较大时限制作用不显著。根系分区交替滴灌技术在大田条件下可使籽棉产量比常规滴灌处理提高21.1%,总水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率分别提高17.9%和20.9%。同等产量水平下与常规滴灌相比,交替滴灌可节省30.8%的灌水量。本研究表明根系分区交替滴灌是一种切实可行的节水灌溉技术,可在干旱缺水的棉花生产地区进一步研究和推广应用。 展开更多
关键词 棉花 滴灌 分根交替灌溉 产量 水分利用效率 滴灌方式 棉花产量 分区 根系 灌溉水利用效率
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番茄垂向分根区交替控制滴灌室内试验及节水机理 被引量:30
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作者 胡笑涛 康绍忠 +3 位作者 张建华 张富仓 李志军 周良臣 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第7期1-5,共5页
开展了垂向分根区交替控制滴灌番茄试验研究,设中等水分处理和低水分处理的垂向分根区交替控制滴灌、中等水分处理的表面滴灌3个处理。结果表明:垂向分根区交替控制滴灌可以在作物上下根区层形成干湿交替的区域,在适宜水分条件下能够大... 开展了垂向分根区交替控制滴灌番茄试验研究,设中等水分处理和低水分处理的垂向分根区交替控制滴灌、中等水分处理的表面滴灌3个处理。结果表明:垂向分根区交替控制滴灌可以在作物上下根区层形成干湿交替的区域,在适宜水分条件下能够大大降低耗水强度,使耗水过程趋于平缓,有利于控制植株长势、壮大径杆直径,以及增加下层根系的比重与根冠比,番茄产量在无显著下降的情况下可实现节水46.5%。在较高的土壤水分下限条件下适时进行番茄垂向分根区交替控制滴灌能够有效降低设施农业的运行管理费用、增加番茄商品率及实现节约水资源的目的。 展开更多
关键词 节水灌溉 番茄 垂向分根区交替控制滴灌 控制性分根区交替灌溉
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果树根系分区交替灌溉研究进展 被引量:43
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作者 杜太生 康绍忠 +2 位作者 胡笑涛 张富仓 龚道枝 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第2期172-178,共7页
通过对国内外分根区交替灌溉研究成果分析,综述了一种既能满足果树水分需求,又能控制植株长势、减少“奢侈”蒸腾、改善果实品质的果园节水灌溉新技术——果树根系分区交替灌溉,阐明了其理论体系和节水优产机理,概述了与该技术有关的部... 通过对国内外分根区交替灌溉研究成果分析,综述了一种既能满足果树水分需求,又能控制植株长势、减少“奢侈”蒸腾、改善果实品质的果园节水灌溉新技术——果树根系分区交替灌溉,阐明了其理论体系和节水优产机理,概述了与该技术有关的部分根区干燥技术研究现状和存在的问题,提出了几种适合在果园应用的根系分区交替灌溉技术实施模式并对其可行性进行了探讨。分析了果树根系分区交替灌溉技术的应用前景和需要进一步研究的问题。 展开更多
关键词 果树 根系分区交替灌溉 部分根区干燥 节水机理
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分根区交替灌溉对马铃薯水氮利用效率的影响 被引量:26
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作者 李平 齐学斌 +6 位作者 樊向阳 吴海卿 乔冬梅 樊涛 赵志娟 黄仲冬 朱东海 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第6期92-95,共4页
分根区交替灌溉已被证实是一种有效节水灌溉技术同时保持作物产量,但有关分根区交替灌溉提高作物氮素利用效率、降低对水土环境的影响机理还不是很清楚。为了探明地下滴灌条件下充分灌溉及分根区交替灌溉(APRI)对马铃薯水氮利用效率的影... 分根区交替灌溉已被证实是一种有效节水灌溉技术同时保持作物产量,但有关分根区交替灌溉提高作物氮素利用效率、降低对水土环境的影响机理还不是很清楚。为了探明地下滴灌条件下充分灌溉及分根区交替灌溉(APRI)对马铃薯水氮利用效率的影响,通过田间小区试验,对各处理马铃薯全生育期灌水量、植株体氮素残留、土壤氮素残留及水氮利用效率进行了比较分析。研究结果表明:收获后,APRI处理(E、I、K)与充分灌水处理产量(F、J、L)差异不大,但APRI处理灌溉水利用效率显著高于充分灌水处理(p=0.05);充分灌水处理不同土层(0~30cm和30~60cm)土壤中残留硝态氮、矿物质氮较APRI处理高;APRI处理(I、K)作物氮利用效率及农田氮利用效率显著高于充分灌水处理(J、L)(p=0.05)。因此,APRI处理不仅能够显著提高作物的水分利用效率,而且还能显著提高土壤矿质氮的活性,有利于作物对土壤氮素的吸收利用。 展开更多
关键词 氮素吸收 氮素残留 分根区交替灌溉 地下滴灌 沟灌 马铃薯
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干旱荒漠绿洲区葡萄根系分区交替灌溉试验研究 被引量:52
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作者 杜太生 康绍忠 +2 位作者 闫博远 王锋 李志军 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第11期52-58,共7页
为了探讨西北旱区葡萄节水优质高效灌溉模式,于2004~2006年在甘肃河西走廊石羊河流域干旱荒漠绿洲区进行了田间试验,研究了根系分区交替滴灌、固定部分根区滴灌和常规滴灌三种灌溉模式对鲜食葡萄产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响。研究... 为了探讨西北旱区葡萄节水优质高效灌溉模式,于2004~2006年在甘肃河西走廊石羊河流域干旱荒漠绿洲区进行了田间试验,研究了根系分区交替滴灌、固定部分根区滴灌和常规滴灌三种灌溉模式对鲜食葡萄产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明,根系分区交替灌溉灌水量较常规滴灌减少1/2,其产量未有显著下降,而且显著提高了浆果V c含量,使果酸含量降低,可溶性固形物含量显著提高,成熟度明显改善。根系分区交替灌溉的水分利用效率较常规滴灌提高了37.36%。采用根系分区交替灌溉可以达到大量节水、提高葡萄品质和成熟度而不明显降低产量的目的,可以作为西北旱区果园有效的节水优质高效灌溉模式。 展开更多
关键词 根系分区交替灌溉 葡萄 品质 水分利用效率
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分根交替灌溉对桃树生长发育及水分利用效率的影响 被引量:24
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作者 宋磊 岳玉苓 +3 位作者 狄方坤 魏钦平 高照全 张继祥 《应用生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第7期1631-1636,共6页
以12年生桃树为对象,研究了分根交替灌溉(APRI)对半干旱气候条件下桃树生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:APRI处理的桃树湿润一侧土壤含水量随深度的增加而减小,而干旱一侧则随深度的增加而增大,二者含水量最大差值出现在土壤表... 以12年生桃树为对象,研究了分根交替灌溉(APRI)对半干旱气候条件下桃树生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:APRI处理的桃树湿润一侧土壤含水量随深度的增加而减小,而干旱一侧则随深度的增加而增大,二者含水量最大差值出现在土壤表层(0~25cm);每2周和每4周交替灌溉1次的APRI处理在黎明前叶水势明显低于常规对照(充分灌溉),但随着时间(白天)的推移,所有处理的叶水势都趋于降低,下午APRI处理与对照差异不显著.APRI处理桃产量比对照降低10%,但供水量减少了50%,水分利用率提高了75%;APRI处理明显降低了桃树植株的新梢生长量,但对果实直径没有显著影响. 展开更多
关键词 分根交替灌溉 桃树 水分利用效率 产量
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控制性根系分区交替灌溉对玉米根区土壤微生物及作物生长的影响 被引量:24
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作者 王金凤 康绍忠 +1 位作者 张富仓 李志军 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第10期2056-2062,共7页
【目的】研究不同的灌溉方法和灌水量对根区土壤微生物及作物生长的影响。【方法】利用盆栽试验对供试玉米采取3种灌水方式,即常规全部根系区域灌水(常规)、固定1/2根系区域灌水(固定)和交替1/2根系区域灌水(交替)。每种灌水方式设3种... 【目的】研究不同的灌溉方法和灌水量对根区土壤微生物及作物生长的影响。【方法】利用盆栽试验对供试玉米采取3种灌水方式,即常规全部根系区域灌水(常规)、固定1/2根系区域灌水(固定)和交替1/2根系区域灌水(交替)。每种灌水方式设3种供水水平:充分灌水(充分)、轻度水分亏缺(轻度)、重度水分亏缺(重度)。测定土壤微生物数量、作物株高、茎粗及叶面积,记录每次灌水量。【结果】在同一灌水方式下,轻度的水分亏缺处理下土壤微生物数量占有一定的优势,有时甚至高于充分灌水处理。交替1/2根系灌水根系两侧土壤微生物数量分布均匀。作物充分灌水时,生长最旺盛,轻度亏缺次之,重度最次。【结论】轻度的水分亏缺能有效地改善土壤的水分、通气等条件,从而有利于土壤微生物的繁殖。在不同灌水方式下,由于交替1/2根系灌水使根系区土壤处于交替干燥和湿润,在提供生命活动所需水分的同时,使土壤孔隙处于良好的通气条件下,为土壤微生物提供了有益的生存条件,因此显示出其明显的优越性。充分灌水处理中,常规方式灌水所得干物质量达到最大。交替灌充分灌水处理耗水与常规灌重度水分亏缺相近,但其干物质量却相对常规灌增加了50%。交替灌的水分利用效率达到最优。 展开更多
关键词 灌水方式 控制性根系分区交替灌溉 水分亏缺 土壤微生物 玉米
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不同根区交替滴灌方式对赤霞珠葡萄幼苗根冠生长的影响 被引量:16
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作者 于坤 郁松林 +3 位作者 刘怀锋 王文静 白泽晨 孙军利 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第4期113-120,共8页
为探讨不同根区交替滴灌供水模式对赤霞珠葡萄幼苗生长的影响,筛选出适合中国干旱区酿酒葡萄生产的最佳滴灌供水模式和方法。该研究以酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’)为试验材料,分别测定左侧地下穴贮滴... 为探讨不同根区交替滴灌供水模式对赤霞珠葡萄幼苗生长的影响,筛选出适合中国干旱区酿酒葡萄生产的最佳滴灌供水模式和方法。该研究以酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L.‘Cabernet Sauvignon’)为试验材料,分别测定左侧地下穴贮滴灌,右侧地表滴灌(SDI-DI)、两侧地下穴贮滴灌(SDI-SDI)、左侧地表滴灌,右侧地下穴贮滴灌(DI-SDI)、两侧地表滴灌(DI-DI)4种根区交替滴灌处理对赤霞珠葡萄幼苗根冠生物量、根系分布、根系活力及叶片生理功能的影响。结果表明:同一灌水条件下SDI-SDI、DI-SDI、SDI-DI能保持根冠比在较适宜水平(1-1.3),DI-DI所受胁迫较大,根冠比增加,植株正常生长受到限制;根系水平分布上DI-SDI与SDI-DI根区左侧与根区右侧根量指标差异较大,DI-DI与SDI-SDI根区左右两侧根量指标差异较小,其中DI-SDI根区右侧根量指标分别比根区左侧高13.3%、10.5%、14.0%、22.1%;根系垂直分布上一侧为SDI的根区交替滴灌能促进根系下扎,提高土层深度20-60 cm处根系的根系活力,其中根区右侧SDI-SDI与DI-SDI处理根表面积、根体积在土层深度〉20-40 cm处分布最多,根表面积分别占右侧根总表面积的48.8%、49.2%,根体积分别占右侧根总体积的47.5%、46.3%;灌水量一定的条件下,灌水侧为SDI的根区交替滴灌能有效维持同一灌水周期内地上部叶片光合性能的稳定,保持叶片瞬时水分利用效率在较高水平,适宜降低表层根量增加深层根量可提高植株叶片的净光合速率和蒸腾速率。综合生产成本、田间实际操作与植株根冠生长差异,该试验条件下采用一侧地表滴灌、一侧地下穴贮滴灌的根区交替滴灌供水模式为最佳处理。 展开更多
关键词 灌溉 水分 作物 葡萄 根冠生长 根区交替滴灌 地下穴贮滴灌
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根系分区交替灌溉对温室甜椒不同灌水下限的响应 被引量:26
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作者 孙华银 康绍忠 +1 位作者 胡笑涛 李志军 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第6期78-84,共7页
依据2006、2007年两年小区试验,对根系分区交替灌溉条件下温室甜椒生长、产量及水分利用效率对不同灌水下限的响应进行了研究。结果表明:占田间持水量60%的灌水下限(T3)处理甜椒叶片光合速率最大,有效地阻止无效蒸腾失水,水分利用效率最... 依据2006、2007年两年小区试验,对根系分区交替灌溉条件下温室甜椒生长、产量及水分利用效率对不同灌水下限的响应进行了研究。结果表明:占田间持水量60%的灌水下限(T3)处理甜椒叶片光合速率最大,有效地阻止无效蒸腾失水,水分利用效率最高,占田间持水量70%的灌水下限(T4)处理产量达到最高。对甜椒产量、水分利用效率与灌水下限之间的关系进行回归分析,得出30cm内当灌水下限为田间持水量的70%左右时,甜椒鲜质量小区产量可达最大值;当灌水下限为田间持水量的65%时,甜椒水分利用效率有最大值。综合考虑节水、增产和提高水分利用效率等多种因素,根系分区交替灌溉条件下温室甜椒灌水下限应控制在65%田间持水量左右为宜。 展开更多
关键词 根系分区交替灌溉 甜椒 灌水下限 产量 水分利用效率
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