Unusual clinical presentation of oral pyogenic granuloma with severe alveolar bone loss:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Pyogenic granuloma(PG)is a localized,reddish and vascularized hyperplastic lesion of the connective tissue which occurs in the oral cavity.In most cases,the presence of this lesion does not show alveolar bone resorption.The pathology is diagnosed clinically with some caution.However,the diagnosis and treatment are usually corroborated with histopathological evidence.CASE SUMMARY Three clinical cases of PG associated with bone loss were described in this study.The three patients presented tumor-like growth which bled on touch,and were associated with local irritant factors.Radiographs showed bone loss.All cases were treated with conservative surgical excision.The scarring was satisfactory,and there was no case of recurrence.The diagnoses were based on clinical findings,and were confirmed histopathologically.CONCLUSION The occurrence of oral PG with bone loss is unusual.Therefore,clinical and radiographic evaluations are important for the diagnosis.

Clinical efficacy,bone density,and follow-up in implant and orthodontic treatment for inclined adjacent teeth

BACKGROUND Tooth defects can cause elongation of occlusal teeth,leading to insufficient repair space.The combination of dental implant restoration and orthodontic treatment of oblique adjacent teeth has a significant therapeutic effect.AIM To explore clinical efficacy,bone density,and follow-up of implant and orthodontic treatment for patients with inclined adjacent teeth.METHODS In total,98 patients with oblique adjacent teeth were randomly assigned to implant restoration combined with orthodontic treatment(group A,n=49)or to receive implant restoration alone(group B,n=49).Changes in alveolar ridge bone density and apical bone density were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.Changes in chewing function and language function were compared between the two groups of patients.Follow-up lasted for 12 mo after repair to observe any adverse reactions in the oral cavity.RESULTS The clinical effective rates of group A and group B were 97.96%and 85.71%,respectively,with group A having a higher clinical effective rate than group B.After treatment,the bone density of the alveolar ridge and apical bone in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,while the chewing and language functions improved.The changes in various indicators in group A were more significant.After treatment,the satisfaction rate of group A(97.96%)was higher than that of group B(79.59%).The incidence of adverse reactions in group A(2.04%)was lower than that in group B(24.49%).CONCLUSION The amalgamation of implant restoration and orthodontic treatment for adjacent tilted teeth demonstrates notable clinical efficacy,diminishes alveolar bone resorption,and fosters patient functional rehabilitation while exhibiting negligible adverse reactions.

The Association between Lower Incisal Inclination and Morphology of the Supporting Alveolar Bone—A Cone-Beam CT Study

Aim To investigate the relationship between the positioning of the lower central incisor and physical morphology of the surrounding alveolar bone. Methodology Thirty-eight patients （18 males, 20 females）, with mean age of 13.4 years, were included in this study. As part of orthodontic treatment planning the patients were required to take dental Cone-beam CT （CBCT） covering the region of lower incisors, the sur- rounding alveolar bone and the mandibular symphysis. The cephalometric parameters were designed and measured to indicate the inclination of lower central incisor and physical morphology of the adjacent alveolar bone. Computer-aided descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 software package for Windows. A correlation analysis and a linear regression analysis between the incisor inclination and the alveolar bone morphology were performed. Results Significant positive correlations were found between the lower central incisor inclination and the morphological contour of the alveolar bone （P〈0.05）. The lower central incisor root apex was closer to the lingual alveolar crest when it was buccally inclined. Conclusion The morphology of the alveolar bone may be affected by incisal inclination.

Cone beam computed tomographic analyses of alveolar bone anatomy at the maxillary anterior region in Chinese adults

To provide an anatomical basis for clinical implant esthetics,we evaluated the morphology of the nasopalatine canal（NPC） and analyzed labial and interproximal bone anatomy at the maxillary anterior region.We sought to investigate the effect of maxillary protrusion and tooth labiolingual inclination on labial bone anatomy in Chinese adults.Three dimensional（3D） images were reconstructed using cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT） images from 80 Chinese subjects and by SimPlant 11.04.The dimensions of the NPC,the thickness and profile of the labial bone,the width and height of the interproximal bone,angle sella-nasion-subspinale（SNA） and angle upper central incisor-nasion,subspinale（U1-NA） were measured.The incisive foramen of the NPC was markedly wider than its nasal foramen.The dimension of its labial bone wall demonstrated an increasing width from the crestal to apical measurements.The labial bone at the maxillary anterior region was rather thin,especially at 3 mm below the cemento-enamel junction（CEJ） and the mid-root level;the profile of the labial bone was more curved at the central incisor,and the interproximal bone became wider and shorter posteriorly.There were significant relationships between maxillary protrusion and labial bone profile,tooth labiolingual inclination and labial bone thickness（P 〈 0.02）.To achieve optimal esthetic outcome of implant,bone augmentation is necessary at the maxillary anterior region.For immediate or early placement at the maxillary anterior region,the implant should be located palatally to reduce labial bone resorption and marginal recession;its apex should be angulated palatally to avoid labial perforation at the apical region.To protect the NPC,implants at the central incisor region should be placed away from NPC.

Effects of Er-Zhi-Wan on Microarchitecture and Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Alveolar Bone of Ovariectomized Rats

Recent studies have shown that Er-Zhi-Wan（EZW）, a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of Herba Ecliptae（HE） and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi（FLL）, had a definite antiosteoporotic effect on osteoporotic femur, but its effect on osteoporosis of alveolar bone remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Er-Zhi-Wan（EZW） on the microarchitecture and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the alveolar bone of ovariectomized rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups： sham operation group（sham, n=10）, ovariectomy（OVX） group（n=10）, and OVX with EZW treatment group（EZW group, n=10）. From one week after ovariectomy, EZW（100 mg/mL） or vehicle（distilled water） was fed（1 mL/100 g） once per day for 12 weeks until the sacrifice of the rats. The body weights were measured weekly. After sacrifice, the sera and mandible were collected and routinely prepared for the measurement of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture, serum levels of E2, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase（BALP） and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b（TRAP5b）, as well as mandibular mRNA expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway molecules wnt3a, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5（LRP5）, β-catenin and dickkopf homolog 1（DKK1）. The results showed that EZW treatment significantly prevented the body weight gain, degradation of alveolar trabecular microarchitecture and alveolar bone loss in the OVX rats. Furthermore, we observed that EZW could increase the serum levels of E2 and BALP, and decrease levels of serum TRAP5b in EZW group compared with vehicle group. In addition, RT-PCR results revealed that EZW upregulated the expression levels of wnt3a, LRP5 and β-catenin, and reduced the expression of DKK1 in OVX rats. Taken together, our results suggested that EZW may have potential anti-osteoporotic effects on osteoporotic alveolar bone by stimulating Wnt/LRP5/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Micromolar sodium fluoride mediates anti-osteoclastogenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss

Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors. Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride （NaF） on osteoclastogenesis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity that has been implicated in periodontitis. NaF strongly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of cathepsin K, interleukin （IL）-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9）, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, which were up-regulated during P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistent with the in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic effect, NaF inhibited osteoclast formation caused by the differentiation factor RANKL （receptor activator of nuclear factor KB ligand） and macrophage colony-stimulating factor （M-CSF）. The RANKL-stimulated induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells （NFAT） cl was also abrogated by NaF. Taken together, our data demonstrate that NaF inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the induction of NFATcl, ultimately leading to the suppressed expression of cathepsin K and MMP9. The in vivo effect of NaF on the inhibition of P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis strengthens the potential usefulness of NaF for treating periodontal diseases.

Influence of Masticatory Functional Loss on the Remodeling of Alveolar Bone in Rats

There is plenty of literature on masticatory function and its impact on maxillofacial development. However, the influence of masticatory hypofunction on bone turnover in the alveolar bone has hardly been studied. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and soft diet on the alveolar bone turnover during the growth period. Three-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). BV, BMC, and BMD in the cancellous bone of M1 were measured using micro-CT analysis. To analyze the histological bone turnover, we prepared non-decalcified thin sections of alveolar cancellous bone when rats were 20 weeks old. On three-dimensional constructed images, the experimental groups (the Powder diet and Extraction groups) showed expansion of the medullary cavity of the interradicular septum of the first molar compared to controls (the Hard diet group). BV, BMC, and BMD were significantly lower in the experimental groups, with the difference from controls being greater in the Extraction group. On histomorphometric analysis, the bone mass parameters, bone formation parameters, and bone mineralization parameters were significantly lower in the experimental groups compared to controls. The bone resorption parameters were significantly higher in the experimental groups. From this study, we found that soft diet and tooth loss might worsen the bone microstructure, reduce osteogenesis, and promote bone resorption in alveolar bone.

Comparing the methods of oral hygiene, over hanged removal and restoration—Changing on periodontal health and alveolar bone height of rest orated mandibular molars with proximal over hanged amalgam

Objective: Conservative restoration principles that accurately reduce plaque accumulation are the goals of restorative dentistry. Correct and perfect restoration has an important effect on health of periodontious tissues. This study was done to compare the methods of oral hygiene, over hanged removal and restoration changing on periodontal health and alveolar bone height of restored mandible molars with proximal over hanged amalgam. Materials and Methods: All patients with over hanged amalgam restoration were randomly divided into three groups. In order to survey the effect of over hanged removal on gingival and bleeding indices and alveolar bone height adjacent to mandible molar teeth, these indices were determined according to recurrent radio-graphical early signs of alveolar bone loss during three months. Sixty patients, 20 in each group, were studied. In the group I, overhang was removed with ultrasonic scale or bur and oral hygiene methods as usual were continued. In the group II, over-hang was left, but plaque controls as the prophylaxis and flossing were done. In the group III, restoration was changed and oral hygiene was done as usual. Plaque index and bleeding index were measured at the beginning of study and three months later. Findings: Statistical analysis of studied indices at the beginning and three months after treatment using paired test has shown significant differences in gingival inflammation, in all groups. Statistical analysis of indices using Tukey HSD test has also shown significant differences in decreasing gingival inflammation measure when the over hanged restoration was removed. While there is no difference between the other two groups. Conclusion: The results showed that plaque control causes subsidence of gingival inflammation and increasing of alveolar bone support, and it is more effective when the over hanged restoration is changed.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF BILATERAL ALVEOLAR BONE GRAFTING

To evaluate the treatment results of bilateral alveolar bone grafting (BABG) in patients with bilateral complete clefts of lip and palate. [WT5”BX] Methods.[WT5”BZ] A retrospective study was performed in 66 bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients who received the procedure of BABG, among them 15 were primary BABG and 51 were secondary BABG. The patients were further divided into three groups according to age and eruption stage of the canine at the time of surgery. The result of BABG was evaluated on the radiographs. [WT5”BX] Results.[WT5”BZ] (1)The overall success rate of BABG was 75 0%, with 83 3% and 72 5% for primary and secondary BABG respectively; (2)The marginal bone level was found to be significantly higher in the youngest age group than in the other groups both for primary and secondary BABG; (3)For both primary and secondary BABG, Group C (patients’ age more than 16 years) had the least optimal success rate, with 66 7% and 65 4% respectively. [WT5”BX] Conclusion.[WT5”BZ] Simultaneous primary palate repair and BABG is safe and feasible procedure for treating unoperated bilateral complete cleft lip and cleft palate patients. For both primary and secondary BABG, significantly better results can be achieved if the operation is performed before eruption of the canine.

Study on the correlation of smoking with periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in patients with chronic periodontitis

Objective:To study the relationship of smoking with periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods: The patients diagnosed with periodontitis in Yingkou Central Hospital between March 2015 and March 2017 were selected and divided into the periodontitis group A with smoking history and the periodontitis group B without smoking history;volunteers who received physical examination in Yingkou Central Hospital during the same period and were without history of periodontitis or smoking were collected as the control group. The gingival crevicular fluid was collected to measure the contents of inflammation indexes and alveolar bone resorption indexes.Results:ICAM1, HMGB1, IL-17, YKL40, CXCL16, NTX, CTX, RANKL, MMP9 and EA contents in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis group A and periodontitis group B were significantly higher than those of control group while PICP, PIIICP, OPG and Runx2 contents were significantly lower than those of control group;ICAM1, HMGB1, IL-17, YKL40, CXCL16, NTX, CTX, RANKL, MMP9 and EA contents in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis group A were significantly higher than periodontitis group B while PICP, PIIICP, OPG and Runx2 contents were significantly lower than those of periodontitis group B.Conclusion:Smoking can aggravate the periodontal tissue inflammation and promote the alveolar bone resorption in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Correlation of NLRP3 inflammasome expression in periodontitis tissue with inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption

Objective: To study the correlation of NLRP3 inflammasome expression in periodontitis tissue with inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption. Methods: Patients with chronic periodontitis who underwent tooth extraction in Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital between March 2015 and December 2015 were selected as the periodontitis group of the research, and patients who underwent tooth extraction due to impacted tooth or malposed tooth during the same period were selected as the control group. Appropriate amount of periodontal tissue was collected during tooth extraction to determine the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components;gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected before tooth extraction to determine the contents of inflammatory response molecules and alveolar bone resorption molecules. Results: NLRP3, ACS, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA expression in periodontium tissue as well as ICAM-1, E-selectin, CXCL12, HMGB1, HSP60, ICTP, MMP1, MMP8 and Wnt5a levels in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis group were significantly higher than those of control group whereas TIMP1, BMAL1 and Runx2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were lower than those of control group;NLRP3, ACS, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA expression in periodontium tissue of patients with periodontitis were positively correlated with ICAM-1, E-selectin, CXCL12, HMGB1, HSP60, ICTP, MMP1, MMP8 and Wnt5a levels in gingival crevicular fluid, and negatively correlated with TIMP1, BMAL1 and Runx2 levels in gingival crevicular fluid. Conclusion: The excessive expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in periodontitis tissue can aggravate the inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption.

Crohn's Disease and Primary Alveolar Bone Loss A literature Review and Case Report

克罗恩病是一种病因尚不明确的慢性肠道炎性肉芽肿性疾病。偶有口腔组织受累,损害主要见于唇、颊黏膜及牙龈。本文报道一例有口腔病变的克罗恩病,24岁,男性,口腔溃疡不愈半年,伴有2月腹痛史。口腔溃疡活检病理诊断为克罗恩病。临床检查发现除了消化道病损、口腔溃疡、上颌窦黏膜增厚外,出现了罕见的广泛牙槽骨吸收,而患者无牙周病及激素用药史,这一特点在以前的文献中未见报道。

Minimally Invasive Maxillofacial Surgery Using Digital Work Surgery: A Case of Alveolar Ridge Reconstruction after Maxillary Cystectomy

Introduction: Iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) is commonly used as a high-quality reconstruction material;however, PCBM cannot be extracted in sufficient amounts to meet demand. To determine the appropriate amount of iliac PCBM to be collected, we used digital technology to measure the volume required for jaw reconstruction before surgery. Clinical Case: The patient, a 23-year-old man, underwent surgery for a calcifying odontogenic cyst. A maxillary cyst occupied the left anterior-premolar region (tooth 21 - 25) and the deciduous canine remained;a permanent canine was included in the cyst. We planned to preserve the teeth except for the impacted canine, completely excise the maxillary cyst, and preserve the alveolar ridge morphology. Preoperative digital imaging was used to determine the amount of alveolar ridge reconstruction required and accordingly determine the amount of iliac cancellous bone to be harvested. We used a titanium mesh tray and grafts of iliac particulate cancellous bone and marrow to reconstruct the alveolar ridge. The amount of iliac cancellous bone that needed to be collected was clarified and the supply amount could be collected in just the right amount;thus, the cortical bone of the iliac inner plate could be preserved. The alveolar bone morphology was reconstructed to allow the placement of dental implants as per the preoperative digital surgery. Three years after the operation, no sign of recurrence has been observed. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery was performed by clarifying the amount of iliac cancellous bone graft that needs to be harvested, which improved the accuracy of surgery.

脂肪间充质干细胞过表达骨形态发生蛋白2促进骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损修复

背景:颌骨在骨质疏松症中最容易受累,脂肪间充质干细胞和骨形态发生蛋白2具有促进骨质疏松症骨再生的效果,然而骨形态发生蛋白2修饰的脂肪间充质干细胞对骨质疏松症牙槽骨缺损的修复作用鲜有报道。目的:探究过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞对骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损的修复作用。方法:①将过表达骨形态发生蛋白2基因的慢病毒感染大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞,通过检测绿色荧光蛋白和骨形态发生蛋白2表达进行鉴定;②切除卵巢建立骨质疏松大鼠模型,于上颌两侧第一磨牙位置制备3 mm×3 mm×3 mm的圆柱形缺损;③假手术组和骨质疏松组大鼠植入明胶海绵,脂肪间充质干细胞组植入空载体慢病毒感染的脂肪间充质干细胞与明胶海绵复合体,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组植入过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞与明胶海绵复合体,1个月后进行相关指标检测。结果与结论:①脂肪间充质干细胞组和过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组转染效率均达到70%以上;与脂肪间充质干细胞组相比,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05);②假手术组骨缺损区可见大量新骨生成;与假手术组相比,骨质疏松组有少量新骨生成,新骨面积明显减小,碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素及骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA和蛋白水平明显降低;与骨质疏松组相比,脂肪间充质干细胞组和过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组有大量新骨生成,新骨面积明显增加,碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素及骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA和蛋白水平明显升高,且过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组优于脂肪间充质干细胞组(均P<0.05);③结果表明,骨形态发生蛋白2在骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨表达较少,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞能够促进骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损的成骨再生。

隐形矫治器设计上切牙压低量对牙根吸收的影响分析

目的研究在隐形矫治技术中上颌中切牙的压低量与牙根吸收的关系。方法纳入于合肥市口腔医院正畸一科采用隐形矫治技术治疗深覆牙合的非拔牙患者62例,在正畸治疗前(T0)、压低量1 mm时(T1)和压低量2 mm时(T2)进行三次CBCT追踪检查。测量三个时期上切牙牙根长度、牙根体积和唇腭侧牙槽骨高度,运用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析。结果牙根吸收与压低量呈正相关(P<0.05);压低量越大,切牙唇倾度越大(P<0.05);三个阶段的唇侧牙槽骨高度无统计学差异(P>0.05),腭侧牙槽骨高度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T2期腭侧牙槽骨吸收明显;牙根吸收与治疗时间呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论隐形矫治技术中上颌中切牙牙根吸收与压低量有关。

48例Locator种植覆盖全口义齿5年临床修复效果评价

目的:观察Locator按扣式种植覆盖全口义齿的长期临床修复效果。方法:选择2016—2017年北京大学口腔医院门诊部采用Locator按扣式种植覆盖全口义齿修复的无牙颌患者48例,其中双颌全口义齿修复21例,单颌27例,共植入种植体230颗。观察种植体的留存率、种植体周黏膜探诊出血(BOP)、种植体周牙槽骨垂直吸收高度变化、义齿基托折裂和人工牙脱落折断等并发症,以及义齿固位力变化等。采用SPSS 13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:在5年观察期间,5颗种植体脱落,1颗前牙区窄颈种植体颈部折断,12颗失访,种植体存留率为97.25%。种植修复后1年,48颗种植体周黏膜探诊出血(BOP+)(21.4%),平均出血指数(BI)为0.21±0.42,前牙区高于后牙区。种植体周牙槽骨垂直吸收高度为(0.21±0.35) mm,义齿基托折断2例。修复后5年,163颗种植体周黏膜探诊出血(BOP+)(76.89%),BI为1.00±0.70,种植体周牙槽骨垂直吸收高度为(0.58±0.85) mm;种植体周黏膜探诊出血指数与牙槽骨垂直吸收高度在男女之间、前牙区与后牙区之间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。1年观察期和5年观察期间,种植体周黏膜平均出血指数、种植体周牙槽骨垂直吸收高度前后比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。义齿折裂17例,折裂率为26.15%,人工牙脱落折断率为16.92%,多发于前牙中线区及Locator基台附着体安放位置,因固位力下降首次更换Locator基台固位垫圈平均(34.2±10.3)个月。结论:Locator按扣式种植覆盖全口义齿有良好的临床修复效果。并发症多见于种植体周黏膜探诊出血和垂直向骨吸收,随着戴用时间延长有逐渐加重的趋势。其次是义齿基托折裂及人工牙脱落与折断,种植体脱落及折断。提示义齿制作时应加强金属支架在Locator基台位置和前牙中线区的强度,前牙区尽量避免使用窄径种植体。

牙槽突扩张术联合GBR植骨术同期种植牙在牙齿发育异常患者中的应用效果

目的:探讨牙槽突扩张术联合骨引导再生(GBR)植骨术同期种植牙在牙齿发育异常患者中的应用效果。方法:纳入87例(94牙)牙齿发育异常患者为研究对象,根据治疗方式不同分为常规组(n=37,40牙)和GBR组(n=50,54牙)。常规组行牙槽骨劈开术治疗;GBR组行牙槽突扩张术联合GBR植骨术治疗,术后随访1年。比较两组患者治疗有效率、手术基本情况(手术时间、离院时间及骨愈合时间);术后1个月及6个月种植体稳定性[稳定系数(ISQ)];术后1年种植体周围软组织情况[红色美学标准(PES)评分]、种植体周围牙槽骨吸收值及种植体周围牙整齐度;手术并发症及术后1年修复体并发症发生情况。结果:GBR组患者治疗有效率高于常规组(P<0.05);骨愈合时间短于常规组(P<0.05);两组患者手术时间及离院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1个月及6个月,GBR组患者种植体ISQ高于常规组(P<0.05)。术后1年,GBR组患者种植体周围软组织PES评分、种植体周围牙槽骨吸收值、牙整齐度高于常规组(P<0.05)。两组患者手术并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);GBR组患者术后1年修复体并发症总发生率低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:牙槽突扩张术联合GBR植骨术同期种植牙治疗有效率高,且牙齿发育异常患者预后效果更好。

慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液miR-155、miR-21水平及其临床意义

目的检测慢性牙周炎(CP)患者龈沟液中微小RNA-155(miR-155)、微小RNA-21(miR-21)表达水平变化及其临床意义。方法选择2021年10月至2022年10月该院142例CP患者作为CP组,根据牙周炎严重程度分为轻度CP组、中度CP组、重度CP组。随访1个月,根据临床疗效分为疗效良好组、疗效较差组。同期142例健康志愿者作为对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测龈沟液miR-155、miR-21表达水平。利用Pearson相关分析CP患者龈沟液miR-155、miR-21表达水平与牙龈指数(GI)、牙槽骨吸收程度(ABL)、探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析CP患者疗效的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估miR-155、miR-21对CP患者疗效的预测价值。结果CP组miR-155、miR-21表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。CP组PD、AL、ABL、GI明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。轻度CP组、中度CP组、重度CP组miR-155、miR-21表达水平依次升高(P<0.05)。疗效较差组miR-155、miR-21表达水平高于疗效良好组(P<0.05)。龈沟液miR-155、miR-21表达水平均与PD、AL、ABL、GI呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病情严重程度、miR-155、miR-21是CP患者疗效的影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,miR-155、miR-21预测CP患者疗效较差的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.937(95%CI:0.888~0.986)、0.818(95%CI:0.715~0.921),二者联合预测的AUC为0.960(95%CI:0.920~0.998),优于单一指标预测。结论CP患者龈沟液miR-155、miR-21表达水平升高,与牙周炎严重程度、牙周临床指标及临床疗效有关,2项指标或可作为CP患者疗效的潜在预测标志物。

不同垂直骨面型下颌第一磨牙横向位置差异的CBCT研究

目的:使用锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)测量不同垂直骨面型下颌第一磨牙生理牙槽骨厚度,评估横向磨牙位置。方法:选取2023年1~10月在合肥市口腔医院正畸二科就诊患者50例,分为高角组、均角组及低角组,术前拍摄CBCT,数据导入配套三维软件进行4个部位不同深度牙槽骨厚度的测量分析。结果:高角患者下颌第一磨牙的骨厚度最小。下颌第一磨牙舌侧骨厚度高于颊侧。下颌第一磨牙釉牙骨质界根方4 mm处近中舌侧牙槽骨厚度高于远中舌侧,近中颊侧牙槽骨厚度与远中颊侧比较差异无统计学意义。下颌第一磨牙釉牙骨质界根方8 mm处远中颊侧牙槽骨厚度高于近中颊侧,近中舌侧的牙槽骨厚度与远中舌侧比较差异无统计学意义。下颌第一磨牙同一测量位点釉牙骨质界根方8 mm的牙槽骨厚度高于根方4 mm的牙槽骨厚度。结论:不同的垂直骨面型、测量部位、测量深度、牙齿解剖形态都会反映出下颌第一磨牙在牙槽骨中横向位置的差异。

上颌窦底黏膜增厚与牙槽骨高度及上颌窦解剖结构的关联性

目的通过观测上颌后牙缺失患者的锥形束CT,研究上颌窦底黏膜增厚与缺牙区部分解剖结构的关系,为上颌窦底黏膜增厚患者的上颌窦提升术与缺失牙种植治疗提供临床参考。方法收集2013年1月—2022年5月于天津医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科与广州医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科拍摄锥形束CT的患者资料,筛选出上颌单侧单颗后牙缺失的患者103例,通过CBCT三维重建,并以上颌窦底黏膜是否增厚(>2 mm)作为分组标准,测量牙槽骨高度、宽度、上颌窦外侧壁血管至窦底距离、上颌窦外侧壁厚度,以同一患者自身两侧指标的差值为统计值,分析上颌窦底黏膜增厚是否对缺牙区部分解剖结构存在影响。结果最终纳入上颌窦底黏膜增厚组56例,非上颌窦底黏膜增厚组47例。对其指标进行统计,其中两组患者的牙槽骨高度差值存在差异,上颌窦底黏膜增厚组大于非上颌窦底黏膜增厚组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0246)。两组间的牙槽骨宽度、上颌窦外侧壁厚度、上颌窦外侧壁血管至窦底距离的差值,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论持续存在的上颌窦底黏膜增厚可能与缺牙后牙槽骨高度的变化存在关联。