Chemical Constituents from Ampelopsis grossedentata

Aim To study chemical constituents from Ampelopsis grossedentata. Methods Separation and purification were performed by using silica gel, polyamide, reverse-phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographic techniques and silica gel PTLC. Structures were determined by means of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. Results Four flavonoids were separated and identified from Ampelopsis grossedentata including dihydromyricetin (1), myricetin (2), myricitrin (3), and myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopy...

Systems pharmacology approach reveals the antiinflammatory effects of Ampelopsis grossedentata on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis

AIM To investigate the protective effects of Ampelopsis grossedentata(AMP) on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice based on systems pharmacology approach.METHODS Systems pharmacology approach was used to predict the active ingredients, candidate targets and the efficacy of AMP on ulcerative colitis(UC) using a holistic process of active compound screening, target fishing, network construction and analysis. A DSSinduced colitis model in C57 BL/6 mice(n = 10/group) was constructed and treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid(100 mg/kg/d) and AMP(400 mg/kg/d) to confirm the underlying mechanisms and effects of AMP on UC with western blot analyses, polymerase chain reaction, histological staining and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS The therapeutic effects of AMP against DSS-induced colitis were determined in the beginning, and the results showed that AMP significantly improved the disease in general observations and histopathology analysis. Subsequent systems pharmacology predicted 89 corresponding targets for the four candidate compounds of AMP, as well as 123 candidate targets of UC, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed for the interaction of putative targets of AMP against UC. Enrichment analyses on TNF-α and RANKL/RANK, a receptor activator of NF-κB signaling pathways, were then carried out. Experimental validation revealed that inflammation-related signaling pathways were activated in the DSS group, and AMP significantly suppressed DSS-induced high expression of IRAK1, TRAF6, IκB and NF-κB, and inhibited the elevated expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8.CONCLUSION AMP could exert protective effects on UC via suppressing the IRAK1/TRAF6/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways.

Investigation of in vitro antioxidant activity of dihydromyricetin and flavonoids rich extract from vine tea(Ampelopsis grossedentata)

Background:Vine tea from fermented Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves has been used as a herbal tea and folk medicine in the southern region of China for hundreds of years.The aim of this investigation was to analyze the total flavonoids found in vine tea,including three bioactive flavonoids,and the total phenolic contents in the aqueous methanol extracts of 10 vine tea samples.In addition,this study also aimed to examine the antioxidant activity of dihydromyricetin and vine tea’s flavonoid-rich extract.Methods:The total flavonoids and total phenolic content assay of extracts from vine tea were performed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and epoch microplate spectrophotometer,respectively.Three bioactive flavonoids were quantified simultaneously using high performance liquid chromatography.The antioxidant activity of dihydromyricetin and vine tea’s flavonoid-rich extract was evaluated in vitro using six different methods.Results:Vine tea contained a large number of flavonoids,with dihydromyricetin as its main constituent.The flavonoid-rich extract exhibited a significant scavenging effect on superoxide anion radicals,and on 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals.It also possessed definite activity in lipid peroxidation inhibition,ferric reduction,and the moderation of Fe2+ion chelation ability.There was a significant negative correlation between dihydromyricetin content and antioxidant activity in the vine tea samples,including superoxide anion radical scavenging activity(P=−0.754,P<0.05),lipid peroxidation inhibition activity(P=−0.759,P<0.05),ferric-reducing antioxidant power(P=−0.843,P<0.01),respectively.Dihydromyricetin played a dominant role in the antioxidant activities of the flavonoid-rich extract.Conclusion:Vine tea’s flavonoid-rich extract could be used as a new antioxidant source to safeguard against oxidative stress.

Establishment of in vitro Rapid Propagation System for Ampelopsis grossedentata

[Objective] The research aimed to establish the fast and efficient rapid propagation system for Ampelopsis grossedentata by using the tissue culture method. [Method] Ampelopsis grossedentata stem with the bud was the material,and the influences of different sterilization methods,media and hormone combinations on the in vitro rapid propagation of Ampelopsis grossedentata were studied. [Result] The explant sterilization effect of 75% ethanol dipping 20 s ＋ 0.1% HgCl2 treating 8 min ＋ Tween-80 1-2 drops was better. The optimal medium for the axillary bud induction was B5 ＋ 1.00 mg/L BA ＋ 0.05 mg/L NAA. The optimal multiplication medium was MS/B5 ＋ 1.50 mg/L BA ＋ 0.05 mg/L NAA. 1/2MS ＋ 0.50 mg/L IBA was the best medium for the rooting. [Conclusion] The high frequency occurrence system of Ampelopsis grossedentata in vitro rapid propagation was established. It laid the technology basis for the callus regeneration system,genetic transformation and clonal mutation screening.

Study on the Effects of Reducing Blood Lipid by Flavonoids from Ampelopsis grossedentata on Hyperlipidemia Rats

In order to study the effects of Ampelopsis grossedentata on endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis and the effects of reducing blood lipid in hyperlipidemia rats,extraction of flavonoids from Ampelopsis grossedentata by using ethanol(TFAG),and the effects of TFAG on intracellular cholesterol synthesis were detected by amphotericin B-cell model;SD hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding high fat diet.A formulated medicine called Xuezhikang was used as a positive control,and TFAG of different doses were administered to the stomach for 30 d continuously to measure the indexes of heart,liver tissue homogenate and serum;part of the liver was taken for pathological observation.The results showed that TFAG could significantly inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in cells.TFAG of different doses could significantly reduce the content of TC and TG in serum of hyperlipidemia rats,and increase the content of HDL;TC and TG in heart and liver were also decreased;besides,it could increase the content of SOD,CAT and GSH in the liver of hyperlipidemia rats,and reduce the content of MDA.The results of pathological section showed that TFAG could improve the damage degree of hepatocytes in hyperlipidemia rats,and the effect of high dose group was similar to that of Xuezhikang group.In general,TFAG has good antioxidant and reducing blood lipid effects,and can effectively inhibit liver steatosis.

Study on Extraction and Separation of Dihydromyricetin from Vine Tea [Ampelopsis grossedentata(Hand-Mazz) W. T. wang]

Ampelopsis grossedentata(Hand-Mazz) W. T. wang is a typical edible plant with important physiological health functions. Dihydromyricetin is the main active ingredient of A. grossedentata, which has good pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and liver protecting effects. This paper summarized the research progress on the extraction materials, extraction methods and separation and purification processes of dihydromyricetin in A. grossedentata to understand the best experimental method of dihydromyricetin, aiming to provide an important theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of dihydromyricetin.

Effects of Dihydromyricetin Extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata on Visceral Organ Indexes and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities of Chickens

To provide a reference basis for reasonable development and utilization of Ampelopsis grossedentata resource and its application in production,we added 0.025%,0.05% and 0.1% dihydromyricetin（DMY）extracted from A.grossedentata into the basal diets of Yaoshan chickens,and studied the effects of DMY on visceral organ indexes and digestive enzyme activities of 40-day-old healthy Yaoshan chickens.Supplementation of DMY in basal diets influenced visceral organ weight,organ index,length and digestive enzyme activity of small intestine of chickens.Among them,0.05% DMY was the most appropriate volume for supplementation.Compared with control group（without DMY）,0.05% DMY reduced lung weight and index（P〉0.05）,significantly reduced liver weight（P〈0.05）,extremely reduced stomach weight and stomach index（P〈0.01）,increased activity of amylase in small intestine（P〉0.05）,significantly increased length of small intestine and activity of protease（P〈0.05）.Supplementation of 0.05% DMY reduced the visceral organ weight and organ index,enhanced digestion and absorption ability of gastrointestinal tract,thereby improving feed utilization rate and promoting the growth of chickens.

Resveratrol Tetramers from the Roots of Ampelopsis sinica

A new resveratrol tetramer, sinicin A was isolated from the roots of Ampelopsis sinica, with four known tetramers: vitisin A, cis-vitisin B, ampelopsin H and hopeaphenol. The structure and stereochemistry of sinicin A have been established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques.

An ethanolic extract of Bailian(Radix Ampelopsis Japonicae):demonstration of colorectal cancer treatment efficacy via inhibition of β-catenin signaling in vitro

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the underlying mechanism of Bailian (Radix Ampelopsis Japonicae,BL) extract action on colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS:We explored the involvement of β-catenin signaling on the anti-CRC effects of an BL ethanolic extract (BLE) in cell models by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay,immunofluorescent staining,luciferase assay,Western blot analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.Anti-CRC compounds were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS:The contents of gallic acid,catechin,and epicatechin in the BLE were 0.23,1.25,and 0.18 g/kg,respectively.BLE-mediated cytotoxic and apoptotic effects were accompanied by lowered β-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity,reduced β-catenin nuclear localization,and downregulated protein and mRNA levels of both β-catenin and molecules regulated by β-catenin.CONCLUSION:The mechanism underpinning the anti-CRC effects of BLE may involve inhibition of β-catenin signaling.Further studies are necessary to establish the role of β-catenin signaling in the action of BLE-mediated anti-CRC effects.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ampelopsis Japonica Root on Contact Dermatitis in Mice

Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of Ampelopsis japonica on contact dermatitis(CD).Methods:A total of 38 Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups by using a random number table:normal mice(n=6),CID model mice(n=8),CD mice treated with 3 or 30 mg/kg of the ethanol extract of A.japonica(EEAJ,n=8)and 7.5 mg/kg dexamethasone treated CD mice(DEX,n=8).CD was induced using topical application of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene in mice.EEAJ and DEX were topically applied to the shaved skin of each mouse for 6 days,and the effects of EEAJ and DEX on skin lesions and color,histopathological abnormalities such as epidermal hyperplasia and immune cell infiltration,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin-6(IL-6),and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)production were investigated.The effects on changes in body weights and spleen/body weight ratio were also investigated.Results:EEAJ at 30 mg/kg significantly prevented scaling,erythema and enlargement of skin weight compared to using carbon dioxide.EEAJ also prevented epithelial hyperplasia and immune cell infiltrations induced by repeated application of DNFB(P<0.01).In addition,EEAJ significantly lowered levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and MCP-1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The anti-inflammatory effects of EEAJ were similar to those of DEX.Conclusion:A.japonica may be a new therapeutic agent with the potential to reduce or replace corticosteroids and its mechanisms are closely related to regulation of TNF-α production.

藤茶复合汤汁抗大鼠血栓功效研究

采用下腔静脉结扎术构建大鼠血栓模型,以藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)复合汤汁进行干预,并以二氢杨梅素及藤茶汤汁为对照。测定大鼠血栓的重量、长度及血栓抑制率,结合HE染色和免疫组化分析血栓样品的理化指标。结果表明,藤茶复合汤汁中总黄酮(1.43±0.11 mg/mL)及二氢杨梅素(0.66±0.05 mg/mL)含量均低于藤茶汤汁和二氢杨梅素溶液的含量。模型组大鼠血栓长度(10.98±1.20 mm)、湿重(70.6±15.44 mg)和干重(9.9±3.2 mg)显著高于正常组。相比于其他干预组,藤茶复合汤汁组的血栓长度(3.92±0.64 mm)和血栓面积占管腔面积百分比(32.1%±1.4%)明显降低,而血栓抑制率(64.5%±1.3%)和溶解率(54.2%±1.3%)显著升高。HE染色及免疫组化分析表明,相比模型组藤茶复合汤汁组大鼠血管细胞完整性损伤程度降低,核固缩现象程度明显减轻,阳性细胞率明显增加,血栓素1相对表达量(25.2%±2.1%)显著降低,说明藤茶复合汤汁具有较好的抗血栓作用。

油茶中幼林复合经营藤茶技术及效益分析

通过研究油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)林下栽培藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)复合经营模式,介绍了具体栽培技术,对该模式下经济效益、社会效益和生态效益进行了分析。结果表明,油茶中幼林下套种藤茶是科学可行的,油茶中幼林复合经营藤茶的投资收益是油茶单作模式的4.27倍,可为油茶中幼林经营管理的林下经济模式提供参考。

响应面法对超声波提取藤茶二氢杨梅素工艺的优化

通过响应面分析法对超声波提取梵净山野生藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)二氢杨酶素的工艺条件进行优化。以乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间为影响因素,在单因素试验的基础上,采用3因素3水平响应面分析法,根据Box-Benhnken中心组合试验设计原理,以二氢杨酶素提取率为响应值,进行响应面分析,优化超声提取梵净山野生藤茶中二氢杨梅素的条件。结果表明,超声波提取藤茶中二氢杨梅素最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数51.00%、料液比1∶26.00(g∶m L)、超声波时间40.00 min,在此条件下二氢杨梅素的提取率为28.41%,回归模型预测的二氢杨梅素提取率为28.61%,经验证RSD为1.16%,拟合度较好,说明响应面法优化超声提取藤茶二氢杨梅素的工艺条件稳定可行。

枝条年龄和生长调节剂对藤茶扦插繁殖的影响

探索不同枝条年龄和生长调节剂对藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)扦插的影响,找出最适合扦插的枝条年龄以及生长调节剂种类和浓度。结果表明,藤茶一年生枝条各项生长指标都高于二、三年生枝条,大量生产时应选用一年生枝条作插穗;用20 mg/kg吲哚丁酸处理藤茶一年生枝条,其不定根长度、发芽数、高生长、生物量、成活率表现最优,用40 mg/kg吲哚丁酸处理藤茶一年生枝条,不定根上发出的侧根数最多。从总体上分析,生产中用20 mg/kg吲哚丁酸处理藤茶一年生健壮枝条效果最理想。

藤茶中二氢杨梅素的研究

比较分析了不同产地藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)嫩叶中二氢杨梅素(DMY)的含量,结果发现,DMY含量按照从高到低排序为云南省丽江市、广西壮族自治区金秀瑶族自治县、福建省武平县、湖南省张家界市、湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州来凤县。云南省丽江市产藤茶DMY含量显著高于其他地区,湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州来凤县产藤茶DMY含量显著低于其他地区,其他3个地区无显著差异。在此基础上,采用超声、微波、破壁式3种方式辅助乙醇溶剂提取藤茶中DMY成分,微波辅助乙醇使用量较少、提取时间短、料液比相对较低,可达到绿色、节能、高效的提取状态。

白蔹的药学研究进展

在广泛文献检索基础上,对白蔹的化学成分、药理活性及临床应用等方面进行了综述,为相关研究与开发利用提供科学依据。

破壁式方法提取藤茶中二氢杨梅素的工艺研究

以湖北省恩施州富硒土壤上生长的藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)为原料,开展破壁式提取二氢杨梅素的工艺研究。结果显示,破壁式辅助提取条件下,常温25℃,料液比1∶50(g∶mL),用100%纯乙醇溶液提取5 min,提取液中二氢杨梅素含量为15.172%。

运用组织培养建立藤茶快速繁殖体系的研究

以带芽的藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)茎段为试验材料,研究藤茶组织培养过程中各个阶段的培养基和激素配比以及炼苗的基质配比。结果表明,藤茶组培苗的快速繁殖体系中,最佳初代培养基为MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+2 g/L PVP;初代茎段培养愈伤组织的最佳基质配比为MS+4.0 mg/L 6-BA+2.0 mg/L ZT+1.0 mg/L NAA;藤茶芽的最佳增殖培养基为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA+2.0 mg/L ZT;最佳壮苗培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA;最佳生根培养基为NAA(0.1 mg/L)+IBA(0.5mg/L),生根率可达到86.7%;炼苗阶段最佳移栽基质为泥炭+珍珠岩(2∶1),并浇以改良霍格兰营养液,炼苗和移栽成活率可达73%。

梵净山显齿蛇葡萄叶及土壤中硒含量分析

采用原子荧光光度法测定了梵净山显齿蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis grossedentata)叶及生长土壤中硒含量。结果表明,生长在该地区的显齿蛇葡萄叶中硒含量大多在100μg/kg以下,未达到富硒茶的标准;而土壤中硒含量大多高于100μg/kg。显齿蛇葡萄叶中硒含量与相对应的土壤中的硒含量之间无相关性。

藤茶两段式扦插育苗试验

为改良藤茶(Ampelopsis grossedentata)的扦插繁殖方式,试验主要研究了藤茶的两段式扦插育苗,并对一级苗床的基质配比进行了探讨。结果表明,藤茶的两段式扦插育苗茎生长、叶生长、总根长、生物量和壮苗指数均高于常规扦插育苗,田间生产过程中在时间和田间条件允许的情况下,尽量采用两段式扦插育苗;在两段式育苗中一级苗床的最佳基质为泥炭土∶河沙=1∶1。