Management Practices:Shaping Employee Satisfaction and Commitment in Large German Companies

The rapid evolution of the political,economic,and social landscape has generated increased interest in understanding the contextual application of management styles and behaviours toward employees.In this context,organizations must comprehend and assess employee satisfaction to enhance productivity and realize their strategic and economic goals.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the prevailing and significant management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.To achieve the research objective,the study will employ a qualitative method to explore management behaviours toward employees.Data were collected through interviews with randomly selected managers from different companies and departments.The study aims to uncover discrepancies or variations in employee expectations regarding management behaviour.The findings will provide a better understanding of the most prevalent and significant management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.The results will be valuable to management in adopting suitable leadership styles and improving employee satisfaction,leading to increased productivity and organizational performance.The research will contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field of management and human resource management by providing insights into the impact of management behaviours on employees.It will also offer recommendations to management on how to enhance employee satisfaction and job commitment,leading to improved organizational performance.In conclusion,this study will investigate the prevailing management behaviours toward employees in large German companies and their impact on employee satisfaction and job commitment.

Hydrological simulation approaches for BMPs and LID practices in highly urbanized area and development of hydrological performance indicator system

Urbanization causes hydrological change and increases stormwater runoff volumes, leading to flooding, erosion, and the degradation of instream ecosystem health. Best management practices （BMPs）, like detention ponds and infiltration trenches, have been widely used to control flood runoff events for the past decade. However, low impact development （LID） options have been proposed as an alternative approach to better mimic the natural flow regime by using decentralized designs to control stormwater runoff at the source, rather than at a centralized location in the watershed. For highly urbanized areas, LID stormwater management practices such as bioretention cells and porous pavements can be used to retrofit existing infrastructure and reduce runoff volumes and peak flows. This paper describes a modeling approach to incorporate these LID practices and the two BMPs of detention ponds and infiltration trenches in an existing hydrological model to estimate the impacts of BMPs and LID practices on the surface runoff. The modeling approach has been used in a parking lot located in Lenexa, Kansas, USA, to predict hydrological performance of BMPs and LID practices. A performance indicator system including the flow duration curve, peak flow frequency exceedance curve, and runoff coefficient have been developed in an attempt to represent impacts of BMPs and LID practices on the entire spectrum of the runoff regime. Results demonstrate that use of these BMPs and LID practices leads to significant stormwater control for small rainfall events and less control for flood events.

The ethics of exercise in eating disorders:Can an ethical principles approach guide the next generation of research and clinical practice?

1.Introduction Eating disorders(ED)are the most common psychiatric disorders afflicting young women^1 and contribute to great detriments in psychological,social,and physical health.^(2,3)Unfortunately,ED treatments tend to be long lasting,intensive,and expensive.~4Additionally,individuals with ED seeking treatment use healthcare services more frequently than non-ED individu-

New Approach for China's Agricultural Modernization Practice from the Perspective of Multiplex Function

This paper analyzes the multiplex composite function of agriculture comprehensively as follows.The first is political function:it can ensure the national food security;the second is economic function:it can promote agricultural competitiveness and increase farmers' income;the third is social function:it can promote the construction of new socialist village;the fourth is ecological function:it can conserve the resources environment and guarantee sustainable development of agriculture.In terms of reference of international theory and the main innovative experience of domestic agricultural modernization practice,this paper points out the new approach for agricultural modernization practice in China,and puts forward institutional guarantee based on agricultural multiplex function as follows:we should gradually promote new land system taking land transfer as major content;we should establish rational transfer system of rural labour forces;we should establish virtuous circular agricultural financial credit system;we should hew to the innovation and promotion system of agricultural technology;we should establish strict the system of resources environment and ecological protection;we should establish the agricultural risk security system.

Practice and Reflection on the Apprentice Training Talents “Dual Systems Four Stages of Work Integrated Learning” Education Approach

In view of the current demand for skilled talents required by the Chinese construction industry,this paper takes the Jiuzhou Polytechnic of Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province as an example and puts forward the apprenticeship training model of“dual system,four stages of work integrated learning,”with the characteristics of vocational education from China Jiuzhou Polytechnic along with its paid study courses.

The Construction of Value Identity Through Ritual Education:Its Internal Logic and Practice Approach Based on a Case Study of Ritual Education in Jiangsu

Ritual education has become an important social approach to disciplining individuals and constructing value identity because of its unique attributes and its capacity to reshape individual behaviors and values through ritual practice.Only by properly grasping the internal logic of the construction of value identity through ritual education can we accurately identify problems arising from ritual education and put forward practical countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.Through the“eight etiquette rules and four ceremonies”campaign and the national memorial ceremony for the Nanjing Massacre victims,Jiangsu has accumulated rich experience in ritual education.Still,in theory,there remain misconceptions;in practice,old problems persist,such as the preference of form to content and lack of refinement and effective use of ritual symbols.The solution to these problems must be based on a thorough understanding of the internal logic of the construction of value identity through ritual education.It is also necessary to further improve ritual space,ritual practices,ritual symbols,and ritual themes to develop an exemplary Jiangsu approach to ritual education in China.

Contribution of International and Comparative Approach to the Policy and Practice of Teacher Education

This study intends to identify the value and pitfalls of international and comparative approach for the policy and practice of teacher education.The structure of this article proceeds as follows:the first section focuses on explaining the meaning and the values of international and comparative approach;based on previous discussions,the second section makes a more in-depth analysis of the values of international and comparative approach to teacher education from five key themes;the final section of this article proposes and interprets the drawbacks of international and comparative approach in teacher education.

谈《The Practice of English Language Teaching》中的平衡活动法

平衡活动法是教育界一直很关注的一个热点话题。了解平衡活动法的基本内容、合理性和活动方法,探讨其在课堂教学中应注意的问题,对克服传统教学法的弊端,吸收交际法的精华和人本主义教学法"the wholeperson"的思想,改进我国的外语教学,具有积极的意义。

Necessities and Practical Approaches for Beautiful Countryside Construction

The beautiful countryside construction should combine the external beauty and inner beauty. According to macro background of the beautiful countryside construction,this paper elaborated basic content of the beautiful countryside construction,analyzed the necessities for the beautiful countryside construction. On this basis,it came up with practical approaches for the beautiful countryside construction,so as to build ecological and harmonious beautiful countryside.

Social Work as a Research-Based Profession： Opportunities, Prerequisites and Restrictions

The concept of research-based social work is introduced and discussed from the point of view of preconditions for its realization. Attention is paid both to the academic research of social work and to opportunities for developing a knowledge-producing social work practice. Both of these are seen as essential elements of a research-based profession. On the one hand, the academic research is necessary for development of social work as a research-based professional system, and on the other hand, a knowledge-producing practice, conducted by research-oriented practitioners, can only be realized within such a system. Historically, social work has been partly developed as a knowledge-applying instead of a knowledge-producing profession, although the central founding pioneers emphasized the importance of an own-knowledge basis and theory formation, as well as the idea of knowledge-producing practice based on a corresponding professional identity. The future of social work as a professional system in modern society may depend decisively on how it develops a research-based professional identity, not only in the sense of academic research but also through practitioners with research orientation. These are practitioners who would be capable of research-based working in terms of creative knowledge production, thus of developing social work as a credible research-based profession. This can be created only through education in which the development of necessary professional skills is linked to advanced academic meta-skills. There are good reasons to suspect that a three-year education is too short for this.

Stormwater Management Practices and Green-Blue Infrastructure in Urban Areas: an Overview

Water quality,flooding risk,and water consumption in urban areas are emerging issues.Urban impervious surfaces increase stormwater runoff,affecting ecosystems and leading to hydrogeological instability and flooding risk.Sustainable urban design strategies can contribute to counteract the negative impact of anthropic activities both at city-scale and global scale.Green and Blue Infrastructure(GBI)approaches,in particular,are an alternative to stormwater traditional management.In Europe,Sustainable Drainage System implementation copes with impervious surfaces to achieve water quality,amenity,and biodiversity increase.Best Management Practices,developed mainly in the USA,focus on specific measures for sustainable stormwater treatment.Water Sensitive Urban Design,spread in Australia and England,also aims to minimise the impact of developed areas preventing flood risk,limiting water consumption and enhancing environmental quality.In the USA and Canada,Low Impact Development offers design strategies to manage runoff and deliver structural practices to mimic predevelopment processes of infiltration,filtration and detention.

Managing Complexity and Speed of Processes in the Organizations—A Philosophical and Practical Approach

The business challenges of today are managing complexity and the speed of changes with processes and systems since there are continuously new requirements from market, consumers, suppliers, employees, government etc. For example, when product and service innovations are launched on the market, the relevant processes, policies, people, systems, and technologies should have been prepared and set up in advance. Depending on the business sector, the implementation of new processes and systems as well as their continuous improvement can be easy to very complex and of course very costly. Responding to those challenges, there are several methodologies and approaches like Continuous Improvement Process, Lean Management and Kaizen etc. On the other hand, the application of these methodologies to other industries like service and technology companies is not always successful since their conditions and requirements are different than those of manufacturing organizations. Because of these reasons, the management needs to find out （new） ways of working and to implement new solutions in order to master those challenges and problems. This is not always easy and successful. There are different types of solution options that can be applied situational in every organization. Philosophy can help essentially by asking and answering critical questions in order to provide with solution options to reduce the complexity and to increase the speed of processes. There are several proven and new governance concepts, frameworks, and tools which follow their philosophies. This paper demonstrates how those challenges can be responded and managed as well as how a philosophical approach can help primarily to provide with appropriate solutions.

A Novel Approach to Practical Matrix Converter Motor Drive System With Reverse Blocking IGBT

a Pole voltage waveforms (VA20 and VA40) for modulation index 0.4 (middle trace is A-phase voltage waveform) x-axis: 1 div.=10ms, y-axis: 1 div.= 100V b Normalized harmonic spectrum for pole voltage of Fig. 9a c A-phase current and phase voltage for modulation index 0.4 (reference space vector is in inner layer)

A Novel Approach to Practical Matrix Converter Motor Drive System With Reverse Blocking IGBT (To continue)

a Pole voltage waveforms (VA20 and VA40) for modulation index 0.4 (middle trace is A-phase voltage waveform) x-axis: 1 div.=10ms, y-axis: 1 div.= 100V b Normalized harmonic spectrum for pole voltage of Fig. 9a c A-phase current and phase voltage for modulation index 0.4 (reference space vector is in inner layer)

从“外嵌”走向“内生”:高校课程思政深化的实践取径

我国高校课程思政建设在全面深化过程中必须认清实践取径的立场与走势问题。早期课程思政实践取径曾存在“两张皮”或“脱嵌”的问题,其生成逻辑有着特定的观念根源、实践诱因与价值基础。“脱嵌型”课程思政因其立场偏误引发了一系列教育实践风险。新时代高校课程思政实践深化的路向是从“外嵌”走向“内生”,并将由此带来课程思政实践境界提升。而作为内生型课程思政实践取径的现实着力点,包括:重新审视“意识+能力”作为推动课程思政“双核动力”;突破趋同化壁垒,落地落实专业课程分类推进思路,以特色求实效;用大爱照亮课堂“主渠道”,引领课堂教学回归育人本质。

数字技术赋能全过程人民民主的运行机理及实践进路

数字技术赋能全过程人民民主有着深刻的运行机理,表现为数字技术赋能民主主体全方位覆盖,强化了民主运行的动力支持;数字技术赋能民主环节全链条运转,完善了民主运行的过程支撑;数字技术赋能民主场域全时空延展,构建了民主运行的环境支托。同时,数字时代也暴露出数字技术的滥用掣肘全过程人民民主的真实实现、数字利维坦的宰制造成全过程人民民主的主体制约、数字鸿沟的形成阻滞全过程人民民主的有效运转等潜在隐忧和风险。我们需要从政治、价值、技术、制度等多个层面加强数字赋能的正向作用,通过坚持党管数据推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化、以人民为中心克服技术中心主义倾向、深化数字创新发挥数字新基建赋能、形成算法规制防范和规避数字风险,以此促进和保障全过程人民民主高质量发展。

大学生劳动素养评价改革的现实困境与实践进路

以大学生劳动素养为导向的劳动教育评价改革是应对新时代挑战的必然选择。然而,现行的劳动素养评价存在评价方式单一、功能异化、体系不完善等问题,这在一定程度上阻碍了改革的进程,无法充分发挥其在育人目标中的引领作用。为有效推进大学生劳动素养评价改革,需要从科学建立精准化的评价目标体系、合理规划多维化的评价内容项目、精心构建多元化的评价主体指标、潜心设计多样化的评价方式载体等方面进行深入研究与实践,不断提升劳动教育的质量和效果。

大概念的误解、澄清及实践进路

大单元教学是落实核心素养的突破口,大单元教学需要围绕大概念开展教学设计,大概念的明晰与否关乎大单元教学设计的科学性和规范性。然而,文献梳理反映了人们对大概念本质内涵的误解。研究发现,这些误解主要是由以下五个方面导致:大概念的起源存在分野、大概念的内涵众说纷纭、大概念的表现形式与内涵不一致、大概念的概念泛化现象严重、外来概念的盲目引进与过分夸大。通过语言学和词源学的考察,利用演绎推理对大概念进行了澄清,指出其本质是概念而非命题、想法等。此外,研究明确了大概念和大观念是两个不同的概念,不应混淆,即要根据具体情况选择走大概念之路或大观念之路,这样才能更好地在实践中落地。

中国式现代化的形态建构、动力要素与实践进路——以人与自然和谐共生为分析视角

中国式现代化是中国共产党立足人类文明和现代化发展规律,坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的重大成果,超越了西方现代化道路与模式。文本以人与自然和谐共生为视角展开对中国式现代化的形态建构,从政治领导力量、文化因素、经济因素、制度因素和技术因素等方面探讨实现中国式现代化的动力要素;指出中国式现代化的推进始终坚持中国共产党领导,坚持中国特色社会主义,坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,坚持人与自然和谐共生,走生态文明发展的现代化新道路,追求“五个文明”相协调和全体人民共同富裕的价值目标,既为后发国家独立自主实现现代化提供了全新选择,又创造出人类文明新形态。

迈向共同富裕的基本公共服务均等化:理论逻辑与实践进路

基本公共服务均等化是实现共同富裕的底线条件和重要路径,共同富裕为基本公共服务均等化提供目标指引和理论资源。基于共同富裕视域,基本公共服务均等化是“高水平”均等化、“双向互动”均等化、“渐进主义”均等化。当前基本公共服务均等化还存在目标悬浮、路径错位、方式移位等问题,以共同富裕理念推进新时代基本公共服务均等化,需要构建并落实基本公共服务高水平均等化的评价体系、建立多向互动的基本公共服务均等化推进机制、坚持常态化的基本公共服务渐进均等化发展策略。