Pretreatment of coking wastewater using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR)

A laboratory-scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) was used to pretreat coking wastewater. Inoculated anaerobic granular biomass was acclimated for 225 d to the coking wastewater, and then the biochemical methane potential (BMP)of the coking wastewater in the acclimated granular biomass was measured. At the same time, some fundamental technological factors, such as the filling time and the reacting time ratio (tf/tr), the mixing intensity and the intermittent mixing mode, that affect anaerobic pretreatment of coking wastewater with ASBR, were evaluated through orthogonal tests. The COD removal efficiency reached 38％～50％ in the stable operation period with the organic loading rate of 0.37～0.54 kg COD/(m3.d) at the optimum conditions of tf/tr, the mixing intensity and the intermittent mixing mode. In addition, the biodegradability of coking wastewater distinctly increased after the pretreatment using ASBR. At the end of the experiment, the microorganism forms on the granulated sludge in the ASBR were observed using SEM (scanning electron microscope) and fluoroscope. The results showed that the dominant microorganism on the granular sludge was Methanosaeta instead of Methanosarcina dominated on the inoculated sludge.

Effect of inorganic carbon on anaerobic ammonium oxidation enriched in sequencing batch reactor

The present lab-scale research reveals the enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation microorganism from methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge and the effect of inorganic carbon(sodium bicarbonate)on anaerobic ammonium oxidation.The enrichment of anammox bacteria was carried out in a 7.0-L sequencing batch reactor(SBR)and the effect of bicarbonate on anammox was conducted in a 3.0-L SBR.Research results,especially the biomass,showed first signs of anammox activity after 54 d cultivation with synthetic wast...

In-depth observations of fermentative hydrogen production from liquid swine manure using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

In this study,experiments were designed to reveal in-depth information of the effect of pH and hydraulic retention time（HRT）on biohydrogen fermentation from liquid swine manure supplemented with glucose using an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor（ASBR）System.Five values of HRT（8,12,16,20,and 24 h）were first tested and the best HRT determined was further studied at five p H levels（4.4,4.7,5.0,5.3,and 5.6）.The results showed that for HRT 24 h,there was a dividing H2 content（around 37%）related to the total biogas production rate for the ASBR System running at p H 5.0.When the H2 content went beyond 37%,an appreciable decline in biogas production rate was observed,implying that there might exist an H2 content limit in the biogas.For other HRTs（8 through 20 h）,an average H2 content of 42%could be achieved.In the second experiment（HRT 12 h）,the highest H2 content（35%）in the biogas was found to be associated with p H 5.0.The upswing of p H from 5.0 to 5.6 had a significantly more impact on biogas H2 content than the downswing of p H from5.0 to 4.3.The results also indicated good linear relationships of biogas and H2 production rates with HRT（r=0.9971 and0.9967,respectively）.Since the optimal ASBR operating conditions were different for the biogas/H2 production rates and the H2 yield,a compromised combination of the running parameters was determined to be HRT 12 h and pH 5.0 in order to achieve good biogas/H2 productions.

Function of anaerobic portion in a conventional sequencing batch reactor

The performance of SBRs treating two kinds of wastewater(synthetic wastewater con- taining polyvinyl alcohol and effluent from a coke-plant wastewater treatment system)was investi- gated in this study,in order to examine the exact function of anaerobic portion in a conventional SBR.The set up of 4-or 8-hour anaerobic mixing period in a SBR's cycle did not benefit for PVA degradation.While an anaerobic reactor seeded with anaerobic sludge could partly hydrolyse and acidify PVA into readily-degradable intermediates.During the anaerobic fill period of an SBR treat- ing the effluent from a coke-plant wastewater treatment system,the organic concentration was re- duced to certain extent due to the adsorption of activated sludge and dilution of the mixed liquor from the previous cycle.Parts of readily-degradable organics in the influent were utilised by denitri- fiers as carbon source.The biomass in a conventional SBR was alternatively imposed to aerobic and anaerobic conditions in its operating cycle,the environmental conditions needed for anaerobic hy- drolization and acidification of refractory organics could not occur in such an SBR.

Effect of operational parameters on the performance of an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(AnSBR)treating protein-rich wastewater

Treating protein-rich wastewater using cost-effective and simple-structured single-stage reactors presents several challenges.In this study,we applied an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(AnSBR)to treat protein-rich wastewater from a slaughterhouse.We focused on identifying the key factors influencing the removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and the settling performance of the sludge.The AnSBR achieved a maximum total COD removal of 90%,a protein degradation efficiency exceeding 80%,and a COD to methane conversion efficiency of over 70%at organic loading rates of up to 6.2 g COD L^(-1)d^(-1).We found that the variations in both the organic loading rate within the reactor and the hydraulic retention time in the buffer tank had a significant effect on COD removal.The hydraulic retention time in the buffer tank and the reactor,which determined the ammonification efficiencies and the residual carbohydrate concentrations in the reactor liquid,affected the sludge settleability.Furthermore,the genus Clostridium sensu stricto 1,known as protein-and lipids-degraders,was predominant in the reactor.Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between the core microbiome and ammonification efficiency,highlighting the importance of protein degradation as the governing process in the treatment.Our results will provide valuable insights to optimise the design and operation of AnSBR for efficient treatment of protein-rich wastewater.

Anaerobic-aerobic processes for the treatment of textile dyeing wastewater containing three commercial reactive azo dyes:Effect of number of stages and bioreactor type

In this study,the effect of number of stages and bioreactor type on the removal performance of a sequential anaerobic-aerobic process employing activated sludge for the treatment of a simulated textile dyeing wastewater containing three commercial reactive azo dyes was considered.Two stage processes performed better than one stage ones,both in terms of overall organic and color removal,as well as the higher contribution of anaerobic stage to the overall removal performance,thereby making them a more energy efficient option.The employment of a moving bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor,which uses both suspended and attached biomass,for the implementation of the anaerobic stage of the process,was compared with a sequencing batch reactor that only employs suspended biomass.The results showed that,although there was no meaningful difference in biomass concentration between the two bioreactors,the latter reactor had better performance in terms of chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal efficiency and rate and color removal rate.Further exploratory tests revealed a difference between the roles of suspended and attached bacterial populations,with the former yielding better color removal whilst the latter had better COD removal performance.The sequential anaerobic–aerobic process,employing an aerobic membrane bioreactor in the aerobic stage resulted in COD and color removal of 77.1±7.9%and 79.9±1.5%,respectively.The incomplete COD and color removal was attributed to the presence of soluble microbial products in the effluent and the autoxidation of dye reduction metabolites,respectively.Also,aerobic partial mineralization of the dye reduction metabolites,was experimentally observed.

硫自养反硝化ASBR工艺脱氮除硫效果及功能菌研究

研究了硫自养反硝化-厌氧序批式反应器(SDAD-ASBR)同步脱氮除硫效果的影响因素和SDADASBR中微生物群落结构特征。结果表明,当n(S)/n(N)(记作S/N)为1,进水S^(2-)和NO_(3)^(-)-N质量浓度分别为300 mg/L和131.25 mg/L时系统内无亚硝酸盐积累现象,脱氮除硫效率高,硫化物和硝酸盐的去除率分别为99.97%和84.34%;但S/N降低,出水产物中亚硝酸盐升高。水力停留时间(HRT)对硝酸盐的去除效果影响显著,但对硫化物的去除效果影响不大,当HRT由12 h缩短至2.4 h时,硫化物的去除率均在99%以上,而硝酸盐的去除率则由93.14%下降至77.04%。系统中脱氮除硫的主要功能菌属为微小杆菌属、梭菌属、芽孢杆菌属、硫杆菌属和鞘单胞菌属。

Correlation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification

The feasibility of the nitrous organic wastewater treated was studied in seven anaerobic sequencing batch reactors（ASBRs） （0^#-6^#） which had been run under stable anaerobic ammonium oxidation （Anammox）. By means of monitoring and data analysis of COD, NH4^#-N, NO2^--N, NO3^--N and pH, and of microbial test, the results revealed that the optimal Anammox performance was achieved from 2^# reactor in which COD/NH4^＋ -N was 1.65, Anammox bacteria and denitrification bacteria could coexist, and Anammox reaction and denitrification reaction could occur simultaneously in the reactors. The ratio of NH4^＋-N consumed ： NO2^- -N consumed ： NO3^- -N produced was 1：1.38：0.19 in 0^# reactor which was not added glucose in the wastewater. When different ratio of COD and NH4^＋-N was fed for the reactors, the ratio of NO2^- -N consumed： NH4^＋-N consumed was in the range of 1.51-2.29 and the ratio of NO;-N produced： NH4^＋ -N consumed in the range of 0 -0.05.

有机碳源条件下厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器中的主要反应

采用5个已稳定运行在厌氧氨氧化状态的ASBR反应器，通过COD、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、pH等指标的监测和好氧硝化菌、异养反硝化菌的测定，研究了不同有机碳源条件下反应器中发生的主要反应．结果表明，反应器中存在好氧硝化菌、异养反硝化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌．在COD、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮等存在条件下，可发生好氧硝化、厌氧氨氧化和异养反硝化反应，先是好氧硝化反应、厌氧氨氧化反应和异养反硝化反应共存，其后依次是异养反硝化反应和厌氧氨氧化反应占主导地位．当C／NO2^--N在1．7～1．9范围内时，C／NH4^＋-N为1．7的1号反应器具有最佳的厌氧氨氧化效果，反应结束时其COD去除率、NH4^＋-N去除率、NO2^--N去除率分别为100％、81．7％和74．4％．

常温低基质厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器的快速启动

采用低基质模拟废水〔NH_4^+-N、NO_2^--N分别为(25±0.4)、(33±0.6)mg/L〕,在温度为(23±0.5)℃的条件下,研究了厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器的快速启动。第Ⅰ阶段HRT为24 h,pH不控制,菌体自溶期出水NH_4^+-N为69 mg/L,活性停滞期出水NH_4^+-N与进水几乎相等;第Ⅱ~Ⅲ阶段,菌体处于活性提高期,HRT分别为12、8 h,pH控制为8.0~8.2,出水NH_4^+-N降低到1.6 mg/L,NO_2^--N均先升高后降低;第Ⅳ阶段HRT为4 h,pH控制为8.0~8.2,出水NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N均低于1 mg/L,TN去除负荷为352.3 mg/(L·d),△m(NH_4^+-N)∶△m(NO_2^--N)∶△m(NO_3^--N)=1∶(1.33±0.02)∶(0.26±0.02),反应器启动成功。

ASBR处理食品废水中DOM转化过程的荧光光谱

利用厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)处理食品废水,结合三维荧光光谱技术考察不同反应时段废水中溶解性有机物(DOM)的光谱特征和物质来源,并建立DOM特征峰荧光强度与氨氮浓度的关系.工艺运行结果表明:食品废水经过ASBR处理后,进水的COD从1100mg/L降至91mg/L,COD去除率达到91.73%,说明ASBR反应器可有效降解食品废水中的有机物质.三维荧光光谱显示,5种物质的特征荧光峰,即高激发波长色氨酸(峰A)、低激发波长色氨酸(峰B)、可见光区富里酸(峰C)、紫外光区富里酸(峰D)、类腐殖酸(峰E).随着厌氧生物处理的进行,峰A、峰B和峰C的荧光强度表现为先增加后减少的趋势;峰D荧光强度表现为微弱增加趋势;峰E荧光强度为先减少后增加趋势.荧光光谱指数FI、HIX、BIX表明,废水具有明显生物源特征.建立高激发波长色氨酸、低激发波长色氨酸特征峰荧光强度与色氨酸荧光强度之和与氨氮浓度在反应周期内的相关性,其相关系数分别为0.8136、0.9390、0.9153,说明可通过三维荧光光谱技术快速监测食品废水厌氧生物处理过程中的氨氮浓度.

接种不同污泥启动厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器研究

采用ASBR反应器,分别以好氧硝化污泥和厌氧颗粒污泥为种泥,通过对氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮等指标的监测和数据分析、污泥颜色的观察,研究2个厌氧氨氧化反应器启动的可行性及其差异。结果表明,2个厌氧氨氧化反应器均可成功启动;采用好氧硝化污泥启动厌氧氨氧化反应器耗时142d,启动前后污泥颜色变化不大,亚硝酸盐氮浓度超过20mmol/L会对厌氧氨氧化产生明显的抑制作用;采用厌氧颗粒污泥启动厌氧氨氧化反应器耗时249d,启动前后污泥颜色变化很大,从黑色逐渐变为砖红色,亚硝酸盐氮浓度超过13.4mmol/L会对厌氧氨氧化产生抑制作用;分别用以上2种污泥启动的厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器中占优势地位的厌氧氨氧化菌不同。

ASBR法处理酸性钛白废水的技术研究

采用厌氧序批式反应器 (ASBR)处理高浓度硫酸盐废水 ,取得了较好的效果 模拟废水和实际钛白粉废水的试验显示 ,硫酸根离子的去除率分别达到 92 .1% ,83.5 % COD SO42 -的比值对硫酸根离子去除率有较大影响 ,比值在 2～ 3时效果最佳 该试验工艺的一个特点是采用了气循环与水循环并用的方法 ,以防止硫化氢气体对硫酸盐还原菌 (SRB)的毒害 。

ASBR处理热水解污泥的启动试验研究

进行了中温、高温厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)处理热水解污泥的启动试验,同时与中温连续流搅拌反应器(CSTR)进行对比,ASBR启动期包括种泥驯化期、过渡期和稳态期3个阶段.启动过程中污泥固体物质在ASBR中不断积累而保持较高的固体停留时间(SRT),有助于提高处理效率.污泥中蛋白质生化降解产生的氨氮提高了体系的缓冲能力,pH值保持在6.60～7.72之间.当水力停留时间(HRT)为20d、容积负荷为2.71kg COD/(m3·d)时,中温ASBR、高温ASBR和中温CSTR的总COD(TCOD)去除率分别为67.71%、64.55%、60.25%.相应地,中温、高温ASBR的平均日产气量比中温CSTR分别提高15%、10%.

ASBR反应器厌氧氨氧化脱氮Ⅰ:工艺特性与控制策略

采用ASBR厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)反应器,考察了反应器启动特性并提出了反应器优化启动策略,并且从基质控制和环境控制两方面分析了ANAMMOX工艺过程控制策略.启动优越性表现为:17d结束菌体自溶,出现了ANAMMOX现象;第51d由物料衡算知AAOB的产量超过反硝化菌;经100多d的培养,获得了砖红色小颗粒状污泥.由基质控制分析可知,要实现稳定运行,需控制进水NO2--N浓度低于240mg/L,否则会受到亚硝酸盐的抑制.由环境控制分析可知,ΔpH与进水流量Q的乘积(ΔpH.Q)同氨氮去除负荷之间存在良好的线性关系,pH值可以用作反应器运行状况的指示性参数.同时发现,稳定阶段周期内的ORP与pH值具有良好线性关系,ORP可以表述氨氮去除速率的变化趋势,根据ORP曲线的"转折点"得到了ANAMMOX反应脱氮延迟时间.

厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)的六大优点

分析了厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)的六大优点,与连续流厌氧反应器相比,ASBR构造简单、投资省,生物絮凝和固液分离效果好,水头损失小、动力费用低,生化反应推动力大,可形成以甲烷八叠球菌为优势菌的颗粒污泥,处理高浓度有机废水时对碱度的需求量少,运行费用低。

ASBR反应器厌氧氨氧化脱氮Ⅱ:反应动力学

研究了ASBR厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)反应器稳定条件下周期内的基质动力学特性以及过程抑制动力学特性,并得到适合描述上述特性的动力学模型.其中,稳态下周期内基质去除模型是首次被调查研究,研究发现,修正的Logistic模型和修正的Boltzmann模型相比Grau二级基质去除模型和修正的Gompertz模型而言,更适合描述稳态下周期内基质去除特性,并且通过模型得到了周期内任意t时刻下的出水总氮和总氮去除率预测公式.运用Haldane模型和Aiba模型建立了出水FA浓度与总氮去除负荷(TN RR)以及出水NO2--N浓度与总氮去除负荷(TN RR)之间的关系,结果表明:Haldane模型更适合用来描述基质抑制动力学特性,模型预测得到的出水FA和出水NO2--N抑制浓度分别为72.36mg/L和140.60mg/L.上述动力学模型的应用和动力学参数的获得可能会有助于ASBR反应器的优化设计和过程控制.

ASBR处理高浓度悬浮固体废物的工艺特性

在水力停留时间（HRT）分别为20、10、7．5、5d的条件下，进行了中温、高温厌氧序批式反应器（ASBR）处理热水解污泥的试验，在此基础上总结了ASBR处理高浓度悬浮固体废物的工艺特性．ASBR可以有效积累悬浮固体从而保持较高的固体浓度，但ASBR存在一“临界点”，即最大积累悬浮固体的能力，超过此临界点，反应器运行不稳．在稳态运行条件下，ASBR能保持较高固体停留时间（SRT）和微生物平均细胞停留时间（MCRT），在处理热水解污泥时，SRT和MCRT分别是水力停留时间（HRT）的2．53～3．73倍、2．03～3．14倍．因此，与传统的连续流搅拌反应器（CSTR）相比，ASBR的处理效率提高7．13％～34．68％．

厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)预处理垃圾渗滤液

在中温30～35℃条件下,厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)对垃圾渗滤液进行厌氧预处理,结果表明:较高的进水COD和OLR条件下,反应器有着更好的处理效果;相近的OLR条件下,较长的HRT有更好的COD去除效果;OLR较低时,进水时间/反应时间(tF/tR)越大,COD去除效果越好;OLR较高时则需要较小的tF/tR;COD去除率随进水NH4+-N/COD的升高有明显的下降趋势;垃圾渗滤液COD/SO24-在5.52～11.41,反应器中不但有甲烷产生,同时也有硫酸盐的还原发生,SO24-去除率最高可达到77%。

农村小城镇生活污水的ASBR和微氧SBR处理研究

考察了厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)和微氧SBR处理农村小城镇生活污水的可行性。结果表明,ASBR具有对农村小城镇污水预处理,减轻后续工艺负担,或者单独处理氨氮含量较低的污水的可行性;微氧SBR具有单独处理农村小城镇污水的可行性。ASBR运行温度10~15℃,间歇搅拌频率1 min/30 min,进水COD在100~400 mg/L,SS在10~180 mg/L,HRT分别为24,36,48,96 h,对应的CODt平均去除率为59.8%,62.7%,64.5%,68.8%;对应的SS平均去除率为62.1%,71.3%,81.6%,82.2%。微氧SBR反应器35℃运行,间歇曝气频率1 min/60 min,进水COD在100~400 mg/L,SS在10~180 mg/L,氨氮在20~30 mg/L,HRT分别为24 h,36h,48 h,96 h时,对应的SS平均去除率为73.2%,78.9%,85.3%,88.2%;对应的氨氮平均去除率为65.1%,70.0%,77.1%,83.5%。