基于WGCNA探讨葛根素对呕吐毒素诱导C6细胞损伤的保护作用

【目的】利用呕吐毒素(deoxynivalenol,DON)构建C6细胞损伤模型,分析葛根素(puerarin,PUE)对DON诱导C6细胞损伤的保护作用机制。【方法】通过RNA测序(RNA-seq)和加权基因共表达网络分析(weighted gene co-expression network analysis,WGCNA),挖掘与PUE缓解DON诱导C6细胞损伤最相关的关键模块和关键核心靶点基因,探究PUE缓解DON诱导的神经毒性作用的分子机制。【结果】PUE可以显著抑制DON诱导的C6细胞活力下降,对损伤的C6细胞形态有所恢复,可有效缓解DON诱导的C6细胞损伤。RNA-seq和WGCNA结果表明,Blue模块是与PUE缓解DON诱导C6细胞损伤表型最相关的关键模块,从中筛选出S100a11、Pdia3、Hsp90b1等基因是PUE发挥对DON诱导C6细胞损伤保护作用的关键核心基因。【结论】PUE可能是通过靶向关键核心基因参与内质网中的蛋白质加工途径从而缓解DON诱导的C6细胞损伤。

WGCNA和机器学习识别骨关节炎铁死亡特征基因及实验验证

背景:铁死亡与骨关节炎发生、发展密切相关,但具体特征基因及调控机制尚不清楚。目的:运用WGCNA及多种机器学习方法识别骨关节炎铁死亡特征基因及免疫浸润分析。方法:从GEO数据库下载骨关节炎相关数据集,同时在FerrDb网站中获取铁死亡相关基因,采用R语言对骨关节炎数据集进行批次校正、提取骨关节炎铁死亡基因并进行差异分析,对差异基因进行GO功能及KEGG信号通路分析;同时运用WGCNA分析及机器学习(随机森林、LASSO回归及SVM-RFE分析)筛选骨关节炎铁死亡特征基因,并进行体外细胞实验,将软骨细胞分为正常组和骨关节炎组,运用数据集及qPCR验证表达并行相关免疫浸润分析。结果与结论:①经批次校正及PCA分析获得骨关节炎基因12548个,同时获得铁死亡基因484个,进而得到24个骨关节炎铁死亡差异基因;②GO分析主要涉及对氧化应激反应、对有机磷反应等生物过程;涉及细胞顶端、顶端质膜等细胞组分;涉及血红素结合、四吡咯结合等分子功能;③KEGG分析显示,骨关节炎铁死亡差异基因与白细胞介素17信号通路、肿瘤坏因子信号通路等信号通路有关;④运用WGCNA分析及机器学习筛选后获得特征基因KLF2;通过基因芯片验证后发现实验组半月板组织中KLF2基因表达高于对照组(P=0.00014);⑤体外细胞实验显示,骨关节炎组软骨细胞中Ⅱ型胶原、KLF2基因表达低于对照组(P<0.05),同时在骨关节炎铁死亡中肥大细胞与树突状细胞密切相关(r=0.99),KLF2与自然杀伤细胞(r=-1,P=0.017)、滤泡辅助性T细胞(r=-1,P=0.017)等密切相关;⑥结果显示,运用WGCNA分析及机器学习方法证实KLF2可作为骨关节炎铁死亡的特征基因,可能通过干预KLF2来改善骨关节炎铁死亡。

基于WGCNA鉴定花生荚果膨大相关基因共表达模块

花生荚果膨大过程直接决定了荚果大小,深入研究该过程有助于明确荚果大小的调控机制。本研究以不同荚果大小的花生品种(系)为研究对象,分析荚果发育早期转录水平的变化,并利用加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)确定与荚果发育相关的关键基因。结果表明,差异基因主要富集到跨膜受体蛋白激酶活性、UDP−葡萄糖基转移酶活性、植物细胞壁、膜的锚固成分和细胞壁的生物合成功能上;MAPK信号通路−植物、植物激素信号转导、植物−病原菌互作、苯丙烷生物合成以及淀粉和蔗糖代谢是荚果发育早期主要富集到的代谢通路。WGCNA共鉴定到29个模块,其中Antiquewhite4和Darkolivegreen模块与荚果长、宽呈极显著相关,对两个关键模块内权重值最高的200个基因对进行核心基因分析,发现gene-LOC112797233、gene-LOC112743864、gene-LOC112701973、gene-LOC112764826和gene-LOC112710700等多个潜在的候选基因在荚果发育过程中起重要作用。此外,对模块内基因的GO富集分析表明,Antiquewhite4和Darkolivegreen模块可能分别与次生细胞壁的形成及细胞周期的调控相关。研究结果有助于进一步了解花生荚果发育的分子机制。

基于WGCNA挖掘天津猴鸡裸颈性状相关基因

天津猴鸡是中国珍贵的裸颈鸡遗传资源,为在全基因组范围内探究其裸颈发育相关基因,本研究采集天津猴鸡杂交F_(1)代裸颈鸡和常羽鸡颈部皮肤组织用于转录组测序。加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)结果显示,识别到的10个基因模块中只有蓝绿色(turquoise)和蓝色(blue)基因模块与裸颈表型显著相关,共计583个基因;GO功能富集分析富集到脂滴组织、甘油三酯储存负调控以及肌肉收缩等脂肪和肌肉相关生物学过程等条目;KEGG通路分析也富集到多条脂肪代谢相关通路,包括PPAR信号通路和甘油酯代谢等;蛋白质互作网络分析结果显示ACTN2基因编码的蛋白质的连通性最高,其次是MYL10基因编码的蛋白质,另外,还发现多个密切参与毛囊发育的基因,包括SOX9和PPARGC等。本研究结果将为进一步揭示并完善鸡裸颈的形成和发育奠定基础,同时对天津猴鸡的保护、开发和利用具有重要意义。

基于WGCNA分析鉴定宫颈癌放疗预后相关基因

目的:探究宫颈癌放疗前后基因表达差异及其与放疗疗效和宫颈癌预后的关系。方法:本研究通过GEO数据库获取宫颈癌组织放疗前后的基因表达数据,应用WGCNA构建基因共表达网络找到放疗相关的共表达基因模块。进一步通过差异表达分析、生存分析鉴定与宫颈癌放疗预后相关的基因。结果:利用宫颈癌组织的基因表达谱数据(放疗前n=20,放疗后n=30)通过WGCNA分析鉴定出与放疗显著相关的共表达基因模块。针对关联性最强、最显著(r=-0.5,P=0.0002)的模块进行功能富集分析,结果显示该模块内的基因富集在细胞增殖、凋亡、自噬等生物通路。进一步通过差异表达分析发现HELZ和NEDD4是放疗后显著下调基因(_(log 2)FC=-1.54,P=0.0006,FDR=0.06)和NEDD4(_(log 2)FC=-1.13,P=0.0017,FDR=0.08)。生存分析显示HELZ和NEDD4的高表达与宫颈癌患者生存预后不良相关(_(Log-rank)P<0.05)。结论:本研究通过WGCNA分析识别出宫颈癌放疗相关的共表达基因模块,发现HELZ和NEDD4可能是宫颈癌放疗预后的潜在生物标志物。为深入了解宫颈癌放疗机制和制定个体化治疗方案提供了新的线索。

基于WGCNA鉴定全缘叶绿绒蒿类黄酮合成途径关键基因

【目的】黄酮类化合物具有抗炎、抗癌、抑菌等多种功效,是全缘叶绿绒蒿的主要药用成分之一。通过分析全缘叶绿绒蒿不同部位的空间代谢组与转录组信息,挖掘调控黄酮类化合物合成的关键基因,为研究全缘叶绿绒蒿类黄酮合成机制提供理论参考,并为提高类黄酮含量遗传育种奠定分子基础。【方法】以全缘叶绿绒蒿的根、茎、叶和花瓣为材料,对不同部位进行转录组测序,并通过空间代谢组数据分析黄酮类化合物在不同部位中的分布情况,利用加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)鉴定出与黄酮类化合物合成密切相关的关键模块和关键基因。另外,挑选12个基因进行qRT-PCR,验证转录组数据的可靠性。【结果】全缘叶绿绒蒿中黄酮类化合物在不同部位呈现差异积累,花瓣是黄酮类化合物积累的主要部位,同时明确了8种主要黄酮类化合物。转录组测序共获得20085个表达基因,仅在花中表达的基因有286个,是仅在其他部位中表达基因数量的3.6—4.2倍。利用WGCNA对过滤后的高表达差异基因进行划分,共获得14个共表达模块,确定了关键模块MEturquoise和MEgreen与8个主要黄酮类化合物显著相关(P<0.05)。KEGG分析发现这两个模块基因主要在代谢相关的通路中富集,在黄酮类化合物合成相关通路上也有基因富集,两个模块分别包含了18个和6个与黄酮类化合物合成相关的基因,并从模块中筛选到14个核心结构基因(5个CHS、2个HIDH、2个CCoAOMT以及FLS、CYP75B1、CHI、HCT和CYP73A)和1个转录因子HB2,这些基因多在花瓣或是茎中高表达。qRT-PCR所测基因表达变化趋势与转录组基本一致,表明利用该转录组数据所得出的分析结果可信。【结论】全缘叶绿绒蒿黄酮类化合物积累和基因表达在不同器官间具有显著差异,联合分析筛选到与黄酮类化合物积累密切相关的14个核心结构基因和1个转录因子,这些基因可能在调控全缘叶绿绒蒿不同器官黄酮类化合物的合成和差异积累过程中起到关键作用。

Screening biomarkers for spinal cord injury using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning

Immune changes and inflammatory responses have been identified as central events in the pathological process of spinal co rd injury.They can greatly affect nerve regeneration and functional recovery.However,there is still limited understanding of the peripheral immune inflammato ry response in spinal cord inju ry.In this study.we obtained microRNA expression profiles from the peripheral blood of patients with spinal co rd injury using high-throughput sequencing.We also obtained the mRNA expression profile of spinal cord injury patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database(GSE151371).We identified 54 differentially expressed microRNAs and 1656 diffe rentially expressed genes using bioinformatics approaches.Functional enrichment analysis revealed that various common immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways,such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathway,T cell receptor signaling pathway,and nuclear factor-κB signal pathway,we re abnormally activated or inhibited in spinal cord inju ry patient samples.We applied an integrated strategy that combines weighted gene co-expression network analysis,LASSO logistic regression,and SVM-RFE algorithm and identified three biomarke rs associated with spinal cord injury:ANO10,BST1,and ZFP36L2.We verified the expression levels and diagnostic perfo rmance of these three genes in the original training dataset and clinical samples through the receiver operating characteristic curve.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that ANO20 and BST1 mRNA levels were increased and ZFP36L2 mRNA was decreased in the peripheral blood of spinal cord injury patients.We also constructed a small RNA-mRNA interaction network using Cytoscape.Additionally,we evaluated the proportion of 22 types of immune cells in the peripheral blood of spinal co rd injury patients using the CIBERSORT tool.The proportions of naive B cells,plasma cells,monocytes,and neutrophils were increased while the proportions of memory B cells,CD8^(+)T cells,resting natural killer cells,resting dendritic cells,and eosinophils were markedly decreased in spinal cord injury patients increased compared with healthy subjects,and ANO10,BST1 and ZFP26L2we re closely related to the proportion of certain immune cell types.The findings from this study provide new directions for the development of treatment strategies related to immune inflammation in spinal co rd inju ry and suggest that ANO10,BST2,and ZFP36L2 are potential biomarkers for spinal cord injury.The study was registe red in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration No.ChiCTR2200066985,December 12,2022).

Social-ecological perspective on the suicidal behaviour factors of early adolescents in China:a network analysis

Background In early adolescence,youth are highly prone to suicidal behaviours.Identifying modifiable risk factors during this critical phase is a priority to inform effective suicide prevention strategies.Aims To explore the risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviours(ie,suicidal ideation,plans and attempts)in early adolescence in China using a social-ecological perspective.Methods Using data from the cross-sectional project‘Healthy and Risky Behaviours Among Middle School Students in Anhui Province,China',stratified random cluster sampling was used to select 5724 middle school students who had completed self-report questionnaires in November 2020.Network analysis was employed to examine the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts at four levels,namely individual(sex,academic performance,serious physical llness/disability,history of self-harm,depression,impulsivity,sleep problems,resilience),family(family economic status,relationship with mother,relationship with father,family violence,childhood abuse,parental mental illness),school(relationship with teachers,relationship with classmates,school-bullying victimisation and perpetration)and social(social support,satisfaction with society).Results In total,37.9%,19.0%and 5.5%of the students reported suicidal ideation,plans and attempts in the past 6 months,respectively.The estimated network revealed that suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were collectively associated with a history of self-harm,sleep problems,childhood abuse,school bullying and victimisation.Centrality analysis indicated that the most influential nodes in the network were history of self-harm and childhood abuse.Notably,the network also showed unique correlates of suicidal ideation(sex,weight=0.60;impulsivity,weight=0.24;family violence,weight=0.17;relationship with teachers,weight=-0.03;school-bullying perpetration,weight=0.22),suicidal plans(social support,weight=-0.15)and suicidal attempts(relationship with mother,weight=-0.10;parental mental llness,weight=0.61).Conclusions This study identified the correlates of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts,and provided practical implications for suicide prevention for young adolescents in China.Firstly,this study highlighted the importance of joint interventions across multiple departments.Secondly,the common risk factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts were elucidated.Thirdly,this study proposed target interventions to address the unique influencing factors of suicidal ideation,plans and attempts.

基于WGCNA联合免疫浸润探讨斑秃发病机制及靶向中药预测分析

目的应用WGCNA联合免疫浸润方法,分析斑秃发病的核心差异基因及免疫浸润情况并预测斑秃治疗的有效中药。方法下载基因芯片数据集GSE68801,通过表达差异和模块分析筛选差异基因,在CTD和STRING平台对差异基因进行富集分析及PPI网络构建,应用Cytoscape筛选PPI网络中的核心基因并通过ROC曲线预测诊断效能,并以GSE45512数据集对核心基因进行验证。采用CIBERSORT分析AA组织中免疫细胞浸润情况,通过spearman筛选与免疫浸润相关的核心基因,并通过CoremineMedical数据库预测有效中药。结果筛出差异基因255个,主要参与头发周期、细胞因子与细胞因子受体相互作用、趋化因子信号通路、Th1和Th2细胞分化等。PPI网络中具有诊断效能的核心基因主要有BMP2、CCL5、CXCL10、CXCL9、IL10RA、CD2、CD3D、CD8A、ITGAL,免疫浸润主要为T cells gamma delta、Macrophages M1和Macrophages M2的浸润程度明显增多,而Mast cells resting浸润程度下降,相关核心基因为BMP2、CD8A、CXCL10、IL10RA、ITGAL等,预测的有效中药主要为枸杞子、当归、丹参、人参、红花、甘草等。结论通过生物信息学方法获得与AA免疫浸润高度相关的核心基因,并预测有效中药,为深入探索AA发病机制及靶向治疗提供理论依据。

A Review on Sources,Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial:Tannins

Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products.They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry.They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries,such as wood adhesives,metal coating,pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others.This review presents the main sources,either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials,their industrial and laboratory extraction systems,their systems of analysis with their advantages and drawbacks,be these methods so simple to even appear primitive but nonetheless of proven effectiveness,or very modern and instrumental.It constitutes a basic but essential summary of what is necessary to know of these sustainable materials.In doing so,the review highlights some of the main challenges that remain to be addressed to deliver the quality and economics of tannin supply necessary to fulfill the industrial production requirements for some materials-based uses.

Lagrangian coherent structure analysis on transport of Acetes chinensis along coast of Lianyungang,China

Spatial heterogeneity or“patchiness”of plankton distributions in the ocean has always been an attractive and challenging scientific issue to oceanographers.We focused on the accumulation and dynamic mechanism of the Acetes chinensis in the Lianyungang nearshore licensed fishing area.The Lagrangian frame approaches including the Lagrangian coherent structures theory,Lagrangian residual current,and Lagrangian particle-tracking model were applied to find the transport pathways and aggregation characteristics of Acetes chinensis.There exist some material transport pathways for Acetes chinensis passing through the licensed fishing area,and Acetes chinensis is easy to accumulate in the licensed fishing area.The main mechanism forming this distribution pattern is the local circulation induced by the nonlinear interaction of topography and tidal flow.Both the Lagrangian coherent structure analysis and the particle trajectory tracking indicate that Acetes chinensis in the licensed fishing area come from the nearshore estuary.This work contributed to the adjustment of licensed fishing area and the efficient utilization of fishery resources.

Iron and ferritin effects on intensive care unit mortality:A metaanalysis

BACKGROUND The effect of serum iron or ferritin parameters on mortality among critically ill patients is not well characterized.AIM To determine the association between serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.METHODS Web of Science,Embase,PubMed,and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies on serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.Two reviewers independently assessed,selected,and abstracted data from studies reporting on serum iron or ferritin parameters and mortality among critically ill patients.Data on serum iron or ferritin levels,mortality,and demographics were extracted.RESULTS Nineteen studies comprising 125490 patients were eligible for inclusion.We observed a slight negative effect of serum ferritin on mortality in the United States population[relative risk(RR)1.002;95%CI:1.002-1.004].In patients with sepsis,serum iron had a significant negative effect on mortality(RR=1.567;95%CI:1.208-1.925).CONCLUSION This systematic review presents evidence of a negative correlation between serum iron levels and mortality among patients with sepsis.Furthermore,it reveals a minor yet adverse impact of serum ferritin on mortality among the United States population.

基于WGCNA和动物实验探究骨坏死康复丸治疗激素性股骨头坏死的作用机制

目的探讨骨坏死康复丸治疗激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SONFH)的主要药理学基础和作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)等数据库对骨坏死康复丸的有效成分和靶点进行筛选。基于人类在线孟德尔遗传数据库(Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,OMIM)和GeneCards数据库筛选SONFH的靶点。采用加权基因共表达网络分析(Weighted gene co-expression network analysis,WGCNA)对SONFH基因模块和枢纽基因进行鉴定。取三者的交集,获得骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在靶点,并利用Cytoscape软件构建的“活性成分-靶点”网络筛选关键活性成分;然后,利用STRING数据库构建蛋白相互作用网络,筛选关键靶点。进行基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析,探索“关键活性成分-关键靶点-关键信号通路”之间的关系。最后,进行了关键活性成分与关键靶点的分子对接,并使用SONFH大鼠模型进行实验验证。结果得到骨坏死康复丸的146个化合物和相应的346个靶点,获得了4187个SONFH靶点。此外,基于WGCNA筛选出SONFH的12个基因模块和2556个枢纽基因,得到槲皮素、木犀草素和山柰酚是骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的关键活性成分,涉及PI3K/AKT等多条信号通路。分子对接显示关键活性成分与关键靶点之间存在较好的结合活性。动物实验结果证明骨坏死康复丸可通过上调AKT1、PI3K、RUNX2,下调Caspase-3和IL-6的表达改善骨生物学改变(P<0.01),验证了网络药理学部分预测结果。结论通过网络药理学和动物实验分析了骨坏死康复丸治疗SONFH的潜在作用机制,可为进一步研究其药理基础和靶点提供参考。

Semi-analytical solution for drained expansion analysis of a hollow cylinder of critical state soils

The expansion of a thick-walled hollow cylinder in soil is of non-self-similar nature that the stress/deformation paths are not the same for different soil material points.As a result,this problem cannot be solved by the common self-similar-based similarity techniques.This paper proposes a novel,exact solution for rigorous drained expansion analysis of a hollow cylinder of critical state soils.Considering stress-dependent elastic moduli of soils,new analytical stress and displacement solutions for the nonself-similar problem are developed taking the small strain assumption in the elastic zone.In the plastic zone,the cavity expansion response is formulated into a set of first-order partial differential equations(PDEs)with the combination use of Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions,and a novel solution algorithm is developed to efficiently solve this complex boundary value problem.The solution is presented in a general form and thus can be useful for a wide range of soils.With the new solution,the non-self-similar nature induced by the finite outer boundary is clearly demonstrated and highlighted,which is found to be greatly different to the behaviour of cavity expansion in infinite soil mass.The present solution may serve as a benchmark for verifying the performance of advanced numerical techniques with critical state soil models and be used to capture the finite boundary effect for pressuremeter tests in small-sized calibration chambers.

Identification of cell surface markers for acute myeloid leukemia prognosis based on multi-model analysis

Given the extremely high inter-patient heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia(AML),the identification of biomarkers for prognostic assessment and therapeutic guidance is critical.Cell surface markers(CSMs)have been shown to play an important role in AML leukemogenesis and progression.In the current study,we evaluated the prognostic potential of all human CSMs in 130 AML patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)based on differential gene expression analysis and univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.By using multi-model analysis,including Adaptive LASSO regression,LASSO regression,and Elastic Net,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model for risk stratification of the AML patients.The predictive value of the 9-CSMs risk score was further validated at the transcriptome and proteome levels.Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for the AML patients.The AML patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores had a shorter overall and event-free survival time than those with low scores.Notably,single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores exhibited chemotherapy resistance.Furthermore,PI3K inhibitors were identified as potential treatments for these high-risk patients.In conclusion,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model that served as an independent prognostic factor for the survival of AML patients and held the potential for guiding drug therapy.

Model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for time–frequency analysis of batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors

Joint time–frequency analysis is an emerging method for interpreting the underlying physics in fuel cells,batteries,and supercapacitors.To increase the reliability of time–frequency analysis,a theoretical correlation between frequency-domain stationary analysis and time-domain transient analysis is urgently required.The present work formularizes a thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for electrochemical energy devices involving not only the model reduction from fractional-order models to integer-order models and from high-to low-order RC circuits but also insight into the evolution of the characteristic time constants during the whole reduction process.The following work has been carried out:(i)the model-reduction theory is addressed for typical Warburg elements and RC circuits based on the continued fraction expansion theory and the response error minimization technique,respectively;(ii)the order effect on the model reduction of typical Warburg elements is quantitatively evaluated by time–frequency analysis;(iii)the results of time–frequency analysis are confirmed to be useful to determine the reduction order in terms of the kinetic information needed to be captured;and(iv)the results of time–frequency analysis are validated for the model reduction of fractional impedance spectra for lithium-ion batteries,supercapacitors,and solid oxide fuel cells.In turn,the numerical validation has demonstrated the powerful function of the joint time–frequency analysis.The thorough model reduction of fractional impedance spectra addressed in the present work not only clarifies the relationship between time-domain transient analysis and frequency-domain stationary analysis but also enhances the reliability of the joint time–frequency analysis for electrochemical energy devices.

基于WGCNA筛选胃癌相关自然杀伤细胞基因及潜在中药预测

目的:通过加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)筛选胃癌相关自然杀伤细胞基因,探讨自然杀伤细胞相关基因与胃癌预后相关性,预测潜在治疗的中药。方法:运用WGCNA分别构建TCGA-STAD数据集和GSE84437数据集胃癌自然杀伤细胞相关基因共表达网络,获得自然杀伤细胞相关基因。通过单因素Cox回归分析获得与预后相关基因,对预后相关基因进行生存分析,获得与生存相关的基因,以GSE84433作为验证集。运用CIBERSORT反卷积算法计算生存相关基因在22种免疫细胞中的浸润情况。将预后相关的基因映射到Coremine Medical数据库,获得潜在中药,并对筛选中药进行四气、五味、归经及功效的频数统计。结果:通过WGCNA及差异分析,筛选出98个与自然杀伤细胞相关基因,单因素Cox分析共获得22个与预后相关的基因,通过生存分析,发现5个基因与生存显著相关,且与大部分免疫细胞存在相关性,并在GSE84433数据集得到验证。将预后相关基因映射到Coremine Medical数据库,获得潜在治疗中药186味,其中姜黄、郁金等10味中药出现频数较高,药性以温、寒为主,药味以苦、辛、甘为主,归经以肝经、肺经、胃经、脾经为主,功效以补虚药、清热药为主。结论:IL32、IRF8、INFG、SNX10、BATF2等5个胃癌相关自然杀伤细胞基因与胃癌预后相关,姜黄、郁金等中药可能通过提高自然杀伤细胞的活性和数量改善胃癌的预后。本研究揭示中药可能通过改变肿瘤免疫微环境改善患者生存预后,为后续中药研究提供思路。

Application of Isogeometric Analysis Method in Three-Dimensional Gear Contact Analysis

Gears are pivotal in mechanical drives,and gear contact analysis is a typically difficult problem to solve.Emerging isogeometric analysis(IGA)methods have developed new ideas to solve this problem.In this paper,a threedimensional body parametric gear model of IGA is established,and a theoretical formula is derived to realize single-tooth contact analysis.Results were benchmarked against those obtained from commercial software utilizing the finite element analysis(FEA)method to validate the accuracy of our approach.Our findings indicate that the IGA-based contact algorithmsuccessfullymet theHertz contact test.When juxtaposed with the FEA approach,the IGAmethod demonstrated fewer node degrees of freedomand reduced computational units,all whilemaintaining comparable accuracy.Notably,the IGA method appeared to exhibit consistency in analysis accuracy irrespective of computational unit density,and also significantlymitigated non-physical oscillations in contact stress across the tooth width.This underscores the prowess of IGA in contact analysis.In conclusion,IGA emerges as a potent tool for addressing contact analysis challenges and holds significant promise for 3D gear modeling,simulation,and optimization of various mechanical components.

Preliminary electromagnetic analysis of the COOL blanket for CFETR

The supercritical CO_(2)cOoled Lithium-Lead(COOL)blanket has been designed as one advanced blanket candidate for the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor(CFETR).This work focuses on the electromagnetic(EM)loads(Maxwell force and Lorentz force)acting on the COOL blanket,which are important mechanical loads in further structural analysis of the COOL blanket.A 3D electromagnetic analysis is performed using the ANSYS finite element method to obtain EM loads on the COOL blanket in this study.At first,the magnetic scalar potential(MSP)method is used to obtain the magnetic field and the Maxwell force on the COOL blanket.Then,the magnetic vector potential(MVP)method is performed during a plasma disruption event to get the eddy current distribution.At last,a multi-step method is adopted for the calculation of the Lorentz force and the torque.The maximum Lorentz forces of inboard and outboard blanket structural components are 5624 kN and 2360 kN respectively.

SFGA-CPA: A Novel Screening Correlation Power Analysis Framework Based on Genetic Algorithm

Correlation power analysis(CPA)combined with genetic algorithms(GA)now achieves greater attack efficiency and can recover all subkeys simultaneously.However,two issues in GA-based CPA still need to be addressed:key degeneration and slow evolution within populations.These challenges significantly hinder key recovery efforts.This paper proposes a screening correlation power analysis framework combined with a genetic algorithm,named SFGA-CPA,to address these issues.SFGA-CPA introduces three operations designed to exploit CPA characteris-tics:propagative operation,constrained crossover,and constrained mutation.Firstly,the propagative operation accelerates population evolution by maximizing the number of correct bytes in each individual.Secondly,the constrained crossover and mutation operations effectively address key degeneration by preventing the compromise of correct bytes.Finally,an intelligent search method is proposed to identify optimal parameters,further improving attack efficiency.Experiments were conducted on both simulated environments and real power traces collected from the SAKURA-G platform.In the case of simulation,SFGA-CPA reduces the number of traces by 27.3%and 60%compared to CPA based on multiple screening methods(MS-CPA)and CPA based on simple GA method(SGA-CPA)when the success rate reaches 90%.Moreover,real experimental results on the SAKURA-G platform demonstrate that our approach outperforms other methods.