Applying UML and Machine Learning to Enhance System Analysis and Design

System analysis and design (SAD) is a crucial process in the development of software systems. The impact of modeling techniques and software engineering practices on SAD has been the focus of research for many years. Two such techniques that have had a significant impact on SAD are Unified Modeling Language (UML) and machine learning. UML has been used to model the structure and behavior of software systems, while machine learning has been used to automatically learn patterns in data and make predictions. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the impact of UML and machine learning on SAD. We summarize the findings from several studies and highlight the key insights related to the benefits and limitations of these techniques for SAD. Our review shows that both UML and machine learning have had a positive impact on SAD, with UML improving communication and documentation, and machine learning improving the accuracy of predictions. However, there are also challenges associated with their use, such as the need for expertise and the difficulty of interpreting machine learning models. Our findings suggest that a combination of UML and machine learning can enhance SAD by leveraging the strengths of each technique.

Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis Method of Armored Equipment Based on Testability Growth

In view of the low level testability of armored equipment,the important significance of armored equipment testability growth is discussed in this paper.The failure mode effects and criticality analysis( FMECA) method to realize testability growth is introduced.Centering on the testability growth demands of new armored equipment,the deficiencies of traditional FMECA are analyzed.And an enhanced FMECA( EFMECA) method is proposed.The method increases the analysis contents,combines the information before the failure occurrence and impending failure modes together organically.Then the failure symptoms is analyzed,the failure modes and effects is determined,and the state development trend is predicted.Finally,the application of EFMECA method is illustrated by the example of the failure mode of typical armored equipment engine.

Effects Analysis of Mg^2＋, dNTPs and Taq DNA Polymerase on SSR-PCR System of Pear

Effects of Mg^2＋, NTPs and Taq DNA polymerase in pear SSR-PCR system were analyzed by quadratic regressive orthogonal rotational combinational design. Results showed： absolute IOD （Integrated OD of each band） value of target band reduced with concentration rising of Mg^2＋ and Taq DNA polymerase, but heightened with concentration rising of dNTPs. The decay rate of absolute IOD value increased progressively with rising Mg^2＋ concentration, decreased gradually with rising Taq DNA polymerase concentration; the rising speed would be slower than the dNTPs increase. Absolute IOD value would reduce with concentration rising of dNTPs at a low level of Mg^2＋ concentration. Conversely it would rise with the increase of dNTPs while high Mg^2＋ concentration. Absolute IOD value would generally rise with concentration rising of Taq DNA polymerase while low Mg^2＋ concentration. On the contrary it would reduce with concentration rising of Taq DNA polymerase while high Mg^2＋ concentration.

Design and Economic Analysis of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar PV System for Typical Home Applications in Oman

This paper presents a techno-economic investigation of an integrated rooftop solar PV system for typical home applications in Oman that can reduce the power consumption from the grid and export excess PV generated power back to the gird.Since renewable energy systems design technically depends on the site,this study selects a typical two-story villa(Home),in a site Al-Hamra,Oman.Temperature is one of the critical parameters in this design as it varies widely over the day and from one season to another in Oman.With the effect of temperature variation,the PV system has designed using system models for the required load of the home.The design process has included two main design constraints,such as the available rooftop space and the grid-connection availability for the selected home.This research also evaluates the economic feasibility of the design system considering the energy export tariff as per the Bulk Supply Tariff(BST)scheme in Oman.The design outcome reveals that the designed PV system can supply the load energy requirement in a year.In addition,the rooftop solar PV system can sell surplus energy back to the grid that generates additional revenue for the owner of the system.The economic performance indices such as payback period,internal rate of return,net present value,and profitability index ensure the financial feasibility of the designed rooftop solar PV system for the selected home.

Design and Analysis of a Novel Rotor-Segmented Axial-Field Switched Reluctance Machine

As excitation strategy is influenced by the parity of phase number,and serious end effect is caused by full pitch windings adopted by the conventional rotor-segmented switched reluctance machine(RS-SRM),a novel rotor-segmented axial-field switched reluctance machine(RS-AFSRM),which adopts concentrated windings,is proposed in this paper,whose control strategy is independent of the parity of phase number.The stator of the proposed RS-AFSRM consists of inner and outer flux-conductive ring,excitation poles,and stator yoke,while the rotor consists of fan-shape cylinder-type segments.The structure and principle of the proposed machine is introduced through the magnetic circuit model of the machine.The fringing effect on air-gap field is considered.The simplified magnetic circuit considering the fringing effect is presented and the fringing effect coefficient is introduced.The design procedure considering the fringing effect through iterative modification is presented in this paper and is validated through 3D finite-element method(3D-FEM).Results show that both magnetic field distribution and operation are reasonable and satisfy the requirements.

Optimization Model of the Effects of Transplanting Density, Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization on Yield and Quality of an Aromatic Hybrid Rice "Luyoumingzhan"

Effects of transplanting density, nitrogen （N） application quantity and potassium （K） application quantity on hybrid rice ＂Luyoumingzhan＂ were studied by optimal design. Regression models between yield, quality and the three cultivation measures were built to study the effects of the three cultivation measures on rice yield and quality. The results showed that the yield and quality were influenced in various degrees. An optimization measure for high yield and low chalky ratio was simulated by computer,which was 214500 clumps per ha, 140.2 kg N per ha and N 136.6 kg per ha.

Methanol Distillation System: Process Analysis and Column Design

Base on industrial research and experience, the process of methanol distillation is analyzed,and above all, a new concept of high pressure flowsheet and low pressure flowsheet is defined. The new configuration helps to handle problems encountered in many factories in China. The inter influence between process and column internal pattern is also pointed out. Recommendation of new column internal designs is given. Finally, industrial examples tell the how the new concept works and the possibility of combining process to give more opens to solve engineering problems.

Evaluating and Improving the Effectiveness of Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Programs: A Cost-Benefit Analysis Framework

Motor vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs are designed to identify high-emitting vehicles and mitigate their impacts on air quality and climate. I/M programs have been traditionally ranked superior among various vehicle emission control measures by the results of cost-benefit analysis, based on the assumption that these programs will achieve the targeted emission reduction outcomes. However, the actual effects of I/M programs may be greatly uncertain and when this uncertainty is taken into account, these programs may become suboptimal. This study develops a new a cost-benefit analysis framework that links various program design consideration, such as program participation rate, identification rate and effective repair rate, to the public health benefits as well as costs of the programs. This framework helps decision makers to investigate minimum implementation requirements that at least ensure the benefits are greater than the costs of implementing the programs in order to improve the overall effectiveness of the I/M programs. To illustrate the applications of the framework, it was applied to a particulate matter oriented I/M program targeting all diesel-fueled vehicles in the city of Bangkok, Thailand, a large metropolitan area that has been suffering from severe ambient PM pollution mainly attributable to its wide use of diesel-fueled vehicles and motorcycles. It was found that the health benefits achieved from the program are sensitive to several key program design elements, including participation rate and problem vehicle identification rate, fraction of effective repairs and illegal operation rate. Other variables, such as the testing cut-points and vehicle population growth rate, only have modest effects on the overall emission reduction and consequent health benefits. Overall, the performance of multiple variables associated with I/M program design needs to be improved simultaneous in order to achieve the targeted benefits of the program.

Ground Motion and Site Effects on Performance-Based Design

The objective of Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering （PBEE） is the analysis of performance objectives with a specified annual probability of exceedance. Increasingly undesirable performance is caused by increasing levels of strong ground motion having decreasing annual probabilities of exceedance. The development of this methodology includes three steps： （1） evaluation of the distribution of ground motion at a site; （2） evaluation of the distribution of system response; （3） evaluation of the probability of exceeding decision variables within a given time period, given appropriate damage measures. The work has taken a systematic approach to determine the impact of increasing levels of detail in site characterization on the accuracy of ground motion and site effects predictions. Complementary studies have investigated the use of the following models for evaluating site effects： （1） amplification factors defined on the basis of generalized site categories, （2） one-dimensional ground response analysis, and （3） two-dimensional ground response analysis for surface topography on ground motion. The paper provides a brief synthesis of ground motion and site effects analysis procedures within a Performance-Based Design framework. It focuses about the influence on the evaluation of site effects in some active regions by different shear waves velocity measurements Down Hole （D-H）, Cross Hole （C-H）, Seismic Dilatometer Marchetti Test （SDMT） and by different variation of shear modulus and damping ratio with strain level and depth from different laboratory dynamic tests for soil characterization： Resonant Column Test （RCT）, Cyclic Loading Torsional Shear Test （CLTST）.

Longitudinal genetic analysis of growth-related traits in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard)

The red swamp crayfish,Procambarus clarkii,is an economically important species especially in China.Their exoskeleton places serious constraints on growth and culture management.Their growth is achieved through intermittent molting/ecdysis.The longitudinal genetic dynamics for growth-related traits at different ecdysial points in P.clarkii has been unclear to date.In this study,conditional genetic analysis was carried out for growth-related traits(body weight,body length,chela length,and cephalothorax length)based upon a mixed genetic model with conditional additive,dominance,and genotype by environment effects in P.clarkii.A complete diallel cross was made among three geographic populations of P.clarkii for the genetic mating design.Results of the conditional genetic analysis showed that from 4 th molt to 9 th molt the conditional additive variations were increased significantly whereas the conditional non-additive genetic variations(dominance and genotype by environment interaction)were decreased significantly for these growth-related traits.This indicated that lots of new expression of additive effect genes for body weight,body length,chela length,and cephalothorax length occurred during ontogeny,and environment played a signifi cant role in the expression of genes affecting these growth-related traits.Growth of the four traits was mainly affected by non-additive genetic effects in early developmental stage(prior to 4 th molt).The cumulative conditional additive variation for the growth-related traits from 4 th molt to 9 th molt accounted for a large majority of the total conditional additive variations from 2 nd molt to 9 th molt,indicating that this period was very important for the growth of this species.Using the conditional analysis method,dynamics of growth-related traits during an important ontogenetic phase of red swamp crayfish was uncovered.Our results provide valuable insights into refining production of this species.

An Implementation Technique for Multivariate Robust Design

This paper investigates systematically the problem of multivariate robustparameter design. First, a measurement criterion for the total variation of multivariate qualitycharacteristics is introduced by the result of information theory. Then the implementation procedurein the robust design is presented. After that, a simulation example from a practical industrialprocess is provided. Finally, some comments and further work are discussed.

黑龙江省保护性耕作技术实施效果统计分析

为跟踪东北黑土地保护性耕作行动计划实施状况,促进保护性耕作技术规范应用,对黑龙江省机械化保护性耕作技术实施情况进行抽样评估具有重要意义。为此,采用五点取样法实测调查抽样县(区)实施保护性耕作地块的保护性耕作方式、动土情况及秸秆覆盖率,调查并对比分析保护性耕作地块与相邻的非保护性耕作地块玉米株高、杂草及病虫发生情况。结果表明:黑龙江省采用免耕播种和少耕播种方式实施保护性耕作技术,在玉米生长中后期动土率低于50%的实施保护性耕作技术地块占总调研地块的75%,秸秆覆盖率大于30%的实施保护性耕作地块比例占60%;实施免耕或少耕等保护性耕作技术地块的玉米株高、杂草及病虫发生机率与相邻非保护性耕作地块差异不大,整体效果较好,尤其在遭受大风和强降雨灾害地区,实施保护性耕作技术种植的玉米抗倒伏优势明显;实施保护性耕作技术可以减少机械生产作业环节,降低农业生产成本,有效保护黑土资源,在黑龙江省具有较好的推广前景。

高等农业院校现代色谱分析课程思政探索与实践

课程思政建设是当前加强高校思想政治工作和专业课程教学改革的重要内容,是构建全方位育人格局,将其他课程与思政课同向同行,协同育人,以最终实现“立德树人”根本教育任务的一种综合教育理念。现代色谱分析是高等农业院校化学、农学、食品科学、动物药学、动物医学等专业研究生的必修课程。该课程开课专业广、修读人数多,是开展课程思政教育的重要载体。作者以高等农业院校现代色谱分析课程为例,介绍了实施课程思政的重要意义,课程思政元素的挖掘及思政内容与专业内容的融合,希望能为相关学科课程思政教学提供有益参考。

视频中的交互设计可以促进学习吗?——基于53项实验与准实验的元分析

交互设计可以增加学习者与学习内容的互动性,从而促进其主动学习,因而在教育领域的重要性日益凸显。然而,交互设计在教学视频中的作用尚存在一定争议。因此,研究纳入53项国内外实证研究进行元分析,系统地分析了交互设计对视频学习的影响。主效应检验结果发现,视频中的交互设计对总注视时间、学习参与度、学习动机、学习满意度、保持成绩、迁移成绩和延迟测试成绩有显著的促进作用,但对认知负荷的影响不显著。研究进一步从交互功能特征、学习者特征、学习材料特征、学习情境特征四个维度进行调节效应分析,结果发现,交互设计的作用受到多种因素影响,如交互类型、先验知识、学科领域、学习步调等。因此,在设计和实施教学视频时,应全面考虑交互设计的本身特性、学习者的个体差异等多方面因素,以更有效地发挥交互设计在教育中的优势。

论高职院校房产管理系统设计实现

以包头职业技术学院为例,重点分析了房产系统的业务需求,设计系统总体功能模块及数据库表单,明确数据表逻辑关系,提出采用先进的前后端分离的体系架构模式,给出了系统主要功能的现实代码,总结了系统设计的特色。本文将为高职类院校房产管理实现信息化建设提供参考。

具身认知理论下解析非遗游戏的教育实施与效果检验——以《匠木》为例

在具身认知理论下建立非遗游戏的教育实施框架,并以非遗游戏《匠木》为例,通过评论文本大数据收集和分析发现,符合该框架的非遗游戏在认知、情感、行为及心流体验四个维度对游戏者产生积极的教育效果,进而对非遗教育游戏的未来发展提出展望。

西咸自由贸易企业服务中心超高层建筑结构设计

西咸自由贸易企业服务中心地处高烈度区,与渭河断裂之间的距离约2km,应考虑近场效应。项目采用钢管混凝土框架(钢梁)+钢筋混凝土核心筒混合结构,存在扭转不规则、刚度突变、有加强层和通高层等不规则项。为提高结构刚度,在避难层设置了2道伸臂桁架加强层。采用YJK、MIDAS Building软件进行了小震弹性对比分析,采用YJK进行了小震弹性时程分析。根据设定的抗震性能目标,对主体结构主要部位和关键构件进行了性能化设计;采用SAUSAGE软件进行了罕遇地震作用下的动力弹塑性时程分析;采用ANSYS软件对伸臂桁架关键节点进行有限元分析。结果表明:各项指标均符合设计要求,结构及构件均达到预设性能目标,结构体系合理,安全可靠。本工程部分墙体为钢板混凝土剪力墙,设计中应注重钢板混凝土剪力墙的构造措施,施工中应采取措施控制钢板变形。

The Implementation Effects of a Nationwide Sloping Farmland Soil Erosion Control Project in China

To understand implementation of a nationwide sloping farmland soil erosion comprehensive control project during China＇s 12 th Five-Year Plan we used data collection and expert consultation. We selected 24 indexes across three aspects including project management, engineering construction and implementation benefit and used AHP-grey correlation analysis methods. We found that the scores for engineering construction were greater than 0.65 in most of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. These scores are high and scores for project management and implementation benefit are between 0.45–0.65; however, overall scores are low. The comprehensive evaluation results are normally distributed. The composite scores for Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou are 0.71, 0.68 and 0.68 respectively, indicating that the implementation effects are good. The scores for Jilin and Liaoning are 0.38 and 0.42 respectively, indicating that the implementation effects need improvement. Scores for other provinces are between 0.45–0.65 and the effects are medium. The evaluation results show certain zonal rules spatially and the implementation effect in karst regions of Southwest China is the highest, followed by the purple soil region in Southwest China, Loess Plateau region of Northwest China, earth-rock mountain region of North China and red soil hilly region of South China. The implementation effect in the black soil region of Northeast China suggests that improvement is needed in this region.

临床研究生对临床研究设计与实施课程的主观评价及改进建议

目的:调查临床研究生对临床研究设计与实施课程的主观评价,以优化课程内容,提高授课水平。方法:对315名选课研究生进行问卷调查,调查内容包括学生的基本信息、科研经历、对课程效果及课程满意度的主观评价等。结果:课程开始前,8成以上学生在把握度分析、偏倚控制、偏倚识别、样本量估算、统计分析设计等环节存在困难。课程结束后,9成以上学生已掌握上述内容。96.19%的学生认为课程设计的科学性与实用性较好;仅有48.89%认为课程具有趣味性。结论:临床研究设计与实施课程已获得广泛认可,但仍需在课程内容及时间设置上予以改进,并进一步提升趣味性。

无杆式高压气动弹射器弹射性能参数灵敏度分析

通过对参数进行影响规律及灵敏度分析,得到某无杆式高压气动弹射器弹射性能关键参数的优化计算参考。基于真实气体的热力学参数和动力学理论,建立了精确内弹道模型;并与弹射试验数据、流体仿真曲线进行比较分析,得到相对正确的理论计算模型;利用全局灵敏度法进行分析,得到了内弹道稳定性及离轨速度的7个主要参数影响规律及参数的线性主效应、二阶效应结果。影响内弹道稳定性的最灵敏参数为高压室容积,影响离轨速度的最灵敏参数为环境温度;泄漏率倍数及开阀时间自身的二阶主效应及与其余5个影响因素的二阶交互效应敏感度比较低,可以在设计中提前决定这2项因素的取值,实现设计变量的缩减。该文的研究结果可为内弹道及弹射装置优化提供理论参考。