The most important elements of “intellectual networks” (Smart Grid) are the systems of monitoring the parameters of electrical equipment. Information-measuring systems (IMS), which described in this paper, were prop...The most important elements of “intellectual networks” (Smart Grid) are the systems of monitoring the parameters of electrical equipment. Information-measuring systems (IMS), which described in this paper, were proposed to use together with rapid digital protection against short-circuit regimes in transformer windings. This paper presents an application’s experience of LVI-testing, some results of the use of Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) to check the condition of transformer windings and infra-red control results of electrical equipment. The LVI method and short-circuit inductive reactance measurements are sensitive for detecting such faults as radial, axial winding deformations, a twisting of low-voltage or regulating winding, a losing of winding’s pressing and others.展开更多
This paper aims to clarify the mechanism of the longitudinal response of a tunnel under normal faulting via a comprehensive analysis of available experimental data and numerical simulations.Four 1 g condition model te...This paper aims to clarify the mechanism of the longitudinal response of a tunnel under normal faulting via a comprehensive analysis of available experimental data and numerical simulations.Four 1 g condition model tests were reviewed and reanalysed to highlight the key characteristics of the tunnel response under normal faulting:S-shaped deformation and inverted S-shaped bending strain distribution in the longitudinal direction;the main affected zone of faulting is approximately six times the tunnel diameter to the fault plane.A threedimensional finite element model was also established and verified,followed by a sensitivity analysis of key parameters,including the fault dislocation,dip angle,tunnel rigidity and relative stiffness between the hanging wall and footwall.All results reveal that the longitudinal mechanical response under normal faulting is dominated by a combination of bending,tension,and shearing.Bending and shearing are induced by the large unbalanced rock pressure at the vault in the hanging wall and the inverted arch in the footwall;the value of unbalanced rock pressure is directly proportional to the dislocation but negatively correlated with the dip angle.Although the main part of the tunnel stays in tension,axial compressive strain exists around the fault plane when the dip angle is greater than 70 °,which may be related to the ovaling effect of the tunnel.Such an ovaling effect is caused by the compression at the cross-section of the tunnel and may lead to more complicated internal strain.展开更多
轴向位移故障是电力变压器常见故障之一,为此结合有限元模型与频率响应法,提出了一种基于“结构参数–电气参数–试验结果”诊断思路的电力变压器轴向位移故障诊断方法。基于实际变压器的结构尺寸及材料特性在Ansoft Maxwell中建立变压...轴向位移故障是电力变压器常见故障之一,为此结合有限元模型与频率响应法,提出了一种基于“结构参数–电气参数–试验结果”诊断思路的电力变压器轴向位移故障诊断方法。基于实际变压器的结构尺寸及材料特性在Ansoft Maxwell中建立变压器有限元模型,计算了变压器主要电气参数（对地电容、饼间电容等）,分析了不同轴向位移故障程度下电气参数的变化。为研究变压器绕组轴向位移故障对变压器频率响应曲线的影响,运用有限元模型中求解得到的电气参数,搭建了变压器等值电路模型。仿真了不同轴向位移程度下变压器的频率响应曲线的变化,结果表明：轴向位移故障会引起频率响应曲线在150 k Hz左右产生幅值变化,同时导致200-250 k Hz频率带及350-450 k Hz频率带上谐振峰的整体右移。仿真结果与现场试验表现出较好的一致性,因此,提出的故障诊断方法可以对现有判据进行补充,以提高变压器轴向位移故障诊断的准确度。展开更多
文摘The most important elements of “intellectual networks” (Smart Grid) are the systems of monitoring the parameters of electrical equipment. Information-measuring systems (IMS), which described in this paper, were proposed to use together with rapid digital protection against short-circuit regimes in transformer windings. This paper presents an application’s experience of LVI-testing, some results of the use of Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) to check the condition of transformer windings and infra-red control results of electrical equipment. The LVI method and short-circuit inductive reactance measurements are sensitive for detecting such faults as radial, axial winding deformations, a twisting of low-voltage or regulating winding, a losing of winding’s pressing and others.
基金finically supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41941018),2019QZKK0708Key Technology Research on Water Diversion Project for Central Area of Yunnan Province.
文摘This paper aims to clarify the mechanism of the longitudinal response of a tunnel under normal faulting via a comprehensive analysis of available experimental data and numerical simulations.Four 1 g condition model tests were reviewed and reanalysed to highlight the key characteristics of the tunnel response under normal faulting:S-shaped deformation and inverted S-shaped bending strain distribution in the longitudinal direction;the main affected zone of faulting is approximately six times the tunnel diameter to the fault plane.A threedimensional finite element model was also established and verified,followed by a sensitivity analysis of key parameters,including the fault dislocation,dip angle,tunnel rigidity and relative stiffness between the hanging wall and footwall.All results reveal that the longitudinal mechanical response under normal faulting is dominated by a combination of bending,tension,and shearing.Bending and shearing are induced by the large unbalanced rock pressure at the vault in the hanging wall and the inverted arch in the footwall;the value of unbalanced rock pressure is directly proportional to the dislocation but negatively correlated with the dip angle.Although the main part of the tunnel stays in tension,axial compressive strain exists around the fault plane when the dip angle is greater than 70 °,which may be related to the ovaling effect of the tunnel.Such an ovaling effect is caused by the compression at the cross-section of the tunnel and may lead to more complicated internal strain.
文摘轴向位移故障是电力变压器常见故障之一,为此结合有限元模型与频率响应法,提出了一种基于“结构参数–电气参数–试验结果”诊断思路的电力变压器轴向位移故障诊断方法。基于实际变压器的结构尺寸及材料特性在Ansoft Maxwell中建立变压器有限元模型,计算了变压器主要电气参数（对地电容、饼间电容等）,分析了不同轴向位移故障程度下电气参数的变化。为研究变压器绕组轴向位移故障对变压器频率响应曲线的影响,运用有限元模型中求解得到的电气参数,搭建了变压器等值电路模型。仿真了不同轴向位移程度下变压器的频率响应曲线的变化,结果表明：轴向位移故障会引起频率响应曲线在150 k Hz左右产生幅值变化,同时导致200-250 k Hz频率带及350-450 k Hz频率带上谐振峰的整体右移。仿真结果与现场试验表现出较好的一致性,因此,提出的故障诊断方法可以对现有判据进行补充,以提高变压器轴向位移故障诊断的准确度。
