Meru University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Review System: A SWOT Analysis

The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.

Development Trend and Prediction of Stem Cell Technology in China from the Perspective of Patent

Objective To provide new ideas for the effective treatment of many serious diseases and to solve many major medical problems faced by mankind.Methods In this paper,the invention patents in the field of stem cells in China from 2010 to 2020 were taken as the research object,and the technology status quo in the field of stem cells was analyzed to predict the future development direction through quantitative analysis method.Results and Conclusion The development of stem cell technology in China is in a period of growth with great potential.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the ability of Chinese universities to combine production,education and research.Nowadays,the hotspots in stem cell technology are using culture medium to improve cell proliferation ability,production efficiency,and to induce differentiated cells.Meanwhile,the production efficiency of embryonic stem cells should be improved,and the immunomodulatory effect of embryonic stem cells can be exerted to screen drugs.Besides,the function of hematopoietic stem cells should be enhanced and apply mesenchymal cells in therapy.Since the potential technological gaps are the improvement of therapy,induced differentiation and efficiency of pluripotent stem cells,the improvement of progenitor cell proliferation and the control of cost,we should strengthen R&D investment in culture medium,embryonic stem cells and other technical fields,and achieve the purpose of reducing R&D costs and improving R&D efficiency.

On Innovation of Coordinative Development Mechanism of Science and Technology Park with Surrounding Areas under Promotion of the Government——Case Study on Three Science and Technology Park in Dongguan

Science and Technology Park, which plays a very important role in promoting rapid development of regional economy, has enjoyed various preferential policies in its unique development since China’s reform and opening up, which oppositely shows that the government has overlooked development outside the park and resulted in negative competition between the science and technology park and surrounding areas in resources and industry development, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to overcome the existing obstacles against coordinative development between the park and surrounding areas, to explore paths where the two can development coordinately and to achieve new breakthrough and innovation in coordinative development in subject, object, platform and mechanism.

Predicting the Number of Beijing Science and Technology Personnel Based on GM(1,N) Model

In this paper, based on the Science and Technology Statistics in Beijing Statistical Yearbook, grey theory is used to study the relationship among S&T (Science and Technology) activities personnel, R&D (research and development) personnel FTE (Full Time Equivalent), intramural expenditure for R&D and Patent Application Amount. According to the grey correlation coefficient, screening of grey GM(1,N) prediction variables, the grey prediction model is established. Meanwhile, time series model and GM(1,1) model are established for patent applications and R&D personnel equivalent FTE. By comparing the simulating results with the real data, the absolute relative error of prediction models is less than 10%. The results of the prediction model are tested. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, the mean values of the predicted values of the two models are brought into the GM(1,N) model to predict the number of scientific and technical personnel in Beijing during 2015-2025. Forecast results show that the number of science and technology personnel in Beijing will grow with exponential growth trend in the next ten years, which has a certain reference value for predicting the science and technology activities and formulating the policy in Beijing.

Technological Innovation Characteristics and Capacity Enhancement Ways for the Agricultural Science and Technology Enterprises in Beijing City

From the perspective of innovation mechanism,capital,personnel,achievements and conversion,this study analyzes the current situation of technological innovation in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises,and summarizes the characteristics including single financing channel of R&D funds,low conversion rate of innovative products,unbalanced distribution of technology and innovative talents,the underestimated position of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation,the large gap of innovation achievements between developed provinces and Beijing.At last,this study puts forward the ways to improve technological innovation ability in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises as follows:developing technological innovation strategies;improving the R&D expenditure and expanding the financing channels;perfecting the mechanism of professional personnel training in agricultural technology innovation;enhancing the level of innovation performance management;establishing and improving the corporate culture of innovation and cultivating technology innovation spirit.

System Simulation Science and Simulation System Technology

This paper mainly discusses the following problems: the important meaning and special function of simulation system; the definition, contents and relationship of system and system simulation science; the definition and technology of simulation system and its equipments; and systematic description and exploration in relation to the developing trend of system simulation science and simulation system technology.

Current Situations and Recommendations for Development of Agricultural Sci-Tech Park District of Luzhou City

The agricultural science and technology park is a demonstration carrier for the assembly and integration of agricultural technology,the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the modern agricultural production. It is an inevitable choice and important way to realize the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. This paper reviewed the construction background,functional characteristics and development history of agricultural science and technology parks. It analyzed the current development situations of the provincial agricultural science and technology parks in Jiangyang District,Luzhou City of Sichuan Province. Then,it summarized its experience in park construction and compared with surrounding national and provincial agricultural science and technology parks. It found existing problems including insufficient industry-university-research integration,low level of agricultural intensification,weak functions of public service platforms and brand effect,and insufficient exploration of tourism resources. In view of these problems,it came up with recommendations for development of agricultural Sci-Tech Park District of Luzhou City,including gathering scientific and technological resources,enhancing scientific and technological support,strengthening the high-quality development of the park economy,and building a national 4 A-level excellent scenic spot.

Analysis of Renewable Energy Research Hotspots and Trends Based on Bibliometric and Patent Survey

In recent years,renewable energy has taken on an increasingly important role as a result of the depletion of traditional fossil fuels and the pressure of climate change.Due to the advantages of clean energy production and wide availability,research on renewable energy has increased worldwide.We collected data from the Web of Science and the Derwent Innovations Index to analyze research trends in the field of renewable energy.It was found that the number of research achievements in this field has developed rapidly worldwide since 2005.The United States ranks first in the quantity and quality of literature and fourth in the number of authorized patents.China ranks second and first regarding the quantity of literature and authorized patents,respectively.Biomass energy,wind energy,and solar energy are trending research topics in various stages of development.China has maintained close cooperation with the United States,the United Kingdom,Australia,and other countries.

基于Web of Sciences的绿色建筑研究文献态势分析

绿色建筑可以有效地保护环境、充分地利用资源,超越了传统建筑技术,是中国建筑领域新兴的研究方向。分析绿色建筑领域的研究文献,揭示绿色建筑研究的发展趋势,可以为中国绿色建筑的研究提供参考依据。文章以2012—2017年Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的绿色建筑文献为数据,采用文献计量方法,对世界上有关绿色建筑的研究文献,分别从文献的时间、国家、期刊、基金资助机构、研究方向与研究机构分布进行了知识图谱分析。结果表明:中国在绿色建筑方面的研究投入不断加大,受到国家的重视,但研究成果的质量有待进一步提升;Energy and Buildings、Journal of Cleaner Production、Building and Environment是研究绿色建筑的主流杂志,跟踪这些期刊有助于科研工作者掌握绿色建筑方面的最新研究进展;目前绿色建筑研究的热点主要集中在城市热岛减缓技术、绿色建筑环境效益、凉爽城市等方面。

基于Web of Science数据库虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的文献计量学分析

目的通过文献计量学的方法分析基于Web of Science数据库虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的现状及研究热点,为临床研究提供有价值的依据。方法借助计算机系统检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的有关虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的相关文献,检索范围为2009-2018年通过文献计量学中引文分析的方法,利用Web of Science数据库的文献分析功能,对虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的研究现状和研究热点进行分析。结果共检索出相关文献91篇,文献发表量总体呈逐年上升的趋势,研究方向集中在教育教学和肿瘤学方向,文献类型以期刊论文为主。美国发文量最多,中国排名第四。发文量最多的机构是美国的迈阿密大学、辛辛那提大学和莱特州立大学,中国发文量最多的机构是香港大学。发文量最多的作者是美国的Farra S。发文量最多的杂志是Clinical Simulation in Nursing。被引频次最高的杂志是美国的Journal of Pediatric Nursing。此领域全球关注的热点是护理教育和疼痛护理,我国在此基础上更关注其在心理护理中的应用。结论 2009-2018年虚拟现实技术在护理领域的应用研究逐渐加强,美国在此领域的研究实力最强,全球研究热点主要集中在护理教育与疼痛护理方面。

基于Web of Science数据库的技术经济学科国外重点核心期刊分析

新形势下,技术经济领域的研究对于推动实现我国“十四五”规划和二○三五年远景目标起着至关重要的作用。但是技术经济研究在国外的核心期刊中分布较为分散,研究文献获取不够聚焦,本文利用Web of Science数据库,筛选以技术经济为主题的研究文章,并根据文章所发表的期刊进行了数据统计和分析,对技术经济领域国外重点核心期刊进行了提取,定位了总被引次数前1 000次的国外核心期刊、高被引论文中排名前十位的国外核心期刊、以及发表篇数排名前十位的国外核心期刊,并对高被引和发表篇数均为前十名的国外核心期刊进行了介绍,研究结果可以在一定程度上为技术经济领域研究者提供国外研究文献获取和研究成果发表方面的参考。

Quantitative Characteristics of Patentable Applications in Japan： An Analysis Using Bibliographic Information of Application Documents

This study examined Japanese patents in terms of the quantitative characteristics of application documents that resulted in the acquisition of rights in order to clarify the relationship between the features and patentability of applications. The groups of approved applications and those that had not been approved were compared for 12 variables： publication time lag; numbers of inventors, classifications, pages, figures, tables, claims, priority claims, countries for priority claims, cited patents, and cited non-patent documents; and median of citation age. Furthermore, the authors carried out the experiments in which patent applications were automatically classified into two groups by the machine learning method, random forests. As a result, statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed for the following variables （p 〈 .001）： the numbers of inventors, pages, figures, claims, priority claims, and countries for priority claims were significantly larger in the group of approved applications, while the time lag until publication was smaller. In particular, the publication time lag and the numbers of inventors, pages, and figures were variables representing the features that largely contribute to discriminating approved applications in the classification using random forests, which implies that these have relatively strong relationships with patentability.

基于Web of Science紫苏研究进展与态势分析

为进一步了解植物紫苏的国内外研究现状和进展,基于Web of Science平台数据库,对1997—2021年国内外各科研院所发表的有关紫苏的研究文献进行整理。结果表明,25年间世界范围内紫苏相关研究论文产出量总体呈上升趋势,2019、2020年均达到120篇;发文量前3位的国家分别为日本、韩国和中国,日本达到525篇;日本京都大学、名古屋市立大学和首尔大学是发文量排在前3位的研究机构;文献主要来源为《Food Science and Biotechnology》、《Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry》、《Biological Pharmaceutical Bulletin》;研究方向主要集中在紫苏油、迷迭香酸、花青素、抗氧化及a-亚麻酸方面,学科交叉性较强;根据统计数据综合分析,日韩在紫苏研究方面处于领先地位;紫苏含有多种具有保健作用的活性成分,是非常优异的药食同源植物,应该引起国内学者的更多关注。

基于Web of Science数据库文献计量的黄芪研究态势分析

基于Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量学方法,分析了1998—2018年世界黄芪研究文献趋势,排名前10位的国家、研究机构、核心作者、期刊、学科。结果表明:近20年来,国际黄芪研究论文的数量整体呈增长趋势。从研究国家、研究机构及出版物等综合角度来看,以中国为主的亚洲国家,研究论文的综合影响力最高,是全球研究合作网的中心。《JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY》与《CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA》是刊载黄芪论文较多的期刊。本研究对国内外黄芪相关文献研究进行了总结与分析,为国内黄芪的相关研究提供参考。

Development of Operational Space Environment Technology System

With the increasing of users and the demands which are transforming from the monotonous traditional service to network service,Multiple space environment web applications including browser-client,rich-client and mobile-client applications have been developed by SEPC(Space Environment Prediction Center,NSSC,CAS)during the past few years.The architecture of Operational Space Environment Technology System(OSETS) that these applications rely on is described and the description of structural optimization of the architecture is provided.To demonstrate the evolution of the OSETS,three web application examples for e SpaceWx,Space Weather Situation Awareness Picture(SWSAP),Plug-and-Play SWx Analysis and Plotting Program(PPSWAP) are presented.

基于语义加权网络的重点领域科学基金资助态势识别研究

[目的/意义]科学基金制度是各国(地区)提升科学研究水平的重要方式,准确识别科学基金的资助方向和资助成效是感知科技发展态势的关键。[方法/过程]为识别科学基金资助态势,在提出关键短语抽取规则后,利用语义相似度消除同、近义词的歧义影响,利用动态滑动窗口和语义相似度构建语义加权的词共现网络,并基于社团划分方法识别基金主题。在集成电路领域比较1812项中国国家自然科学基金和2807项美国国家科学基金的资助主题分布、资助力度变化和资助效果,该方法能够准确识别基金主题分布和资助成效。[结果/结论]中国国家自然科学基金和美国国家科学基金均涵盖了集成电路领域的主要研究主题,在重点资助方向和资助力度上有较大差异;中国国家自然科学基金资助的论文平均被引频次相对较低,受资助机构相对单一。

The Business English Teaching in Vocational Technology College

The vocational business English teaching should adapt to the requirments of enterprise, focus on the practical application of business English, and empolder a teaching mode with vocational characteristics.

Commentary of research situation and innovation frontier in hydro-structure engineering science

In order to utilize water and hydropower resources in China,multitudes of water projects are established or to be constructed as an integral part of the national economy's infrastructure.Under these circumstances,there are two outstanding problems:1) a mass of existing dams are in danger and 2) in the southwest water-conservancy construction plan,dozens of existing or planned dams are high dams or even super high dams with heights between 200 and 300 m.In accordance with demands of "the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development" on the innovation frontier in hydro-structure engineering science,various key problems in science and technology such like stress analysis,ultimate bearing capacity,nonlinearity etc.for high dams,super high dams and sick dams have been investigated.This paper makes a commentary on the advances and results of the researches,then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current theoretics and methodologies,and finally presents corresponding research directions and the frontier of innovation.

The measure and characteristics of spatial-temporal evolution of China＇s science and technology resource allocation efficiency

According to the connotation and structure of science and technology resources and some relevant data of more than 286 cities at prefecture level and above during 2001-2010, using modified method--Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA）, science and tech- nology （S＆T） resource allocation efficiency of different cities in different periods has been figured out, which, uncovers the distributional difference and change law of S＆T resource allocation efficiency from the time-space dimension. Based on that, this paper has analyzed and discussed the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in different cities by virtue of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis （ESDA）. It turned out that： （1） the average of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in cities at prefecture level and above has always stayed at low levels, moreover, with repeated fluctuations between high and low, which shows a decreasing trend year by year. Besides, the gap between the East and the West is widening. （2） The asymmetrical distribution of S＆T resource allocation effi- ciency presents a spatial pattern of successively decreasing from Eastern China, Central China to Western China. The cities whose S＆T resource allocation efficiency are at higher level and high level take on a cluster distribution, which fits well with the 23 forming urban agglomerations in China. （3） The coupling degree between S＆T resource allocation efficiency and economic environment assumes a certain positive correlation, but not completely the same. The differentiation of S＆T resource allocation efficiency is common in regional devel- opment, whose existence and evolution are directly or indirectly influenced by and regarded as the reflection of many elements, such as geographical location, the natural endowment and environment of S＆T resources and so on. （4） In the perspective of the evolution of spatial structure, S＆T resource allocation efficiency of the cities at prefecture level and above shows a notable spatial autocorrelation, which in every period presents a positive correlation. The spatial distribution of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in neighboring cities seems to be similar in group, which tends to escalate stepwise. Meanwhile, the whole differentiation of geographical space has a diminishing tendency. （5） Viewed from LISA agglomeration map of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in different periods, four agglomeration types have changed differently in spatial location and the range of spatial agglomeration. And the conti- nuity of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in geographical space is gradually increasing.