In this technical paper, the oxidation mechanism and kinetics of aluminum powders are discussed in great details. The potential applications of spherical aluminum powders after oxidation to be part of the surging arre...In this technical paper, the oxidation mechanism and kinetics of aluminum powders are discussed in great details. The potential applications of spherical aluminum powders after oxidation to be part of the surging arresting materials are discussed. Theoretical calculations of oxidation of spherical aluminum powders in a typical gas fluidization bed are demonstrated. Computer software written by the author is used to carry out the basic calculations of important parameters of a gas fluidization bed at different temperatures. A mathematical model of the dynamic system in a gas fluidization bed is developed and the analytical solution is obtained. The mathematical model can be used to estimate aluminum oxide thickness at a defined temperature. The mathematical model created in this study is evaluated and confirmed consistently with the experimental results on a gas fluidization bed. Detail technical discussion of the oxidation mechanism of aluminum is carried out. The mathematical deviations of the mathematical modeling have demonstrated in great details. This mathematical model developed in this study and validated with experimental results can bring a great value for the quantitative analysis of a gas fluidization bed in general from a theoretical point of view. It can be applied for the oxidation not only for aluminum spherical powders, but also for other spherical metal powders. The mathematical model developed can further enhance the applications of gas fluidization technology. In addition to the development of mathematical modeling of a gas fluidization bed reactor, the formation of oxide film through diffusion on both planar and spherical aluminum surfaces is analyzed through a thorough mathematical deviation using diffusion theory and Laplace transformation. The dominant defects and their impact to oxidation of aluminum are also discussed in detail. The well-controlled oxidation film on spherical metal powders such as aluminum and other metal spherical powders can potentially become an important part of switch devices of surge arresting materials, in general.展开更多
The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form ana...The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form analytic solution nonlinear optimal predictive control(NOPC)law was presented.The controller does not require online optimization and the huge calculation burden can be avoided,so that the demand of real-time control can be sat-isfied.In addition,there are only two design parameters,which are the predictive period and control order;so it is easy to implement and test in practical use.Simulation results have shown that the controller can not only attenuate power system oscillation effectively but can also maintain voltage at the SVC bus location.展开更多
文摘In this technical paper, the oxidation mechanism and kinetics of aluminum powders are discussed in great details. The potential applications of spherical aluminum powders after oxidation to be part of the surging arresting materials are discussed. Theoretical calculations of oxidation of spherical aluminum powders in a typical gas fluidization bed are demonstrated. Computer software written by the author is used to carry out the basic calculations of important parameters of a gas fluidization bed at different temperatures. A mathematical model of the dynamic system in a gas fluidization bed is developed and the analytical solution is obtained. The mathematical model can be used to estimate aluminum oxide thickness at a defined temperature. The mathematical model created in this study is evaluated and confirmed consistently with the experimental results on a gas fluidization bed. Detail technical discussion of the oxidation mechanism of aluminum is carried out. The mathematical deviations of the mathematical modeling have demonstrated in great details. This mathematical model developed in this study and validated with experimental results can bring a great value for the quantitative analysis of a gas fluidization bed in general from a theoretical point of view. It can be applied for the oxidation not only for aluminum spherical powders, but also for other spherical metal powders. The mathematical model developed can further enhance the applications of gas fluidization technology. In addition to the development of mathematical modeling of a gas fluidization bed reactor, the formation of oxide film through diffusion on both planar and spherical aluminum surfaces is analyzed through a thorough mathematical deviation using diffusion theory and Laplace transformation. The dominant defects and their impact to oxidation of aluminum are also discussed in detail. The well-controlled oxidation film on spherical metal powders such as aluminum and other metal spherical powders can potentially become an important part of switch devices of surge arresting materials, in general.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50307007).
文摘The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form analytic solution nonlinear optimal predictive control(NOPC)law was presented.The controller does not require online optimization and the huge calculation burden can be avoided,so that the demand of real-time control can be sat-isfied.In addition,there are only two design parameters,which are the predictive period and control order;so it is easy to implement and test in practical use.Simulation results have shown that the controller can not only attenuate power system oscillation effectively but can also maintain voltage at the SVC bus location.
